ANÁLISE DOS FATORES DE RISCO ENVOLVIDOS NA FORMAÇÃO DA PLACA DE ATEROMA, COM ÊNFASE NO FATOR DE RISCO DISLIPIDEMIA E A REPERCUSÃO SOBRE A ARTÉRIA CARÓTIDA.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial origin that occurs in response to endothelial aggression. Primarily affects the tunica intima of arteries of medium and large caliber. Although clinically "silent", with slow development, the first clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis usually often be a major cardiovascular event: myocardial infarction, stroke or sudden death. Lesions in the carotid arteries are in 90% of cases located at the origin of the internal carotid arteries and atherosclerotic plaque rupture progresses with a large number of inflammatory cells. Everything starts, possibly from endothelial injury, causing the foam cells and the subsequent migration of smooth muscle cells of the tunica media layer to the intima. Still observed the proliferation of fibroblasts and smooth, with production of elastic fibers and collagen muscle fibers, resulting together in eccentric thickening of the artery wall, and not infrequently in the reduction of the vascular lumen: this is the atherosclerotic plaque. Moreover, degeneration of the plate leads to the emergence of ulcers, fissures and cracks that lead to thrombosis and embolism with evolution. Furthermore, in atherosclerosis, the ability to relax vascular endothelial impairment is reduced by modulating the clinical course of this and other cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and heart failure, with their clinical outcomes. Thus, due to the importance of carotid atherosclerosis in the development of ischemic stroke, this study aims to gather information about the influence of dyslipidemia in the development of atherosclerosis and its repercussions in vascular diseases with emphasis on the carotid artery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]