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On 26 July 1948, President Harry Truman signed Executive Order 9981, directing the integration of U.S. military forces. Earlier publications on this topic generally covered the origins, proclamation, and implementation of the executive order, and the actions of senior military officers in the Pentagon down to commanders of military installations from mid-1948 to the early 1960s. While these works use specific events at specific installations in specific time frames, none tell the complete story of integration at a specific military installation over time. This article details the actions of installation commanders at Maxwell Air Force Base near Montgomery, Alabama, a central focus of the civil rights movement, from the 1940s to the 1960s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent legislation in Texas effectively prohibits K-12 educators from addressing issues of racism and explicitly prevents teachers from discussing the place of racism in Chicanx relations across Texas history. University educators, and dual-credit instructors especially, must intercede if future generations of learners are going to encounter the true and complete history of border culture, colonialism, and the complex relationship that Chicanx people have with the Southern region of the United States. I argue that the use of digital archives and recovered history like the internet project Are We Good Neighbors? Mapping Discrimination Against Mexicans in 1940s Texas, which catalogs racial discrimination through individual testimony, the Library of Congress database of Mexican American documents, and Chicano! History of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement offer educators an opportunity to incorporate key research skills into the classroom while also establishing a linear context for liminality as a feature of identity formation in contemporary Chicanx literature. The combination of research and critical inquiry is vital to instructing students on the realities of Chicano relations and introducing them to the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement, a key element of American history that is not only conspicuously absent from most K-12 curricula but also an inescapable influence on identity formation and contemporary discussions around Mexican American relations. The use of digital archives to recover and center Chicanx history is actionable on a small scale and serves as an important opportunity to resist anti-ethnic legislation in real time, a vital act of subversion that sidesteps prolonged challenges to censorship at the legislative level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is an interview with Tommy McKearney, a socialist republican from Ireland, discussing the impact of history on contemporary Irish politics. McKearney reflects on the history of colonization in Ireland, the impact on the working class, and the evolution of the IRA's armed struggle. He emphasizes the need for a united socialist movement in Ireland and criticizes the influence of imperialism and capitalism. McKearney also discusses the potential end of partition in Ireland and the opportunity it presents for a socialist Workers' Republic. The interview highlights the importance of organizing for revolution and building a socialist future. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the global quest for educational equity, focusing on the challenges faced by migrants, refugees, and marginalized groups in accessing quality education. It highlights the importance of culturally responsive teaching, language equality, and gender equity in achieving educational equity. The text also explores the impact of nationalism, social class inequality, and the COVID-19 pandemic on educational outcomes. The essays provide insights into various nations' efforts to address educational disparities and promote inclusive education practices. [Extracted from the article]

