Search

This paper discusses issues related to the coverage of problems that arise when entering information about a committed criminal offense into the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations (URPI), as well as problems that arise for authorized persons during its conduct at the stage of pre-trial investigation. The process of introduction of the information and telecommunication system of pre-trial investigation is analyzed. The need to improve and expand the functionality of the Unified Register of Pre-Trial Investigations and the information and telecommunication system is emphasized. The purpose of the Register, its functionality, as well as the form of maintaining the Unified Register of Pre-Trial Investigations are considered. The reasons why the Register is critically important for the pre-trial investigation, as well as who are the subjects of legal relations of the Register, are clarified, it is emphasized that the owner and administrator of this Register is the state represented by the Prosecutor General's Office, and the owner of the processed information is the Prosecutor General's Office. The process of Authentication in the Register and the information and telecommunication system, as well as the signing of electronic documents, which are carried out using a personal key and the corresponding qualified public key certificate issued by a qualified provider of electronic trust services of the prosecutor's office of Ukraine, in compliance with the requirements of the legislation in the field of electronic trust services, is studied. The peculiarities of registration of criminal offenses on the basis of applications, reports received by the prosecutor's office, pre-trial investigation or inquiry, or on circumstances identified by the prosecutor, investigator, investigator from other sources that indicate the commission of a criminal offense are analyzed. The Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine on the Introduction of an Information and Telecommunication System of Pre-Trial Investigation» has been studied and the Attorney General's order dated 30.06.2020 No. 298 «On Approval of the Regulation on the Unified Register of Pre-trial Investigations, the Procedure for its Formation and Maintenance, as well as Problems Arising During Investigative (Search) Actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors conducted a systematic research of the legal areas of improvement of the State Agency for Reconstruction and Development of Infrastructure of Ukraine. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that at this stage of the State Agency's activities there are a number of unresolved legal issues that require regulatory regulation, in particular, the establishment of a «legislative framework» for the reconstruction processes, distribution of powers between it, state and local authorities and other participants in the reconstruction process, introduction of an electronic document flow system from the contractor to the Treasury, unification of decision-making procedures in regional reconstruction services, etc. It is established that the competence of the State Agency was significantly changed after the full-scale invasion of the russian federation, in particular, in terms of ensuring the elimination of the consequences of armed aggression and reconstruction of infrastructure. That is why, given the short period of the State Agency's functioning, the authors have analysed the key legal acts on the reconstruction and direct activities of this body, the involvement of international technical assistance in the reconstruction processes in Ukraine, and identified areas for improving its activities in accordance with the leading international practices and standards. On the basis of this analysis, the authors focus on the need to adopt a separate law to define the charter of the State Agency for the Reconstruction and Development of Infrastructure of Ukraine. It is substantiated that it would be strategically prudent to adopt the Law of Ukraine «On the Basic Principles of Reconstruction of Ukraine» (working title), which would provide for a special status for the State Agency for Reconstruction and Development of Infrastructure of Ukraine. It is concluded that the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine should decide to increase the number of employees of the State Agency to 190 and to enshrine the plan for the State Agency's capacity and transformation in the Government's programme documents. The State Agency is recommended to develop a target operating model of the Agency's IT strategy and automation of business processes of the Reconstruction Services (in particular, ERP systems), and document management systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tonsillectomy is a commonly performed procedure in pediatric ENT departments worldwide. To comprehensively evaluate the morbidity associated with tonsillectomy techniques and potential factors that impact outcomes The present study examined the entirety of pediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy at CUCH during the years 2021 and 2022. Comprehensive scrutiny was conducted on admissions and readmission data, which encompassed hospital episode statistics, operative notes, patient questionnaires, and electronic records. A total of 690 procedures were identified in our records, with 399 males and 291 females ranging in age from 1 to 13 years. The main indications for surgery included sleep-disordered breathing and recurrent tonsillitis. Among the patients, 233 underwent the surgery as a day case. Coblation intracapsular technique was used in 52% of cases, dissection method in 37%, and coblation extracapsular method in 10%. The incidence of post tonsillectomy bleeding (&infection) was 8.19%(1.75%),14.89%(2.08%), 1.65%(1.65%) for dissection, coblation extracapsular and coblation intracapsular techniques respectively. Coblation intracapsular tonsillectomy has shown the lowest rate of postoperative hemorrhage compared to other techniques. Senior surgeons (consultants) had the lowest rate of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: STS101 is an investigational drug–device combination comprising 5.2 mg dihydroergotamine (DHE) powder (6.0 mg DHE mesylate) in a single-use nasal delivery device for the acute treatment of migraine. The primary objective of the ASCEND trial was to assess long-term safety and tolerability of STS101 in the acute treatment of migraine attacks across 12–18 months, with secondary objectives describing efficacy. Methods: ASCEND was an open-label study of STS101 in adults aged 18–65 years with a ≥ 1 year history of migraine with or without aura, with onset before the age of 50 years and 4–12 migraine attacks/month and < 15 headache days/month in each of the 3 months prior to screening. Exclusion criteria included diagnosis of non-migraine headache, history of cerebrovascular disease, and ≥ 2 cardiovascular risk factors. After establishing eligibility, participants could self-administer STS101 5.2 mg as needed for up to 2 doses within 24 h to treat a single migraine attack and up to 12 doses/month. Safety and tolerability evaluations included physical and nasal examinations, vital signs, laboratory tests, and treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) assessments. Participants used an electronic diary to record exploratory efficacy parameters, including intensity of headache pain and associated migraine symptoms (photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea). Participant impression questions were asked at months 3, 6, and 12. Results: Of the 6610 migraine attacks treated with a total of 8234 STS101 doses in 344 participants, 945/6610 (14.3%) were associated with a TEAE. Events were predominantly mild or moderate in nature and rarely led to premature study discontinuation (15/344 [4.4%] participants). Treatment was associated with rapid onset of freedom from pain (36.6%, 67.1%, and 85.5% of treated attacks 2, 4, and 24 h post-dose, respectively), freedom from most bothersome symptoms (54.3%, 79.6%, and 91.3%), and headache relief (66.5%, 89.1%, and 94.3%). Most participants rated treatment results as good or very good and ease of use as easy or very easy at all time points (months 3, 6, and 12) and indicated they were likely or very likely to use STS101 again. Conclusions: The repeated long-term, as-needed use of STS101 was well tolerated, demonstrating a favorable safety profile in the acute treatment of migraine attacks in appropriately indicated adults. Exploratory efficacy evaluations indicated beneficial effects, which warrant further evaluation. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identification NCT04406649. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The threat of disinformation features strongly in public discourse, but scientific findings remain conflicted about disinformation effects and reach. Accordingly, indiscriminate warnings about disinformation risk overestimating its effects and associated dangers. Balanced accounts that document the presence of digital disinformation while accounting for empirically established limits offer a promising alternative. In a preregistered experiment, U.S. respondents were exposed to two treatments designed to resemble typical journalistic contributions discussing disinformation. The treatment emphasizing the dangers of disinformation indiscriminately (T1) raised the perceived dangers of disinformation among recipients. The balanced treatment (T2) lowered the perceived threat level. T1, but not T2, had negative downstream effects, increasing respondent support for heavily restrictive regulation of speech in digital communication environments. Overall, we see a positive correlation among all respondents between the perceived threat of disinformation to societies and dissatisfaction with the current state of democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces, defines and analyzes the concept of digital provenance. I begin by comparing provenance, data provenance and digital provenance, focusing on research literature in archival studies, digital preservation and media archeology. The remainder of the article is divided into two parts, first examining three dimensions of digital provenance and then considering how digital provenance might be of use in the four main archival functions. An understanding of digital provenance is necessary for archivists to process born digital records; but more than this, it is necessary for archivists and archival users to understand the context and content of born digital records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every modern socially active person in Ukraine uses mobile devices and has access to the Internet, state institutions have switched to electronic document management, the stable operation of the banking sector, railways, air transport and large companies depends on the stability of the cyberspace in which they work and rely on communication using electronic means. In the conditions of martial law, the activities of state authorities and local self-government bodies are reduced to assisting the governing bodies created in individual regions in the direct performance of national defense tasks. In the system of state authorities operating under martial law, internal affairs bodies occupy a special place due to the nature of the tasks they perform under these operational conditions. Effectiveness of internal affairs bodies is vital for the direct provision of internal security. It is for this purpose that it is necessary to clearly define the competence of internal affairs bodies. After all, only the presence of certain powers ensures compliance with legality in the performance of functions by services and divisions of internal affairs bodies. Of course, for the successful implementation of the tasks assigned to the Ministry of Internal Affairs under martial law, the duties and rights of the Ministry of Internal Affairs must correspond to the basic principle that new duties correspond to new rights. It is very important to include in the system of coercive measures the expansion of the powers of internal affairs bodies during the introduction of martial law. Internal security officers cannot go beyond the permitted methods and means of carrying out security operations. In our opinion, the scope of powers of the employee of internal affairs bodies in such cases should be expanded. The complexity of the powers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is reflected in the internal management of various instit utions. The legislation of Ukraine on criminal responsibility, which was developed for the needs of peacetime, turned out to be insufficiently effective in the field of combating crime in the situation of armed aggression of the Russian Federation. Such a situation necessitated the urgent adaptation of the legislation of Ukraine to the conditions of martial law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the legal support for electronic document management in Ukraine. It is determined that the introduction of innovative transformations in Ukraine in the context of information technology development involves the use of modern forms and methods of work based on electronic information exchange. Numerous forms and methods that have been used for decades in the field of information and communication relations for information processing have proven to be unjustified and ineffective in the new social and information and innovative realities. Electronic document management has replaced paper document management. The study found that the electronic document management system in Ukraine is undergoing a long path of development and formation. The introduction of electronic document management contributes to the digital modernization of Ukraine. The availability of reformed legislation is important for carrying out qualitative changes, which generates legal certainty of the status of subjects of the process of significant transformations. The electronic form of documents provides the necessary level of information security for participants in legal relations, since the exchange of documents occurs in encrypted form using a qualified electronic signature. It has been established that there is a saving of human and material resources that were previously used for printing, sending and storing documents. Remote advantages provide mobility and convenience of document transfer via electronic document management platforms or e-mail. The implementation of this document management system allows creating electronic archives for more efficient document storage. It has been established that the main effect of introducing electronic document management is resource-based. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the risks of introducing electronic document management by both state and local government bodies a nd business entities. The state of electronic document management in Ukraine in the field of public administration has been analyzed and ways of its further development have been identified. It has been established that the legal support for electronic document management requires further development, updating, balance, harmonization with international legal norms and standards. Implementation of high-quality legal, institutional, organizational, and managerial transformations in the sphere of public administration in the context of European integration requirements based on the recognition of a person as the highest social value is an urgent vital necessity, which will contribute to the development of Ukraine as a competitive state with a strong economy and advanced technologi es. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To serve a convenient healthcare network, storing medical images and diagnosis records in the cloud is a straightforward solution. Encrypting the medical images before uploading them to the cloud is a trivial strategy to prevent data breaches. However, the availability of images is also reduced. Since all images look noisy, one cannot obtain the intended image by a quick viewing of the file folder. In this paper, we propose a total solution to these considerations. A reversible data hiding scheme based on thumbnail-preserving image encryption is presented. By leveraging a multi-scale Haar wavelet transform and extended run-length coding, we can produce thumbnail-preserving encrypted medical images that provide a sufficient vacating room for embedding electronic patient records. The experimental results demonstrate that our scheme effectively balances the confidentiality and availability of encrypted medical images. It provides over 1 bit per pixel of capacity for embedding electronic patient records, making it suitable for cloud-based medical data management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objective Methods Results Conclusions Post‐term pregnancy, defined as reaching or exceeding 42 + 0 weeks of gestation, is known to be associated with unfavourable birth outcomes. High‐income countries have responded to this risk by widely adopting labour induction protocols in late‐term, but many low‐ and middle‐income countries have not. However, understanding underlying mechanisms linking post‐term births to adverse newborn and infant outcomes remains limited.To investigate the (a) prevalence of post‐term, (b) the risk factors associated with post‐term (c) the association between post‐term births and the risk of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) neonates and of infant mortality in middle‐income settings.We used existing electronic datasets from the general population of Brazil, Mexico, and Palestinian refugees. Regression models were used to explore the associations between post‐term birth and SGA and infant mortality.We analysed 21,335,033 live births in Brazil (2011–2018), 23,416,126 in Mexico (2008–2019), and 966,102 in Palestinian refugees (2010–2020) (N = 45,717,261). Post‐term deliveries accounted for 3.1% of births in Brazil, 1.2% in Mexico, and 2.1% in Palestinian refugees. Post‐term births had approximately three times the risk of resulting in SGA neonates compared to term births. Additionally, post‐term neonates exhibited a 15% to 40% increased risk of infant mortality compared to term infants. Notably, post‐term SGA neonates faced a significantly increased risk of infant mortality compared to term appropriate for gestational age neonates.These findings emphasise the critical significance of implementing induction strategies to prevent post‐term pregnancies and mitigate the associated risks of SGA neonates and subsequent infant mortality. