基于立式辊机构的青毛豆脱荚装置力学分析与试验.

In 2014, soybean production was 179 million tons, and planting area was 102.1 million square hectare in China. China has become the fourth largest soybean production country after the United States, Brazil and Argentina over the world. However, the green soybean harvest still rely on manual power, what’s more, harvesting has taken up the large part of labor force in green soybean planting, accounting for over 40% of the total labor force. The operation of pod taking off is a key link in the process of green soybean mechanization harvest, and meanwhile, it is a core factor and technology which seriously influences the equipment performances. The structure style of the device of pod taking off and its parameters selected for working directly determine its harvest capability of fresh soybeans and other legume crops. Therefore, a green soybean separation experiment device of 5TDS-00 type manufactured by Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization was designed to research the separation properties of green soybeans based on striking, in order to seek the optimal combination of the factors influencing the separation effect. This experiment device of pod taking off consisted of rollers of pod taking off , conveying mechanism, angle adjuster, distance adjuster, driving speed-adjusting motor, roller speed-adjusting motor and so on. The device was driven by motor and fed by chain conveyor, and could realize step-less speed regulation under the coordination of angle adjuster, distance adjuster and adjustable speed motor. After striking, the green soybean would generate the variable motion inertia force, which could overcome the pod-handle connection force so as to achieve the objective of separation. The energy collision model of the separation process and the mechanical model of pod-handle separation were constructed based on the principle of energy conservation. Quantitative analysis was done to verify the energy collision model and the mechanical model. The roller speed, feeding speed and roller distance were supposed to be the main influence factors. In the end, focusing on “Xiaonongqiuyan” and “Doutong 6” varieties, the experimental investigations were carried out. The test green soybean was derived from Hentang Export Vegetable Base in Changshu City, Jiangsu Province, and the sample collecting dates were from August 1st to 7th in 2014. Under the same climatic condition, the samples possessing the similar shape and quality could be chosen. After that the rapid refrigeration was needed and the storage temperature was set at -2-0℃. Moreover, the research should be completed within 24 h. The results showed that the crop variety had little impact on damage rate and separation rate. The order of the aggregative indicators according to their influence from major to minor was the roller speed, the feeding speed and the roller distance. When the roller speed was set at 600 r/min and the roller distance was set to 18 mm, and at the same time, the feeding speed was set at 0.3 m/s, the harvest rate could attain 99.0% and the damage rate could be reduced to 2.4%, achieving a good comprehensive property. The prototype field experiments showed that the production efficiency could be up to 3-5 mu every hour, which was more than 20 times the manual operation. The result of this paper can provide a theoretical foundation for the design of the green bean harvest device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]