"I DID IT FOR THE UPLIFT OF HUMANITY AND THE NAVY": SAME-SEX ACTS AND THE ORIGINS OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY STATE, 1919-1921.

The article focuses on charges brought against gay Navy sailors in Newport, Rhode Island between 1919 and 1921 for same-sex acts. Topics include the accused men's lack of due process, how then Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Office of Naval Intelligence (ONI) implemented the charges under Section A, O.A.S.N. (Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy), and how this constructed a national security state during World War I.