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of accurately determining gestational age and using INTERGROWTH‐21st charts to improve the identification of SGA cases, enabling targeted interventions. This is especially relevant because post‐term SGA neonates may not exhibit low birthweight (a commonly used risk marker) and, therefore, may miss out on required specialised attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Premise Methods Results Discussion One of the slowest steps in digitizing natural history collections is converting labels associated with specimens into a digital data record usable for collections management and research. Here, we address how herbarium specimen labels can be converted into digital data records via extraction into standardized Darwin Core fields.We first showcase the development of a rule‐based approach and compare outcomes with a large language model–based approach, in particular ChatGPT4. We next quantified omission and commission error rates across target fields for a set of labels transcribed using optical character recognition (OCR) for both approaches. For example, we find that ChatGPT4 often creates field names that are not Darwin Core compliant while rule‐based approaches often have high commission error rates.Our results suggest that these approaches each have different strengths and limitations. We therefore developed an ensemble approach that leverages the strengths of each individual method and documented that ensembling strongly reduced overall information extraction errors.This work shows that an ensemble approach has particular value for creating high‐quality digital data records, even for complicated label content. While human validation is still needed to ensure the best possible quality, automated approaches can speed digitization of herbarium specimen labels and are likely to be broadly usable for all natural history collection types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The rise in popularity of ride share e‐scooters has led to an increase in the number of e‐scooter injuries, with existing literature reporting increases in rates of admission by more than 350%. In April 2023, the Broome Shire signed a contract to provide 300 e‐scooters as part of a shared micro mobility platform. This study aimed to describe the demographics, clinical presentation and health system utilization of patients presenting with e‐scooter‐related injuries at Broome Regional Hospital (BRH). Methods: A retrospective cohort study examined all e‐scooter‐related injuries presenting to BRH between April 1st 2023 and April 30th 2024. Patients with e‐scooter injuries described in their Emergency Department (ED) electronic triage records were included. Data was collected from chart review. Results: A total of 190 patients were identified as having sustained an e‐scooter injuries over the 12‐month trial period. The median age was 26 years with equal numbers of males and females. Most injuries occurred between 6 pm and 12 am (28%) with 53% of patients reporting being intoxicated, while 75% were not wearing a helmet. Almost all patients (80%) were managed in the emergency department because of the low severity of their injuries. Of the remaining patients, 22 were admitted, with 16 transferred for tertiary‐level operative management. Conclusion: The introduction of e‐scooters for shared micromobility represents a new cause of trauma related presentations to BRH. Our study's results have raised awareness regarding the incidence and severity of electric scooter injuries in Broome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The expansion of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic may widen digital divides. It is essential to better understand the use of telehealth by the elderly population for the development of equitable telehealth tools. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the socioeconomic, clinical, and functional characteristics of elderly patients who were supported by a COVID-19 telehealth program. It also investigated the characteristics associated with the need for support for teleconsultations, hospitalization, and mortality. Methods: >Elderly patients supported by the TeleCOVID-MG program, between June 2020 and December 2021, in two Brazilian municipalities (Divinópolis and Teófilo Otoni) were included. Data were collected from electronic records and through phone call interviews. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were performed. Results: Among the 237 patients,121 were women (51.1%), mean age was 70.8 years (±8.5), 121 (51.1%) had less than 4 years of formal education, 123 patients (51.9%) had two or more comorbidities, and 68 (29%) reported functional decline in activities of daily life. Age greater than 80 years (odds ratio [OR]:4.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.93–11.37, p = 0.001), lower educational level (OR:3.85, 95% CI 1.8–8.21, p < 0.001), hearing (OR:5.46, 95% CI: 1.24–11.27, p = 0.019), and visual (OR:15.10, 95% CI: 3.21–71.04, p = 0.001) impairments were characteristics associated with the need for support for teleconsultations. The need for support was associated with hospitalization and mortality (OR:5.08, 95% CI: 2.35–10.98, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Older age, lower educational level, and sensory impairments may compromise the effectiveness and the safety of the telehealth assistance to the elderly population. Functional evaluation and frailty screening should be considered part of the telehealth assessment of elderly patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A comprehensive collection of data on doses in adult computed tomography procedures in Australia has not been undertaken for some time. This is largely due to the effort involved in collecting the data required for calculating the population dose. This data collection effort can be greatly reduced, and the coverage increased, if the process can be automated without major changes to the workflow of the imaging facilities providing the data. Success would provide a tool to determine a truly national assessment of the dose incurred through diagnostic imaging in Australia. Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop an automated tool to categorize electronic records of imaging procedures into a standardized set of broad procedure types, to validate the tool by applying it to data collected from nine facilities, and to assess the feasibility of applying the automated tool to compute population dose and determine the data manipulations required. Methods: A rule‐based classifier was implemented capitalizing on semantic and clinical rules. The keyword list was initially built from 609 unique study descriptions. It was then refined using an additional 414 unique study descriptions. The classifier was then tested on an additional 1198 unique study descriptions. Input from a radiologist provided the ground truth for the refinement of the classifier. Results: From a sample of 238 139 studies containing 2794 unique study descriptions, the classifier correctly classified 2789 study types with only five misclassifications, demonstrating the feasibility of automating the process and the need for data pre‐processing. Dose statistics for 21 categories were compiled using the 238 139 studies. Conclusion: The classifier achieved excellent classification results using the testing data supplied by the facilities. However, since all data supplied were from public facilities, the performance of the classifier may be biased. The performance of the classifier is yet to be tested on a more representative mix of private and public facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain is a common presenting symptom in surgical patients, with a wide range of differentials, particularly in premenopausal females. This study explores ultrasound usage in the management of women aged 16–55 years presenting with RIF pain. Methods: A total of 1,082 patients who presented to a tertiary hospital over 12 months were included. Data were collected from patients' electronic records, including initial clinical impression, imaging, management, operative findings, histology and subsequent hospital attendances within 6 weeks and within 6 months. Results: Following clinical assessment, 607 (56%) of patients underwent an ultrasound. Of these, 280 (25.9%) patients received no radiological imaging on initial presentation, and 252 (42%) had pathology identified on ultrasound. The most common finding was an ovarian cyst, closely followed by unexplained free pelvic fluid. Of the 607 patients scanned, 29 (4.8%) had an ultrasound diagnosis of appendicitis; 254 of 1,082 (23.5%) patients underwent operative management. Of the 254 patients who had surgery, 179 (70.5%) had preoperative imaging. Of the 29 (11.4%) cases where the intraoperative finding was gynaecological, 15 (51.7%) cases had not had any preoperative imaging. The negative appendicectomy rate was 21.3% (45/211). Of the 45 patients who had a histologically normal appendix, 22 (48.9%) had not had any previous imaging. Ultrasound had a specificity of 78% for diagnosing appendicitis. Conclusions: In patients who underwent operative management, a negative finding or finding not requiring surgical management was associated with no preoperative imaging. This supports the use of ultrasound scans as an adjunct in a multimodal approach to the assessment of women presenting with RIF pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To explore the prevalence of synchronous and metachronous tonsillar cancer in patients with base of tongue cancer, as well as identifying potential risk factors linked to these secondary malignancies. We aim to answer the following question: Should bilateral tonsillectomy be recommended to patients diagnosed with base of tongue cancer? Methods: A case-series study was conducted at Aarhus University Hospital, including all patients with histologically confirmed base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma treated between January 2012 and December 2021. Data from electronic patient records, including diagnosis of prior, synchronous or metachronous tonsillar cancer, demographics, and clinical features were analysed. Fisher's exact test was performed to assess factors associated with synchronous and metachronous tonsillar cancer. Results: Among 198 patients with base of tongue cancer, 5.6% had a history of tonsillar cancer, either prior to (4.5%), synchronous (0.5%), or metachronous (0.5%) to the base of tongue diagnosis. The prevalence of synchronous or metachronous tonsillar cancer among patients without previous bilateral tonsillectomy was 1.2%. Patients with tonsillar cancer were older, had heavier smoking histories, and exhibited less frequent P16-overexpression. Conclusion: Our findings deepen understanding of tonsillar cancer in patients with base of tongue cancer. The prevalence of synchronous or metachronous tonsillar cancer was found to be relatively low, suggesting that routine tonsillectomy for all base of tongue cancer patients is not warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Vitamin-K antagonists (VKA) are considered the first-line anticoagulants for thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (TAPS), particularly with triple positivity or arterial events. However, thrombotic recurrence remains high despite anticoagulation and other clinical issues may arise. Long-term parenteral anticoagulants may therefore be considered, however little is known about the viability of fondaparinux in this setting. Materials and Methods: We describe the efficacy and safety of long-term fondaparinux for TAPS (>3-months duration) treated at a single centre in the UK. Clinical features and the outcomes of recurrence and bleeding were reviewed using electronic patient records. Results: 46 patients were identified with history of either venous or arterial TAPS and a total 175 patient-years using fondaparinux (median duration 2.7 years/patient (IQR 1.4–4.8)). 43 (93%) had VKA as first-line anticoagulation with a median duration of 6.5 years (IQR 4.0 – 9.8). All patients received fondaparinux as second-to fourth-line anticoagulation. Thrombosis recurrence occurred in 1 (1%) patient (0.6 events/100-patient years). Major, clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) or minor bleeding occurred in 2 (7%), 5 (10.9%) and 8 (17.4%) patients respectively. Major/CRNM bleeding rates were 1.1 and 2.9 events/100-patient-years. Age >65years was associated with bleeding (p =.047) and concurrent antiplatelets were associated with major/CRNM bleeding (p =.011). Logistic regression showed increasing age was associated with bleeding (OR = 1.097, p =.009). Conclusions: We suggest that fondaparinux may be used for TAPS when VKA is not appropriate. Thrombotic recurrence was infrequent, and the number of major bleeding events appeared comparable to conventional therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted on a sample of 447 adults in Spain who recorded their digital consumption habits upon waking up in the morning, still in bed. The analysis instrument included a total of 67 parameters related to the device, content consulted, and perceived cost-opportunity, which involved 29,949 open-ended responses. The results demonstrate that, upon waking, individuals utilise their mobile devices to access WhatsApp, the alarm application, and Instagram, thereby compromising their sleep time, improving their organisational skills, initiating the day with a sense of calm and composure, and engaging in physical exercise. It is imperative that society integrates attention economy and digital self-criticism as educommunicative practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palaeolithic graphic activity documentation is essential not only for its preservation and dissemination but also for its scientific analysis. Nowadays, researchers can use advanced techniques such as photogrammetry, lidar, or structured light scanning to record this heritage. However, there is a lack of studies comparing these three technologies. Therefore, this article presents a comparison of these techniques based on three variables: namely, time employed, geometric reconstruction, and resolution. The study examines how these factors affect the final result of the digital recording of rock art. A mold of Rock 11 from Domingo García (Segovia, Spain) and the archaeological panel S.4 from La Salud (Salamanca, Spain) have been used as test control examples. The results indicate that photogrammetry using a DSLR camera is the most efficient technique, providing the necessary reconstruction to obtain scientific data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Histopathological findings associated with definite vasculitis in temporal artery biopsy (TAB) defined in 2022 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) was published in 2022. We aimed to evaluate the TAB of our GCA patients for histopathological findings associated with definite vasculitis. Patients who were diagnosed with GCA by clinicians and underwent TAB between January 2012 and May 2022 were included. Hospital electronic records and patients' files were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 90 patients' pathology reports were evaluated by a pathologist and a rheumatologist. In cases where microscopic findings were not specified in the pathology reports, histopathologic specimens were re-evaluated (n = 36). A standard checklist was used for histopathological findings of definite vasculitis. Patients were divided into two groups; (i) definite vasculitis-GCA and (ii) non-definite-GCA group, and the clinical and demographic characteristics for all patients were compared. The mean age of patients was 69.8 (± 8.5) years and 52.2% were female. In the first evaluation, 66 (73.3%) patients had a diagnosis of vasculitis according to pathology reports. In the re-evaluation of biopsy specimens, at least one definite finding of vasculitis was observed in TAB of 10/24 (41.6%) patients whose microscopic findings were not specified in the pathology reports. The ROC analysis showed that biopsy length had diagnostic value in predicting the diagnosis of definite vasculitis (AUC: 0.778, 95% CI: 0.65–0.89, p < 0.001). In those with a biopsy length of ≥ 1 cm, sensitivity was 76.5%, specificity was 64.3%, and PPV value was 92. In multivariate analysis, the most significant factor associated with definite vasculitis was biopsy length (OR: 1.18 (1.06–1.31), p = 0.002). Microscopic findings were reported in over 70% of patients. Reinterpretation of results according to a standard check-list improved the impact of TAB in the diagnosis of GCA. A biopsy length ≥ 1 cm was found to contribute towards a definitive histopathological vasculitis diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ABI Technik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We study the lifetime effects of the first and largest American youth employment and training program in the United States—the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), 1933–1942. We match newly digitized enrollee records to census, World War II enlistment, Social Security, and death records. We find that longer service in the CCC led to improvements in height, health status, longevity, geographic mobility, and lifetime earnings but did not improve short-term labor market outcomes, including employment and wages. We address potential selection into CCC duration using several approaches, most importantly two newly developed control-function approaches that leverage unbiased estimates of the short-term effects of a randomized controlled trial of Job Corps (the modern version of the CCC). Our findings suggest that short- and medium-term evaluations of employment programs underestimate effects because they fail to capture lifetime effects and often ignore or underestimate health and longevity benefits that increase in magnitude at later ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

University dropout is a social issue that directly impacts both families and the state, characterized by disparities in enrollment and graduation based on various factors. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the determinants of university dropout supported by multifactorial analysis at a private university in Ecuador. This research was conducted within a post-positivist paradigm with a quantitative approach, utilizing digitized statistical records of students and results from a personalized survey sent to dropouts via email. Out of a total of 1,078 students admitted and/or enrolled over 5 years, a sample was analyzed from the 484 who dropped out. Student dropout is associated with personal, familial, economic, academic, and institutional factors, contributing to school abandonment with an estimated probability of 44.90%. In conclusion, a higher dropout rate was observed among male students from public institutions who did not complete the first cycle, despite having a higher number of enrollments at the university. Finally, the Multilevel Logistic Regression model can predict with 76.44% accuracy the behavior of the independent variables affecting school dropout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Methods Results Conclusion To evaluate the value of enhanced optometric services for managing neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD) and glaucoma in primary care optometry services, instead of hospital eye services (HES).Seven enhanced optometric service pathways in primary care in Wales were assessed with a mixed‐methods approach: three for nAMD and four for glaucoma. The methods were a patient‐related experience measure (PREM), a Realist Review and Evaluation involving both patients and staff, a discrete event simulation model estimating the economic impact of the pathways and a workforce survey of optometrists to gauge capability and capacity.Patient‐related experience measure responses (802) indicated that primary care experience was comparable to that of HES. Utilising enhanced optometric services in primary care resulted in reduced wait times compared with HES, with suspected nAMD shortened