Back to Search Start Over

CX3CR1+ Cell-Mediated Salmonella Exclusion Protects the Intestinal Mucosa during the Initial Stage of Infection.

Authors :
Man, Angela L.
Gicheva, Nadezhda
Regoli, Mari
Rowley, Gary
De Cunto, Giovanna
Wellner, Nikolaus
Bassity, Elizabeth
Gulisano, Massimo
Bertelli, Eugenio
Nicoletti, Claudio
Source :
Journal of Immunology. 1/1/2017, Vol. 198 Issue 1, p335-343. 9p.
Publication Year :
2017

Abstract

During Salmonella Typhimurium infection, intestinal CX3CR1+ cells can either extend transepithelial cellular processes to sample luminal bacteria or, very early after infection, migrate into the intestinal lumen to capture bacteria. However, until now, the biological relevance of the intraluminal migration of CX3CR1+ cells remained to be determined. We addressed this by using a combination of mouse strains differing in their ability to carry out CX3CR1-mediated sampling and intraluminal migration. We observed that the number of S. Typhimurium traversing the epithelium did not differ between sampling-competent/migrationcompetent C57BL/6 and sampling-deficient/migration-competent BALB/c mice. In contrast, in sampling-deficient/migrationdeficient CX3CR1-/- mice the numbers of S. Typhimurium penetrating the epithelium were significantly higher. However, in these mice the number of invading S. Typhimurium was significantly reduced after the adoptive transfer of CX3CR1+ cells directly into the intestinal lumen, consistent with intraluminal CX3CR1+ cells preventing S. Typhimurium from infecting the host. This interpretation was also supported by a higher bacterial fecal load in CX3CR1+/gfp compared with CX3CR1gfp/gfp mice following oral infection. Furthermore, by using real-time in vivo imaging we observed that CX3CR1+ cells migrated into the lumen moving through paracellular channels within the epithelium. Also, we reported that the absence of CX3CR1-mediated sampling did not affect Ab responses to a noninvasive S. Typhimurium strain that specifically targeted the CX3CR1-mediated entry route. These data showed that the rapidly deployed CX3CR1+ cell-based mechanism of immune exclusion is a defense mechanism against pathogens that complements the mucous and secretory IgA Ab-mediated system in the protection of intestinal mucosal surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00221767
Volume :
198
Issue :
1
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
Journal of Immunology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
120389837
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1502559