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Objective To comprehensively understand the dynamic transcriptional landscape during infection through investigating the temporal molecular changes in macrophages RAW 264.7 upon infection with Salmonella typhimurium SL1344. Methods Macrophages RAW 264.7 were infected with Salmonella typhimurium SL1344, and cell samples were collected at 0 h, 8 h, and 16 h for RNA-sequencing(RNA-seq). Upstream and downstream analyses of the transcriptome data including differential gene expression, clustering, functional annotation, and molecular network studies were conducted to elucidate the signaling pathways changes in macrophages. Results Infected macrophages exhibited significant morphological and transcriptional changes. Differential gene analysis identified significant upregulation and downregulation patterns. Clustering revealed six gene clusters involving various signaling pathways, such as immune response, membrane transport, and lipid catabolic process. Conclusions Macrophages dynamically respond to Salmonella typhimurium infection, displaying distinct temporal gene expression patterns. The coordinated activation of immune response, membrane transport, and lipid catabolic process pathways implies a multifaceted cellular adaptation to external infections, providing essential insights into the molecular mechanisms of macrophage response to Salmonella typhimurium infection.

Objective To investigate the effect of cisplatin treatment on the transcriptional level of human liver cancer cells by conducting transcriptome sequencing analysis after treating human liver cancer cell lines with different concentrations of cisplatin (CDDP). Methods Liver cancer cell lines HepG2 and Huh7 were incubated with cisplatin at different final concentrations of 0,20,50,100 and 200 μmol/L. After 12 hours, cell viability, immunofluorescence and RNA-sequencing(RNA-seq) were performed. Differential gene expression analysis (DEG), KEGG pathway analysis, and protein-protein interaction network analysis were conducted. Results Cisplatin decreased cell viability and increased DNA damage in HepG2,Huh7 cells. Among the genes regulated after cisplatin treatment at different concentrations, 59 genes were commonly up-regulated in both HepG2 and Huh7 cells, while 81 genes were commonly down-regulated. The commonly upregulated genes were mainly enriched in cancer initiation and progression pathways.The 81 commonly down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in Rap1 signaling pathway, Ras signaling pathway, signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, axon guidance, and cell adhesion-related pathways. Survival analysis of key nodes in the protein-protein interaction network of commonly upregulated and downregulated genes revealed a significant correlation between high expression of Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit (JUN) and prolonged patient survival and a significant correlation between low expression of growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha (GADD45A) and prolonged patient survival. Conclusions The study revealed common transcriptional changes in liver cancer cells under cisplatin treatment. Differential expression of JUN and GADD45A is a potential core mechanism to explain drug resistance. This conclusion provides some important prognostic indicators for clinical treatment.

This paper summarized the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment and nursing management of hypovolemic shock due to recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in a patient with abnormal coagulation function. The symptomatic treatment was carried out based on the risk assessment, and comprehensive interventions such as airway management, complication prevention, psychological intervention, dietary guidance, medication care, Chinese herbal medicine intervention were implemented during the treatment. The gastrointestinal bleeding was controlled and no adverse reaction was observed during the treatment. (总结1例凝血功能异常患者因反复消化道出血继发低血容量性休克的中西医联合用药护理经验。通过科学评估, 积极对症治疗, 同时开展呼吸道管理、并发症防治、心理干预、饮食指导、用药指导、中药干预等护理措施, 患者消化道出血停止, 且治疗期间未出现其他不良反应, 症状得到改善并顺利出院。)