to 4–5 days and glaucoma monitoring to 5 days. Waiting lists were dramatically reduced with primary care‐based services to just three people waiting for nAMD and five for glaucoma, compared with 216 and 5691 people, respectively, in HES. Consultant ophthalmologist time was reduced from 57% to 15%–16% for nAMD services and from 48% to 22%–23% for glaucoma services. Integrating enhanced optometric services into primary care incurred a similar cost. The workforce survey confirms that optometrists possess the skills and qualifications and are willing to deliver these enhanced optometric services. The Realist Review and Evaluation revealed that clear patient communication, effective coordination and strong interprofessional communication between optometrists and ophthalmologists along with a shared electronic record are crucial to the success of this change.Providing enhanced optometric services in primary care for nAMD and glaucoma brings substantial benefits for the UK National Health Service and patients, including reduced waiting times, waiting lists and released HES capacity. The success of this transition hinges on clear patient communication, administrative co‐ordination and effective interprofessional communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of procedural efficacy, safety, and patient outcomes between 2 distinct approaches for percutaneous antegrade double-J ureteral stent (DJS) insertion: the first-hand approach and via a nephrostomy route. Methods: Electronic records of patients undergoing percutaneous antegrade ureteral DJS placement from January 2016 to 2023 were reviewed. Patients were categorized into 2 groups based on stent placement technique: the first-hand group, involving a single-stage approach without prior percutaneous nephrostomy catheter insertion, and the nephrostomy group, where stent placement occurred through a percutaneous nephrostomy tube. Clinical data, including patient demographics, primary diagnoses, procedural details, complication rates, stent placement success, and post-procedural outcomes, were collected and analysed. Results: Both approaches demonstrated high technical success rates (93.1%). However, the nephrostomy route group exhibited a comparatively higher fluoroscopy exposure rate (8.2 min) than the first-hand group (6.8 min). Moreover, the complication risk increased by 3.08 times in patients treated with the nephrostomy method (P = .047). Notably, in cases of urinary malignancies, the preference was for placing DJS via nephrostomy. Conclusion: The first-hand approach should be prioritized as the initial choice in suitable cases owing to its reduced fluoroscopy time, lower complication rate, and the single-stage nature of the procedure. Advances in knowledge: With the exception of cases necessitating urgent drainage, such as post-renal acute renal failure and urosepsis, the first-hand method is the primary approach for inserting DJS. This is primarily due to the significantly shorter radiation time and the single-stage nature of the procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sessile serrated lesions (SSL) account for up to 30% of colorectal carcinoma pathogenesis. With multiple classification changes and improvements in colonoscopy equipment and technique, historical reporting may have underestimated the true incidence of SSLs. This study aimed to determine the incidence of SSLs in patients undergoing colonoscopic investigation in Canterbury, New Zealand over a 1‐year period and describe their clinical and pathological characteristics. Methods: Electronic records were searched to identify all lower endoscopy procedures with polypectomy performed from 1 January 2022 to 1 December 2022 (inclusive). Patients' electronic records were used to collect histological classification, location and size of each polyp removed during their procedure. The primary outcome was the number of procedures that had one or more SSL, adenoma or hyperplastic polyp identified. Secondary outcomes included histological classification, location and size of each polyp removed. Results: There were 4346 procedures completed during the study period. Of these, 64.1% (2786) had a polypectomy and 18.6% (808) had at least one SSL excised. Individual polyp analysis was completed on 9166 polyps and found that 24.0% of polyps removed were SSLs and they were found predominately in the right colon (65.1% right colon, 32.6% left colon, 2.3% rectum). SSLs were typically <10 mm (84.8%). Conclusion: This study found a higher incidence of SSLs compared to previous research. These results raise questions regarding whether SLL rates have been historically underestimated, whether SSL detection rate should be included as a key performance indicator and raises further concerns regarding the use of computed tomography colonography as a screening tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The growing integration of digital technologies in orthodontics is shifting the orthodontic diagnosis and recordkeeping paradigm, replacing conventional plaster models with intraoral scanning and 3D photography. This study investigated the impact of orthodontic plaster models on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning decisions by orthodontists. Methods: Thirty-three orthodontists assessed six patients' records with different malocclusion cases. Each case was assessed twice by each orthodontist evaluating a case: the first evaluation with digital records without diagnostic casts and the second evaluation with the added diagnostic orthodontic plaster model. Diagnostic and treatment plan decisions for each malocclusion case were compared with and without the aid of the diagnostic orthodontic plaster models to assess the plaster model's impact on the treatment plan's soundness. Results: Statistically insignificant differences were found for the diagnoses and treatment plans with or without the aid of orthodontic plaster models. Intraclass correlation coefficients revealed agreement among orthodontists for both evaluated situations (0.685; p < 0.0001). Plaster models were found to significantly influence orthodontists' decisions about the need for surgical intervention (p = 0.026), but they did not significantly impact the overall malocclusion diagnostic classification nor the decision regarding the extent of treatment, whether comprehensive or limited (p = 0.146) and extraction versus non-extraction approaches (p = 0.266). Conclusions: These findings support the idea that digital record alternatives may be viable for orthodontic recordkeeping purposes. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the presence or absence of orthodontic plaster models does not significantly impact the orthodontic diagnosis or treatment planning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications significantly reduce symptomatology at a group level, but individual response to ADHD medication is variable. Thus, developing prediction models to stratify treatment according to individual baseline clinicodemographic characteristics is crucial to support clinical practice. A potential valuable source of data to develop accurate prediction models is real-world clinical data extracted from electronic healthcare records (EHRs). Yet, systematic information regarding EHR data on ADHD is lacking. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of studies that included EHR reporting data regarding individuals with ADHD, with a specific focus on treatment-related data. Relevant studies were identified from PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Science databases up to February 24, 2024. Results: We identified 103 studies reporting EHR data for individuals with ADHD. Among these, 83 studies provided information on the type of prescribed medication. However, dosage, duration of treatment, and ADHD symptom ratings before and after treatment initiation were only reported by a minority of studies. Conclusion: This review supports the potential use of EHRs to develop treatment response prediction models but emphasizes the need for more comprehensive reporting of treatment-related data, such as changes in ADHD symptom ratings and other possible baseline clinical predictors of treatment response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advances in 3D scanning have enabled the digital recording of complex objects as large-scale point clouds, which require clear visualization to convey their 3D shapes effectively. Edge-highlighting visualization is used to improve the comprehensibility of complex 3D structures by enhancing the 3D edges and high-curvature regions of the scanned objects. However, traditional methods often struggle with real-world objects due to inadequate representation of soft edges (i.e., rounded edges) and excessive line clutter, impairing resolution and depth perception. To address these challenges, we propose a novel visualization method for 3D scanned point clouds based on dual 3D edge extraction and opacity–color gradation. Dual 3D edge extraction separately identifies sharp and soft edges, integrating both into the visualization. Opacity–color gradation enhances the clarity of fine structures within soft edges through variations in color and opacity, while also creating a halo effect that improves both resolution and depth perception of the visualized edges. Computation times required for dual 3D edge extraction are comparable to conventional binary statistical edge-extraction methods. Visualizations with opacity–color gradation are executable at interactive rendering speeds. