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This article explores how the creation of a community of practice among early-career librarians effectively fosters change in academic libraries. The authors distributed a survey to evaluate the needs of untenured faculty librarians at their institution and assess the best approach to address these needs. The results indicated that their library's established model of mentorship between untenured and tenured colleagues left gaps that could be best met through the creation of a peer support group. The authors share the survey results, indicate the implications from these findings, and suggest how librarians at other institutions can implement similar communities of practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No study has unequivocally proven that chemotherapy prolongs overall survival (OS) in advanced esophageal cancer. We conducted a Phase III randomized study in first‐line advanced unresectable/metastatic esophageal/GEJ cancer. Patients aged 18–70 years, with performance status 0–2, were randomized to best supportive care (BSC) alone, or BSC with weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m2. BSC comprised, as indicated, education, counselling, radiation, stenting, feeding tube placement, nutritional supplementation, medications like analgesics, and referral to a support group and palliative care. The primary endpoint was OS; secondary endpoints included progression free survival (PFS), response, toxicity, and QoL. Between May 2016–December 2020, we recruited 281 patients: 143 to chemotherapy and 138 to BSC. Histopathology was squamous in 269 (95.7%) patients. Median number of paclitaxel doses was 12 (IQR, 7–23). Median OS was 4.2 months (95% CI, 3.42–5.32) in BSC, and 9.2 months (95% CI, 8.02–10.48) in chemotherapy; HR, 0.49 (95% CI, 0.39–0.64); p <.001. As compared to BSC, chemotherapy increased response (2.9% to 39%), median PFS (2.1 to 4.2 months), 1‐year OS (11% to 32%), 2‐year OS (0 to 9%), median dysphagia‐free survival (2.9 to 14.8 months), and global and esophagus‐specific QoL, without significantly increasing all‐grade or grade ≥3 toxicities. Using ESMO clinical benefit scale and ASCO Value Framework, palliative chemotherapy scored as having "substantial value." Our study provides the first level 1 evidence that chemotherapy prolongs survival in advanced esophageal/GEJ carcinoma. BSC alone is no longer appropriate. Weekly paclitaxel is an attractive option, especially in LMICs with limited access to immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the multifaceted character of depression and its related symptoms, an adolescent living with it is at increased risk for a wide range of adverse events. This research aimed to understand and characterize the psychosocial rehabilitation experiences of depressed teenage participants in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. A cross-sectional semi-structured interview design influenced by an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) technique was adopted. We employed a nonprobability, purposeful sampling approach to recruit twenty-one adolescents (6 males, 15 females) diagnosed with depression from the community after one month of discharge from admission and undergoing psychosocial rehabilitation. Using separate interviews, we gathered and analyzed data using interpretive phenomenological analysis to produce themes and sub-themes. These were presented with the participants' direct quotations. We discovered that the perspectives of adolescents' psychosocial rehabilitation experience include hopelessness and suicide ideation, coping difficulties, undesirable attitudes from support networks, challenges related to school, and isolation. Participants suggested appropriate therapeutic environments, encouraging support systems, and the media's role in preventing and treating depression among young people as rehabilitation approaches that could assist adolescents to remain lucid for longer intervals. These results shed light on the tragic realities faced by depressed adolescents. There is an urgent need to put well-defined structures in place to aid their rehabilitation and develop coping strategies for a better life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Between 2018 and 2025, a national implementation programme is funding more than 500 new mental health support teams (MHSTs) in England, to work in education settings to deliver evidence-based interventions to children with mild to moderate mental health problems and support emotional wellbeing for all pupils. A new role, education mental health practitioner (EMHP), has been created for the programme. Aims: A national evaluation explored the development, implementation and early progress of 58 MHSTs in the programme's first 25 'Trailblazer' sites. This paper reports the views and experiences of people involved in MHST design, implementation and service delivery at a local, regional and national level. Methods: Data are reported from in-depth interviews with staff in five Trailblazer sites (n = 71), and the programme's regional (n = 52) and national leads (n = 21). Results: Interviewees universally welcomed the creation of MHSTs, but there was a lack of clarity about their purpose, concerns that the standardised CBT interventions being offered were not working well for some children, and challenges retaining EMHPs. Conclusions: This study raises questions about MHSTs' service scope, what role they should play in addressing remaining gaps in mental health provision, and how EMHPs can develop the skills to work effectively with diverse groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers have drawn attention to people's perceptions of reproductive health in Vietnam. Disabled people in Vietnam have been shown to have particularly low awareness and knowledge of reproductive health, in particular, women with disabilities have varied reproductive health knowledge because some of them have access to better reproductive health information than others. In this situation, non-government organizations (NGOs) and self-help groups (SHGs) contributed great value and provided a great resource for people with disabilities. This article explores the important roles of NGOs and SHGs, as they provide reproductive health information to people with disabilities. This article is concluded with some recommendations and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autistic people demonstrate poor outcomes on objective measures of wellbeing, yet research centring lived experience provides a more nuanced picture. There is growing support for person-centred, holistic and community approaches to enhancing wellbeing for autistic people. Social prescribing may be one such approach. This qualitative study explored the concept of wellbeing for autistic adults – including barriers and self-management – and the implications of this for modifying social prescribing. It involved semi-structured interviews with 21 autistic adults in the UK. Reflexive thematic analysis of the data supports research suggesting that self-determination may underlie many aspects of wellbeing for autistic people. The COVID-19 pandemic provided new opportunities to develop wellbeing strategies but also had negative impacts. Social prescribing could promote self-determination by signposting autistic people to peer support opportunities building on intrinsic interests. Points of interest: This interview-based study asked autistic adults to define wellbeing in their own words. The ability to pursue personal wellbeing goals and interests encouraged feelings of competence, connection, acceptance and a positive identity. Social and environmental factors, as well as autistic traits, could have both positive and negative impacts on wellbeing. Receiving an autism diagnosis and accessing support promoted rather than diminished independence and choice, suggesting a need for support should not be considered a poor outcome for autistic people and an accurate diagnosis at any age can be helpful Social prescribing approaches, which connect people to community-based supports, could assist autistic adults with finding and approaching supportive communities and building on interests to enhance wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass violence incidents (MVIs) result in significant psychological distress for survivors and the broader community. Support services (mental health services, support groups, religious support) can buffer negative effects of MVIs and facilitate recovery. However, the extent to which community members are aware of and use support services post-MVIs is unknown. A probability sample of 5991 adults (M ean age = 45.6, SD = 17.6), mostly female (53%) and White (71%), were recruited from six communities that had experienced an MVI. Participants answered questions on their awareness and use of support services after the MVI and completed measures assessing predisposing, enabling, and need factors that may influence service use. Approximately 20% of participants reported they were aware of mental health services, 20% reported awareness of support groups, and 16% reported awareness of religious support. Younger participants with higher income (predisposing factors), high social support (enabling factor), and direct MVI exposure and psychological distress (need factors) were more likely to report awareness of support services. Of those aware of services, approximately 21% reported using support services. Those with direct MVI exposure and psychological distress were more likely to use each type of service. Otherwise, use of mental health services, support groups, and religious support varied across predisposing factors (race, age, income). Overall, findings suggest there is limited awareness of support services post-MVI, despite the well-documented mental health burden after these incidents. This suggests the need for improved communication about available services after MVIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the psychosocial outcomes of sexual and gender minorities (SGM) youth attending a community social support group in Central Texas from October 2019 to October 2020. SGM youth are at an increased risk of experiencing depression and social challenges due to hetero and cis-normative social norms. This study examined the efficacy of a group intervention for addressing the challenges of 128 SGM youth who participated in this study. Data collection included levels of social support and depression. Analysis between three groups, newcomers (n = 67), <6 months attendance (n = 30), and >6 months attendance (n = 29), found significant differences among Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale 10 total scores, peer support, significant other support, and overall support with greater support seen in participants with greater attendance. We provide recommendations for community-based organizations to better serve SGM youth per our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The use of peer support workers to support suicidal adolescents is underdeveloped. This study focuses on the effects of a one-year intervention with peer support workers on a chronically suicidal adolescent residing in a secure residential youth care facility in the Netherlands. Moreover, we explore the mechanisms that underpin the role of peer support workers in detail. Method: This study employed a single case study design. We conducted seven semi-structured interviews with staff, peer support workers, and a chronically suicidal adolescent. The interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis. Results: The results indicate that the suicidal tendencies of the adolescent decreased significantly one year after the peer support intervention compared to the initial baseline. Working mechanisms that underpinned the peer support intervention emphasized building meaningful and trust-based relationships, providing recognition and hope, and practical support from a recovery-oriented perspective. Conclusion: The results suggest that peer support has a beneficial impact on the adolescent and treatment teams. Peer support workers contribute to a sense of belonging and connection, coping with suicidality, rediscovering life goals, and improving adolescent self-management. Barriers and facilitators to implementing peer support workers are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eldercare workers experience higher levels of moral distress than other health and social care service workers. Moral distress is a psychological response to a morally challenging event. Very little is known about moral distress in the context of eldercare and about the mechanisms of preventing or mitigating moral distress. This qualitative study was conducted as part of the "Ensuring the availability of staff and the attractiveness of the sector in eldercareservices" project in Finland in 2021. The data were from 39 semi-structured interviews. This qualitative interview data were examined using two-stage content analysis. The key finding of this study, as reported by eldercare professionals, is that strategies to mitigate moral distress can be found at all organizational levels : organizational, workplace and individual. The tools that emerged from the interviews fell into four main categories: 1) organizational support and education 2) peer support 3) improving self-care and competence and 4) defending patients. The main identified categories confirmed the earlier findings but the qualitative, rich research interview data provided new insights into a little-studied topic: mitigating moral distress in eldercare. The main conclusion is that, in order to mitigate moral distress, ethical competence needs to be strengthened at all organizational levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In England and Wales, Approved Mental Health Professionals (AMHPs) have the ultimate responsibility, based on doctors' medical recommendations, for deciding to detain a person, without consent, under the Mental Health Act (1983). The work can be traumatic, yet its emotional impacts are often unacknowledged. Consistent themes include erratic levels of supervision and an overdependence on peer support, despite the longstanding recruitment and retention difficulties arising from high levels of stress and burnout. This article draws on findings from two research projects with AMHP services: one a national study using questionnaires and focus groups, and the other a doctoral research study using ethnography. Findings suggest that a lack of peer support, teamwork and debrief opportunities, exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, intensified stress and burnout ('buckling under') as well as undermining socialising opportunities for trainees. AMHPs used metaphoric language to articulate their difficult experiences. Workplace environments including hot-desking and lone working may undermine casework discussions, social relations, informal peer support and supervision. Overall, AMHPs perceive their teammates as an essential source of support (a 'safety net') without which there are negative implications for practice. Ultimately, stress is exacerbated when there is no space to reflect and no team to do this with. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstinence self-efficacy, belief in one's ability to abstain, has been identified as a predictor of substance use behavior change. Yet, many people who use substances do not want to abstain. Self-efficacy for achieving a range of goals (i.e. abstinence or harm reduction) would be more widely applicable and might also predict substance use behavior change. The current study reports on the development of the Harm Reduction Self-Efficacy Scale (HRSES), adapted from the Situational Confidence Questionnaire and other measures of behavioral regulation, to assess one's self-efficacy to limit their substance use consistent with their own substance use goals. Participants were recruited from online support groups for individuals with varied personal goals for substance use. The current primary analyses included 226 individuals who completed the HRSES. Using exploratory factor analysis, we found support for a four-factor solution reflecting self-efficacy in different situations that might promote substance use: negative emotions and situations, positive social situations, low self-regulation, and pleasant emotions. Each subscale was generally negatively correlated with substance use and positively correlated with quality of life, indicating greater self-efficacy was associated with less substance use and greater quality of life. Additional work is needed to test the psychometric properties of the HRSES, particularly confirmation of the factor structure in larger and more racially and ethnically diverse samples. The HRSES has promising psychometric properties and high clinical utility with wider applicability to a range of substance use goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intimate partner violence (IPV) transcends cultural, social and economic boundaries, affecting countless individuals globally. Recovery for IPV survivors is supported by their social networks, yet the readiness of these networks is often poorly understood. This perspective paper proposes an extension to existing network‐oriented IPV support models by integrating a focus on the readiness and well‐being of informal supporters towards the goal of enhancing IPV survivor recovery through effective networks. This paper presents the extended social network‐oriented support model, incorporating the Informal Supporter Readiness Inventory. This tool assesses the readiness of informal supporters, incorporating factors, such as normative and individual beliefs about IPV, and context‐specific factors, to enable identification and targeted assistance where needed. Additionally, the proposed model emphasises the importance of supporting the well‐being of informal supporters, who frequently endure elevated levels of stress, anxiety and depression. By integrating these elements, the extended social network‐oriented support model is designed to help professional supporters foster resilient and sustainable support networks for IPV survivors, with potential applicability across various healthcare disciplines. The extended model underscores the necessity of assessing and fostering both the readiness and well‐being of informal supporters to enhance the recovery journey for IPV survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peer support is a collaborative practice where people with lived experience of mental health conditions engage in supporting like‐minded. Peer support impacts on personal recovery and empowerment and creates value at an organisational level. However, the implementation of peer support into existing mental health services is often impeded by barriers embedded in organisational culture and support in role expectations. Non‐peer professionals' recovery orientation and attitudes towards peer support workers (PSWs) are essential factors in the implementation of peer support, and this study explored non‐peer professionals' understanding of recovery and their attitudes towards PSWs joining existing community mental health teams in one region of Denmark. In total, 17 non‐peer professionals participated in three focus groups. Thematic analysis led to three themes: (1) Recovery is a process of "getting better" and balancing personal and clinical perspectives; (2) Realising recovery‐oriented practice: a challenging task with conflicting values; and (3) Expectations and concerns about peer support workers joining the team. Recovery‐oriented practice faces challenging conditions in contemporary mental health services due to a dominant focus on biomedical aspects in care and treatment. Implementation facilitators and barriers in the employment of PSWs point towards fundamental aspects that must be present when employing PSWs in an organisation. The