Timely and accurate monitoring is a prerequisite to survey the types, quantities, quality, and distribution of various natural resources. Currently, satellite remote sensing is the major observation method, which has advantages in observation scale, fast speed, and low cost. However, with the increasingly precise management of natural resource, satellite remote sensing faces some shortcomings in observation timeliness, dynamism, and accuracy. To solve these problems, combining space-based, air-based, and ground-based observation technologies can offer an effective approach by taking the advantages of each technology. This study focuses on development and applications of an integrated space-air-ground observation network to avoid the insufficiencies of individual monitoring method in natural resource monitoring and supervision. In this paper, we combined satellite remote sensing, drone photography, video surveillance, and field survey to establish an integrated space-air-ground observation network, proposed a cooperative observation mechanism in observation task, scale, and time. Then monitoring indicators and supervision process was established via indicator library and workflow engine, realizing closed-loop management of “discovery, analysis, verification, disposal, and cancellation” for natural resource monitoring and supervision. Afterward, by connecting the observation network and following the closed-loop management process, a cross terminal software was designed and developed to achieve process automation of natural resource monitoring and supervision. Finally, the observation network and software was put into practice, and the results indicate that the integrated space-air-ground observation network can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of natural resource of monitoring and supervision.

ObjectiveTo provide basis for effective prevention and control of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by cross contamination of raw and cooked food in China’s Mainland， the reletive epidemiological characteristics was studied from 2010 to 2020.MethodsThe outbreaks of foodborne diseases caused by cross-contamination of raw and cooked food in the food processing link reported by the national foodborne disease outbreak monitoring system from 2010 to 2020 was collected， and a descriptive analysis of its epidemiological characteristics was conducted.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2020， the national foodborne disease outbreak monitoring system reported 667 （1.85%） foodborne disease outbreaks caused by cross-contamination of raw and cooked foods， including 11 766 cases of illness and 4 deaths. The high incidence seasons were the second and third quarters. The high incidence area was the southern area. The occurrence places were mainly catering service places （66.4%， 443/667） and collective canteens （22.6%， 151/667）. Causal food （excluding unknown food， multiple food and mixed food） mainly included meat （26.2%，175/667） and aquatic food （14.1%， 94/667）. Pathogenic microorganisms and toxins were the main pathogenic factors. The top three were Vibrio parahaemolyticus， Salmonella， Staphylococcus aureus and their enterotoxins. The high risk foods for Vibrio parahaemolyticus were aquatic products （55.1%， 75/136） and meat （37.5%， 51/136）. The high risk food for Salmonella was meat （62.2%， 46/74）. There were regional differences in major pathogenic factors， among which Vibrio parahaemolyticus （χ2=26.3， P

