WPŁYW DWÓCH RÓŻNYCH TECHNIK CHIRURGICZNYCH PREPARACJI PŁATA ŚLUZÓWKOWO-OKOSTNOWEGO NA PROCES GOJENIA TKANEK PO ZABIEGU CHIRURGICZNEGO USUNIĘCIA CZĘŚCIOWO ZATRZYMANYCH ZĘBÓW ÓSMYCH W ŻUCHWIE

Introduction Extraction of retained wisdom teeth in the mandible depends on the position of the tooth in the bone. Factors such as anatomical structure of bone, depth of tooth position in bone and its position relative to the neighboring tooth and mandibular canal significantly influence the choice of surgical technique. The method of muco-periosteal flap preparation, the amount of bone removal and consequently the extent of bone loss after surgery affects the healing process and the architecture of hard and soft tissues after wound healing. Aim The purpose of the study was to compare and evaluate tissue healing after surgical removal of partially retained wisdom teeth in the mandible, depending on the method of muco- periosteal flap preparation. Material and methods The study was conducted on 20 healthy adults aged 19-28 who were divided into two groups. In the first group, the triangular technique was used, in the second group the envelope technique of flap preparation was adapted. The following parameters were measured when comparing these two techniques: gingival pocket depth (measured at three sites, vestibular (BM), medial (M), distal (BD) sites of second molars crowns), the degree of bone resorption and the thickness of the gums behind the second molar tooth. Measurements were taken before, during and 4 months after surgery. Results Regardless of the surgical technique, the biggest changes occurred at the BD measurement site and correlated with the amount of bone resorption. Conclusions In conclusion, preparation of the envelope flap is more favorable for the process of hard and soft tissue healing after surgical treatment. Removal of partially impacted third molars reduced gingival pockets behind second molars. Half of the cases in both groups have thickened the gingiva behind the second molar, which may be indicative of soft tissue compensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]