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Benefit of dietary fiber has proven by clinical studies. Dietary fiber can be incorporated into food products with whole grain cereals. Whole barley tolokno is a valuable source of soluble dietary fiber β-glucans. As a result, it is often used in fortified bakery products. The research objective was to modify the dietary profile of biscuits by substituting refined wheat flour with barley tolokno. The study featured refined wheat flour, barley tolokno, composite flours, model suspensions, and formulations of biscuits. Standard methods helped to measure the sensory profile, physicochemical parameters, fatty acid composition, structural characteristics, and mechanical properties of the research objects. The content of dietary fiber in the flour and the tolokno was 3.7 and 19.8%, respectively. The fatty acid composition of the tolokno differed from that of the wheat flour. The content of oleic acid was 21.1 in the tolokno and 15.9% in the flour, while the content of linoleic acid was 46.8 in the tolokno and 54.0% in the flour. A greater proportion of tolokno in the composite flour led to an increase in the content of dietary fiber (3.7–11.8%), protein (11.5–12.8%), and fat (1.4–2.7%). The water and fat absorption capacity of composite flours increased by 125 and 65.7%, respectively, when the share of tolokno reached 50%. As the proportion of tolokno increased, the viscosity of the model suspensions rose from 3.1 to 17.3 Pa·s at a minimal shear rate. The water absorption capacity of the control sample was 190%: in the experimental biscuits, it rose from to 221 and 227% at 30 and 40% of tolokno, respectively. Extra tolokno also increased the content of dietary fiber in the biscuit, which reached 7.53% in the sample with 50% tolokno. The experimental biscuits were even in shape, surface, and porosity; they had a balanced taste and a pleasant smell with a slight grainy tint. The optimal proportion of barley tolokno was 40%. This amount brought up the content of dietary fiber to 6.5 g per 100 g. The resulting biscuits could be classified as products rich in dietary fiber (Technical Regulations of the Customs Union 022/2011). The research made it possible to expand the range of functional biscuits fortified with native dietary fiber and whole grain raw materials.

Food products unbalanced by their composition that are included in a diet are one of serious causes of the onset and development of noncommunicable diseases in the whole world. At present, the tasks of extending the market of products created on the healthy nutrition principles are set at the state level. Production of flour confectionery, in particular biscuits, is an important part of the Russian food industry. The traditional assortment of biscuits and its existing classification by types and groups have almost one-hundred-year history, are recognizable and appreciated by all age categories. A large part of biscuits recipe composition is wheat flour of the highest grade. It conditions the low nutritional value of this product category. A targeted change in the recipe composition is an effective strategy for quality optimization of the existing food products. In this case, the main task facing producers is transformation of the nutrient composition with simultaneous maintenance of the structure, taste and traditionalism of a product. The paper examines the topical direction of food product improvement, including flour confectionery, namely, introduction into their composition of whole grain raw materials that contain a wide spectrum of wholesome substances: vitamins, minerals, dietary fibers, including beta-glucans, phenolic acids, tocols. It is shown that the use of whole grains and products made from them has a clinically proved effectiveness, reduces the risk of appearance of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer. The paper presents the recommended levels for consumption of whole grains and products based on them, norms of the physiological requirements in dietary fibers for children and adult population of the RF and different countries of the world, gives data on the content of B group vitamins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, nutritional and energy value of some whole grain products. The definitions of "whole grain", "whole grain food" and "food with whole grain ingredients" are considered. Several legislative aspects of production of enriched products in the RF are described.

The food technology has brought countless benefits to today's food supply. Despite its many positive contributions, it has also brought unintended negative consequences. It is the time to mobilize the food technology to help the food supply more secure, safer and healthier, and here three possible approaches are foreseeable: First, we should continue to improve the conventional technologies. Many wholesome foods have been prepared and preserved using natural materials simply by fermentation. Second, we have to enhance the minimal processing as much as applicable. Third, new ingredients, intelligent packaging and functional foods should be explored to improve food supply and health. Today, consumer interest in the functional foods has been increased tremendously, and the future of food lies in the functional foods. However, the situations in the developing world are different from this. As food resource is limited in this region, food technology has to be emphasized to increase food supply. To help solve such complex problems, not only new technologies, but also conventional technologies have to be mobilized. Simultaneously, even higher technical capabilities have to be built up by applying new findings from the related disciplines to allow the food technology to play its vital role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]