issues described leading up to the employment of PSWs reflected in this study underpin the importance of preparing an organisation for the employment of PSWs based on the available knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducted in-depth, largely unstructured interviews with 31 involved family members in a metropolitan area of the United States (US) Midwest on their experiences of BPD in a close relative. Narrative analysis employing concepts from anthropology (the logic of care and family assemblage) was used to examine the nature and quality of care practices and identify human, environmental, and cultural supports needed for family recovery. Findings indicate that these US family caregivers provided intensive and extensive care over the long term. They acted in situations of risk to their relative, and often disconnected from professional support. Parents labored under unforgiving normalizations: judgments (real or perceived) of not properly raising or "launching" their children and norms of parental self-sacrifice. The dearth of housing options for the young person hindered recovery. While duly recognizing the care practices provided by family members for a relative with BPD, I argue that there is a significant omission. Our conceptualizing of supports for family members of a relative with BPD needs to encompass supports for their own recovery. Respite, mental health care for caregivers, housing, support groups, and collaborative care (with professionals, peers and family members) could productively assist recovery of all family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peer support models of service provision have become increasingly prevalent in recent decades across multiple health and human services fields. In this scoping review, we examine peer support work within the context of intimate partner violence (IPV) service provision, including an examination of how this approach is conceptualized, the mechanisms underlying it, the impact of professionalism, and the benefits and challenges experienced by IPV peer support workers (PSWs). Three social science databases were searched with keywords related to IPV and peer support work, with additional articles and materials identified via targeted Google searches. The final sample of materials meeting criteria for the study (i.e., focusing on trained peer workers and their experiences serving IPV survivor clients) includes 10 papers and reports published from 1983 to 2022. We find that peer support work is conceptualized as a holistic alternative to traditional forms of IPV service provision, and that PSWs are viewed as occupying a unique role in relation to clients that enhances their ability to provide comprehensive care. However, we also identify several challenges resulting from the increasing professionalization of the IPV field, including a lack of role clarity for PSWs, a need to balance structure and flexibility in peer work service settings, and skepticism toward PSWs from credentialed professionals. Lastly, we find that although PSWs experience advantages from providing services, including enhanced personal growth and healing, they also navigate challenges related to maintaining their own emotional well-being and would benefit from additional training and institutional support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the social capital of families with children with neurodevelopmental disabilities in South India receiving a community‐based early intervention (Enabling Inclusion®) program and to explore determinants and associations between social capital and program duration, socio‐demographic factors, family empowerment, and caregiver burden. Method: Using purposive sampling in a cross‐sectional study design, 217 families (n = 71 received short Enabling Inclusion [<5 months]; n = 146 received long Enabling Inclusion [>9 months]) were recruited and completed the Short Adapted Social Capital Tool (SASCAT: cognitive, structural), measures of family empowerment, and caregiver strain. Descriptive statistics, regression, and correlations were used for analyses. Results: In 52.1% of participants, low cognitive and structural social capital was observed. Higher odds of low structural social capital were observed for mothers with primary versus secondary education (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13–0.90; p = 0.029); and caregivers of children with cerebral palsy versus autism (OR = 4.66; 95% CI 1.02–21.21; p = 0.046). Significant associations were found between structural social capital, the child's age, and support group membership (χ2 = 6.29; 4.70; degrees of freedom [df] = 2; 1; p = 0.04; p = 0.02 respectively), as well as between cognitive social capital and other disability in the family (χ2 = 4.62, df = 1, p = 0.03). Interpretation: While program duration was not found to mediate social capital, mother's education and child's diagnosis emerged as key influential factors, warranting their consideration in interventions supporting families of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities in low‐ and‐middle‐income countries and elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the interest in online and in‐person psychological support services in Italy during the COVID‐19 pandemic, stimulated by the implementation of the government‐issued 'bonus psicologo' for psychotherapy sessions. Methods and Measures: Public interest was measured using data from Google Trends, a resource that offers open access to actual search requests, within the time frame of 2 July 2017 to 13 November 2022. These data were stratified for Italian regions to explore regional differences. We conducted interrupted time series analyses to assess changes in interest before, during and after the lockdown. Results: Results indicated a significant increase in interest in online psychological support during the lockdown, which was sustained over time and was positively correlated with the implementation of the 'bonus psicologo' (p <.001). Interest in in‐person support decreased during the lockdown but began to rise post‐lockdown (p =.028), with no notable impact from the economic incentive. High interest in online support continued in certain regions even 1 year post‐lockdown, warranting further analysis. Conclusion: The study underscores a heightened post‐pandemic interest in psychological support, both online and in person, in comparison with pre‐pandemic levels. Google Trends emerges as a valuable tool for monitoring public interest during specific events, though the findings must be interpreted with care, given the study's time frame and reliance on relative search volume as a measure. Future research is needed to validate these findings and to compare them against epidemiological data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Suicide is a major public health issue that increases the risk of suicide for those bereaved by suicide themselves. There is a lack of evaluation of the effectiveness and acceptability of suicide postvention services supporting those bereaved by suicide. Aims: This review aimed to assess evaluations of postvention services supporting those bereaved by suicide and the acceptability of methods of postvention. Methods: Searches of peer-reviewed literature identified 36 studies for inclusion. 22 studies evaluated specific postvention services, 14 evaluated models of postvention. Results: Using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, mixed-methods and qualitative postvention evaluation and acceptability research produce high-quality studies. Studies rated as low quality reflect poor reporting, rather than ineffective services. Conclusion: Further evaluation of community-based postvention services within the UK is needed. This would evidence that services in the UK are effective in supporting those bereaved by suicide. Evaluation would benefit services in accessing funding, improve service development and provide holistic support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence of children being raised solely by their grandparents has steadily risen in the past decade prompted by parental substance use disorder (SUD) and associated incarceration and death. These families, especially children, are a vulnerable population with unique needs. Nurses should be cognizant of the needs, risk factors, and protective factors often associated with this population. Meanwhile, the literature to date mostly focuses on grandparents. School and pediatric nurses, specifically, are in an advantageous position to help support these families and help foster better child outcomes. The purpose of the current article is to explore the experiences, needs, and resources for supporting children being raised by grandparents due to parental SUD. Best practices for health care professionals, especially nurses, are discussed as well as future directions for research with this vulnerable population. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(12), 9–16.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Older people with HIV (OPWH; aged ≥50 years) have unique vulnerabilities to intersecting risks for marginalization and isolation. The current qualitative study explored perceptions of social connection during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Method: Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants from two local community-based organizations (CBOs) in the Greater Boston area. Recruitment occurred through dissemination of flyers by staff of the CBOs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between October 2021 and March 2022. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Of 22 participants, most were women (63.6%) and Hispanic/Latinx or African American/Black (86.4%). Participants viewed social connection as an important aspect of well-being, but acknowledged that COVID-19 induced social isolation. There were gender differences in social connection. Technology was adopted by all participants that allowed connection to others. Pre-existing relationships with support groups and CBOs facilitated improved social connection and well-being. Conclusion: Focused attention should be on individuals not linked to CBOs or social services and those who lack access or have barriers to technology use, as they may be at the most significant risk for isolation. