Enhanced differential evolution algorithm for coordination of directional overcurrent relays.

This paper presents an enhanced differential evolution algorithm (DE) for solving the directional overcurrent relay (DOCR) coordination problem. Comparisons among different versions of DE for coordination of DOCRs in larger and interconnected power systems are presented. The evaluation criteria consist of fitness value, number of violation and standard deviation. The outstanding DE algorithm has been enhanced in four aspects: dial reduction scheme, elitism and mediocrity scheme, mutation index renew scheme, and population reduction scheme. The enhanced-DE (eDE) shown best result in terms of execution time, result quality, robustness and convergence ability compared to the others analyzed in this research. The IEEE 14 and 57 bus systems are used to validate the proposed algorithm. A significant comparison result between eDE and DE on the IEEE 57 bus network are: execution time in seconds 364 vs. 2040, fitness value 1.933 vs. 7.91, and standard deviation of fitness value 0.018 vs. 5.52. Results are averaged values in 50 runs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]