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In recent decades, university innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems (UIEEs) have emerged across the globe. We consider the managerial and policy implications of UIEEs and provide a rationale for our special issue on this topic. We also present a summary of the papers contained in the special issue, highlighting research questions, theories, data and methods, and principal findings and conclusions. We conclude by outlining a research agenda on UIEEs, focusing on multilevel research on agents, institutions, and regions across context, process, and impact of such ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze the computational reproducibility of more than 1,000 empirical answers to 6 research questions in finance provided by 168 research teams. Running the researchers' code on the same raw data regenerates exactly the same results only 52% of the time. Reproducibility is higher for researchers with better coding skills and those exerting more effort. It is lower for more technical research questions, more complex code, and results lying in the tails of the distribution. Researchers exhibit overconfidence when assessing the reproducibility of their own research. We provide guidelines for finance researchers and discuss implementable reproducibility policies for academic journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's "war for talent," effectively managing the salesperson lifecycle is more crucial than ever. This process, which encompasses hiring, onboarding, managing, developing, retaining, and terminating salespeople, is fraught with many challenges that have been neglected by academic research. This special issue helps to close the prevailing research gaps through six high-quality articles about salesperson lifecycle management, answering important research questions related to the stages of hiring, onboarding, managing, and retaining. In addition, this editorial outlines key managerial challenges and emerging research priorities, laying the foundation for future research on salesperson lifecycle management. It also presents the results of a survey conducted with sales managers, confirming the challenges they face and the importance of the proposed research priorities. Future articles can draw on these statistics to find and motivate research topics worthy of investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atomistic simulations often rely on interatomic potentials to access greater time and length scales than those accessible to first-principles methods, such as density functional theory. However, since a parameterized potential typically cannot reproduce the true potential energy surface of a given system, we should expect a decrease in accuracy and increase in error in quantities of interest calculated from these simulations. Quantifying the uncertainty on the outputs of atomistic simulations is thus an important, necessary step so that there is confidence in the results and available metrics to explore improvements in said simulations. Here, we address this research question by forming ensembles of atomic cluster expansion potentials, and using conformal prediction with ab initio training data to provide meaningful, calibrated error bars on several quantities of interest for silicon: the bulk modulus, elastic constants, relaxed vacancy formation energy, and the vacancy migration barrier. We evaluate the effects on uncertainty bounds using a range of different potentials and training sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Looking back at 50 years of Journal of Consumer Research methods and interviewing some of the field's most respected methodologists, this article seeks to craft a core set of best practices for scholars in consumer research. From perennial issues like conceptual validity to emerging issues like data integrity and replicability, the advice offered by our experts can help scholars improve the way they approach their research questions, provide empirical evidence that instills confidence, use new tools to make research more inclusive or descriptive of the "real world," and seek to become thought leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For an e-hailing taxi operation, we analyse a driver's profit-maximising reactive strategy (to either accept or refuse a ride request) in response to the ride request broadcast by the platform. We analyse four operating modes, each of which is a combination of either of two reactive strategies: no refusal and refusal based on proximity, and either of two broadcasting methods. In an operating mode, our objective is to evaluate the expected total profit in a shift. We adopt a two-stage methodology to answer the research questions. In the first stage, we develop an agent-based simulation model to capture the effect of multiple taxis on driver's reactive strategy. Using real trip data, we find that a driver could follow a strategy of refusal based on proximity and earn approximately 25% more than the baseline no refusal strategy. In the second stage, we develop an approximate analytical model for a single taxi operation and compare the performance against the agent-based simulation model. We develop closed-form expressions of the expected total profit for each operating mode and topology of the service region. We find that our approximate analytical model provides an upper bound, and the profit deviation lies within 20% of the agent-based simulation model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Advances in hierarchical modeling have improved estimation of ecological parameters from count data, especially those quantifying population abundance, distribution, and dynamics by explicitly accounting for observation processes, particularly incomplete detection. Even hierarchical models that account for incomplete detection, however, cannot compensate for data limitations stemming from poorly planned sampling. Ecologists therefore need guidance for planning count‐based studies that follow established sampling theory, collect appropriate data, and apply current modeling approaches to answer their research questions. We synthesize available literature relevant to guiding count‐based studies. Considering the central historical and ongoing contributions of avian studies to ecological knowledge, we focus on birds as a case study for this review, but the basic principles apply to all populations whose members are sufficiently observable to be counted. The sequence of our review represents the thought process in which we encourage ecologists to engage 1) the research question(s) and population parameters to measure, 2) sampling design, 3) analytical framework, 4) temporal design, and 5) survey protocol. We also provide 2 hypothetical demonstrations of these study plan components representing different research questions and study systems. Mirroring the structure of hierarchical models, we suggest researchers primarily focus on the ecological processes of interest when designing their approach to sampling, and wait to consider logistical constraints of data collection and observation processes when developing the survey protocol. We offer a broad framework for researchers planning count‐based studies, while pointing to relevant literature elaborating on particular tools and concepts.

Although the lay appeal of the Net Promoter Score (NPS) is undeniable, scholars have noted concerns over its use based on conceptual and empirical grounds. We address these concerns through an examination of three research questions: (1) To what extent do NPS responses correspond to actual word-of-mouth behaviors? (2) Do NPS responses exhibit measurement invariance across key demographic groupings? (3) How well does NPS perform (as opposed to customer satisfaction scores) as a predictor of financial performance? Study results show that NPS scores correspond to reported word-of-mouth exposure for most, but not all, product categories; NPS responses are invariant across demographic groupings; and that when examined separately, both customer satisfaction and NPS are significant predictors of differences in financial performance, but customer satisfaction explains slightly more variance. We discuss the managerial and theoretical implications arising from these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe nine youth soccer coaches' pedagogical responses to the implementation of the new guidelines on heading introduced by the United States Soccer Federation. The specific research questions we attempted to answer were: (a) What were the coaches' perspectives and practices regarding the coaching of heading? and (b) What factors shaped the coaches' perspectives and practices? Method: The