基于悬河特性的黄河下游生态水量探讨 ---“黄河下游滩区生态再造与治理研究”之三

The Yellow River, as the mother river in China, accounts for 2% of the national runoff volume which undertakes the water-supply task for 15% of the national cultivated area and 12% of population simultaneously. Also, the Yellow River has the maximum sediment in this world, and thus enough water volume is needed in the channel for sediment discharge into the sea, in addition, about 10 billion m3 must be supplied by the Yellow River for the regions along the Yellow River outside the basin, which all makes the contradiction between water supply and demand extremely sharp. With the development of social economy, water utilization volume is on the increase and ecological water volume is heavily occupied causing a series of ecological problems such as drying-up river channel, riverbed sedimentation and water pollution. Study on the ecological water volume of the Yellow River is always the research focus and the major issue. Therefore, based on the characteristics of runoff and sediment in the Yellow River, water balance method and numerical method of groundwater simulation were employed to analyze the water leakage volume of river channel and its ecological effects. The results imply that the partial water volume losses should be considered in the ecological water volume in the main stream of the Yellow River. Through the research in this paper, the study thoughts and means for the ecological water volume of the lower Yellow River was further improved, which could provide the decision-making basis for the ecological system maintain, ecological operation of water resources and basin management of the Yellow River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]