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(12), 11–17.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature on co-governance has extensively discussed how the state interacts with various actors beyond the government to promote urban development. In China, the discourse and practice of co-governance illustrate different trajectories from the West. As the urban development strategies in China shifted from property-led expansion to inner-city neighborhood regeneration, the importance of multiscalar participation in governing community affairs has been increasingly emphasized, moving beyond the government-market dichotomy and emphasizing negotiation and collaboration among the government, market participants, stakeholders, and the public. Based on practical experience and participatory action research in Guangdong province, we identify three models of co-governance in recent neighborhood regeneration practices: (1) the state-led co-creation model for conflict-mediation purposes, which primarily relies on local government and party organization to mediate inherited conflicts and rebuild local trust for promoting the regeneration agenda; (2) the professional-led place-making model for consensus-building purposes, which focuses on reshaping daily habits and beautifying public spaces to achieve consensus-based aspirations for neighborhood development; and (3) the co-production model, driven by society-community partnership, which reflects the emergence of new commons, encompassing dynamic reconfigurations on both socio-economic and institutional dimensions. Through case studies in Guangzhou and Foshan, specifically in the Enninglu, Keyuan, and Dongfeng neighborhoods, we illustrate how local governments enhance the inclusiveness and effectiveness of neighborhood governance by engaging various third-party actors, such as local enterprises, community planners, and residents' self-help groups. Local governments are skillfully avoiding direct confrontation with residents by incorporating community planners and empowering social actors to promote co-production among multiscalar participants. By examining the emergence, functioning, and dilemmas of different co-governance models in China's latest neighborhood regeneration practices, this study enriches the existing framework of the state-market-society landscape, demonstrating the plurality of the state's governance intentions and highlighting the political space in which grassroots governance is constituted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore effective overcoming strategies for the social stigma experienced by families of persons with mental illness (PWMI), this study examined the impact of group identification on affiliate stigma and empowerment, mediated by stigma resistance. The participants comprised 227 family members of PWMI who utilised services provided by community-based organisations in Korea. The finding of the study showed that sociodemographic factors, particularly education level, had a significant impact on empowerment. In addition, group identification was positively associated with stigma resistance. Furthermore, higher stigma resistance was associated with significantly lower levels of affiliate stigma and higher levels of empowerment. Moreover, group identification significantly indirectly affects affiliate stigma and empowerment by stigma resistance. These findings highlight the importance of social bonds and support in combating stigma, suggesting that active engagement in group-based advocacy and support groups can enhance empowerment for families of PWMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Young adults living with kidney failure make decisions to select a kidney replacement therapy choice in partnership with healthcare professionals. However, little is known about how they experience kidney replacement therapy treatment decision‐making and the impact this has on their well‐being. Objectives: To explore young adults living with kidney failure experiences of treatment decision‐making. The treatment decision‐making investigated is about the choice of dialysis and/or kidney transplant options. Design: A qualitative interpretive hermeneutic phenomenology study. Participants: Purposeful sampling was used to recruit young adults with kidney failure from social media, electronic media such as local kidney group websites and word of mouth. Semistructured interviews were conducted with (n = 18) participants aged 18–30 years. Approach: Inductive analysis of the data were performed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis framework. Findings: The five themes generated were (1) awareness and anticipation of future kidney replacement therapy decision; (2) health information and education; (3) engaging in decision‐making, support and choices; (4) implementation of kidney replacement therapy and transitioning into the new normal life and (5) the impact of decision‐making and choice on well‐being. Conclusions: Decision‐making significantly affected young adults' psychosocial and mental well‐being. Young adults had unmet informational and decisional needs and struggled to cope due to lack of support. A four‐talk model, with an implement talk phase added to the existing three‐talk (team talk, option talk, decision talk) shared decision‐making model, would promote a focus on the implementation of choice and support the transitioning from previous life to long‐term dependence on treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fair Trade USA Capture Fisheries Standard (CFS) requires small-scale fishers to be organized in groups before getting certified against its voluntary sustainability standard. This raises questions about what groups (can) do to enable individual fishers to participate in and benefit from certification. This study uses a capabilities framework to understand this dynamic. We use a case study of handline tuna fishery in Maluku, Indonesia. Three clusters of groups are included: the groups in Buru Island that have been certified by Fair Trade USA Capture Fisheries Standard and Marine Stewardship Council, the groups in Seram Island that have been certified by Fair Trade USA, and the groups in Buru and Seram Islands that have been excluded from Fair Trade USA certification. The results show how group capabilities play an essential role in group and individual fisher certification. We conclude that there is a need to support group certification as a mechanism to govern sustainability in small-scale fisheries. To achieve group certification policy interventions beyond the certification stakeholders are needed to provide conditions supportive for group capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The disadvantages experienced by minorities and lack of societal remedies are partly attributable to native‐majority citizens’ limited awareness of minority hardships. We investigate whether informing citizens about field‐experimental audits on ethno‐racial discrimination increases their recognition of the issue and support for equal‐treatment policies. Extending a largely US‐centric research frontier, we focus on beliefs about discrimination faced by Muslims in Denmark. To further comprehension, we test three types of framing: a scientist stressing credibility, a lawyer emphasizing the legal breach, or a minority expressing grief. Our survey experiment (n = 4,800) shows that citizens are generally aware of discrimination and tend to overperceive its extent. Communicating audit evidence corrects misperceptions but does not change recognition or policy support, regardless of framing or initial misperception. Only combining priming, correction, and framing temporarily increases recognition and donations to support groups. These findings suggest that audit‐based awareness campaigns have limited immediate success beyond donations acknowledging minority hardships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Young Filipino women are susceptible to engaging in toxic relationships. The socio-cultural development maintained throughout the years of conservative ideology in the Philippines has retained a hostile dynamic towards women, specifically in the intimate connection they share with their given sex. The researchers aim to explore traditional perspectives and the hierarchy of gender roles that contribute to the abuse of young women in the National Capital Region (NCR) of the Philippines. Correspondingly, using a phenomenological approach, six (6) young Filipino women aged eighteen to twenty-five years (18-25) were gathered using the purposive sampling technique and then interviewed with a validated research tool. The findings showed a prevalence of social influences, expectations, tolerance, and manipulation as leading causes for remaining in a toxic relationship; all women engaged in specific coping mechanisms towards their partner to extend their connection. Identity and autonomy diminished throughout the relationships, with separation and a re-evaluation of self-worth being the process of healing. Significantly, their experience was unfortunate, yet they expressed that abuse is one of the means to maintain the established gender role of young Filipino women. Nevertheless, support groups and other coping strategies should persevere for life after the toxic relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breastfeeding support interventions are associated with longer breastfeeding duration. Contemporary nationally representative data on breastfeeding support as reported by women in England is lacking. Using English national maternity survey data, we describe sources and modes of breastfeeding support as