Contaminación de suelos y aguas por hidrocarburos en Colombia. Análisis de la fitorremediación como estrategia biotecnológica de recuperación.

At the global level, the problems of pollution in both soils and water and air are mainly due to anthropogenic activities; which include the extraction of natural resources, in this particular case of hydrocarbons. The environmental impact that is generated in Colombia due to this situation include the contamination of water sources, fauna and flora deteriodadas or drastic changes in the landscape. Therefore, government entities such as the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development and the National Agency for Licenses EnvironmentalANLA, have developed various strategies of control in order to reduce the impact on the environment. The objetive of this article is to elaborate a synthesis with information about soil and water pollution by hydrocarbons and evaluate phytoremediation as a biotechnology strategy for recovery. It was found that the main source of pollution in soil and water is mainly due to accidental spills during the exploration, extraction, transportation of hydrocarbons; with regard to the recovery, in recent times, there has arisen a phytoremediation as an effective technique to reduce environmental damage in addition to be aesthetically pleasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]