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With the development of shipping in the Caspian Sea, the need for high-quality data on wave characteristics has increased. In the present work, the analysis of maximum wave height at coastal stations in Kazakhstan was carried out using wave and wind data and numerical modeling with the SWAN model. The influence of stationary wind and its direction on the wave height was determined. The results show that the changes in the parameters of the wind wave depend on the wind speed and direction. At wind speeds below 10 m/s, the predicted wave height can reach 3 m in the Middle Caspian basin. In the Northern Caspian basin, where the depths are shallow, the waves do not exceed 2 m. The study output produced the first wind zoning map for the Kazakh part of the Caspian Sea.

Abstract Mapping flood risk zone is an essential task in the arid region for sustainable water resources management. Due to the lack of hydrological and meteorological information and disaster event inventory in Xinjiang, China, storm flood disaster (SFD) risk zoning is an effective technique in investigating the potential impact of SFD. In this study, the statistics about natural, social, and risk related to SFD are collated. With the help of the compiled inventory data, a disaster risk assessment model for storm flood is proposed for the Xinjiang region based on the random forest (RF) algorithm. Randomly selected negative and positive samples from the historical SFD locations are composed of five different total samples. The overall prediction accuracy of the five sample groups attained 83.48%, indicating that the proposed RF model can well capture the spatial distribution of SFD in Xinjiang. It should also be noted that the spatial heterogeneity and complexity of SFD had a significant effect on its spatial distribution in Xinjiang. There are spatial distribution characteristics of lowland plains and high plateaus; the main mountainous regions, plains in the middle‐lower reaches of major rivers, and areas surrounding major lakes are prone to flooding. The variable importance RF indicates that the disaster risk is mainly affected by the following factors, including hazard factors, catastrophic intensity, population density, as well as economic development in the affected area. Besides, latitude, longitude, agricultural acreage, road density, distance from rivers, and the maximum monthly precipitation account for most of the increase in storm flooding disasters, and they are the main triggering point for SFD in Xinjiang. The proposed model provides some insight into the disaster in the mountainous region, and gives useful guidance for the national macro‐control of flood prevention and disaster reduction.

Mapping flood risk zone is an essential task in the arid region for sustainable water resources management. Due to the lack of hydrological and meteorological information and disaster event inventory in Xinjiang, China, storm flood disaster (SFD) risk zoning is an effective technique in investigating the potential impact of SFD. In this study, the statistics about natural, social, and risk related to SFD are collated. With the help of the compiled inventory data, a disaster risk assessment model for storm flood is proposed for the Xinjiang region based on the random forest (RF) algorithm. Randomly selected negative and positive samples from the historical SFD locations are composed of five different total samples. The overall prediction accuracy of the five sample groups attained 83.48%, indicating that the proposed RF model can well capture the spatial distribution of SFD in Xinjiang. It should also be noted that the spatial heterogeneity and complexity of SFD had a significant effect on its spatial distribution in Xinjiang. There are spatial distribution characteristics of lowland plains and high plateaus; the main mountainous regions, plains in the middle‐lower reaches of major rivers, and areas surrounding major lakes are prone to flooding. The variable importance RF indicates that the disaster risk is mainly affected by the following factors, including hazard factors, catastrophic intensity, population density, as well as economic development in the affected area. Besides, latitude, longitude, agricultural acreage, road density, distance from rivers, and the maximum monthly precipitation account for most of the increase in storm flooding disasters, and they are the main triggering point for SFD in Xinjiang. The proposed model provides some insight into the disaster in the mountainous region, and gives useful guidance for the national macro‐control of flood prevention and disaster reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global warming has a negative impact on society and the environment. Pavements may also be affected. Indeed, for the design of bituminous pavements according to the French rational method, the equivalent temperature (θ E) should be used. θ E is a constant that takes into account the actual change in pavement temperature. The objective of this study is to evaluate numerically the effects of global warming on bituminous pavements and on θ E and to propose new zoning maps of θ E suitable for the current climate and its variation by region. To address this issue, θ E was calculated for 25 cities for four different bituminous structures and using a Python code developed for this study. Then, the θ E values were geographically interpolated on the map of Morocco. To evaluate the effects of global warming, θ E was plotted as a function of time for three cities. Finally, the effect of bitumen choice on its resistance to global warming was studied by comparing rutting depths and temperature profiles in