reported by women who gave birth in 2020; sources of support are compared with earlier maternity surveys (2014, 2016, 2018). We also explore the characteristics associated with source/mode of support in 2020 (n = 4,611). Methods: Women who breastfed were asked about sources of breastfeeding support (midwife; other health professional; other formal breastfeeding support such as breastfeeding specialist, breastfeeding support group, peer supporter; and partner/friend/relative), how this help was given and whether they would have liked more help from a health professional with breastfeeding. Adjusted risk ratios (aRR) for the association between sociodemographic and pregnancy-related variables and each source/mode of support were estimated using modified Poisson regression. Results: From 2014 to 2020 support from midwives and other health professionals declined (from 84.0% to 64.7%, and 61.6% to 15.5% respectively) whereas other formal breastfeeding support and informal support from partners/friends/relatives remained constant at 27–31% and 34–38% respectively. The proportion of women who wanted more help with breastfeeding increased from 30% in 2014–2018 to 46% in 2020. In 2020, women most likely to want more help with breastfeeding were nulliparous (aRR = 1.64, 95%CI:1.50–1.79), younger (aRR = 1.21, 95%CI:1.03–1.42) and of Pakistani ethnicity (aRR = 1.30, 95%CI:1.06–1.60). Receiving breastfeeding support over the phone (35%) was more common than via video call (13%) or text message (5%); these percentages varied according to socio-demographic and pregnancy-related factors. Conclusions: Breastfeeding support has declined in recent years, and did not meet the needs of many women during the pandemic. Planning for a future emergency should include adequate provision of breastfeeding support particularly if staff are redeployed into other roles. The characteristics associated with support can inform service planning and delivery. Future research should use these factors to develop novel ideas for intervention, such as directly targeting partners or other informal networks with educational or psychosocial interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Methods Results Conclusions To measure the impact of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1D and T2D) on the QoL of a person's family members/partner and assess if there is any difference in family impact.A cross‐sectional study, recruited online through patient support groups, involved UK family members/partners of people with diabetes completing the Family Reported Outcome Measure‐16 (FROM‐16).Two hundred and sixty‐one family members/partners (mean age = 57.9 years, SD = 13.8; females = 68.2%) of people with diabetes (mean age = 57.7, SD = 20.6; females = 38.3%; T1D n = 100; T2D n = 161) completed the FROM‐16. The overall FROM‐16 mean score was 10.47, SD = 7.8, suggesting a moderate effect on the QoL of family members of people with diabetes. A quarter (24.5%) of family members experienced a ‘very large effect’ or ‘extremely large effect’ on their QoL. The family impact of T1D (mean FROM‐16 = 12.61, SD = 7.9) was greater than that of T2D (mean = 9.15, SD = 7.5, p < 0.01), with being ‘female’ and ‘parents of children and adolescents’ rendered as significant predictors of greater impact. Family members of T2D had a lower risk of experiencing a high family impact (FROM‐16 score >16) compared with T1D (RR 0.561, 95% CI 0.371–0.849).Compared to T2D, family members of T1D experience a greater impact on their QoL, particularly those caring for children and adolescents. These findings have clinical and resource implications, indicating a need to assess this impact as a part of routine diabetes care to support impacted family members. The FROM‐16 could assess this impact in routine practice and further facilitate referral of family members to appropriate support services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis position paper describes the structural elements of the Polish mental healthcare system, with consideration of both historical and contemporary contexts. The historical context has had a significant impact on the evolution of mental healthcare and treatment of alcohol and substance use disorders (AUD and SUD) in Poland, resulting in notable distinctions between the two systems. Those are evident in the distinct legal foundations, therapeutic traditions (medical vs. psychosocial), dominant professional groups (psychiatrists vs. specialised AUD/SUD psychotherapists), roles of non-governmental organisations and self-help groups (more prominent in AUD/SUD services), as well as the range of services offered. It is not merely an organisational issue; the separation of the two systems has a more profound effect on the actual services available to patients, including those with dual diagnoses (i.e. mental disorders comorbid with AUD/SUD). It is therefore imperative that mental healthcare and AUD/SUD services collaborate and work together as part of a wider network comprising a well-coordinated variety of different services. Possible advantages and disadvantages of dual systems are discussed, along with recommendations for policy and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the level of stress, the quality of study habits, and the level of academic performance of CvSU Carmona Campus students during the pandemic, and the relationship between these factors. A modified questionnaire was utilized to gather data from one thousand six hundred eighty-six (1,686) students coming from the campus' different programs. Answers were tabulated and interpreted using mean and standard deviation, average score, chi-square, and ANOVA. Results of the study revealed that most students have a low level of stress in terms of relationship and body, mind, and feelings while a high level of stress in terms of school-related factors. This reveals students have high stress in matters related to school activities and that they are emotionally and physically drained by the demands of the school. Their study habits proved to be good, while their academic performance showed to be very good. Relatively, there is a significant relationship between the level of stress of the participants and their level of academic performance, and between their quality of study habits and level of academic performance. With this, it was suggested that the different departments of the campus, in collaboration with the Office of Student Affairs and Services, formulate wellness programs that would lessen the stress of the students in terms of school-related activities such as support groups from the different student organizations and stress management webinars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectivesMethodResultsConclusionThere is a gap in our understanding of the experiences and needs of carers for patients with delirium and a scarcity of research on the topic in the UK. This study aims to explore the needs and experiences of carers for person with delirium and offer suggestions to support them.A qualitative interview study with carers of patients with delirium. Data were analysed using an abductive analysis approach.Fourteen carers were interviewed. We identified four themes; carers’ involvement in providing care for the person with delirium, carers’ perspectives of caregiving, support for carers and impact for caregiving on carers. Carers felt a responsibility to support the patient and to obtain information on delirium and its management on their own. Caregiving for a person with delirium had an emotional impact on the carer and they needed to change their lifestyle to maintain their caregiving responsibilities, as a result of the limited support they had.More support for the carer in care plans with focus on emotional support, support groups for carers of people with delirium and assigning a case worker should be taken into consideration when developing interventions for people with delirium at home. These solutions may mitigate the impact of caregiving role on the mental and physical wellbeing of the carer for older person with delirium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the years, microfinance programs have been the major strategy of many developing countries to improve people’s welfare and reduce poverty. Yet several studies on the welfare impacts of microfinance result in contradictory conclusions. While some studies support the mainstream view that microfinance improves the welfare of the unbankable poor, others criticize its limited effect on business development and weak impact measurement methods. This study analyzes 409 articles to bridge the empirical gaps between mainstream and critical views of microfinance impacts on society through synthesizing major themes in existing research and their interconnections and provides recommendations for future research. Using bibliometric and systematic literature review (SLR) approaches, this study found five clusters of empirical research on microfinance impacts, including entrepreneurship and poverty alleviation; self-help groups and women empowerment; financial inclusion; household income; and community welfare. The study also suggests that microfinance programs have positive impacts on welfare across countries. However, future research needs to more deeply focus on the impact of microfinance programs on agricultural finance, specifically financial efficiency, and social efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reddit has provided rich data on mental health discourse. The present study uses 40,335 online posts from Reddit communities to investigate how language can contribute to the understanding of PTSD and C-PTSD. The results showed distinct language patterns in the use of first-person pronouns, cognitive processing, and emotion words, suggesting that they are separate disorders with different effects on survivors. Further, while some social media studies have differentiated submissions and comments, few have investigated the language