Parasitism disruption a likely consequence of belowground war waged by exotic plant invader.

The article focuses on the parasitic effects of invasive plant species garlic mustard, Alliaria petiolata of the genus Brassicaceae, on mycorrhizal mutualisms and co-occurring mixotrophic parasites. Topics discussed include the processes by which Alliaria petiolata affects mycorrhizal mutualisms, the trophic role of Monotropa hypopitys, and the shade tolerance of Alliaria. The relationships between Monotropa hypopitys, Monotropa uniflora and Pterospora andromedea are described.