The dominant narrative of youth activism and the Black freedom struggle in Virginia focuses on Barbara Johns and Prince Edward County. This article widens the dominant historiographical lens to include Black male youth and school desegregation and expands into other Virginia locales, moving the chronology beyond the immediate aftermath of the Brown decisions. Drawing upon archival materials, oral history interviews, newspapers, and reports, it focuses on Charles Alexander of Charlottesville, Virginia, and Owen Cardwell of Lynchburg, Virginia, to interrogate how race, class, and gender shaped their experiences as students and activists. On one hand, Alexander and Cardwell, due to their family's independent socioeconomic status, could contest segregation, anti-Blackness, and white supremacy within and beyond the desegregated school. On the other hand, as Black male youth activists, they became subject to the emerging school-to-prison nexus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript I provide a historical analysis of antiBlackness in the Mexican American struggle for educational equity in Texas that is grounded in the dysconscious racism framework. I focus on the “other White” legal strategy and how Mexican American leaders in Houston in the late 1950s viewed collaborating with the African American Civil Rights movement. To highlight the opposing perspectives, I present a portrait of two rival Houstonian Mexican American leaders through correspondences, speeches, business documents, newspaper articles, oral histories, and secondary sources. The thrust of this manuscript analyzes how differing reactions to 1957 Texas House Bill 231, a bill that stymied school integration efforts, reflect both antiBlackness in the Mexican American civil rights movement and challenges to this way of thinking. I conclude with a call to challenge “racial innocence” in the Latine community and to prepare critically conscious educators who understand historical and current antiBlackness in the Latine community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical Theory is generative for the advancement of subsequent types of progressive theories that seek justice across multiple spectrums of philosophies. Its origin manifested at the Frankfurt School, among a group of privileged White men seeking to eradicate social ills in Germany during World War II while lacking sufficient global experience and understanding to apply the theory to macro injustices. While critical theory did not redress the limitations of the intellectualized vision, the theory was reconceptualized as more encompassing with its forced relocation to the United States, though still limited in its application to the social ills of woman's suffrage and the civil rights movement of Blacks in the United States. In flux, the revised critical theory became propagative. Despite its limitations illustrated here in the work of W. E. B. Du Bois, Critical Theory gave rise to scholarships that highlight injustices across areas it did not foresee that include race, ethnicity, disability, gender, and anticolonialism. As a result of Critical Theory across modernities, some silenced voices can be heard, despite what some have labeled an exclusionary canon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the life and contributions of Ranajit Guha, an Indian historian and founder of the Subaltern Studies collective, who passed away in 2023. It highlights Guha's involvement in anti-colonial socialism during his student days and his support for agrarian socialist revolution in India post-independence. The text also delves into Guha's role in the Naxalite movement, the rise of Subaltern Studies in the 1980s, and his philosophical reflections on revolutionary being towards the end of his life. The article emphasizes Guha's interest in non-human beings and his advocacy for multispecies democracy and human and non-human well-being. [Extracted from the article]

This article explores the leadership of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and its relevance today. It discusses his role in ending segregation and establishing civil rights protections for minorities through effective communication, grassroots organizing, and non-violent resistance. The article also addresses the history of racial lynchings and ongoing struggles for equality faced by black Americans. It concludes with Dr. King's assassination and the continued fight for civil rights. Another text focuses on the civil rights movement in Birmingham, Alabama, highlighting peaceful protests and acts of civil disobedience in the face of injustice. It emphasizes the courage, determination, and hope of those involved, as well as the slow progress towards justice. A third text discusses the Montgomery Bus Boycott, sparked by Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat. It details the boycott's organization by Dr. King and its success in challenging segregation laws. Lastly, a text provides an overview of Dr. King's approach to activism, emphasizing his commitment to nonviolence and ability to engage with diverse perspectives. It presents him as a respected and influential figure in the fight for racial equality. [Extracted from the article]

The Edmund Pettus Bridge, Selma, Alabama, a symbol of the American Civil Rights Movement and an exemplar of early 20th-century engineering, stands as a testament to the progress and challenges of its era. The bridge, recognized for its pivotal role in the 1965 "Bloody Sunday" conflict and the following Selma to Montgomery marches for voting rights, also represents significant engineering achievements with its distinctive design and construction methodology. In this study, the research team presents a comprehensive framework for documenting heritage bridges by utilizing Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) technology, supplemented by other Reality Capture (RC) techniques, including Structure from Motion (SfM), 360-degree photography, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), and integrating the data within a Building Information Modeling (BIM) environment. The focus on the Edmund Pettus Bridge case study demonstrates how this novel approach can capture the intricate details of its structural and architectural features while preserving its historical narratives. The documentation outcomes, including a detailed BIM model and a set of Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) drawings, highlight the effectiveness of combining TLS and BIM in conserving unconventional heritage structures like bridges. This paper also discusses the technological challenges encountered, such as dealing with heavy traffic and environmental constraints during data acquisition and developing the BIM model and drawings. It outlines the strategies implemented to address these issues. This research contributes to preserving a severely under-represented American National Historic Landmark (NHL). It sets a precedent for documenting other non-building heritage structures, balancing technological advancements with historical integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a book by Howard Thurman, a prominent figure in the American Civil Rights movement. The book, "Sermons on the Parables of Jesus," is still relevant today as it addresses issues of oppression, inequality, and isolation. Thurman's sermons provide guidance on finding one's purpose, living according to God's will, and participating in community. The article emphasizes the importance of recognizing the divine core within each person and the responsibilities that come with being a neighbor. It also explores the role of humanity in building a just society and highlights the significance of prayer and trust in God's wisdom. Overall, the text encourages readers to connect with their inner selves and work towards a more compassionate society. [Extracted from the article]