changes between these contexts. Post-hoc results showed a clear distinction between two contexts across several linguistic markers. Discussion and future directions are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis pilot study investigated the feasibility of an occupational therapist-facilitated seven-week online support group with problem-solving training on the psychosocial well-being of parental caregivers of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The study used a single-group pre-test/post-test quantitative design. A convenience sample of five participants, who each identified as mothers of male individuals with SCI, completed the study. From pre to post, participants demonstrated high satisfaction with the group, decreased stress, increased knowledge, and an increase in problem-focused coping strategies, yet no changes were greater than minimal detectable change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim Methods Results Conclusions Celiac disease (CeD) is increasingly diagnosed but significant disparities exist in awareness, practices, resources, and legislation worldwide. We conducted a global online survey with CeD experts to assess this disparity internationally.A 55 questions survey encompassing nine domains relevant to CeD care (awareness, gluten‐free [GF] foods availability/cost/quality, GF labeling, CeD dietician availability, insurance for CeD patients, medical training, research funding, patient support groups, and unmet needs) was generated and sent to CeD experts worldwide electronically. Countries were stratified based on per capita income as high‐income (HIC) and lower‐income countries (LIC) (including upper‐middle‐, lower‐middle‐, and low‐income countries). Survey responses were summarized as a single score using principal component analysis.Valid responses were obtained from 131(37.4%) [HIC: 71; LIC: 60] of contacted CeD experts from 63 countries. Compared with HIC, LIC experts perceived worse availability (HIC:80% vs LIC: 47%; P < 0.001), quality (52% vs 20%; P < 0.001), and legislation for labeling of GF foods (82% vs 37%; P < 0.001), with unfavorable reimbursement policies (27% vs 12%; P = 0.002), subsidies (32% vs 13%; P < 0.001), and insurance (76% vs 43%; P < 0.001) for CeD patients. LIC also lacked awareness about CeD among general physicians (69% vs 32%; P < 0.001), trained celiac dieticians (39% vs 12%; P = 0.002), and active CeD patient support groups (93% vs 50%; P < 0.001). All experts believed that GF foods were costly (94% vs 87%), frequently contaminated (27% vs 32%), and unfavorably taxed (97% and 93%). The experts agreed on key unmet needs and better research funding. Overall CeD preparedness score (median 58.3 vs 33.0; P < 0.001) was also associated with income.The present survey highlights the opinion of global experts on the challenges, opportunities, and preparedness related to CeD and differences worldwide by income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Research in recent years has increasingly highlighted the relationship between exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) and poor mental health outcomes. Human trafficking survivors often report exposure to many traumatic and PMIEs and given the complexities of trafficking exploitation, survivors may be especially vulnerable to moral injury. Despite this, no research has investigated experiences of PMIEs and moral injury in human trafficking survivors. The objective was to explore survivors' experiences of PMIEs, the impact of PMIEs on wellbeing and functioning and the factors that may influence outcomes following PMIEs. Method: Participants were seven human trafficking survivors from diverse backgrounds who had settled in the UK. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted via telephone. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Human trafficking survivors were found to experience multiple PMIEs, including transgressive acts committed by others and betrayal by trusted loved ones or those in positions of authority. Experiencing PMIEs contributed towards considerable psychological distress, including intense feelings of shame, anger and worthlessness, and negatively impacted survivors daily functioning. Formal support, especially practical help (e.g. warm clothing) and social support groups, were experienced as particularly beneficial. Conclusions: This study provides some of the first evidence that human trafficking survivors may be vulnerable to moral injury and indicates the impact that exposure to PMIEs can have on functioning. Future work is needed to ensure that statutory organisations consider the potential for causing moral injury when interacting with human trafficking survivors and clinical care teams are equipped to provide tailored guidance and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractLosing a loved one to suicide is often traumatizing. Those left behind to bear the loss do so under a shroud of stigma, shame, blame, and regret, alongside other complex emotions. Due to the misconceptions surrounding suicide, individuals closest to the bereft often do not know how to respond to the loss, leaving the survivor to grapple with arguably one of the most challenging events of their life alone. Yet, evidence suggests that suicide survivors may find meaningful group support and ways to integrate the loss into their lives through postvention resources. Drawing inspiration from Pieper’s contemplative leisure, and in collaboration with suicide survivors, we explore leisure’s potential in a co-created suicide bereavement support group. Our findings indicate that leisure as a contemplative act helped facilitate healing within a participatory action research postvention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Wild-type and hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (ATTRwt and ATTRv amyloidosis, respectively) are progressive, fatal diseases with a broad range of clinical presentations and multisystem effects. Despite having a higher prevalence, ATTRwt amyloidosis is less well characterized due to its non-hereditary nature, and its relatively poorer disease awareness delays diagnosis. Understanding of its natural history has evolved in recent years, but this is largely based on physician-collected data rather than patients' reports of their own experiences. A mixed methods approach was used to evaluate how the healthcare journeys of patients with ATTRv and ATTRwt amyloidosis compare. Methods: A quantitative survey was administered to US-patients diagnosed with both ATTRwt amyloidosis and ATTRv amyloidosis identified through a patient support group. Subsequent in-depth interviews with participants with ATTRwt amyloidosis were conducted. Quantitative data with related qualitative quotes from patients were produced to characterize their paths to diagnosis and the disease burden experienced. Results: A total of 47 respondents completed the survey (ATTRv, n = 20 and ATTRwt, n = 27) and a total of 14 survey respondents with ATTRwt amyloidosis were interviewed. Survey results reported a high disease burden for patients with both conditions, with patients with ATTRwt amyloidosis reporting more diagnoses and procedures prior to their final diagnosis. Interviews with participants with ATTRwt amyloidosis revealed that patients face a high symptomatic burden of disease. Diagnosis was often delayed due to three key factors: (1) early signs of ATTRwt amyloidosis were often assumed to be related to old age; (2) many medical specialists working in silos were involved in participants' diagnostic; and (3) there was a general lack of disease awareness. Early indicators such as carpal tunnel syndrome were often overlooked. Participants were typically diagnosed after the disease had progressed to include severe cardiac symptoms such as atrial fibrillation and severe shortness of breath. Sleep apnoea was also reported by a number of participants, with a considerable impact on quality of life. Conclusions: Our study provides insight into the overall impact of the patient journey on their quality of life and demonstrates how increased awareness of ATTRwt amyloidosis and more coordinated engagement with physicians could reduce the time to diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Methods Findings Conclusion This qualitative research explored family caregivers’ engagement and social support in a single online support group (OSG). It sought to answer two research questions: Q1: Was social support evident in the OSG? If so what types and how did these types relate to engagement? Q2: Were elements from the Context, Content and Delivery conceptual framework evident in the OSG? If so, what were the key elements of this group?Eighteen semi‐structured interviews were carried out with members of a family caregiver OSG in Ireland. Data were analysed using deductive qualitative analysis with a codebook created from one typology of social support and the Context, Content and Delivery conceptual framework for engagement in web‐based technologies.For Q1, all types of social support were generated in the OSG. All had a positive impact on engagement. Informational support (17/18 respondents) and emotional support (15/18 respondents) were the highest support experienced by the group. For Q2, we found evidence for 11 key elements of the conceptual framework. Myriad sub‐elements had positive, negative and mixed impacts on engagement. These elements generally related to positive developments of social support by the respondents.Drawing together the findings, we present a new framework, the Journey of Engagement and Support in Online Support Groups for Family Caregivers. This maps the stages for engagement and support in an OSG and can be used by practitioners for running OSG and researchers to generate testable hypotheses about the relationship between social support and engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper establishes participatory conflict invoked by intersectional standpoints