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The Effects of a Community-Based Sodium Reduction Program in Rural China – A Cluster-Randomized Trial.

Authors :
Li, Nicole
Yan, Lijing L.
Niu, Wenyi
Yao, Chen
Feng, Xiangxian
Zhang, Jianxin
Shi, Jingpu
Zhang, Yuhong
Zhang, Ruijuan
Hao, Zhixin
Chu, Hongling
Zhang, Jing
Li, Xian
Pan, Jianhong
Li, Zhifang
Sun, Jixin
Zhou, Bo
Zhao, Yi
Yu, Yan
Engelgau, Michael
Source :
PLoS ONE. 12/9/2016, Vol. 11 Issue 12, p1-12. 12p.
Publication Year :
2016

Abstract

Background: Average sodium intake and stroke mortality in northern China are both among the highest in the world. An effective, low-cost strategy to reduce sodium intake in this population is urgently needed. Objective: We sought to determine the effects of a community-based sodium reduction program on salt consumption in rural northern China. Design: This study was a cluster-randomized trial done over 18 months in 120 townships (one village from each township) from five provinces. Sixty control villages were compared to 60 intervention villages that were given access to a reduced-sodium, added-potassium salt substitute in conjunction with a community-based health education program focusing on sodium reduction. The primary outcome was the difference in 24-hour urinary sodium excretion between randomized groups. Results: Among 1,903 people with valid 24-hour urine collections, mean urinary sodium excretion in intervention compared with control villages was reduced by 5.5% (-14mmol/day, 95% confidence interval -26 to -1; p = 0.03), potassium excretion was increased by 16% (+7mmol/day, +4 to +10; p<0.001), and sodium to potassium ratio declined by 15% (-0.9, -1.2 to -0.5; p<0.001). Mean blood pressure differences were -1.1 mm Hg systolic (-3.3 to +1.1; p = 0.33) and -0.7 mm Hg diastolic (-2.2 to +0.8, p = 0.35) and the difference in the proportion with hypertension was -1.3% (-5.1 to 2.5, p = 0.56). Conclusion: There were clear differences in population sodium and potassium intake between villages that were most likely a consequence of increased use of salt substitute. The absence of effects on blood pressure reflects the moderate changes in sodium and potassium intake achieved. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19326203
Volume :
11
Issue :
12
Database :
Academic Search Index
Journal :
PLoS ONE
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
120153740
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0166620