Evaluation of utility transformers' lifespan with different levels of grid-connected photovoltaic systems penetration.

This paper evaluates how grid-connected photovoltaic penetration level would affect utility transformers by changing the thermal stress to which these components are subjected. The analyses carried out used typical commercial and residential load curves, and considered variations in photovoltaic penetration, load and weather data. In addition, a loss analysis was carried out for a typical 100 kVA transformer in each of the simulated situations. According to the calculations, an extension in the lifespan of the transformer could be achieved depending on the matching between PV generation and demand, which may represent financial gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]