This article examines a little-known fight by African American veterans to desegregate the Pennsylvania National Guard from 1920 to 1948. This narrative follows the life of DeHaven Hinkson, a Philadelphia doctor, veteran, and one of the driving forces behind the movement. Building on scholarship of post–World War I activism and the Long Civil Rights Movement, this article demonstrates the need for scholars to consider not only widespread and national civil rights activism, but also the local and more traditional movements as influential in breaking the grip of Jim Crow on the United States. This article also suggests the need to examine conservative African American efforts at obtaining civil rights and how that conservatism remained a part of civil rights activism beyond the 1940s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues that there is a moral and theological imperative to protest against policies and industries which perpetuate the Climate and Ecological Emergency (CEE). First, evidence is gathered that different church and theological voices are aware of the CEE and engaged with it at some level. Pope Francis' 2023 Laudate Deum and Quaker Faith and Practice are cited in particular. Walter Wink's non-violent Jesus is offered as a rationale for creative, prophetic enactment and non-violent direct action (NVDA); and lessons are learned from the success of the 1960s American Civil Rights movement. The Christian Climate Action movement is outlined as a place where authentic and effective enactment takes place. Lastly, words from Martin Luther King Jr. serve as an indictment on today's church where we fail to offer meaningful protest. A post-script considers 'hypocrisy' and the carbon footprint versus radical, systemic change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the American sociologist W. E. B. Du Bois's 1901 series of New York Times newspaper articles that analyze Black life in New York City, U.S. Topics discussed include Du Bois's examination of racial and class divisions between Northern and Southern African Americans; the historical context of Black urban experiences; and the relevance of Du Bois's insights for contemporary discussions on race and urbanization.

Sharon Monteith's book, "SNCC's Stories: The African American Freedom Movement in the Civil Rights South," provides a comprehensive history of the Student Nonviolent Coordination Committee (SNCC) and its print culture. The book explores the organization's use of literature and writing as a form of activism and as a way to shape its internal culture. Monteith's interdisciplinary approach uncovers the nuances and intersections within SNCC's history, challenging the dominant narrative of the civil rights movement. The book also highlights the contributions of SNCC's women writers and delves into the psychological trauma experienced by activists. While the content may be dense, the book offers valuable insights into SNCC's activism and its impact on social change. [Extracted from the article]

This document is an index from the Southwestern Historical Quarterly, providing a comprehensive overview of the articles and subjects covered in the journal. It includes various topics such as the 118th United States Colored Infantry, abolitionism, African Americans in different contexts, accreditation of Texas colleges and universities, battles and conflicts, medical advancements, architecture, and more. The index serves as a reference guide for further research and does not provide detailed information or analysis on these topics. It contains a list of names, locations, events, and references to books and articles related to Texas history, racial integration, and the Civil War. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses about Woody Guthrie's racial transformation within the framework of the "Long Civil Rights Movement," highlighting his evolution from racist renderings to an antiracist stance. Topics include Guthrie's engagement with the Communist Party, critical reactions from Black media, and unanswered questions about his association with the Party and Black newspaper owner Charlotta Bass.

