Factors associated with risk for assisted living among community-dwelling older Japanese.

Objectives To clarify the factors associated with risk for assisted living among community-dwelling older people, we conducted a large-scale survey in an urban city in Japan. Design Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting A mid-sized urban city in western Japan with a population of approximately 410,000. Participants Nondisabled and nondemented community-dwelling older people (≥65 years). Measurements A self-administered postal questionnaire, including a health checklist for the screening of older people at high risk for assisted living, as well as demographic/sociodemographic questions on sex, age, present illness, living alone, duration of residence within the current city, community participation, and employment status, was distributed. Results There were 41,796 returned questionnaires (response rate: 73.8%, average age: 72.0). Participants who were at high risk for assisted living accounted for 25.2%. The independent factors associated with risk for men and women were higher age, present illness, lack of community participation, unemployment, and <20 years of residence. Living alone was a significant factor for men, whereas it was insignificant among women. The types of illnesses among people at risk were different between men and women. Conclusion Higher age, present illness, and several social factors were independently associated with high-risk status for assisted living in the large-scale whole community survey, and there was a sex difference. Our results may provide basic information for the further application of effective preventive intervention in the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]