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Level of education and multiple sclerosis risk after adjustment for known risk factors: The EnvIMS study.
- Source :
-
Multiple Sclerosis Journal . Jan2016, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p104-111. 8p. 2 Charts, 1 Graph. - Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background: Several recent studies have found a higher risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) among people with a low level of education. This has been suggested to reflect an effect of smoking and lower vitamin D status in the social class associated with lower levels of education. Objective: The objective of this paper is to investigate the association between level of education and MS risk adjusting for the known risk factors smoking, infectious mononucleosis, indicators of vitamin D levels and body size. Methods: Within the case-control study on Environmental Factors In MS (EnvIMS), 953 MS patients and 1717 healthy controls from Norway reported educational level and history of exposure to putative environmental risk factors. Results: Higher level of education were associated with decreased MS risk (p trend = 0.001) with an OR of 0.53 (95% CI 0.41–0.68) when comparing those with the highest and lowest level of education. This association was only moderately reduced after adjusting for known risk factors (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.44–0.83). The estimates remained similar when cases with disease onset before age 28 were excluded. Conclusion: These findings suggest that factors related to lower socioeconomic status other than established risk factors are associated with MS risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 13524585
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Multiple Sclerosis Journal
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 111819201
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458515579444