"The Power of Non-violence: The Enduring Legacy of Richard Gregg" by John Wooding is a biography that explores the life of Richard Gregg, an American lawyer who became a disciple of Mahatma Gandhi and made significant contributions to the American civil rights movement. The book also delves into the personal journey of the author, an Englishman, as he examines his own relationship with his father through his work on Gregg. The biography highlights Gregg's time in India, his involvement in the Indian independence movement, and his writings on non-violence and voluntary simplicity. Overall, the book offers a compelling portrait of a quiet and dissenting radical whose ideas remain relevant today. [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "Suspending Policy Implementation for Higher Good: A Reflection on Nehemiah 5:14-16," examines the sacrificial acts of Nehemiah, a governor tasked with rebuilding Jerusalem's walls. Nehemiah's true character is revealed through his selfless acts for the welfare of his people, as recorded in Nehemiah 5:14-16. The article explores the historical context of Nehemiah's actions, the role of policies in organizations, and examples of other sacrificial leaders such as Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi, Mother Teresa, and Martin Luther King Jr. Christian leaders are encouraged to emulate Nehemiah's behavior for the greater good. [Extracted from the article]

The comprehensive digital documentation of the Edmund Pettus Bridge, a symbol of the American Civil Rights Movement located in Selma, Alabama, serves as an example of integrating Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) technologies for the conservation of heritage infrastructure. This study aimed to employ advanced TLS and other Reality Capture (RC) techniques to generate a high-resolution, three-dimensional representation of the bridge, thereby aiding in its structural assessment and preservation. Utilizing TLS alongside 360-degree photography and UAV surveys, the project achieved detailed coverage of the bridge's architectural and structural features. The data collected was processed into a BIM model using Autodesk Revit, offering comprehensive analysis and preservation planning. The findings from this research highlighted previously undetected areas of material degradation and structural vulnerabilities, emphasizing the value of TLS and BIM in revealing critical insights into the condition of heritage structures. This project preserved the digital memory of an iconic Civil Rights landmark and set a framework for applying digital documentation technologies in heritage infrastructure conservation. The success of this methodology offers a valuable precedent for future conservation efforts, showcasing how RC technologies can enhance the preservation of historical sites and ensure their legacy is maintained for future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of American Studies of Turkey (JAST) is the property of Journal of American Studies of Turkey (JAST) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Comparing Lars Gustafsson's novel Tennisspelarna (1977) and Sven Delblanc's novel Åsnebrygga (1969) as two similar accounts of a Swedish professor and writer encountering American campus life in the years around 1970, this article analyzes the differences between Europe and the United States from various perspectives, using Jean Baudrillard's travelogue America as a guide. I tentatively read the novels as autobiographies, campus novels, and travelogues. Thereby, I study the treatment of time, space and the human body in the novels, uncovering the role of the desert and of the fitness cult, as well as the way the novels treat the civil rights movement and new developments in media and technology. In the end, I argue that the encounter with America is treated as an expansion of media ecology and that the narrators experience a serious case of future shock: America is shown as a world that is deeply simulational, more science-fictional than real. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an index of articles published in Volume 52 of Communication Booknotes Quarterly in 2021. The articles cover a wide range of topics, including the history of revolution, Spanish-language cinema in Los Angeles, the influence of Gary Larson's "The Far Side," the politics of pleasure and violence, the erosion of journalistic authority, amateur media and participatory cultures, American intelligence in Federalist New Hampshire, the emergence of photography, film, and television in American literature, and many more. The articles explore various aspects of communication, media, culture, and society, providing valuable insights for researchers and scholars. One specific article titled "Your Post Has Been Removed: Tech Giants and Freedom of Speech" delves into the issue of freedom of speech in relation to tech giants. It examines how social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter have the authority to remove or censor content, and the implications this has for freedom of expression. The article also analyzes the role of these platforms in shaping public discourse and the challenges they face in balancing free speech with the need to combat hate speech and misinformation. Overall, it offers a critical analysis of the impact of tech giants on freedom of speech in the digital age. [Extracted from the article]

The article reviews the exhibition "Black Americans, Civil Rights, and the Roosevelts, 1932–1962" at the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum in New York from June 3, 2023 to December 31, 2024.