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using 3D scanned point cloud data from high-value cultural heritage objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the current proliferation of training opportunities available in digital preservation, this study asks: what are the most in demand digital preservation instruction topics? To answer this question, we did a qualitative content analysis of 168 Professional Development Support applications received by the Digital Preservation Outreach and Education Network (DPOE-N) between September 2020 and December 2023. The study finds that the management of digital records and metadata/cataloging standards were the most requested training topics, and that general and broadly applicable skills tend to be the most sought after. This indicates that there is a continuing need to provide education focusing on the core elements of digital preservation and knowledge, and that we have not moved on yet to a place where cultural heritage professionals are solely seeking skills in more advanced or specialized digital preservation topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of this study is conditioned by the significant importance of the organisation of electronic document management in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the broad prospects that open up during the digitalisation of state archives. The purpose of the study is to investigate the key aspects of the digitalisation of archives in Kazakhstan at the current stage of the country's economic development. The basis of its methodological approach was a theoretical investigation of the processes of digitalisation of archival information under the conditions of practical application of the electronic document management system in the Republic of Kazakhstan, with the results obtained indicating the major significance of the digital transformation of archives in the context of the programmes Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 827 "About Approval of the State Program "Digital Kazakhstan" (2017) and "Information Kazakhstan-2020": State Program (2021) adopted at the state level. The sequential transfer of archival information to digital media for storage offers numerous advantages over traditional paper media, with the state level in Kazakhstan regulating the digital transformation of archives and the adoption and use of a unified electronic document management system by enacting a number of laws that regulate a wide range of related issues. The introduction of an electronic document management system has also established numerous advantages, largely determining the significant prospects for the development of this system of interaction between organisations (state, public, legal entities, and individuals). The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their application in the organisation of the activities of enterprises and organisations of the Republic of Kazakhstan that implement measures to digitalise archival data within the unified electronic document management system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intraoperative ultrasound (iUS) imaging has emerged as a promising adjunct in glioma surgery with both, 2-dimensional (2D) as well as navigated 3-dimensional (n3D), modes increasingly being used. Methods: We analyzed our decade-long experience of 1075 brain tumor (807, 75% gliomas) cases operated using iUS. A retrospective chart and electronic records review was performed. The primary aim was to understand the patterns of use of iUS mode and its purpose of application (as a localizing tool or as a resection control modality) as well as to evaluate its impact on the extent of resection. Results: The use of iUS increased over time, especially with the introduction of n3DUS though 2DUS remained the more commonly used mode (63%) overall during this period. For biopsies (156 cases), both 2D, as well as n3D iUS, were used as a localizing tool only. Lesion localization was the major purpose for use of iUS even for tumor resections (61%). Resection control was performed more often for gliomas (46.5% compared to 16.5% in non-glial tumors). n3DUS was the preferred modality as a resection control tool irrespective of histological class. GTR (gross total resection) was achieved in 53.1% cases overall, while in glial and non-glial tumors it was 44.7% and 80.7%, respectively. GTR was higher when iUS was used as a resection control modality. The US and MR defined EOR (extent of resection) showed substantial agreement (κ = 0.678) with high diagnostic accuracy of 84% for glial tumors. In glial tumors, iUS was used more often in eloquent tumors and GTR rates were slightly higher than when iUS was not used. Conclusion: iUS is a versatile tool and is a useful surgical adjunct for glioma surgeons. Besides its proven benefit as a localizing tool, when used as a tool for resection control it improves the resection rates. n3DUS may offer benefits over 2DUS as a resection control modality, though the evidence is still evolving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• ECV decreases the need for cesarean delivery. • One of the barriers to the introduction of ECV is the lack of self-efficacy. • Simulation-based training is a safe approach for the acquisition of technical skills. • There is scarce research on its effectiveness in the implementation and success rate of ECV. • In settings where there is a dedicated team, training courses may not improve the success rate of ECV. To compare the success and complication rates of external cephalic version before and after the implementation of a simulator-based training program at a tertiary care university centre with a dedicated external cephalic version team. In this single-center intervention study , the success rate and the complication rates of external cephalic version in the two years before the implementation of a simulation-based training program for all specialists and residents, were compared with the two years following the event. T- student, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square tests were used. All data were extracted from the hospital's electronic patient records. A total of 96 external cephalic versions were performed in the 2 years before the training program, and 74 after the training program. The overall success rates were similar between the two groups: 44.8 % before training and 43.2 % after training (p = 0.824). No major complications occurred, and no emergency cesarean deliveries were performed in either period. In a tertiary care university training center with a dedicated team in external cephalic version, a structured simulation-based training program did not impact the success rate or the complication rates of the procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a highly atherogenic particle identified as an independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This study aimed to investigate the frequency of Lp(a) testing and the incidence of elevated Lp(a) levels in the Pakistani population. Methods: For this observational study, Lp(a) and lipid profile data from five years (June 2015 to October 2020) were acquired from the electronic patient records of a diagnostic laboratory with a countrywide network. The association of age and total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-HDL, and triglyceride (TG) levels with two thresholds for Lp(a), that is, <30 mg/dL and =30 mg/dL, was calculated using the Kruskal-Wallis test, while the association between Lp(a) levels and lipid variables was calculated using Spearman correlation. Results: For five years, 1060 tests were conducted, averaging 212 tests per year. Of these, 37.2% showed Lp(a) levels above 30 mg/dL. No significant differences were observed in the results between males and females. However, younger individuals displayed significantly higher Lp(a) levels. Additionally, there was only a weak correlation between the Lp(a) levels and other lipid variables. Conclusion: Despite being recognized as a risk factor for ASCVD in the Pakistani population, only a small proportion of the large population underwent Lp(a) testing. Moreover, a significant proportion of the population exceeded this threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study discusses the impact of digital transformation on records management and long-term preservation strategies in Oman. It aims to explore enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of records management and preservation over extended periods through digital transformation. The study employs a qualitative methodology using analytical approaches to investigate the experiences and practices of various institutions in Oman, focusing on challenges and opportunities related to digital transformation in this domain. Methodologically, data collection includes interviews and documentary analysis of digital transformation strategies and projects in both governmental and private institutions in Oman. Findings indicate that digital transformation can significantly improve records management by reducing costs, increasing the speed and accuracy of information access, and facilitating archiving and preservation processes. However, the study also reveals challenges, such as the necessity of adopting modern technologies to ensure the security and safety of digital documents against cyber threats. The study concludes that institutions in Oman need to develop robust technological infrastructures and provide appropriate training for staff in digital technologies to enhance administrative capabilities and achieve the full benefits of digital transformation. Furthermore, the study recommends establishing clear policies and procedures for managing digital documents to ensure their long-term continuity. Overall, the study demonstrates that digital transformation presents a significant opportunity for