Behaviour of complexes of f–elements in the environment – An experimental and theoretical analysis.

The paper provides a comprehensive study of lanthanide and actinide complexes to a matter of key area in the field of the chemistry, i.e. environmental analytical chemistry. The content has involved: ( i ) solution and sorption behaviour of lanthanides (Ln n+ , Ln = Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Py, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) onto Y(O)O(H) minerals (Y = Fe, Mn or Si); ( ii ) ligand exchange processes with participation of inorganic OH − , F − , Cl − , Br − , SO 4 2− , SO 3 2− , IO 3 − , NO 3 2− , CO 3 2− and/or HCO 3 − ligands as well as mixed ligand complexes, including solvent molecules such as {[LnOR] 2+ }, {[Ln(OR) 2 ] + } (R = CH 3 OH, CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH) and {[Ln(CH 3 CN) x (H 2 O) z ] 3+ } ( x = 6–8, z = 0–4); ( iii ) the actinide speciation has involved different oxidation states (+4)–(+6) and ions {[UOH] 3+ }, {[UX] 3+ } (X = F or Cl), {[UF x ] y+/- } ( x = 2–6, y = 0–2), {[U(CO 3 ) x ] y- } (x = 4 or 5, y = 4 or 6), {[U(SO 4 )] 2+ ], {[U(NO 3 )] 3+ }, {[U(NO 3 ) 2 ] 2+ }, [[UO 2 (CO 3 ) 3 ] 5- }, {[(UO 2 ) x (OH) z ] y+/- } ( x = 1–4, y = 1 or 2, z = 1–7), {[UO 2 F x ] y+/- } ( x = 1–4, y = 1 or 2), {[UO 2 (CO 3 ) x ] y- } ( x = 2, or 3, y = 2, or 4), {[(UO 2 ) 2 (CO 3 )(OH) 3 ] - }, {[(UO 2 ) 3 O(OH) 2 (HCO 3 )] + }, {[(UO 2 ) 11 (CO 3 ) 6 (OH) 12 ] 2- }, {[UO 2 (SO 4 ) x ] y- }, ( x = 2 or 3, y = 2 or 4), {[UO 2 SiO(OH) 3 ] + }, {[AnC x ] y+/- } (x,y = 1 and 2), {[CAnH] +/− }, {[C x An y ] 0 } (x,y = 2 and 3), {[AnH x ] y+ } (x = 1–3, y = 0–5), {[AnX n ] m+/- } (n = 1–6, m = 1–4, X = F − , Br − , I − ), {[AnO x F z ] y+/- } (x, z = 1 or 2, y = 0, 1 and 2), {[AnN x ] y+ } (x = 1 and 2), {[An x O z (OH) n ] y+/- } (x = 1–3, z = 1–4, y = 0, 1 or 2, n = 0 or 1) and An n+ (n = 0–6) at An = Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No and Lr, respectively. Correlation analysis between thermodynamic parameters, accounting for different surface interactions of adsorbed species and experimental mass spectrometric data, including liquid, semi–liquid and solid–state measurements in a large set of experimental conditions such as pH = 2–13, low and intermediate ionic strength, solvent type, ε = 0–78.0, variety of solvent proton accepting and donating numbers and T = 25–400 °C has carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]