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One of the most frequent malignant tumors seen in clinics is primary liver cancer, also referred to as the "king of cancers." Therefore, the necessity for an effective and precise detection technique is urgent. Compared with the cantilever beam, the double-ended clamped beam has the characteristics of higher resonance frequency and stronger noise immunity, so it has a good application prospect as a biosensor. This paper takes the double-ended clamped beam biosensor as the object and focuses on the method that can be applied to the early diagnosis and detection of liver cancer. The manufacturing process of the double-ended clamped beam and the biofunctional modification of the beam surface were introduced. Meantime, this paper introduces the integration of the composite double-ended clamped beam biosensor system. As a result, a high-sensitivity, high-reliability in situ real-time monitoring technology for early-stage liver cancer is proposed. A composite double-ended clamped beam made of silicon and silicon nitride is used. The size of the double-ended clamped beam is 280 µm × 50µm × 5µm. This paper provides a low-cost, portable, and rapid early diagnosis method for liver cancer, which has very significant application value in the field of early cancer screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The performance of electrochemical sensors is mainly limited by the intrinsic properties of electrocatalysts fabricated on the electrode. Introducing a p‐n heterojunction into semiconducing electrocatalysts is an effective strategy to enhance the sensing performance. In this paper, p‐n‐heterojunction‐based CuO/CeO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal process, and the effect of different Cu/Ce molar ratios was explored. p‐CuO/n‐CeO2 was found to exhibit higher conductivity and electrocatalytic activity toward the target superoxide anion (O2.−) when compared to both bare CuO and CeO2. Characterization shows that different Cu/Ce ratios in p‐CuO/n‐CeO2 materials result in a considerable variation in the Ce3+/Ce4+ level, and energy band gap of CeO2, greatly affecting the electrochemical performance of p‐CuO/n‐CeO2. Under optimized conditions, these sensors exhibit high sensitivity and low detection limit toward O2.−. These results demonstrate that the performance of semiconductor‐based electrochemical sensors may be enhanced by the electron‐transfer process of p‐n junction interfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whereas metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are being widely explored in the application of electrocatalysis, the electro-inert organic ligands in MOFs have negative effects on electron transfer. Here, we suggest a facile electrochemical cathodization treatment for the controllable evolution of a Cu-MOF to improve its electrocatalytic performance. When a cathodic potential was applied, Cu-based structures evolving from Cu-MOF with different crystal phases, surface compositions, and morphologies were harvested by controlling the cathodization time. The obtained copper-based structures were found to have much higher activities than the as-synthesized Cu-MOF for glucose electrocatalysis in alkaline media. A 60 second cathodization treatment resulted in the largest sensitivity for glucose electrocatalytic sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]