The first Arabic translations of Enlightenment literature: The Damietta circle of the 1800s and 1810s.

The article examines the circle of translators who produced scientific, fictional and historical literature of the Enlightenment, which they translated from Greek and other languages into Arabic language. The translators led by the Greek Orthodox priest ‘Īsā Petro were supported by the Fakhr family and Syrian Christian merchants in the Egyptian port of Damietta between 1808 and 1818. The translations covered various learning such as history, travel and natural science.