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Sample size calculations for micro-randomized trials in mHealth.
- Source :
-
Statistics in Medicine . 5/30/2016, Vol. 35 Issue 12, p1944-1971. 28p. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- The use and development of mobile interventions are experiencing rapid growth. In "just-in-time" mobile interventions, treatments are provided via a mobile device, and they are intended to help an individual make healthy decisions 'in the moment,' and thus have a proximal, near future impact. Currently, the development of mobile interventions is proceeding at a much faster pace than that of associated data science methods. A first step toward developing data-based methods is to provide an experimental design for testing the proximal effects of these just-in-time treatments. In this paper, we propose a 'micro-randomized' trial design for this purpose. In a micro-randomized trial, treatments are sequentially randomized throughout the conduct of the study, with the result that each participant may be randomized at the 100s or 1000s of occasions at which a treatment might be provided. Further, we develop a test statistic for assessing the proximal effect of a treatment as well as an associated sample size calculator. We conduct simulation evaluations of the sample size calculator in various settings. Rules of thumb that might be used in designing a micro-randomized trial are discussed. This work is motivated by our collaboration on the HeartSteps mobile application designed to increase physical activity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 02776715
- Volume :
- 35
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Statistics in Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 114853460
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6847