bituminous layers made by those bitumen types. The bitumen types compared were pure 35/50 and 50/70 bitumens and a polymer modified bitumen. According to the calculations, the estimated θ E varies between 23.9 and 30.9 °C and is higher in the south of Morocco. In addition, θ E follows the same upward trend as the earth temperature. The effect of global warming can be reduced by an intelligent management of the traffic and by using adequate materials such as polymer modified bitumens. The type of bitumen chosen among those studied does not influence the asphalt temperature profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the questions associated with using the models in regioning the Earth’s gravity field depending on its roughness and type of anomalies. A formalized technique for zoning based on the analysis of the intensity and variability of gravity anomalies is suggested. The suggested technique includes preprocessing the initial gravity anomalies aimed at eliminating the noise component; partitioning the studied region into the elementary segments; calculating the primary characteristics of the complexity and roughness (the intensity and variability of gravity anomalies) for each segment; and, based on these characteristics, classifying each segment into a particular category of complexity. The proposed system of classification of segments relies on the use of three classes of intensity and three classes of variability of gravity anomalies and four categories of complexity of the regions, which are derived from these classes. As a result of applying the technique, the mapped territory is subdivided into the regions that are uniform in terms of their geophysical properties. The developed technique is used for comparing the quality of the different digital models of gravity anomalies, including the Russian RGM model (A.P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute (VSEGEI)) and the WGM model (Bureau Gravimétrique International (BGI)) in the region of the Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt and Sikhote-Alin fold system. The results of the study can be used for zoning of the other geophysical fields and for planning the locations of the new survey networks for increasing the accuracy of the initial data used for compiling the maps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study multi-hazard risk assessment is carried out in Arithang ward, one of the major wards within Gangtok Municipal Corporation, with the objectives of (a) landslide and earthquake hazard mapping of Gangtok city with analytical hierarchy process (b) vulnerability mapping in Arithang ward and (c) semiquantitative and semiqualitative risk analysis. Landslide hazard zonation (LHZ) depicts that very high and high hazard zone occupies 6% and 17% of the Gangtok city whereas 60% and 18% of area falls under medium and low hazard category respectively. With respect to seismic hazard susceptibility 13% and 22% of area falls under very high and high category respectively. Semiquantitative risk analysis reveals that majority of the residential buildings are concentrated in low earthquake and landslide hazard zone followed by 39% and 35% within medium class. Only 0.6% and 7% of residential buildings are found in high earthquake and landslide hazard zones. Bamboo and wood made buildings are found to cluster within very high class of landslide hazard. About 61% of multistoried buildings are placed within low zone of LHZ. Risk analysis reveals that buildings at the eastern and western part of Arithang ward come under high risk with respect to earthquake and landslide. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper investigates a common mode of visual communication in planning practice, the use of maps to regulate urban development. Holding equal legal status with the text, the zoning map was invented in the early twentieth century as a tool for implementing municipal policy and, although debated, modified, and sometimes repurposed over the past nine decades, it remains standard. Mundane and largely taken for granted, the zoning map itself has aroused little scholarly interest. However, as an image of the city and as a graphic intermediary used in administrative processes, it reveals how planning thought is embedded in planning tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is focused on the rules that we create using drawings (designs, pictures, paintings, etc.) which will be termed ‘graphic rules’. Its attention is therefore not simply on the use of images in normative documents but also ‘as law’. We will delve into one of these types of graphic rules: that is, graphic rules used in urban planning. The fact that graphic rules are widespread in planning practices, and indeed typical of them, makes rules of this kind a particularly significant field of interest for planning theory. An important point to stress is that while analysis of images used descriptively has been under way for some time (although in many respects it is anything but conclusive, despite what is generally thought), analysis of images used as rules is still in its infancy. To gain deeper understanding of these particular and widespread forms of (graphic) rules is therefore both theoretically and practically important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seismic microzonation maps for Belgrade (Serbia) and its surroundings are presented based on the uniform-hazard-spectrum (UHS) methodology. Such mapping must satisfy the guidelines for performance-based design (PBD), which at present requires the specification of two sets of spectral amplitudes, one in which the structure would remain essentially linear, and one in which it would undergo