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Mechanism of neutrophil activation and toxicity elicited by engineered nanomaterials.
- Source :
-
Toxicology in Vitro . Aug2015, Vol. 29 Issue 5, p1172-1184. 13p. - Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- The effects of nanomaterials (NMs) on biological systems, especially their ability to stimulate inflammatory responses requires urgent investigation. We evaluated the response of the human differentiated HL60 neutrophil-like cell line to NMs. It was hypothesised that NM physico-chemical characteristics would influence cell responsiveness by altering intracellular Ca 2+ concentration [Ca 2+ ] i and reactive oxygen species production. Cells were exposed (1.95–125 μg/ml, 24 h) to silver (Ag), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or ultrafine carbon black (ufCB) and cytotoxicity assessed (alamar blue assay). Relatively low (TiO 2 , MWCNTs, ufCB) or high (Ag, ZnO) cytotoxicity NMs were identified. Sub-lethal impacts of NMs on cell function were investigated for selected NMs only, namely TiO 2 , Ag and ufCB. Only Ag stimulated cell activation. Within minutes, Ag stimulated an increase in [Ca 2+ ] i (in Fura-2 loaded cells), and a prominent inward ion current (assessed by electrophysiology). Within 2–4 h, Ag increased superoxide anion release and stimulated cytokine production (MCP-1, IL-8) that was diminished by Ca 2+ inhibitors or trolox. Light microscopy demonstrated that cells had an activated phenotype. In conclusion NM toxicity was ranked; Ag > ufCB > TiO 2 , and the battery of tests used provided insight into the mechanism of action of NM toxicity to guide future testing strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 08872333
- Volume :
- 29
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Toxicology in Vitro
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 102982921
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2015.04.021