Polarization reconfigurable patch antenna with electric current disturbance.

A polarization reconfigurable patch antenna with electric current disturbance is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna mainly consists of a rhombus-shaped patch with a single feed, two conductive pads with a via hole, and two PIN diodes. The antenna can produce the linear polarization (LP), right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) by adjusting bias state of two PIN diodes. Besides, positions of the PIN diodes help that a bias circuit can be simply designed. The fabricated antenna provides a 10-dB bandwidth of 50 MHz in the two-off state of PIN diodes (LP, 2.635–2.685 GHz), 60 MHz in the two-on state of PIN diodes (LP, 2.625–2.685 GHz), 100 MHz in the RHCP and LHCP (2.57–2.67 GHz). Besides, it has −3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 55 MHz in the circular polarization states. Details of the antenna design are shown, and the simulated and measured results for the constructed prototype are also presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]