Objective: The primary goal was to determine the performance of the cross‐section area swelling rate (CSASR) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes based on the reference standard of electrodiagnosis examination (EDX) in this diagnostic test study. Methods: First, patients with symptoms like unilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS), and radial nerve compression (RNC) underwent EDX and ultrasound examination. Second, patients with positive ultrasound were calculated for the CSASR of diseased nerve. Based on previously established CSASR criteria, each patient was categorized as having or not having peripheral nerve entrapment, and for those meeting diagnostic criteria, non‐surgical or surgical treatment was recommended. Then, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy rate (ACC) of ultrasound diagnosis and therapeutic decision‐making were calculated based on the reference standard of EDX that had been historically used in the practice. Results: The total sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and ACC of ultrasound diagnosis are respectively 93.4, 85.2, 94.7, 82.1, and 91.3%. Which of therapeutic decision‐making by ultrasound are, respectively, 83.3, 52.2, 78.4, 60.0, and 73.2%. Conclusion: The sensitivity and Youden's index of CSASR diagnostic threshold for CuTS is higher than other ultrasound methods. The CSASR diagnostic threshold for CuTS has a potential diagnostic role, but the current date is still not enough to support the potential diagnostic role for CTS or RNS. There is insufficient evidence to suggest that CSASR for CuTS can be used in isolation for diagnosis. Additional research is needed to confirm the diagnostic role of CSASR. The current results suggest that this ultrasound examination method is not suitable for therapeutic decision‐making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence and spread of Verticillium dahliae (V. dahliae) in cotton depends on the combined effects of pathogens, host plants, and the environment, among which temperature is one of the most important environmental factors. Studying how temperature impacts the occurrence of V. dahliae in cotton and the mechanisms governing host defense responses is crucial for disease prevention and control. Understanding the dual effects of temperature on both pathogens and hosts can provide valuable insights for developing effective strategies to manage this destructive fungal infection in cotton. This study was based on the deciduous V. dahliae Vd-3. Through cultivation at different temperatures, Vd-3 formed the most microsclerotia and had the largest colony diameter at 25 °C. Endospore toxins were extracted, and 48 h was determined to be the best pathogenic time point for endotoxins to infect cotton leaves through a chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system and phenotypic evaluation. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on cotton leaves infected with Vd-3 endotoxins for 48 h at different culture temperatures. A total of 34,955 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between each temperature and CK (no pathogen inoculation), including 17,422 common DEGs. The results of the enrichment analysis revealed that all the DEGs were involved mainly in photosynthesis and sugar metabolism. Among the 34,955 DEGs, genes in the biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways of jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) were identified, and their expression patterns were determined. A total of 5652 unique DEGs were clustered into six clusters using the k-means clustering algorithm, and the functions and main transcription factors (TFs) of each cluster were subsequently annotated. In addition, we constructed a gene regulatory network via weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and identified twelve key genes related to cotton defense against V. dahliae at different temperatures, including four genes encoding transcription factors. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for investigating temperature regulation in V. dahliae infecting cotton and introduce novel genetic resources for enhancing resistance to this disease in cotton plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, development in high‐throughput sequencing technologies has experienced an increasing application of statistics, pattern recognition, and machine learning in bioinformatics analyses. SangeBox platform to meet different scientific demands. The new version of Sangs is a widely used tool among many researchers, which encourages us to continuously improve the plerBox 2 (http://vip.sangerbox.com) and extends and optimizes the functions of interactive graphics and analysis of clinical bioinformatics data. We introduced novel analytical tools such as random forests and support vector machines, as well as corresponding plotting functions. At the same time, we also optimized the performance of the platform and fixed known problems to allow users to perform data analyses more quickly and efficiently. SangerBox 2 improved the speed of analysis, reduced resource required for computer performance, and provided more analysis methods, greatly promoting the research efficiency. Highlights: SangerBox 2.0 has expanded its features by adding new machine learning tools, including random forest and support vector machine (SVM), with improved plotting capabilities.The platform's performance and visualization tools have been significantly optimized, including the introduction of interactive adjustments for heatmaps.SangerBox 2.0 stands out in bioinformatics analysis due to its enhanced multifunctionality, user‐friendliness, and superior performance compared to other platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Surgical guides are commonly used to assist with dental implant placement. This study investigated the effects of five sterilization and disinfection methods on the accuracy of implant guides. Methods: Thirty surgical guides (five in each group) were designed and printed (with digital light processing technology) using different sterilization or disinfection methods categorized into six groups: hydrogen peroxide sterilization (group one); glutaraldehyde sterilization (group two); autoclaving (group three); plasma sterilization (group four); iodophor disinfection (group five); and blank group (group six). Verification was determined using three methods: distance and angle between the cross‐shaped marks, deformation after superimposing the guides, and displacement and axial changes in the virtual implant. Results: After disinfection and sterilization, the guides in the autoclaving and iodophor groups showed a more pronounced color change and the guide in the autoclaving group had visible cracks. More significant changes were observed in the H2O2, glutaraldehyde, autoclaving, and iodophor groups regarding deformation after superimposing the guides and the distance and angle between the cross‐shaped marks. The average labial deformation values (mm) of the first through fifth groups of guides were 0.283, 0.172, 0.289, 0.153, and 0.188, respectively. All groups were statistically different from the blank group for displacement and axial changes of the virtual implant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The sizes of almost all surgical guides changed after sterilization and disinfection treatments, with between‐group differences. Plasma sterilization was more suitable for surgical guide sterilization because of the smaller deformations after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]