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The experiment was designed to study the effects of replacing peanut seedlings with different proportion of whole corn silage on the growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality and nutrient digestibility of mutton sheep. A total of 100 Duhan crossbred finishing mutton sheep were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates each and 5 sheep in each replicate. The control group was fed a basal ration containing 100% peanut seedlings, and the three experimental groups were fed experimental rations utilizing whole corn silage to replace 50% (50% replacement group), 75% (75% replacement group), and 100% (100% replacement group) of the peanut seedlings. The experimental period was 30 days. The results showed that: compared with the control group, the 75% replacement group could significantly increase the end weight and average daily weight gain of mutton sheep at the end of the test period (P<0.05), and significantly reduce the feed-to-weight ratio of mutton sheep (P<0.05), and the end weight and average daily weight gain of mutton sheep at the end of the test period of the 75% replacement group were significantly higher than those of the 50% and 100% replacement groups (P<0.05), while the feed-to-weight ratio of mutton sheep at the end of the test period was significantly lower than those of the 100% replacement group (P< 0.05); 75% substitution group could significantly increase the live weight before slaughter, carcass weight and eye muscle area of mutton sheep (P< 0.05); 50%, 75% and 100% substitution of peanut seedling for whole corn silage had no significant effect on meat quality indexes of mutton sheep (P>0.05); and the 75% substitution group could significantly increase the apparent digestibility of dry matter and organic matter of mutton sheep (P<0.05). In summary, the application of whole corn silage to replace 75% of peanut seedlings in mutton sheep diets can improve the growth performance, slaughter performance and apparent digestibility of dry matter and organic matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the combination effect of rice straw and whole corn silage ratio and fermenting bacteria in mixed diet, a double factor completely randomized design of experiments was used to ferment the mixed diet of different rice straw to whole plant corn silage ratios (100∶0, 80∶20, 60∶40, 40∶ 60, 20∶80, 0∶100) and yeast agent (without yeast agent added, with yeast agent added) in vitro, determine the conventional fermentating indexes and conduct the membership function analysis. The results showed that: ① the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage had a significant impact on gas production (GP) (P<0.05), and as the ratio of rice straw decreased, GP showed an overall upward trend; The addition of fermenting bacteria had a significant impact on GP (P<0.05); the interaction effect between the addition ratio of straw and fermenting bacteria was significant at 8 hours, 36 hours, and 48 hours (P<0.05). ② The ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage has a significant impact on the dry matter degradation rate (DMD) (P<0.05). ③ The ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage and the addition of fermenting bacteria have significant effects on pH (P<0.05), with a pH range of 6.85-7.12. ④ The addition of fermenting bacteria significantly reduced the NH3-N at the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage at 80∶20 and 20∶80. ⑤ The ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage had a significant impact on propionic acid (PA), butyric acid (BA), and acetic acid/propionic acid (AA/PA) (P<0.05). The addition of fermenting bacteria had a significant impact on acetic acid (AA), propionic acid, and total volatile fatty acids (T-VFA) (P<0.05). The addition ratio of rice straw and fermenting bacteria had a significant interaction effect on acetic acid/propionic acid (P<0.05). The membership function analysis shows that when the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage are 40∶60, 20∶80, 0∶100, regardless of whether fermenting bacteria are added, the fermentation effect is better than when the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage are 100∶0, 80∶20, 60∶40, among which the fermenting bacteria effect is better when the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage is 20∶80; when the ratio of rice straw to whole plant corn silage are 40∶60, 20∶80, 0∶100, no fermenting bacteria can be added to reduce costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tibetan sheep can utilize high fiber feeds well. However, the mechanisms of rumen microbiota and metabolites in response to different roughage in a housed environment are still unclear. We fed Tibetan sheep with three different roughage diets: 50% whole corn silage (TS), 50% wheatgrass group (TW), and 25% each of whole corn silage and wheatgrass (TM). Subsequently, meat traits, rumen contents 16S rRNA and metabolomics were studied. The results showed that feeding wheat straw to Tibetan sheep significantly increased the abundance of bacteria such as Ruminococcus and Succiniclasticum in the rumen. These microorganisms significantly increased metabolites such as beta-alanyl-L-lysine, butanoic acid and prostaglandin E2. Eventually, production performance, such as carcass weight and intramuscular fat and meat quality characteristics, such as color and tenderness were improved by altering the rumen's amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. This study demonstrated that including 25% wheatgrass and 25% whole corn silage in the diet improved the performance of Tibetan sheep, revealing the effect of the diet on the performance of Tibetan sheep through rumen microorganisms and metabolites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of whole corn silage on growth performance, slaughter performance and meat quality of Simmental hybrid beef cattle. Sixty beef cattle with a body weight of about 400 kg and good body condition were randomly divided into five groups with 12 replicates in each group and one beef cattle in each replicate. Beef cattle in control group were fed with basal diet, beef cattle in group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4 were fed with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% whole corn silage instead of corn straw in basal diet, respectively. The pre-test lasted for 7 d and the formal test lasted for 90 d. The results showed that the average daily gain of beef cattle in group 2, group 3 and group 4 was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), the average daily gain of beef cattle in group 3 and group 4 was significantly higher than that in group 1 and group 2 (P<0.05), feed to gain ratio of beef cattle in test