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The role of digestive factors in determining glycemic response in a multiethnic Asian population.
- Source :
-
European Journal of Nutrition . Jun2016, Vol. 55 Issue 4, p1573-1581. 9p. 3 Charts, 2 Graphs. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Purpose: There are wide inter-individual differences in glycemic response (GR). We aimed to examine key digestive parameters that influence inter-individual and ethnic differences in GR in healthy Asian individuals. Methods: Seventy-five healthy male subjects (25 Chinese, 25 Malays, and 25 Asian-Indians) were served equivalent available carbohydrate amounts (50 g) of jasmine rice (JR) and basmati rice (BR) on separate occasions. Postprandial blood glucose concentrations were measured at fasting (−5 and 0 min) and at 15- to 30-min interval over 180 min. Mastication parameters (number of chews per mouth and chewing time per mouthful), saliva α-amylase activity, AMY1 gene copy numbers and gastric emptying rate were measured to investigate their relationships with GR. Results: The GR for jasmine rice was significantly higher than for basmati rice ( P < 0.001). The median number of AMY1 gene copies was 6, with a range of 2-15. There was a significant positive relationship between AMY1 copy number and α-amylase activity ( P = 0.002). There were no significant ethnic differences in GR. For both rice varieties, the number of chews per mouthful was positively associated with the GR (JR, P = 0.011; BR, P = 0.005), while chewing time per mouthful showed a negative association (JR, P = 0.039; BR, P = 0.016). Ethnicity, salivary α-amylase activity, particle size distribution, gastric emptying rate and AMY1 gene copy numbers were not significant contributors to GR ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Mastication parameters contribute significantly to GR. Eating slowly and having larger food boluses before swallowing (less chewing), both potentially modifiable, may be beneficial in glycemic control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *GENES
*BODY composition
*SALIVA analysis
*AMYLASES
*ANTHROPOMETRY
*ASIANS
*BLOOD pressure measurement
*BLOOD sugar
*CHINESE people
*CLINICAL trials
*CONFIDENCE intervals
*CROSSOVER trials
*ETHNIC groups
*CARBOHYDRATE content of food
*GASTROINTESTINAL motility
*INGESTION
*MASTICATION
*MATHEMATICS
*PLETHYSMOGRAPHY
*POLYMERASE chain reaction
*PROBABILITY theory
*REGRESSION analysis
*RICE
*STATISTICAL sampling
*T-test (Statistics)
*STATISTICAL power analysis
*STATISTICAL significance
*RANDOMIZED controlled trials
*DATA analysis software
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14366207
- Volume :
- 55
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- European Journal of Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 115529574
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-0976-0