theoretical framework employed was occupational socialization. Data were collected using four qualitative techniques and reduced to themes using analytic induction and constant comparison. Findings: Key findings were that the coaches fell into one of three groups: rejectors, acceptors, and skeptics. Differences in the coaches' acculturation, professional socialization, and organizational socialization were responsible for the coaches' differing responses to the new guidelines on heading. Conclusions: Should they transfer to other coaches, these findings should help coach educators to develop stronger programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How can employers facilitate economic mobility for workers, particularly workers of color or those without a college degree? The authors integrate a fragmented literature to assess how employers' practices affect enhanced economic security and mobility. This article first identifies three pathways linking employers' practices to mobility: improving material job quality, increasing access to better jobs for historically marginalized workers, and promoting sustainability of employment. The authors provide a critical assessment of the research literature on recruitment and hiring practices; pay and wages; promotion practices; scheduling; leaves; diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives; and work systems as these practices relate to economic mobility. They then identify strategic questions and feasible designs for enhancing future research on these questions in order to guide policy and management practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to conduct an exploratory study examining factors that influence the academic success of college athletes participating in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), a subject that has not been empirically studied. For this study, academic success defined as retention and graduation, represents the dependent variables of interest. Additionally, this study examines actors influencing academic success including institutional financial aid, background characteristics (race, gender), college experience (GPA, residential housing), athletic characteristics (sport, athletic expenses), organizational structure, and participation as a varsity or non-varsity athlete. This study uses institutional data from 2019-2020 NAIA's Return on Athletics (ROA) initiative, and data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). Logistic regression is used to answer two research questions exploring the factors that influence NAIA college athlete success. Findings indicate athletes are retained at a high rate in comparison to available NAIA data, but certain sub-groups may be at risk for attrition. Specifically, non-varsity athletes, athletes with a grade point average below 3.0, or those who have been enrolled less than two years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researchers investigated the effects of conducting Parent-Teacher Consultation to the roles of parents and outcomes among the identified Learners at-Risks of Nagpayong High School from school year 2021-2022. Respondents were section advisers, learners at-risks and the learners at-risks' parents who were selected based on their availability and willingness to participate in this study. Mixed method was utilized to obtain answers to the research questions using researcher-made questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The results revealed the teachersinitiated teacher-parent conference (PTC) through distance communication, face-to-face meeting, other means of communication and exerted interventions. Then, findings were positively manifested in the effects of PTC to the roles of parents. Results also revealed that parents modelled positive attitudes, did monitoring, got involved academically, collaborated with the school, and motivated the learners; however, it also exposed leniency among parents as they still allow their children to skip classes and play mobile games despite their school responsibilities. Also, giving rewards is not highly practiced by parents. Students also narrated learning experiences such as Home-related factors, Lack of Resources, Leisure as Distraction, and Learning Behaviour and Attitude as the perceived causes of their poor performances. Conducting PTC was believed to affect their feelings, actions and relationship with their parents. Also, teachers expressed home-related factors, lack of interest, lack of resources and dishonesty that caused them problems in conducting PTC. On the other hand, teachers' responses about the effects of PTC were categorized into positive and negative: parents' active participation, realization of the needs, consistent monitoring, learners' active participation, understanding of rules, strengthened communication and relationship, parent's positive response and increased passing rate are the unfolded positive effects; while too much consideration, habitual actions, low quality of learners and blaming teachers are the conveyed negative effects. Lastly, the researchers extracted recommendations for teacher's involvement, school administration support, and parents' motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strategy as practice is one of the most vibrant approaches to strategy research. Yet, there is significant ambiguity around what characterizes an activity as strategic and thus as falling into the domain of strategy as practice. In this article, we address this fundamental concern by differentiating four distinctive views of what qualifies activities as strategic: (1) activities that have important consequences, (2) activities that are labeled strategic, (3) activities carried out by strategists, and (4) activities that perform an important recurrent pattern. Each of these views is associated with different research questions resulting in different research insights. We discuss how the four views together form a new research framework that expands the notion of strategy and thereby the research domain of strategic management. Managerial Summary: Strategy as practice is an important approach to studying strategic management that focuses on strategic activities. However, there is significant ambiguity around what characterizes activities as strategic. In this article, we identify four different views on this question: (1) activities that have important consequences, (2) activities that are labeled strategic, (3) activities carried out by strategists, and (4) activities that perform an important recurrent pattern of activities. Each of these views is associated with different questions and thus with different types of insights. We suggest that the four views together form a research framework that reveals distinctive links between strategy as practice and other lines of strategy research and that expands our notion of strategy and thereby the domain of strategic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study on the experiences of teachers on kindergarten pupils with separation anxiety is a phenomenology that aimed to describe a phenomenon. The identification of the pupils with separation anxiety was based on their display of behavior of fear of being left alone and separated from their parents or guardians in the first few weeks of the start of the school year. The conversational partners are 15 teachers teaching kindergarten classes in the municipality of Midsayap. The conversational partners have described and narrated their lived experiences which served as the study's primary data. The experiences they openly shared were organized into themes such as common behavioral episodes, educational and learning adversities, empowering resiliency, and fostering authentic relationships. Along with these are the core ideas derived from their responses to the research questions. The study elucidated the educational challenges arising from separation anxiety, including difficulties in maintaining focus, engagement, and academic achievement. Tailored support aimed at equipping students with coping mechanisms and emotional resilience is proposed as essential for fostering their overall well-being and adaptive responses to separation-related stressors. Moreover, building authentic relationships plays an important means in supporting students' emotional needs and promoting positive outcomes. Creating a supportive and empathetic environment where pupils feel understood, valued, and safe to express their emotions is emphasized as integral to their emotional well-being and the development of healthy coping strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the challenges and experiences of the students under the new normal system, focusing on reading comprehension and how they could cope with those challenges with the help of the teachers and parents. The study was conducted at Manay National High School, Manay, Panabo City, Davao del Norte wherein the following research questions were asked to the selected Grade 9 students. 