Baccharis dracunculifolia methanol extract enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic islets of monosodium glutamate induced-obesity model rats.

Context: Obesity is the main risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Secondary metabolites with biological activities and pharmacological potential have been identified in species of theBaccharisgenus that are specifically distributed in the Americas. Objective: This study evaluated the effects of methanol extracts fromBaccharis dracunculifoliaDC. Asteraceae on metabolic parameters, satiety, and growth in monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced-obesity model rats. Materials and methods: MSG was administered to 32 newborn rats (4 mg/g of body weight) once daily for 5 consecutive days. Four experimental groups (control, control + extract, MSG, and MSG + extract) were treated for 30 consecutive days with 400 mg/kg ofB. dracunculifoliaextract by gavage. Biochemical parameters, antioxidant activity, total extract phenolic content (methanolic, ethanolic, and acetone extractions), and pancreatic islets were evaluated. Results: High levels of phenolic compounds were identified inB. dracunculifoliaextracts (methanol: 46.2 ± 0.4 mg GAE/L; acetate: 70.5 ± 0.5 mg GAE/L; and ethanol: 30.3 ± 0.21 mg GAE/L); high antioxidant activity was detected inB. dracunculifoliaethanol and methanol extracts. The concentration of serum insulin increased 30% in obese animals treated with extract solutions (1.4–2.0 µU/mL,p < 0.05). Insulin secretion in pancreatic islets was 8.3 mM glucose (58%,p < 0.05) and 16.7 mM (99.5%,p < 0.05) in rats in the MSG + extract and MSG groups, respectively. Discussion and conclusion: Treatment withB. dracunculifoliaextracts protected pancreatic islets and prevented the irreversible cellular damage observed in animals in obesity and diabetes models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]