Disbudding of goat kids.

Disbudding of goat kids is an elective procedure performed routinely. The procedure is considered an act of veterinary surgery (in accordance with the Veterinary Surgeons Act, 1966). Potential complications can arise as a result of the use of general anaesthesia in neonates, the low therapeutic index of local anaesthetics for small ruminants and potential risk of thermal necrosis of the brain if excessive pressure or duration of heat is applied. This article reviews the legislation, anaesthetics and techniques involved to reduce the risks for maximum efficacy and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]