1. What learning struggles do you experience in the new normal education setting? 2. What are your strategies if you cannot understand the module activities? 3. What insight did you gain from learning experiences being a struggling learner in the new normal setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research questions: Polinsky argues that speech rate in heritage languages is highly correlated with proficiency level. In sociolinguistics studies, speech rate in monolingual speakers is found to be conditioned by social factors. What occurs when both proficiency and social factors vary? Is speech rate a valid measure of proficiency? Methodology: We use two automated methods of measuring articulation rate (syllables per second), cross-referenced to improve accuracy: an orthographic vowel count and an acoustic measure of amplitude changes from syllable nucleus to periphery. Data and analysis: Across 51 speakers, each recorded in an hour-long conversation in Heritage Italian, Russian, Ukrainian, or Homeland Italian, we calculate speech rate in more than 10,000 clauses. Findings: Linear regression analyses reveal that articulation rate correlates with generation (since immigration) and age, but, surprisingly, not with ethnic orientation, sex or language. Age and generation are partly collinear in our sample, and models with generation fit better than those with age. We also find that articulation rate does not predict performance on sociolinguistic variables (voice onset time for stops, subject pronoun presence) in heritage varieties. Originality: This study compares two ways of calculating articulation rate automatically, examining whether speech rate is a viable stand-in for proficiency when social factors and proficiency vary independently. We resolve several obstacles to using articulation rate as a stand-in for more labor-intensive proficiency measures in spontaneous speech data. Implications: These findings suggest that speech rate is a valid proxy for heritage language proficiency. The factor with the strongest effect is generation since immigration (indicating the dominant language in the speaker's childhood community). The effects of the social factors are complex but must be considered in order to interpret the proficiency measure accurately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To conduct a feasibility study to assess if MR Pelvimetry can be undertaken in short stature primigravidae, with a view to a main study to answer the question 'can MR pelvimetry be used to predict cephalo-pelvic disproportion (CPD) in women of short stature?'. This was a prospective single arm feasibility study. In the first phase, patient and public involvement was undertaken to assess acceptability of the study. In the second phase, primiparous women of ≤ 160 cm in height were selected from antenatal clinics. Obstetricians and midwives were asked to inform all eligible women about the study. Patients were approached in the third trimester and written information about the study provided. If the patient agreed to participate, they were invited for consent. MR scans were performed from 36 weeks gestation. Patients and their obstetricians were not informed of the results of the MR until after delivery (in view of NICE and WHO recommendations on pelvimetry). MR scans were performed on 21/35 (60%) participants who consented. The study was conducted without adverse events and was acceptable to all participants. Data were available from 19 patients; 7 (37%) of whom had caesarean section (CS) due to CPD, 7 (37%) had assisted vaginal birth (AVB), while 5 (26%) had spontaneous vaginal births (SVD). Two patients who had an elective CS were not included in the analysis. The pelvic measurements especially anatomical conjugate (inlet), transverse diameter (mid cavity) and anteroposterior diameter at the outlet were larger in the SVD group in comparison to in-labour CS /AVB. Interobserver MR scan measurements were comparable between radiologists: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) range 0.68 to 0.95. This feasibility study suggests that conducting a full study to answer the research question ' can MR pelvimetry predict CPD in women of short stature ? ' would be feasible and acceptable to patients. The recruitment, MR scan protocol, reporting, reliability of measures were all assessed and found acceptable for a trial. A trend was observed for smaller pelvic measurements in women who needed intervention compared with those who had a natural birth/SVD. With evidence from a full trial, this could have major implications for the management of short stature women, in terms of clinical practice and safety. A large trial would be feasible and acceptable to assess whether MR pelvimetry can predict CPD in women of short stature. Despite the small number of patients, a trend was observed for smaller pelvic measurements in women who needed intervention compared to those who had spontaneous vaginal birth. Evidence from a large trial could help inform clinical practice, and provide information and choice for women at risk of CPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mooring Suezmax tankers is a process requiring skilled ship crews and terminal workers to accomplish the time-consuming, hazardous task of securing the ship to a jetty to load or discharge oil cargoes. The advent of new equipment technologies has enabled industry professionals to view the mooring process from a new perspective. A lean approach is applied to analysing alternative mooring processes of Suezmax tankers. A reduction in mooring time of about 30 min is noted when replacing steel wire with high modulus synthetic fibre (HMSF) ropes. Further, a potential time saving of 57 min is noted if automated mooring is used instead of steel wire, and 27 min compared with HMSF. The automated mooring concept reduces the manpower required to perform the mooring process, both on board and ashore. If HMSF lines replace steel wires, a significant reduction is noted in ship and crew time costs incurred with mooring maintenance onboard during sailing. A single case study addresses the two research questions: (1) What is the mooring process of Suezmax tankers? (2) How can the mooring process of Suezmax tankers be enhanced? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation, through innovation in information and communication technologies (ICTs), impacts higher education (HE) and fosters knowledge sharing (KS). While research explores the implications of digital transformation in HE, its specific influence on KS remains understudied. This systematic literature review investigates the nexus between ICTs and KS in HE by examining peer‐reviewed literature prior to the AI boom. Three databases were searched, yielding 473 journal articles, which were screened, eligibility checked and assessed for quality and relevance to predetermined research questions. Eighteen eligible empirical studies were analysed, revealing ICTs influence on KS across university functions: teaching‐learning, governance/operations and research. Retrospectively, this study also demonstrates that the rapid pivot to fully online functions during the pandemic was possible because of prior ICT advancements despite known barriers (e.g., digital literacy, Internet connectivity). Essentially, ICTs enable vital KS for universities to ensure they remain resilient and sustainable now and into the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internationally, there is growing concern regarding the insufficient preparation of teachers in mainstream kindergartens in terms of teaching for ethnically diverse children. As teacher educators, we are concerned about how to help kindergarten teachers in Hong Kong improve their teaching. In this study, we adopted the research approach of phenomenography to investigate the following research question: In what qualitatively different ways do teachers experience the teaching for ethnically diverse children? We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with 26 in-service kindergarten teachers. Four ways of experiencing were identified. Teaching for ethnically diverse children can be experienced as: adjusting instruction (A), expanding modes of expression (B), exploring new possibilities (C), and embracing inclusion (D). We recommend that teacher educators discuss our results with teachers in professional development programmes, making them aware of alternatives and appropriate advanced ways of experiencing such