Induction chemotherapy with docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil followed by randomization to two cisplatin-based concomitant chemoradiotherapy schedules in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (CONDOR study) (Dutch Head and Neck Society 08-01): A randomized phase II study

Purpose: To study the feasibility of induction chemotherapy added to concomitant cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (LAHNC). Patients and methods: LAHNC patients were treated with 4 courses of docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (TPF) followed by randomization to either cisplatin 100 mg/m2 with conventional radiotherapy (cis100 + RT) or cisplatin 40 mg/m2 weekly with accelerated radiotherapy (cis40 + ART). Primary endpoint was feasibility, defined as receiving ≥90% of the scheduled total radiation dose. Based on power analysis 70 patients were needed. Results: 65 patients were enrolled. The data safety monitoring board advised to prematurely terminate the study, because only 22% and 41% (32% in total) of the patients treated with cis100 + RT (n = 27) and cis40 + ART (n = 29) could receive the planned dose cisplatin during CRT, respectively, even though the primary endpoint was reached. Most common grade 3-4 toxicity was febrile neutropenia (18%) during TPF and dehydration (26% vs 14%), dysphagia (26% vs 24%) and mucositis (22% vs 57%) during cis100 + RT and cis40 + ART, respectively. For the patients treated with cis100 + RT and cis40 + ART, two years progression free survival and overall survival were 70% and 78% versus 72% and 79%, respectively. Conclusion: After TPF induction chemotherapy, cisplatin-containing CRT is not feasible in LAHNC patients, because the total planned cisplatin dose could only be administered in 32% of the patients due to toxicity. However, all but 2 patients received more than 90% of the planned radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]