nonlinear response. These requirements cannot be achieved by specifying the design spectra using only one (same) fixed spectral shape, and such spectra cannot be scaled by the peak ground acceleration alone. Another source of difficulties in the selection of the design amplitudes for PBD occurs when the standard spectrum shape is not capable of describing excitation by large, distant earthquakes. Furthermore, scaling the site dependent design ground motion only via soil site classification ignores the effects of site geology and thus leads to biased results. The maps we present in this paper avoid these shortcomings and include the effects of near and distant large earthquakes, spatial distribution of seismic activity, site geology, and site soil properties in a balanced way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statistical analyses have been often used for landslide susceptibility zoning at small to medium scale when relevant base and thematic maps are available. Since the beginning of the last decade, images remotely acquired by spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and processed via Differential SAR Interferometry (DInSAR) proved extremely useful for non-invasive and non-destructive monitoring of displacements of the topographic surface. The present paper proposes an original procedure for the definition of the state of activity of slow-moving landslides via the combined use of multivariate statistical analyses and DInSAR data. The procedure is based on the following essential elements: distinction between terrain units used for computational purposes and the final zoning units; independent statistical and DInSAR analyses and activity models leading to first-level state of activity zoning maps; a consistency model between statistical and DInSAR analyses; two confidence and combination models leading, respectively, to second- or third-level state of activity zoning maps. The application in a test area including 19 municipalities in southern Italy, where slow-moving landslides are widespread and accurately mapped by using geomorphological criteria, allowed the generation of the three above-mentioned levels of zoning maps. The results were successfully crosschecked by exploiting a different DInSAR dataset and the results of previous works based on the use of slow-moving landslide-induced damage to facilities surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil liquefaction is among the secondary earthquake effects. This phenomenon, which was widely seen in Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh during the 1990 Manjil-Rudbar earthquake, led to considerable damage. The present study was conducted to assess the future re-liquefaction hazard and risk and prepare liquefaction hazard map of the study area. For this purpose, in addition to the available geotechnical data, 20 new boreholes were excavated and both in site and laboratory experiments were conducted on 100 soil samples. To prepare liquefaction risk zonation map, the structural condition and the value of 1,000 residential and commercial units, and lifelines were evaluated. Next, using the risk matrix model, the risk map of the Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh City was prepared. The results show that although liquefaction history of the area has reduced liquefaction risk in some parts of the city, the risk was increased in the central parts of the city due to the traditional texture of the city and dense buildings. Moreover, the presence of a hospital and governorate building in the central part of the city poses serious difficulties during transport of the injured and quake-stricken individuals and communication access lines of the northern Iranian provinces during the crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two recent developments have come into the forefront with reference to updating the seismic design provisions for codes: (1) publication of new seismic hazard maps for Canada by the Geological Survey of Canada, and (2) emergence of the concept of new spectral format outdating the conventional standardized spectral format. The fourth -generation seismic hazard maps are based on enriched seismic data, enhanced knowledge of regional seismicity and improved seismic hazard modeling techniques. Therefore, the new maps are more accurate and need to incorporate into the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) for its next edition similar to its building counterpart National Building Code of Canada (NBCC). In fact, the code writers expressed similar intentions with comments in the commentary of CHBCD 2006. During the process of updating codes, NBCC, and AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington (2009) lowered the probability level from 10 to 2% and 10 to 5%, respectively. This study has brought five sets of hazard maps corresponding to 2%, 5% and 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years developed by the GSC under investigation. To have a sound statistical inference, 389 Canadian cities are selected. This study shows the implications of the changes of new hazard maps on the design process (i.e., extent of magnification or reduction of the design forces). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the spot zoning law which is a law made for moving a property from one zone to another on the zoning map for allowing more intensive use of it in the U.S. Topics include use of spot zoning option by the people for conditional uses as alternatives for obtaining a change in use of land; skepticism created by for spot zoning which is a wealth transfer that unfairly benefits the landowner; and problems of skepticism such as standing of objecting neighbors to sue.