teaching. Moreover, our results also revealed the benefits that ethnically diverse children bring to all children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explorations of barriers and enablers (or barriers and facilitators) to a desired health practice, implementation process, or intervention outcome have become so prevalent that they seem to be a default in much health services and public health research. In this article, we argue that decisions to frame research questions or analyses using barriers and enablers (B&Es) should not be default. Contrary to the strengths of qualitative research, the B&Es approach often bypasses critical reflexivity and can lead to shallow research findings with poor understanding of the phenomena of interest. The B&Es approach is untheorised, relying on assumptions of linear, unidirectional processes, universally desirable outcomes, and binary thinking which are at odds with the rich understanding of context and complexity needed to respond to the challenges faced by health services and public health. We encourage researchers to develop research questions using informed deliberation that considers a range of approaches and their implications for producing meaningful knowledge. Alternatives and enhancements to the B&Es approach are explored, including using 'whole package' methodologies; theories, conceptual frameworks, and sensitising ideas; and participatory methods. We also consider ways of advancing existing research on B&Es rather than doing 'more of the same': researchers can usefully investigate how a barrier or enabler works in depth; develop and test implementation strategies for addressing B&Es; or synthesise the B&Es literature to develop a new model or theory. Illustrative examples from the literature are provided. We invite further discussion on this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines Sweden's strategy for total defense, emphasizing inter-sectoral collaboration at the regional level. Specifically, it aims to identify potential challenges in such collaboration, leading to the following overarching research question: What are the principal challenges linked to cross-sector collaboration within Sweden's total defense strategy at the regional level. The study is based on interviews and observations from various collaborative exercises. Six participants from different organizations specializing in total defense collaboration were interviewed. In addition to interviews, six observations were conducted during different collaborative exercises, each resulting in field notes forming the basis for analysis. Data collection took place between August 2022 and October 2023. The analysis of collected data identifies three overarching themes – inability, unwillingness, and lack of synchronization – depicting the challenges of collaboration in total defense. These themes intertwine and construct a complex situation, described as "a colossus on clay feet," referring to various mechanisms of inertia in civil-military collaboration. The study concludes that the identified themes pose significant theoretical challenges, suggesting inherent vulnerabilities in the concept that may impede its effectiveness, with the most concerning aspect being the inability to address fundamental problems even amidst increased resources and determination, necessitating a focused research direction to tackle these dilemmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the experiences of a group of self-identified perfectionists in relation to perfectionism associated with their crafting. It focuses on the participants' own perceptions of (1) to whom their perfectionistic behavior was directed or by whom it was caused, and (2) whether and how the participants' perfectionism was manifested both positively and negatively. The focal points mirror the constructs of perfectionism by Hewitt and Flett (1991) and Stoeber and Otto (2006). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 Finnish people who identified as women and whose hobby was crafting. Inductive and deductive reasoning were used in the content analysis process to identify themes in the transcribed data. The themes that were identified, namely dimension of perfectionism, positive manifestation of perfectionism, and negative manifestation of perfectionism, provided answers for the research questions. The participants' accounts suggest that their perfectionism was self-oriented, and it manifested both positively and negatively in varying degrees. However, the negative influence of perfectionism seemed to outweigh its positive influence. The findings were in line with previous studies of perfectionism in creative activities. Moreover, they support the presented theories which suggest that the perfectionism construct includes both positive and negative aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A central goal of biological anthropology is connecting environmental variation to differences in host physiology, biology, health, and evolution. The microbiome represents a valuable pathway for studying how variation in host environments impacts health outcomes. While there are many resources for learning about methods related to microbiome sample collection, laboratory analyses, and genetic sequencing, there are fewer dedicated to helping researchers navigate the dense portfolio of bioinformatics and statistical approaches for analyzing microbiome data. Those that do exist are rarely related to questions in biological anthropology and instead are often focused on human biomedicine. To address this gap, we expand on existing tutorials and provide a "road map" to aid biological anthropologists in understanding, selecting, and deploying the data analysis and visualization methods that are most appropriate for their specific research questions. Leveraging an existing dataset of fecal samples and survey data collected from wild geladas living in Simien Mountains National Park in Ethiopia (Baniel et al., 2021), this paper guides researchers toward answering three questions related to variation in the gut microbiome across host and environmental factors. By providing explanations, examples, and a reproducible workflow for different analytic methods, we move beyond the theoretical benefits of considering the microbiome within anthropological research and instead present researchers with a guide for applying microbiome science to their work. This paper makes microbiome science more accessible to biological anthropologists and paves the way for continued research into the microbiome's role in the ecology, evolution, and health of human and non‐human primates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Why do people migrate?" is a question that forms the pivot of migration studies, and migration theory in particular. But it has hardly found satisfactory answers. In this article, I reapproach the question from an array of diverse angles and provide eight responses. Some are aligned with recent theoretical developments, others unpack long-standing ideas with evolving significance, and still others are fundamentally atheoretical. Together, they show how the question can be answered, how it is being answered—even inadvertently or misleadingly—and what the implications are of answering the question in different ways. These are the responses, which each initiates a discussion: (1) For the reasons under which they are admitted as immigrants; (2) For reasons that are socially legitimate; (3) Because the sum of push and pull factors is in favor of migration; (4) Because they have the aspiration and the ability to do so; (5) Because an opportunity presents itself; (6) Either because they chose to or because they are forced to; (7) Because they see migration as either intrinsically or instrumentally valuable; (8) To lead a normal life. The discussions demonstrate how theoretical, methodological and political dimensions of migration sway the ways in which reasons for migration are understood and represented. "Why do people migrate?" is slippery as a research question, but its indeterminate nature makes it a guiding light for research that navigates a diversity of perspectives with humility and curiosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: Observational clinicogenomic data sets, consisting of tumor next-generation sequencing (NGS) data linked to clinical records, are commonly used for cancer research. However, in real-world practice, oncologists frequently request NGS in search of treatment options for progressive cancer. The extent and impact of this dynamic on analysis of clinicogenomic research data are not well understood. METHODS: We analyzed clinicogenomic data for patients with non–small cell lung, colorectal, breast, prostate, pancreatic, or