improving records management and preservation but requires commitment and strategic planning to ensure success and maximize the benefits of these technological advancements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This work aims to establish a template containing a skeletal version of the existing Repository of Didactic Processes Data (RDPD) along with its environment and, by utilizing this system, to develop universal installation scripts enabling the implementation of the repository at any university in Poland. These scripts are used for cloning, meaning the template replication. They are intended to enable the implementation of Repository as a Service (RaaS) launched on demand by the service recipient. Design/methodology/approach: The RDPD skeletal version is developed as a system offering repository functionality for managing data from didactic processes. It does not contain visual identification elements and data. To operate, the skeletal version needs an environment that requires creating a VM on Proxmox and installing the OS and applications needed for RDPD: PostgreSQL, Apache, Tomcat, Solr, and Angular. The RDPD skeletal version and its environment create a template which is cloned by Ansible scripts running sequentially. Ansible scripts also configure the created clone. The university then only needs to customize the system and feed the repository with data. Findings: The university (client) provides identification parameters to generate a virtual machine (VM), ultimately containing the repository. In response, the RDPD system is automatically replicated and configured on a clone of the template in line with the parameters provided. Practical implications: A solution was proposed allowing for the automatic implementation of the RDPD repository at any Polish university. Hence, the provision of a service to generate a ready-to-use version of the RDPD system is significantly convenient for universities. Originality/value: The developed RDPD system, dedicated strictly to storing and managing data generated by a university, can be automatically implemented and configured per request. There are no such solutions, which is the original element of this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pamukkale Medical Journal is the property of Pamukkale Journal of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this clinical epidemiological investigation was to examine the oral health conditions of homeless people in the city of Rome, Italy. A total of 157 homeless subjects were subjected to a first dental visit, during which anamnestic information was recorded in a digital medical record. A diagnosis of dental disorders was performed by assessing oral hygiene conditions, periodontal health, the presence of caries and/or root residues, and the presence of partial and/or total edentulousness. Caries and missing teeth were evaluated by the DMFT index. The first major criticality was represented by poor or absent oral hygiene. The examined sample showed a major percentage of high DMFT (63.0%); the most common clinical condition was the presence of numerous root residues. Regarding periodontal health, 73.2% of patients had gingivitis, 21.6% periodontitis, while 11 patients had periodontal pathologies with tooth mobility (7%). Finally, 8.9% of patients had one or two missing elements, 22.9% had partial edentulousness, and 8.9% of the sample had total edentulism. This analysis provides an important basis for strengthening health promotion and the importance of accessible and effective care for this population. It will therefore be necessary to continue to adopt a patient-centered approach geared towards addressing the demands that this population faces in maintaining their oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management of cancer is challenging due to non-targeting and high side effect issues. Drug repurposing is an innovative method for employing medications for other disease therapy in addition to their original use. Simvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase inhibitor, is a lipid-lowering drug that is being studied for the treatment of cancer in various in vitro and in vivo models. Nanotechnology offers a potential platform for incorporation of drugs with enhanced pharmaceutical (solubility, release characteristics, stability, etc.) and biological characteristics (targeting, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic). Utilizing a variety of resources such as Scopus, Springer, Web of Science, Elsevier, Bentham Science, Taylor & Francis, and PubMed, a thorough literature search was carried out by looking through electronic records published between 2003 and 2024. The keywords used were simvastatin, drug repurposing, anti-cancer simvastatin, pharmaceutical properties of simvastatin, simvastatin nanoformulations, simvastatin patents, clinical trials, etc. Numerous articles were looked for, filtered, checked out, and incorporated. Pure simvastatin has been researched as a repurposed medication for the treatment of cancer in several in vitro and in vivo models, such as carcinoma of the lung, colon, liver, prostate, breast, and skin. Simvastatin also incorporated into different nanocarriers (nanosuspensions, microparticles/nanoparticles, liposomes, and nanostructured lipid carriers) and showed improvement in solubility, bioavailability, drug loading, release kinetics, and targeting. Clinical trial and patent reports suggest potential of simvastatin in cancer therapy. The preclinical studies of pure simvastatin in in vitro and in vivo models showed the potential for its ability to inhibit cancer cell growth and further incorporation into nanoformulations strengthened its preclinical and pharmaceutical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives and importance of the study: Pharmacist-administered vaccination has expanded in Australia but has not been comprehensively assessed. We aimed to assess the pharmacists’ role in vaccination in Australia before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the completeness of data on pharmacist-administered immunisations. Study type: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We analysed data on pharmacist-administered vaccinations that were reported to the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) between 2016 and 2019, categorised by gender, jurisdiction, age group and vaccine type. We conducted a national survey of community pharmacists providing vaccination services during June and July 2020 to understand how pharmacists record and report vaccinations to the AIR. We assessed data completeness by comparing the number of vaccinations reported by surveyed pharmacists to the number recorded on the AIR. Results: 576 780 pharmacist-administered vaccinations were recorded on the AIR between 2016 and 2019, of which 94.7% were influenza vaccines. The proportion of vaccinations given by pharmacists increased each year, from <0.001% in 2016 to 2.7% in 2019. Between 2017 and 2019, rates of pharmacist-administered vaccinations were highest among people aged 60–64 years (2046 per 100 000 people) and those living in regional areas (1074 per 100 000 people). Among 243 survey respondents, 57.8% (126/223) reported vaccinations to the AIR automatically via software, 27.8% (62/223) manually entered data and 13.5% (30/223) used both methods. Of the 87 665 vaccination encounters recorded by 121 respondents, 82.2% (72 045/87 665) were recorded on the AIR. There were more AIR-recorded encounters from those who reported automatically via software (84.8% [49 309/58 134]) than from those who manually entered data (68.3% [12 127/17 746]). Conclusions: Pharmacists have an increasing role in providing vaccination services in Australia, with great potential to improve coverage among adults and populations in regional locations. Measures introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic may have increased the uptake of electronic methods of recording and reporting data, which can improve data completeness. Our results provide an assessment of the first 5 years of pharmacist vaccination services in Australia, against which future evaluations of the impacts of policy changes during the COVID-19 pandemic can be compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing from Michel Foucault's reading of Immanuel Kant's essay "What is Enlightenment?," and specifically his definition of ascesis , we associate maturity with a capacity for, and interest in, forming the self. On the basis of an empirical study of making vinyl records following the successful commercialization of digital media, we identify micro-disciplinary techniques of self-forming that emerge as enthusiasts steadily learn the craft of vinyl record manufacturing. It is, we argue, through technology, rather than against it, that organizational immaturity can be resisted. Craftwork involves testing and transforming, rather than just acquiring, traditional skills. Maturity involves an ongoing struggle of selectively and reflectively engaging with technologies via attempts to be the subject of one's own subjection. The former contributes to the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In Norway, we have offered testing of PMS2 since 2006, and have a large national cohort of carriers. The aim of this study was to describe all PMS2 variants identified, and to describe frequency, spectrum and penetrance of cancers in carriers of class 4/5 variants. Methods: All detected PMS2 variants were collected from the diagnostic laboratories and reclassified according to ACMG criteria and gene specific guidelines. Data on variant, gender, cancer diagnosis, age at diagnosis, and age at last known follow-up was collected