There is an increasing demand for tools that support land use planning processes, particularly the design of zoning maps, which is one of the most complex tasks in the field. In this task, different land use categories need to be allocated according to multiple criteria. The problem can be formalized in terms of a multiobjective problem. This paper generalizes and complements a previous work on this topic. It presents an algorithm based on a simulated annealing heuristic that optimizes the delimitation of land use categories on a cadastral parcel map according to suitability and compactness criteria. The relative importance of both criteria can be adapted to any particular case. Despite its high computational cost, the use of plot polygons was decided because it is realistic in terms of technical application and land use laws. Due to the computational costs of our proposal, parallel implementations are required, and several approaches for shared memory systems such as multicores are analysed in this paper. Results on a real case study conducted in the Spanish municipality of Guitiriz show that the parallel algorithm based on simulated annealing is a feasible method to design alternative zoning maps. Comparisons with results from experts are reported, and they show a high similarity. Results from our strategy outperform those by experts in terms of suitability and compactness. The parallel version of the code produces good results in terms of speed-up, which is crucial for taking advantage of the architecture of current multicore processors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on former conceptual models of vulnerability, this paper aims to improve the quantitative model for regional vulnerability assessment by analyzing in-depth the relation between vulnerability, exposure, coping capacity, and resilience. Taking the mountain settlements in the upper reaches of Min River, China, as a case study, the method of Contributing Weight Superposition (CWS) is applied in establishing both a model and a system for the vulnerability assessment of elements at risk. The CWS approach consists of 13 index factors including population, economic and road densities, building and farmland coverage, hazard-affected areas, urbanization rate, and GDP per capita. Accordingly, a debris flow hazard vulnerability zoning map was obtained and the assessment results show that the distribution of high and comparatively high vulnerability zones, where economic activities are considerably high, has a close correlation to the topography of the catchment and population characteristics. The results thus may serve as a pertinent guidance for settlement relocation, population distribution readjustment, and management to prevent and reduce hazards in the upper reaches of Min River and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We detail an empirical animation study to assess how display design, user spatial ability, and training might influence visuospatial decision-making with animated displays showing aircraft movements. We present empirical results of a visuospatial detection task with moving objects, based on response accuracy and response time, including a descriptive eye-movement analysis. We found significant differences in a visuospatial detection task of moving objects across animation design types and domain expertise levels based on viewers' visuospatial skill differences. With this empirical approach, we hope to better understand how users explore and extract information from animated displays. Based on these results, we aim to further develop empirically validated animation display design guidelines to increase their efficiency and effectiveness for decision-making with and about moving objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Park, H.; Kwon, S.J., and Hadi, S., 2016. Land Subsidence Survey and Policy Development in Pantai Mutiara, Jakarta Bay, Indonesia. In: Vila-Concejo, A.; Bruce, E.; Kennedy, D.M., and McCarroll, R.J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 14th International Coastal Symposium (Sydney, Australia). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue, No. 75, pp. 1447 - 1451. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The coastal flooding caused by land subsidence is one of major social problems in the coastal area of Jakarta bay, Indonesia. To develop a land subsidence response planning, 3D topographic survey is conducted by using the Terrestrial LIDAR and GPS in Pantai Mutiara. The Terrestrial LIDAR survey results show that the survey site has mean elevation of −0.31m with the highest elevation of 0.31m and lowest −0.99m. Considering that A.H.H.W. (Approximate Highest High Water) is 0.51m, many areas of the survey site are lying below the A.H.H.W. The subsidence happened from 1994 to 2012, subsided about 1.8m and the average rate of about 0.095m. The last stand which keeps the area from flooding and inundation is the dikes built around the area. Although the dikes are still functioning, the heights of the dikes are getting lower and uneven due to subsidence and partial reconstruction. We can conclude that flooding vulnerability of this area depends on the height of the dikes. In order to develop practical policies, we make the distribution maps, expected time of dike flooding, height and cost of dike heightening, through considering land subsidence rate, sea level rising rate, storm surge height and A.H.H.W. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lee, G.; Hong, S.; Lee, C.; Kim, J., and Lee, J., 2016. Rip current zoning map to manage safety at Haeundae Beach, Korea. In: Vila-Concejo, A.; Bruce, E.; Kennedy, D.M., and McCarroll, R.J. (eds.), Proceedings of the 14th International Coastal Symposium (Sydney, Australia). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 75, pp. 1452-1456. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Rip currents are well-known in South Korea. Between July and August 2012, rescue workers covering Busan's beaches were on high alert for rip currents. Rescuers pay particular attention to Haeundae Beach near the Paradise Hotel because it is the frequent site of these currents. In July and August of 2012, 62 fast-moving rip currents were observed with maximum speeds of 2.5 m/s. During this period 187 people were rescued at Haeundae Beach after being dragged into deeper waters by these currents; fortunately, no casualties were reported. Authorities caution that ideal weather conditions for rip currents will persist, so this phenomenon could occur again at any time. In response to this public safety threat, the Korean Meteorological Administration plans to implement automatic monitoring systems for forecasting rip current generation at Haeundae Beach. In this study, we propose an approach for mapping the rip current risk to improve safety management at Haeundae Beach. First, we determine the spatial occurrence rate of rip currents using a field monitoring system based on closed-circuit television (CCTV) images and the Haeundae Current Model (HAECUM) rip current prediction system; the velocity and direction of the rip currents are also considered. This information is then combined with vulnerability factors such as the distribution of beachgoers and the capacity of lifeguards to produce a risk assessment map of rip currents at Haeundae Beach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study develops an object-based image classification methodology for urban land covers classification, using very high resolution aerial images, elevation data and city zoning maps. Logically structured classification rules based on spectral, spatial and contextual features of the segmented objects are first created and tested over a small urban area. The same rule set is then transferred and tested on two similar images covering larger urban areas. The land cover classification results through the transferability of the rule set prove the effectiveness of the methodology and produce satisfactory classification results with an overall accuracy of 91% as against 96% that was achieved over the small representative training area. The classification methodology based on the integrated use of multiple data produces satisfactory land cover classification. Its transferability considerably reduces both the processing time and the analyst’s efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a technique for presenting geographic data in Voronoi diagrams without having to specify a bounding box. The method restricts Voronoi cells to points within a user-defined distance of the data points. The mathematical foundation of the approach is presented as well. The cell clipping method is particularly useful for presenting geographic data that is spread in an irregular way over a map, as for example the Dutch dialect data displayed in Figure 2. The automatic generation of reasonable cell boundaries also makes redundant a frequently used solution to this problem that requires data owners to specify region boundaries, as in Goebl (2010) and Nerbonne et al (2011). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The water inrush vulnerability from overlying aquifers is evaluated for a coal seam in the Donghuantuo Coal Mine, China. The water inrush vulnerability is based on superposition of two zoning maps-water abundance map and connectivity map. The water abundance zoning map was derived from a comprehensive analysis of six types of geoscience data, including (1) lithological changes of the overlying aquifer (2) geological structure, (3) pumping test results, (4) seepage field of water inrush event, (5) geochemistry, and (6) loss of drilling mud. The connectivity map was constructed based on comparing the numerically calculated height of the induced fracture zone above mining areas with the thickness of formation between the coal seam and the overlying aquifer. Visual Modflow was used to predict the mine discharges at working face 2,284 under both natural and mining conditions. Based on the water inrush vulnerability map and the modeling results, advanced dewatering from the overlying aquifer is proposed as the main prevention and control measure against the overlying-aquifer water inrush. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new method, namely, the scenario-based method, is developed and further applied in assessing economic risk of paddy damage caused by floods in the Huai River sub-basin of China following these four steps: (1) generation of scenarios, (2) simulation of scenarios, (3) consequence of scenarios, and (4) comprehension of scenarios. In the first step, a rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) model is established to generate a set of storm scenarios in the sub-basin by selecting seven return periods. In the second step, the flooding simulation for each scenario is carried out based on the distributed Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) model to obtain inundation depth (meter) and time (day) over the sub-basin. In the third step, a grid-based Flood Economic Loss Estimation (FELE) model of paddies is employed to estimate economic losses of paddies in Chinese Yuan (CNY), where inundation depth and duration are treated as parameters for each scenario. In the last step, the Conditioned Expected Losses (CELs) in CNY for each county is derived as a measurement of risk by fitting the risk curve with scenario samples. Based on CELs, an economic risk zoning map of paddy damage caused by floods in the Huai River sub-basin was created as a final result. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article focuses on the mapping history of the national parks in New Zealand. It says that the first national parks in the country were created in areas with good access, preservation, and appreciation by the general public including Tongario in 1887, Egmont in 1900, and Arthur's Pass in 1929. It mentions that the national one-inch topographic series designated New Zealand Map Series (NZMS) 1 has begun its planning due to the potential threat of Japanese invasion after 1935.