urothelial cancers in the American Association for Cancer Research Biopharmaceutical Consortium cohort. Associations between baseline and time-varying clinical characteristics and time from diagnosis to NGS were measured. To explore the impact of informative cohort entry on biomarker inference, statistical interactions between selected biomarkers and time to NGS with respect to overall survival were calculated. RESULTS: Among 7,182 patients, time from diagnosis to NGS varied significantly by clinical factors, including cancer type, calendar year of sequencing, institution, and age and stage at diagnosis. NGS rates also varied significantly by dynamic clinical status variables; in an adjusted model, compared with patients with stable disease at any given time after diagnosis, patients with progressive disease by imaging or oncologist assessment had higher NGS rates (hazard ratio for NGS, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.45 to 1.78] and 2.32 [95% CI, 2.01 to 2.67], respectively). Statistical interactions between selected biomarkers and time to NGS with respect to survival, potentially indicating biased biomarker inference results, were explored. CONCLUSION: To evaluate the appropriateness of a data set for a particular research question, it is crucial to measure associations between dynamic cancer status and the timing of NGS, as well as to evaluate interactions involving biomarkers of interest and NGS timing with respect to survival outcomes. Cancer researchers working with observational genomic data should examine the sensitivity of their findings to the timing of genomic sequencing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to increase the knowledge of the roles and functions of public health institutes (PHIs) by exploring and comparing the Scandinavian PHIs, their roots, and developments over time. The research questions are the following: What was the history behind these public institutions? How have they changed over time? Have they followed divergent or parallel paths of change? How, if at all, have they been influenced by public sector reforms? Comparing the three Scandinavian countries based on an institutionalist approach, the article seeks to increase the understanding of the role of PHIs in governing public health. The article is based on documents from parliaments and governments from the public health institutes, supplemented by institution narratives and relevant public health and public administration literature. The Scandinavian PHIs have common roots from the early 1900s, have followed different routes, and have different institutional characteristics and different roles as public health institutions. However, after more than 100 years, the Scandinavian PHIs belong to the international PHI organization. They are responsible for knowledge dissemination, surveillance, and preparedness for the handling of epidemics and pandemics. The article argues for more comparative research on institutions related to public health authorities, such as the PHIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Socialization during gaming is an important aspect of gaming for people with and without disabilities. However, we know little about how gamers with disabilities play with others. Aim: This study investigated the social gaming experiences of individuals with disabilities focusing on research questions 1) Who do people with disabilities play with?, and 2) How do people with disabilities communicate while gaming? Method: We conducted a survey study which focused on experiences of gaming with disabilities. In total 92 responses were analyzed. Results: The results suggest that gamers with disabilities play digital multiplayer games locally and online with friends, family, strangers, and people they know. The most used communication methods were speech, text, and built-in features. However, some were not communicating at all due to a lack of suitable communication methods. Furthermore, communication varied depending on if the gaming was happening online or locally, and depending on the gaming companions. Discussion: The results align with previous research indicating that people with disabilities engage in gaming with friends, family, and strangers similar to any other gamer. However, there is a lack of studies on how people generally communicate in games, nonetheless, as speech and text communication methods are most commonly seen in games, we can assume that they are the most used communication methods for all gamers. Limitations and Future Research: This study has limitations both related to the survey questions and the survey participants. We cannot be sure if all understood the questions in the same way, furthermore, most of the participants were experienced Finnish gamers with physical disabilities which could have skewed the results. Further research is necessary to address these limitations and broaden the scope of the study's findings. Conclusions: Based on the results, we argue that games should provide multiple means of communication to make social gaming more accessible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because findings in prior research are ambiguous, it remains unclear whether and under which circumstances formal and informal support sources help older adults with their Information and Communication Technology (ICT) use. Our qualitative interview study with 96 older adults (>65, including Internet users and non-users) aims to shed light on older adults' ICT support by addressing two research questions: (Q1) What types of ICT support needs do older adults experience in their everyday lives? (Q2) For each type of need, who provides the support? Our results show that there are four analytically distinct types of support needs that are often conflated in the literature: motivational support, instructional support, technical support and support by proxy use. Each support type has its suitable support sources. To foster digital inclusion, older adults require access to the specific type(s) of support that fits their occurring need(s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep learning plays a significant role in developing a robust and constructive framework for tackling complex learning tasks. Consequently, it is widely utilized in many security-critical contexts, such as Self-Driving and Biometric Systems. Due to their complex structure, Deep Neural Networks (DNN) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Adversaries can deploy attacks at training or testing time and can cause significant security risks in safety–critical applications. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend adversarial attacks, their crafting methods, and different defending strategies. Moreover, finding effective defenses to malicious attacks that can promote robustness and provide additional security in deep learning models is critical. Therefore, there is a need to analyze the different challenges concerning deep learning models' robustness. The proposed work aims to present a systematic review of primary studies that focuses on providing an efficient and robust framework against adversarial attacks. This work used a standard SLR (Systematic Literature Review) method to review the studies from different digital libraries. In the next step, this work designed and answered several research questions thoroughly. The study classified several defensive strategies and discussed the major conflicting factors that can enhance robustness and efficiency. Moreover, the impact of adversarial attacks and their perturbation metrics are also analyzed for different defensive approaches. The findings of this study assist researchers and practitioners in choosing an appropriate defensive strategy by incorporating the considerations of varying research issues and recommendations. Finally, relying upon reviewed studies, this work found future directions for researchers to design robust and innovative solutions against adversarial attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Numerous clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements have been published in hernia surgery, however, there is still a need for high-quality evidence to address remaining unanswered questions. The aim of this study was to conduct research priority setting through a modified Delphi process to identify a list of top research priorities in hernia surgery. Methods: A structured literature review of clinical practice guidelines was performed by the steering committee. Topics considered clinically significant, practical to study and lacking strong evidence were extracted and refined into a comprehensive list, then entered into a two-round Delphi survey for prioritization at the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative (ACHQC) Quality Improvement Summit. In round 1, participants were instructed to select any topic that should be prioritized for future research. Topics were ranked according to the proportion of votes and the 25 highest-ranking topics were included in the second round. In round 2, participants were instructed to select only the top 10 topics for research prioritization. Results: Eleven clinical practice guidelines were reviewed. Eighty-seven topics were extracted by the steering committee and submitted for prioritization. After the first round, 25 of the highest-ranking topics were determined and included in the second round. A final list of 11 research questions was identified. The hernia types with the most research interest were inguinal and epigastric/umbilical hernias. Other topics of high interest were the management of diastasis recti, primary versus mesh repairs and expectant management versus surgical repair. Conclusion: Our study provides a research agenda generated through expert consensus that may be used in the prioritization of the design and funding of clinical trials in hernia surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we compare the performance of several popular pre-trained reference extraction and segmentation toolkits combined in different pipeline configurations on three different datasets. The extraction is end-to-end, i.e. the input is PDF documents, and the output is parsed reference objects. The evaluation is for reference strings and individual fields in the reference objects using alignment by identical fields and close-to-identical values. Our results show that Grobid and AnyStyle perform best of all compared tools, although one may want to use them in combination. Our work is meant to serve as a reference for researchers interested in applying out-of-the-box reference extraction and -parsing tools, for example, as a preprocessing step to a more complex research question. Our detailed results on different datasets with results for individual parsed fields will allow them to focus on aspects that are particularly important to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological science has thrived thanks to new methods and innovative practices. Journals, including Behavior Research Methods (BRM), continue to support the dissemination and evaluation of research assets including data, software/hardware, statistical code, and databases of stimuli. However, such research assets rarely allow for computational reproducibility, meaning they are difficult to reuse. Therefore, in this preregistered report, we explore how BRM's authors and BRM structures shape the landscape of functional research assets. Our broad research questions concern: (1) How quickly methods and analytical techniques reported in BRM can be used and developed further by other scientists; (2) Whether functionality has improved following changes to BRM journal policy in support of computational reproducibility; (3) Whether we can disentangle such policy changes from changes in reproducibility over time. We randomly sampled equal numbers of papers (N = 204) published in BRM before and after the implementation of policy changes. Pairs of researchers recorded how long it took to ensure assets (data, software/hardware, statistical code, and materials) were fully operational. They also coded the completeness and reusability of the assets. While improvements were observed in all measures, only changes to completeness were altered significantly following the policy changes (d =.37). The effects varied between different types of research assets, with data sets from surveys/experiments showing the largest improvements in completeness and reusability. Perhaps more importantly, changes to policy do appear to have improved the life span of research products by reducing natural decline. We conclude with a discussion of how, in the future, research and policy might better support computational reproducibility within and beyond psychological science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This case study aimed to diagnose the cause(s) of a seasonal, and objectionable odour reported by travellers and drivers in the railway cars of Australian passenger trains. The research questions were to: (1) identify whether significant microbial colonisation was present within the air handling system of trains and causing the odours; to (2) identify other potential sources and; (3) remedial options for addressing the issue. Methods: A mixed-methods, action research design was used adopted. Sections of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems from odour-affected trains were swabbed for bacteria and fungi and examined for evidence of wear, fatigue and damage on-site and off-site. Insulation foam material extracted from the walls of affected trains was also subjected to a chemical assessment following exposure to varying humidity and temperature conditions in a climate simulator. This was accompanied by a qualitative sensory characterisation. Results: Upon exposure to a variety of simulated temperature and humidity combinations to recreate the odour, volatile chemical compounds released from the insulation foam by water were identified as its likely cause. In addition, a range of potentially serious pathogenic and odour-causing microbes were cultured from the HVAC systems, although it is considered unlikely that bacterial colonies were the odour source. Conclusion: The research has implications for the sanitising and maintenance policies for HVAC systems on public transport, especially when operating in humid environments. The sanitary imposition, especially in the wake of COVID-19 may be required to ensure the safety of the travelling public and drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The paper aims at addressing the following research questions: does institutional quality improve countries' environmental efficiency? And which pillars of institutional quality improve countries' environmental efficiency? Design/methodology/approach: By specifying a directional distance function in the context of stochastic frontier method where GHG emissions are considered as the bad output and the GDP is referred as the desirable one, the work computes the environmental efficiency into the appraisal of a production function for the European countries over three decades. Findings: According to the countries' performance, the findings confirm that high and upper middle-income countries have higher environmental efficiency compared to low middle-income countries. In this environmental context, the role of institutional quality turns out to be really important in improving the environmental efficiency for high income countries. Originality/value: This article attempts to analyze the role of different dimensions of institutional quality in different European countries' performance – in terms of mitigating GHGs (undesirable output) – while trying to raise their economic performance through their GDP (desirable output). Highlights: The paper aims at addressing the following research question: does institutional quality improve countries' environmental efficiency? We adopt a directional distance function in the context of stochastic frontier method, considering 40 European economies over a 30-year time interval. The findings confirm that high and upper middle-income countries have higher environmental efficiency compared to low middle-income countries. The role of institutional quality turns out to be really important in improving the environmental efficiency for high income countries, while the performance decreases for the low middle-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In today's society, the need for functional communication is essential from an early age. However, many children struggle with speech, language, and communication during their time in early childhood education and care (ECEC). This paper examines early childhood special education teachers' (ECSETs) views on how children with speech, language and communication needs are supported in regular ECEC. The empirical data comprised four focus group interviews with 14 itinerant ECSETs. A thematic analysis was used to examine the teachers' support strategies. The following four themes related to the research question were identified after an iterative process of coding and close reading of data: (a) cooperation and professionalism as prerequisites for providing support; (b) processes and procedures for providing support; (c) consultation for personnel enabling support for children in a group; and (d) adjusting support based on each child's individual needs. The study provides insight into providing support for children with speech, language and