on all carriers of class 4/5 variants from electronic patient records. The Kaplan-Meier algorithm was used to calculate cumulative risk of any cancer, colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer. Results: In total, 220 different PMS2 variants were detected. Twenty nine class 4/5 variants were identified in 482 carriers. The most common pathogenic variant was the founder mutation c.989-1G > T, detected in 204 patients from 58 families. Eighty seven out of 482 (18.0%) had been diagnosed with colorectal cancer, 10 of these (11.8%) before 40 years. Cumulative risk at 70 years in our cohort was 34.7% for colorectal cancer and 26.1% for endometrial cancer. Conclusions: After 15 years of genetic testing, 29 different class 4/5 variants have been detected in Norway. Almost half of Norwegian PMS2 carriers have the founder variant 989-1G > T. Penetrance of colorectal cancer in our cohort was moderate but variable, as 11.5% of those diagnosed were younger than 40 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objectives Overview Conclusions Clinical Significance To classify the complete‐arch implant scanning techniques recorded by using intraoral scanners (IOSs).Different implant scanning techniques have been described for recording complete‐arch implant scans by using IOSs. However, dental literature lacks on a classification of these implant scanning techniques. Implant scanning techniques aim is to record the 3‐dimensional position of the implants being scanned, while implant scanning workflows require additional scans to record all the information needed for designing an implant prosthesis. This additional information includes soft tissue information, tooth position, antagonist arch, and maxillomandibular relationship.There are five complete‐arch implant scanning techniques captured by using IOSs: non‐splinting, non‐calibrated splinting, calibrated implant scan bodies, calibrated frameworks, and reverse impression methods. The digital workflow varies depending on the implant scanning technique selected.The understanding of the varying implant scanning techniques and the main differences among them may ease the decision criteria for recording digital implant scans by using intraoral scanners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data rescuers worldwide have been trying to retrieve millions of valuable weather historical records so the observations contained in those records are preserved, searchable, analysable and machine readable. The majority of the records are written by hand, in print or cursive handwriting. Automatic transcriptions to date have not been reliable or sufficiently accurate on handwritten data so most of the historical records are transcribed manually. Recent attempts integrate artificial intelligence (AI) to automatically transcribe the historical records but the results have not been promising. Currently there is no end‐to‐end workflow to automatically transcribe historical handwritten tabular records into digital datasets. We propose a workflow that uses AI to automate the handwriting transcription process. The workflow is tested using the historical climate records from the Data Rescue: Archives and Weather (DRAW) project. This workflow is composed of five steps: (1) image pre‐processing, (2) text line segmentation, (3) bounding boxes detection, (4) AI‐enabled optical character recognition (OCR) and (5) layout re‐arrangement. These steps are modular to better accommodate future advances (e.g., new image training data, better layout detectors). We hope the workflow proposed can serve as a guideline that is easily replicable and can be utilized to transcribe other historical datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of big data technology, electronic documents are more and more widely used. Aiming at the characteristics of large amount of data, complex format and non-standard information data of electronic documents, this paper uses data mining technology to realize the correlation construction between documents. Firstly, on the basis of dynamic incremental association rules, according to the characteristics of electronic document business, the association rules are improved. Secondly, the advantages of Boolean matrix operation, original data association rules and frequent 2-item set are used to improve the acquisition ability of the system for frequent items of document features. The experimental results show: that algorithm in this paper has higher computational efficiency in the process of file increment change and deletion change, and is suitable for electronic file processing in the case of big data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a blind watermarking scheme has been proposed for medical image authentication. The scheme can embed patients' records in digital format into a digital copy of a computerized scan. In this scheme, an Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) is applied to the medical image prior to the embedding procedure. Here LH, HH, and HL sub-bands of the IWT are used for watermark embedding. To ensure the security of the scheme a SHA-512 hash algorithm is applied to the watermark, and the hash value is embedded within the digital copy of the scanned image to ensure the authenticity of the scanned copy. Depending on a shared secret key, the IWT coefficients are selected from random positions before embedding the watermark. The results show that the proposed scheme achieved 78.5 dB PSNR with an NCC value of 0.9805, and SSIM is near about 1 after embedding 65,280 bits of watermark information. The experimental outcomes are compared with some state-of-the-art schemes to show the superiority of the proposed scheme in terms of robustness and imperceptibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In recent years, eHealth has received much attention as an opportunity to increase efficiency within healthcare organizations. Adoption of eHealth might consequently help to solve perceived health workforce challenges, including labor shortages and increasing workloads among primary care professionals, who serve as the first point of contact for healthcare in many countries. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the impact of general eHealth use and specific eHealth services use on general practice workload in the pre-COVID-19 era. Methods: The databases of CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase, IEEE Xplore, Medline ALL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched, using combinations of keywords including 'eHealth', 'workload', and 'general practice'. Data extraction and quality assessment of the included studies were independently performed by at least two reviewers. Publications were included for the period 2010 – 2020, before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: In total, 208 studies describing the impact of eHealth services use on general practice workload were identified. We found that two eHealth services were mainly investigated within this context, namely electronic health records and digital communication services, and that the largest share of the included studies used a qualitative study design. Overall, a small majority of the studies found that eHealth led to an increase in general practice workload. However, results differed between the various types of eHealth services, as a large share of the studies also reported a reduction or no change in workload. Conclusions: The impact of eHealth services use on general practice workload is ambiguous. While a small majority of the effects indicated that eHealth increased workload in general practice, a large share of the effects also showed that eHealth use reduced workload or had no impact. These results do not imply a definitive conclusion, which underscores the need for further explanatory research. Various factors, including the study setting, system design, and the phase of implementation, may influence this impact and should be taken into account when general practices adopt new eHealth services. Study registration number: PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) CRD42020199897; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=199897. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, reversible watermarking has drawn significant interest from the research community. Watermarking engineering is the practice of embedding a piece of hiding information into a digital medium for several applications including Copyright Protection, Ownership Assertion, and Data Authentication. Reversible watermarking techniques possess the ability to regenerate the embedded message in its entire and without any slightest degradation at the decoding side. The research work presented a novel reversible watermarking technique based on Depth Image Based Rendering (DIBR) for three-dimensional television (3DTV). The proposed technique is inspired by the idea of Difference Expansion (DE). Instead of computing and expanding dv in the same image, the disparity, or the shift error, between the stereoscopic left and right images is used along with the payload as a watermark, which is subsequently embedded in the depthmap of the image. The advantage of doing so is that the depthmap alone can be used in computing the stereoscopic images again. The outcome of the experimental results demonstrates that the proposed technique is reversible with high embedding capacity and imperceptibility. This novel contribution promises ownership protection through the watermark and can generate anaglyph images without the corresponding left and right images. It is also easy to implement in 3DTV DIBR systems for digital display and recording. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]