as a critique of the conventional celebratory understanding of participatory communication for social change. The paper is based on an immersive ethnographic study in the state of Uttarakhand, India with women participants in three self-help groups. Our findings acknowledge the presence of inevitable participatory conflict in women groups’ participation due to intersectional standpoints where gender intersects with caste, economic position, and paid work exposure leading to unequal access to communication resources among members. Our study offers a nuanced framework for participatory communication for social change that can contribute to both theory and development communication practice by acknowledging participatory conflict as an integral dimension of collective and individual empowerment process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim Design Methods Results Conclusion Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care Impact Reporting Method Patient Contribution To explore descriptions of normalcy among individuals who have lived with mechanical circulatory support for a long time.Reflexive thematic analysis was used for this qualitative research.A parent study, utilising constructivist grounded theory, was conducted to explore the experiences of advance care planning among mechanical circulatory support individuals. Participants spontaneously shared their experiences of normalcy, which was outside the scope of the primary study. Thus, a secondary analysis using reflexive thematic analysis was performed to explore experiences of normalcy among individuals living with mechanical circulatory support for long‐term use.Twelve transcripts were purposively sampled and analysed. Three major themes were derived from the data: acquiescence, adapting to the device and restructuring family roles.Normalcy continued to evolve years after device implantation because individuals were not prepared to face ongoing psychosocial challenges. Clinicians and researchers must address the complex emotional and social needs related to changes in goal therapy and unanticipated transplant delays. This includes the development of support groups that are aligned with the various stages of the MCS trajectory.Clinicians need to engage patients in conversations about disruptions to their perceived ‘normal’ lifestyle and how they plan to adapt to complex changes. Future support groups can be organised according to individuals' duration of implantation and goal therapy to reduce social withdrawal. Additionally, clinicians should assess bridge to transplant individuals' attitudes before connecting them with transplanted volunteers. Finally, clinicians can support resilience by recognising and discussing the ongoing work required to adapt to the complex changes throughout the mechanical circulatory support trajectory.Perceptions of normalcy among mechanical circulatory support individuals are subject to ongoing change. Findings will inform clinicians of the social, emotional and familial challenges that require ongoing support and resources for long‐term mechanical circulatory support individuals.Reporting adhered to the COREQ checklist.Participants contributed to this study by sharing their experiences of normalcy after living with mechanical circulatory support for 2 years or more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients, their family members and caregivers have firsthand experiences of living with or supporting someone living with a disease or medical condition. This knowledge by experience cannot be replaced by the knowledge acquired by clinicians, researchers, or other professionals through study and/or work. The Therapies for Long COVID in non-hospitalised individuals (TLC) research project was funded in the UK by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) and UK Research and Innovation to investigate the impact of long COVID on affected individuals. This article focuses on the implementation of PPIE for the TLC project. It provides details on the methodological approach that was adopted, the evaluation and reporting of the PPIE for the project and some previously unreported challenges we faced. Main body: A PPIE Lead was appointed to coordinate PPIE for the project and facilitate communication and relationship building with the patient partners. Our overarching approach was collaborative with patient partners actively involved in the various work packages of the project.. This was achieved by recruiting PPIE members from (1) direct contacts, (2) long COVID support groups (3) a local general practitioner (GP) surgery. Although we were unable to hold face-to-face meetings due to the social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, we offered patients the choice of using virtual platforms like Zoom, telephone calls, and emails for communication. We adopted a 4-tiered model for the PPIE group with each tier providing different opportunities for contributing to the project. This model helped the PPIE Lead to effectively co-ordinate PPIE activities for the project as well as provide all patient partners the opportunity to contribute to the project whilst managing their condition. PPIE for the TLC project was co-evaluated with patient partners. Conclusions: Despite the challenges we encountered with the pandemic, the TLC project provided a valuable opportunity for patients to shape the design, conduct and dissemination of the research findings. The information provided in this article may be useful to other researchers and patients when planning PPIE for future health research. The implementation of PPIE in healthcare research could help ensure that the outcomes of research are those valued by and relevant to the needs of patients and other end users. Plain English summary: Patients, their family members and caregivers have firsthand experiences of living with or supporting someone living with a disease or medical condition. This knowledge by experience cannot be replaced by the knowledge clinicians, researchers, or other professionals acquire through study and/or work. The involvement of patients, their family members and caregivers in decisions about how health research is carried out can ensure that the results of research meet patients' needs and leads to tangible benefit for them. The 'Therapies for Long COVID' (TLC) research project was funded in the UK to investigate the impact of long COVID on affected individuals. People with long COVID, who we consider our patient partners, contributed substantially to the project. The results of some of the studies conducted as part of the project have been published elsewhere. In this article, we focus on how we organised and managed PPIE for the TLC project. Despite some challenges, we were able to involve several patient partners in the project. This was achieved by recruiting PPIE members from (1) direct contacts, (2) long COVID support groups (3) a local general practice (GP). Although we were unable to hold face-to-face meetings due to the social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, we offered patients the choice of using virtual platforms like Zoom, telephone calls, and emails for communication. PPIE for the TLC project was co-evaluated with patient partners and all TLC publications have been co-authored with patient partners. We hope that the information provided in this article will be useful to other researchers and patients when planning PPIE for future health research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In education, the stories of LGBTQIA+ students are one of the most powerful tales of hardship. It uncovers a wide range of experiences, much like opening a box full of obstacles and successes. This study primarily aimed to delve into and provide a comprehensive understanding of the struggles and successes of LGBTQIA+ students at Morong National High School. The researchers used self-reported data from in-depth semi-structured interviews involving 20 students, five per grade level, from Grades 7 to 10 as the main instrument and were interpreted using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to identify patterns or themes within the qualitative data. The student-respondents were selected through purposive sampling ensuring representation from diverse backgrounds. As the respondents shared their stories, the researchers found that some LGBTQIA+ students experience gradual teasing from their fellow learners. Even though they faced such challenges, they succeeded in breaking stereotypes and excelled academically. They also demonstrated their skills and abilities in sports, leadership, and other extracurricular pursuits. As a coping mechanism, the respondents mentioned that they seek support from friends and other support groups. Their hobbies and engagement in various activities help divert their attention from gender-based discrimination. Therefore, the results indicate that we need to work together in schools and communities to make everyone feel included. This research tells us that we must create safe places for LGBTQIA+ students so they don't face discrimination or bullying. Schools should let students talk about their experiences and feel like they belong. If schools show understanding and help with education, they can help LGBTQIA+ students do well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self‐management (SM) is the gold standard of care and is the direct active participation of patients in their disease management. Condition‐specific factors, physical and social environment, individual and family, and the process of SM are factors that influence SM in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). Poor SM leads to high retroviral infection transmission, mortality, and morbidity. Objective: This study was aimed at assessing SM and its associated factors among PLHIV at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UOGCSH), Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted using a systematic random sampling technique at the UOGCSH from May 20 to July 30, 2022. The data were collected using a previously validated tool and were entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 25. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with poor SM. The statistical significance was considered at a p value < 0.05. Result: Of 419 PLHIV, the median (IQR) SM score was 39 (9), and above half (52.6%, 95% CI: 48%–57%) of them had poor SM. Being unemployed (AOR = 2.49, 95%CI = 1.19, 5.19), living alone (AOR = 2.16, 95%CI = 1.12, 4.17), unfamiliar with the management of HIV‐related symptoms (AOR = 3.59, 95%CI = 2.08, 6.20), poor social support (AOR = 3.02, 95%CI = 1.54, 5.93), poor self‐efficacy (AOR = 3.04, 95%CI = 1.83, 5.06), and unsupported by the adherence support group (AOR = 17.17, 95%CI = 8.37, 35.22) were significantly associated with poor SM. Conclusion: The majority of PLHIV had poor SM. This study supports the findings of individual family SM theory and previously published studies regarding factors affecting SM. The government, hospital, adherence support groups, and PLHIV should work on modifiable sociodemographic, condition‐specific, and process of SM to improve SM of PLHIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The use of online information and communication is globally increasing in the healthcare sector. In addition to known benefits in other medical fields, possible specific potentials of eHealth lie in the monitoring of oncological patients undergoing outpatient therapy. Specifically, the treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) requires intensive monitoring due to various possible negative side effects. The present study explores cancer patients' perspectives on eHealth and demonstrates how eHealth applications, from the patients' point of view, can contribute to further improving outpatient immunotherapy. Methods and findings: Our multicenter study was executed at the university hospitals in Bonn and Aachen. A structured questionnaire was distributed to patients receiving outpatient immunotherapy. Contents addressed were (1) the patients' attitude towards eHealth applications, (2) the use of modern information and communications technologies (ICT) in (2a) everyday life and (2b) health-related information search including eHealth literacy, (3) the use of internet-enabled devices as well as (4) socio-demographic data. 164 patients were included in the study, of whom 39.0% were female and 61.0% male and the average age was 62.8 years. Overall, there was a high distribution of internet-enabled devices for everyday use and a great interest in integrating eHealth applications into outpatient immunotherapy. The assessment of eHealth potentials significantly depended on age. The younger participants demonstrated a broader use of modern ICT and a higher affinity for its use in outpatient immunotherapy. In some aspects, level of education and gender were also relevant factors influencing the patients' view on eHealth. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential for further integration of eHealth applications into outpatient immunotherapy from the patients' perspective. It indicates a dependency on age and educational level for the further integration of eHealth into patient care in oncology. Due to particular patient needs regarding age, level of education, gender and other subgroups, specific education and training as well as target-group specific digital health interventions are necessary to fully utilize the potentials of eHealth for outpatient immunotherapy. Future studies are required to specifically address target-group specific usability of eHealth applications and eHealth literacy, as well as to address information security and data protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women, as victims of violence, among which intimate partner violence prevails, venture online to seek a supportive community. Members of online support groups differ in the experiences and needs they have and support they seek. The objective of this research was to explore the difference in types of support sought and support received between women who self-report having been a witness/victim of violence and others who directly ask for help without explaining their circumstances. For this purpose, content analysis of 600 randomly selected starting posts from an online support community was performed. The results reveal an association between the needs expressed and the experience of violence described. Although users most frequently sought informational support, those recounting sexual violence more often asked for emotional support or were looking for an emotional release. Posts describing a different kind of violence were more likely to bring more support than short posts directly asking for help. The findings are important since women in a violent relationship tend to become more isolated or controlled by their partners, pointing to the crucial role of online support in helping and encouraging those women to take the first step in seeking help from formal institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In mental health promotion, recovery is a process that leads to personal strengthening, control over crucial life decisions, and participation in communities through relevant professional, educational, or family social roles. Co-production, a key aspect of the recovery-oriented approach, emphasizes collaboration and active participation of people with mental health first-hand experience, family members, and citizens. Even though studies on co-production are limited and fragmented, there is evidence that co-production leads to positive outcomes, including improved well-being, empowerment, social connectedness, inclusion, and personal competencies. This study aimed to contribute to the limited literature on co-production in mental health by evaluating the co-production process in a non-profit mental health organization and its impact on empowerment processes and personal recovery outcomes. The research team adopted a collaborative approach and conducted qualitative research, including 13 individual semi-structured interviews and four focus groups. Results showed how the different dimensions of empowerment are promoted in and by the organization: (a) co-production processes supported empowered outcomes on an individual level, such as self-awareness; (b) the organization was perceived to promote empowering processes, such as a sense of safeness and protection; (c) co-production was a mean to build and maintain a network with mental health services that acknowledges the dignity and value of each subjectivity and promotes participation and recovery. Peer support workers were seen as facilitators of mental illness management, and the organization as a place for sharing mental health experiences and fostering individual recovery journeys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study explored the perspectives of Flexible Assertive Community Treatment managers on preparation and employment of peer support workers. The study was based on semi-structured interviews with managers (n = 5) in Outpatient Services in the North Denmark Region. The analysis was based on an inductive approach to content analysis which led to three themes: (1) An exploratory but energy-loaded process—deciding to employ peer support workers, (2) Paving the road while walking—preparing employment of peer support workers, and (3) Uncertainty about the "how" and the "what"—preparing mental health professionals for collaborating with peer support workers. Together these themes describe an exploratory and unstructured implementation process, revealing a lack of structure during implementation. Such circumstances are known to potentially compromise staff wellbeing, feeling insecure about own professional role, and lack of readiness to embrace peer support workers as colleagues. Applying an implementation framework and addressing the literature on barriers and facilitators may promote successful implementation of peer support worker employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prisoners face inequalities relating to health and social care and educational needs. Peer support (prisoners providing support to other prisoners) is used in addition to professional support to address needs. It is not clear how effective or cost-effective peer-support services are, how they are implemented or experienced, or how best to evaluate such schemes. This review aimed to evaluate the following: 1. Outcomes and economic outcomes that have been studied for prison peer support, and data sources used. 2. Effectiveness and cost of prison peer support. 3. Implementation and experiences with prison peer support. A rapid systematic scoping review (registered on International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: CRD42022351592) that focussed on peer support within adult prisons. The search included six databases, grey literature databases, handsearching journals, and reviewing reference lists (June 2022). Studies were screened, and data were extracted. Narrative synthesis was used to analyse findings. Seventy papers were included (qualitative: 30, quantitative: 21, and mixed-methods: 19). No studies measured cost/cost-effectiveness. A range of methods were used to measure effectiveness (e.g., surveys, routinely collected data), implementation, and experience (e.g. interviews, surveys, observation). There was evidence of some positive effects (e.g., disease detection, mental health). Factors influencing peer support in prisons included individual, service, and organisational factors. Benefits (for prisons/prisoners/staff) and challenges (e.g., burden, exploitation) were identified. Prison peer support services are internationally used to address public health. Future research could robustly evaluate effectiveness and cost effectiveness. Attention should be given to potential risks and barriers affecting implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]