communication needs and related challenges. The results indicate several areas that work well in providing support during specific activities and for certain group compositions. However, potential pitfalls include ECSETs' workload and lack of knowledge and motivation among personnel to support children in need of support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the student and teacher characteristics affecting middle school students' test anxiety. There are three different research groups in this study designed according to the predictive correlational research model. The first two research groups were formed to collect evidence for the reliability and validity of the data collection tools, and the other research group was formed to find answers to the research questions. The first research group included 238 teachers, the second research group included 247 students, and the third research group included 30 teachers and 2156 students. Since the data set was suitable for a two-level structure, the research data were analyzed with a two-level Hierarchical Linear Model. As a result of the research, it was determined that 51% of the variance in middle school students' test anxiety was caused by the difference between teachers. It was determined that as teachers' test anxiety increased, students' test anxiety also increased. It was determined that female students had more test anxiety than male students, students with higher grade levels had more test anxiety than students with lower grade levels, and students with lower grade point averages had more test anxiety than students with higher grade point averages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contributes to the literature that critically engages with the so-called 'twin green and digital transition' by assessing the twin transition as a policy discourse. Our research question is: why and how is the twin transition legitimised and implemented in the European Union (EU) despite recognised pitfalls and uncertainties? The analysis is based on interpretative text analysis of high-level EU policy documents about the twin green and digital transition and of Member States' resilience and recovery plans. The paper assesses the political and socio-economic context as a central factor that explains how the coupling of the green and the digital comes to be seen as desirable. Our results show that innovation associated with the digital imaginary is used to discursively reframe tensions between economic and sustainability policy aims as synergies. Legitimacy is derived not only from the promise of win-win ideas but also from the claimed ability of governing institutions to steer the twin transitions in the desired direction and avoid the recognised risks. With regard to implementation, the twin transition logic guided the allocation of funds by framing the need to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic as an opportunity to accelerate the green and digital transitions. Hence, the digital imaginary merges environmental governance with the governance of innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whether audit firm tenure affects audit quality is a question of longstanding regulatory and scholarly interest. While this question centers on how audit quality changes over time within client-audit firm relationships (longitudinal variation), prior studies tend to instead compare audit quality across relationships of different lengths (cross-sectional variation). We show that conventional pooled cross-sectional tests are subject to selection bias: client-auditor pairs that select into longer versus shorter relationships differ systematically in a variety of ways that also relate to measures of audit quality. These differences exist at the outset of relationships and thus are not attributable to tenure but rather predict the ultimate length of relationships. We then re-examine models of audit quality and tenure after including client-audit firm relationship fixed effects, moving the level of analysis from between clients (cross-sectional) to within client-auditor pairs (longitudinal). We find no evidence that audit quality changes with tenure over time within client-audit firm relationships. The combined evidence suggests that the previously documented association between audit firm tenure and audit quality is likely attributable to selection bias and cannot be taken as evidence of a causal link. More broadly, our results highlight the importance of a design perspective that isolates variation tightly linked to the research question being examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research question: Recent evidence suggests parents and coaches would find value in a collaborative relationship. However, the specific roles of parents and coaches in co-creating value remain unclear. Therefore, this research aims to establish expert coaches' perception of effective collaboration between parents and coaches in the market-driven private youth sport setting. Research methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 expert coaches to examine their perceptions of effective parent–coach collaboration. Results and findings: Through a reflexive thematic analysis, the authors identified four themes explaining expert coaches' perceptions of parent–coach collaboration in market-driven youth sport experiences. The themes include: (1) balancing individual circumstance and private sport system demands; (2) collaboratively developing programming; (3) establishing flexible relationship parameters and (4) navigating involvement boundaries. Implications: These themes were used to create a practical guide for coaches in navigating relationships with 'secondary' consumers of youth sport (i.e. parents). Moreover, a theoretical conceptualization of value co-creation for 'secondary' consumers of youth sport is offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research question: This study aimed to examine how actors across different organizational levels respond to institutional complexity when facilitating elite sport and sport for all. By applying institutional work to understand responses to institutional complexity better, we examined the individual actors' organizational roles and why and how they transformed the complexity in performing day-to-day work. Research methods: Data were collected in a bottom-up approach using qualitative focus groups and in-depth interviews. 149 representatives within Norwegian sport organizations contributed to the study, including coaches, club managers, directors, managers in national sport organizations, and the president of the Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports (NIF) Results and findings: Institutional complexity is differently characterized at the different organizational levels. One common issue across levels is that the institutional complexity of sport for all and elite sport is seen as challenging, especially in the local sport clubs where institutional logics turn into day-to-day activity. The main source of the challenge is unifying the youth players and practitioners' different skills and ambitions, which propagates upwards in the organization. How actors respond to complexity varies within the organizational levels and the different sports. Tensions stemming from complexity are often neglected by the political argument of 'the trickle down and up effects', which to a considerable extent lacks empirical evidence. Implications: We recommend local sport managers prioritize expectation management to counteract a conflict of interests between institutional logics. It is necessary that national governing bodies better align their policies with the interest and organizational capacity of local clubs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research question: How do Asian women faculty's intersecting identities influence the ways in which they identify, fulfill, and negotiate their roles in the White and masculine field of sport management? Research method: We used collaborative autoethnography in which the researchers themselves were the method and the participants for this study. The purpose of using this method was to use systematic introspection and retrospection to understand the researchers' collective experiences. Results and Findings: We provide four narratives of the researchers as the findings. Themes from the narratives included masculinized, Westernized sport as an oppressive institution, forever unsettled between insider and outsider, gendered and racialized/ethnicized immigrant women. Implications: Theoretically, this study extends the use of intersectionality to an understanding of Asian women experiences in the racialized and gendered space of sport. Practical implications include