Since winning the Academy Award for Best Picture in 1968, Norman Jewison's In the Heat of the Night has been considered a landmark of Hollywood civil rights cinema. In Virgil Tibbs, generally considered the silver screen's first Black detective, Sidney Poitier captured widespread anger over the glacial pace of social change in the early 1960s. Yet In the Heat of the Night also works to reproduce post-war Hollywood's narrative regionalization of racism, in which discrimination, racial violence, and forms of institutional and structural racism are construed as distinctly southern phenomena. With emphasis on specific production decisions involving Stirling Silliphant's screenplay, Jewison's directorial choices, and the calculations of industry executives, this article considers how Hollywood's "redneckification" of racism works to efface not only histories of racism in the American North and West but also the Canadian racism which marked Jewison's Toronto childhood and animated his anti-racist sensibilities as a filmmaker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uncovers the financial knowledge and bond market campaigns of the paradigmatic non-violent revolution of the twentieth century—the civil rights movement. It builds on an interpretation made by the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) during the early 1960s: segregation was a national problem because it was financed through a network of bankers across the country who specialized in the business of debt; certified by prominent bond attorneys in New York City, Chicago, and elsewhere; and because investors from around the country collected tax-exempt interest payments from indebted southern segregated municipalities. By weaving the internal memos, protest ephemera, and legal strategies of civil rights activists together with the credit assessments, scheduled bond offerings, and perspectives of financiers, this article reconstructs the attempts to politicize bond market transactions and efforts to place the economic certainty of segregation in doubt. In so doing, it offers a fresh perspective on the so-called classic phase of the civil rights movement (1954–1965). More generally, it raises powerful questions about the dilemmas of investment-focused campaigns, and how finance capital compounds the difficulties of organizing against authoritarian regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the video work "In-Mates" directed by Yuki Iiyama, which was banned by its sponsor, the Japan Foundation, and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government's Human Rights Department due to concerns about its reference to the massacre of Koreans during the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923. The film is based on the medical records of two Koreans who were committed to a mental hospital in Tokyo in 1930 and includes rap performances by FUNI in response to their experiences. The article explores themes of censorship, historical revisionism, discrimination, and the struggle for freedom and liberation. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Çankaya University Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences is the property of Cankaya University Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Love is never considered as a transformative force. Love is generally perceived merely as an affective-emotional thing and personal relationship. Love does not have any practical implication in transforming society. Through Alain Badiou's theory of love, it can be demonstrated that love has the power to impact the world. According to Badiou, philosophy is a truth procedure that is always occurring in the arena. Politics, science, art, and love are the arenas in which philosophy operates. Thus, it is possible to talk about love philosophically. Philosophy aims to change the world since love is one of the arenas where philosophy operates. Based on the descriptive analysis method in interpreting Alain Badiou's works; Being and Event and In Praise of Love, it implies that love can generate a transformative action. The case of miscegenation marriage between Mildred Jetter, an African-Indigenous American, and Richard Loving, a white male, during the civil rights movement in the US, can illustrate the role of love in transforming the world. Alain Badiou's theory of love explains that love can transcend personal dimensions, and it is not purely a romantic feeling and personal relationship but also a transformative force. Thus, this study brings a new perspective on love theoretically and practically because love is not merely an emotion but also a force for change with social dimensions in practicality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the heroes in American history, Associate Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall (1908-1993) sought legal remedies against racial discrimination in education and health care. As director of the Legal Defense Fund (LDF) of NAACP from 1940 to 1961, his success in integrating law schools in Texas led to the first black medical student admitted to a state medical school in the South. Representing doctors and dentists needing a facility to perform surgery, the LDF brought cases before the courts in North Carolina that moved the country toward justice in health care. His ultimate legal victory came in 1954, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the decision that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional. In 1964, the LDF under Jack Greenberg, Marshall's successor as director, won Simkins v. Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital, a decision that held that hospitals accepting federal funds had to admit black patients. The two decisions laid the judicial foundation for the laws and administrative acts that changed America's racial history, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Social Security Act Amendments of 1965 that established Medicare and Medicaid. His achievements came during the hottest period of the American civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. Well past the middle of the twentieth century, black Americans were denied access to the full resources of American medicine, locked in a "separate-but-equal" system woefully inadequate in every respect. In abolishing segregation, Marshall initiated the long overdue remedy of the unjust legacies of slavery and Jim Crow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]