Rock fall hazard zoning is a challenging yet necessary task to be accomplished for planning an appropriate land use in mountainous areas. Methodologies currently adopted for elaborating zoning maps do not provide satisfactory results though, due to uncertainties and related assumptions characterising hazard assessment. The new Cadanav methodology, presented in this paper, aims at improving quantitative hazard assessment and zoning at the local scale, by reducing uncertainties mainly related to the technique for combining rock fall intensity and frequency of occurrence. Starting from available information on rock fall failure frequency and trajectory simulation results, the procedure merges in a strict way temporal frequency, probability of reach and energy data and evaluates the hazard degree by means of 'hazard curves'. These curves are described at each point of the slope by a series of energy-return period couples representing the hazardous conditions which may possibly affect that location. The new Cadanav methodology is here detailed and compared to its original version. Hazard zoning results are illustrated along two different 2D slope profiles, for linear homogeneous cliff configurations, and according to the Swiss intensity-frequency diagram for rock fall hazard zoning. However, the procedure can be easily used with any other intensity-frequency diagram prescribed in national guidelines and, additionally, extended to problems involving 3D topographies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subjective risk perceptions give rise to unique policy implications as they reflect both the expectation of risk exposure and the ability to mitigate or cope with the adverse impacts. Based on data collected from semistructured interviews and iterative ranking exercises with 159 households in the Altay and Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang, China, this study investigates and explains the risks with respect to a seriously understudied population and location. Using both geostatistical and econometric methods, we show that although fear of environmental crisis is prevalent among our respondents, recently implemented pastoral conservation, sedentarization, and development projects are more likely to be ranked as the top concerns among affected households. In order to reduce these concerns, future pastoral policy must be built on the livestock economy, and intervention priority should be given to the geographic areas identified as risk hot spots. In cases where pastoralists have to give up their pastures, the transition to other comparable livelihood strategies must be enabled by creating new opportunities and training pastoralists to acquire the needed skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A procedure is proposed to produce landslide distribution zoning maps to be considered preparatory to susceptibility, hazard and risk zoning maps, based on 1) the results from a statistical multivariate analysis of a landslide inventory, which must be available for only a portion of the territory to be zoned, and 2) the use of appropriately defined terrain mapping units. The units are divided into terrain computational units (TCUs) and terrain zoning units (TZUs), whose size is related to the scale of zoning. The procedure comprises three phases: calibration, validation and prediction. The purpose of the prediction phase is the application of a calibrated and validated statistical model in a territory, previously recognized as viable on the basis of ‘a-priori applicability maps,’ for which no information is available regarding the distribution of landslides or where the information provided by the landslides inventory is unreliable or heterogeneous. The proposed procedure is applied to two case studies in southern Italy for the analysis and zoning of slow-moving landslides at 1:25,000 and 1:100,000 scales, respectively. The first case study illustrates the applicability of the procedure. The aim of the second case study is to address the part of the procedure related to the evaluation of the computational maps at the end of the calibration and validation phases. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]