that sport management programs must be designed with Asian and minoritized women in mind and provide relevant resources such as support networks, therapy groups, informal mentoring, and targeted Ph.D. recruiting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Question: The purpose of this study was to: (1) identify the kinds of transitions and turning points college coaches experience (particularly normative vs non-normative), (2) examine how various transitions and turning points in individual lives influence work orientations, and (3) examine how work orientations, transitions, and turning points impact individual work and life outcomes. Research Methods: This study utilized in depth interviews with 30 head college coaches from the United States. The sample consisted of 12 women and 18 men who were 35 years or older and had several years' experience coaching. Results and Findings: Expected and unexpected transitions came from a variety of situations. Coaches discussed coping strategies for managing expected transitions, and the challenges of unexpected transitions, which at times also became turning points that changed work orientations. Several coaches adopted a stronger calling work orientation, while others became more job oriented, however none of the coaches became more career oriented. Also, turning points influenced coaches' level of family engagement, often increasing family involvement. None of the coaches reported reducing family involvement following a life turning point. Implications: These findings help sport administrators to understand the importance of being in tune with their coaches and realizing the influence of life transitions and turning points. These findings also provide needed theoretical insight and understanding about coaches' lived experiences of transitions and turning points, and their impacts on orientations toward work and family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The availability of clinical trial data, advocacy, and increased funding has facilitated the implementation of pharmacometrics in Africa, resulting in the establishment of additional training programs for pharmacometricians. This study conducted a systematic review to evaluate the progress made from the implementation of pharmacometrics in clinical drug development and its adoption into drug approval by regulatory authorities in Africa. We performed a comprehensive literature search using major databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. The study included articles published until 2024, with no lower cutoff. Articles were excluded if not addressing the research question or of pharmacometrics studies done outside Africa with no collaboration with African researchers (study setting). For the review, a total of 121 articles were included for analysis. Among the reported pharmacometrics approaches, Population pharmacokinetics modeling approaches are the most used (95 (78.5%)). South Africa and Uganda researchers have the most research output in pharmacometrics in Africa (82 (89.1%) and 7 (7.61%), respectively), with the University of Cape Town (South Africa) producing the highest (71 (78.8%)) of all article in Africa. The most studied conditions are TB (43 (35.5%)), HIV (33 (27.3%), TB and HIV (22 (18.2%)), and malaria (12 (9.92%). Pharmacometrics is gaining momentum in Africa, and the progress made since inception will significantly improve the safety and efficacy of therapeutic agents used to treat HIV, TB, and other emerging conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reinterprets the Thai discourse of bamboo diplomacy. In a normative study of Thai foreign policy, bamboo diplomacy has been readily taken as a self-explanatory approach behind the resilience of Thailand's position through bending with the prevailing wind of international politics for its survival. However, the oversimplification of this view of bamboo diplomacy belittles the reality in which the making of Thai foreign policy demands careful calculations and even sacrifices from the political elites. Proposing a reinterpretation of Thai diplomacy, the article argues that Thai bamboo diplomacy has been shaped by the interplay between interests and values as a basis of the shift of Thai positions and alliances throughout the country's history. A main research question is: Under which condition is a values-based Thai foreign policy formulated and implemented? While the interests-driven approach has remained central to Thai foreign policy, Thailand has demonstrated some resilience in its shift towards a values-based foreign policy if dictated by domestic and international factors. Under this circumstance, values are vital as a legitimisation mechanism for the shift of foreign policy and alliances for the ultimate attainment of national interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High school students face a complex decision when selecting their future higher education institution. This paper examines the factors influencing the university choices of Hungarian high school students in Romania, with a particular focus on a website that aids them in the decision-making process. The research questions address the criteria they employ to choose a higher education institution, the language they use to gather information, and the role of a Hungarian-language university site in facilitating their decision. The aim of the research is to map the university choice habits of the target audience, exploring aspects such as the importance of the Hungarian language, the significance of studying locally, and the availability of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite cultural differences, the Philippines–Japan partnership is developing an intentional teaching curriculum with parallel standards. However, disparities among their respective educational systems have prompted inequalities. As education plays a critical role in collaboration, we explored the Epistemic Goals (EGs) and Epistemic Practices (EPs) in the biology curriculum, with the research question: How do the epistemic goals and practices of the biology curriculum transmit knowledge and skills in the Philippines and Japan? Using an ethnographic design, we conducted two iterative explorations of EGs and EPs. First, we examined the curriculum policy to determine its EGs. Using the A-B-C-D protocol, we employed discourse analysis to evaluate knowledge and skills in the biology grade-level standards. Second, we examined the articulation of goals in classroom teaching practices. We conducted classroom immersion and observed classes to determine EPs and supported our observations through interviews, synthesizing the data using inductive content analysis. Our findings revealed that the Philippines' EGs were to transmit factual knowledge enhanced by basic science skills, and their EPs were audio-visual materials, gamified instructions, guided inquiry, posing questions, and learning-by-doing. In comparison, Japan's EGs were to provide a solid foundation of theoretical and metacognitive knowledge, integrated science skills, and positive attitudes. Its EPs involved cultivating lasting learning, observation, investigation, experimentation, collaborative discussion, and reflective thinking. Our study makes a meaningful contribution by shedding light on crucial ideologies and cultural identities embedded in Biology curricula and teaching traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This mixed methods study examined how a National Professional Development Grant project's first cohort (2018–2020) in the Midwest impacted mostly White and monolingual inservice teachers who work with emergent bilingual learners (EBLs). Two research questions (RQs) guided this study: RQ1: What were the inservice teachers English language ideologies and their confidence in teaching EBLs after they completed professional development on racially, linguistically, and culturally (RLC) responsive teaching mindsets and pedagogies? and RQ2: How did the inservice teachers respond to prompts about raciolinguistic ideologies and EBLs' use of Standard American English? Quantitative t‐tests and factor analyses on pre‐post teacher surveys were conducted to investigate RQ1. Qualitative open and axial analyses on teachers' reflections to prompts about language ideologies were completed for RQ2. Quantitative results revealed that a majority of the participating teachers reported improved confidence in developing RLC responsive teaching strategies for EBLs. At the same time, their reflections showed that they persisted in their deeply‐rooted raciolinguistic ideologies about English, even though they intended to acknowledge and appreciate EBLs' use of language varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]