groups was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The slaughter rate and eye muscle area of beef cattle in group 3 and group 4 were significantly higher than those in control group and group 1 (P<0.05). Backfat thickness was significantly lower than that of control group and group 1 (P<0.05). The pH24 h value of beef in group 3 and group 4 was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), the marbling score was significantly higher than that in control group and test group 1 (P<0.05), and the shear force was significantly lower than that in control group and group 1 (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that whole corn silage can improve the growth performance and meat quality in Simmental hybrid beef cattle breeding, and the effect is better when the proportion of whole corn silage replacing corn stalk is 75%~100%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to evaluate the effect of different stubble heights on fermentation patterns of whole corn silage by in vitro gas production method, to screen out the suitable stubble height. The test material was silage corn variety Jixiang No.1, which was harvested at three stubble heights of 20, 30 and 40 cm at later milky stage, compacted in a barrel to make silage. In vitro experiment was designed by single factor experiment with three treatments and three replicates in each treatment. The results showed that the crude protein content of whole corn silage in stubble group of 40 cm was significantly higher than that in stubble group of 20 cm (P<0.05), the content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in stubble group of 20 cm was significantly greater than that in other groups (P<0.05). For in vitro fermentation indicators, gas production in 72 h was 9.05 mL/g greater in stubble 40 cm group significantly higher than in stubble 20 cm group (P<0.05). After 72 h in vitro fermentation, there was no significant difference in pH value and ammonia nitrogen concentration (P>0.05), the content of microbial protein in stubble group 20 cm was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05). With the increase of stubble height, the total acid content in 40 cm stubble group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05), and the molar ratio of acetic acid was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The molar ratio of propionate in 40 cm stubble group was significantly greater than that in other groups (P<0.05), but the acetic acid/propionate in 40 cm stubble group was significantly lower than that in 20 cm and 30 cm stubble groups (P<0.05). Dry matter disappearance rate, neutral detergent fiber rate and acid detergent fiber rate in stubble group 40 cm were significantly greater than that in other groups (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that considering the nutrient composition and fermentation patterns in vitro, the suitable stubble height of the whole maize silage made by silage corn variety Jixiang 1 is 40 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Prataculturae Sinica is the property of Acta Prataculturae Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Corn silage is an important source of forage, but whether or not bacterial inoculants should be applied is somewhat controversial in ruminant feeding practice. In the present study, chopped whole corn plants treated with a single inoculant of Lactobacillus buchneri (LB), Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), Pediococcus pentosaceus (PP) served as either homofermentation (e.g., lactate only) or heterofermentation (e.g., lactate and acetate) controls and compared with those treated with either a mixture of the lactic acid bacteria (QA: 60% LP, 10%PP, 30% LB) or a mixture of the lactic acid bacteria (QB: 60% LP, 15% PP, 25% LB), to investigate their effects on the fermentation quality, ester-linked phenolic acids, and in vitro digestibility. After 60 day ensiling, the addition of QA exhibited the lowest pH (3.51) with greater lactic acid (LA) production. The ester-linked ferulic acid (FAest) and p-coumaric acid (pCAest) concentrations were significantly decreased during 60 days ensiling. And among all these groups, the LB and QA treated group showed a lower concentration of FAest and pCAest than other groups. After 60 days ensiling, Lactobacillus was the dominant genus in all LAB treated groups. Meanwhile, negative correlations of Bacillus, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Prevotella, Ruminococcus, and Roseburia with FAest content after 60 days ensiling occurred in the present study. Komagataeibacter was mainly found in LB and PP addition silages, and presented a significant negative effect with the level of acid detergent fiber (ADF). To explore whether the addition of LABs can improve digestibility of whole corn silage, an in vitro rumen fermentation was conducted using the 60 day ensiled whole corn silages as substrates. The QA addition group exhibited a greater 48 h and 96 h in vitro dry matter and ADF disappearance, greater 48 h gas production and less methane emissions. Even though there were the same neutral NDF levels in corn silages treated with LB and QA after 60 days ensiling, the QA treated silages with lower FAest and pCAest presented higher IVDMD after 96 h and 48 h in vitro fermentation. In brief, the addition of mixed inoculants of 60% LB,10% PP, 30% LB compared with the addition of whichever single HoLAB or HeLAB inoculants, facilitated the release of ester-linked phenolic acids (e.g., ferulic and p-coumaric acids) and remarkably, improved silage quality in terms of sharp pH decline and greater lactate production. Taken together with the improvement in rumen microbial fermentation, the results obtained in the present study provided concrete evidence for the role of mixed LAB application in corn silage preparation for ruminant feeding practices.

Copyright of Acta Prataculturae Sinica is the property of Acta Prataculturae Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tibetan sheep can utilize high fiber feeds well. However, the mechanisms of rumen microbiota and metabolites in response to different roughage in a housed environment are still unclear. We fed Tibetan sheep with three different roughage diets: 50% whole corn silage (TS), 50% wheatgrass group (TW), and 25% each of whole corn silage and wheatgrass (TM). Subsequently, meat traits, rumen contents 16S rRNA and metabolomics were studied. The results showed that feeding wheat straw to Tibetan sheep significantly increased the abundance of bacteria such as Ruminococcus and Succiniclasticum in the rumen. These microorganisms significantly increased metabolites such as beta-alanyl-L-lysine, butanoic acid and prostaglandin E2. Eventually, production performance, such as carcass weight and intramuscular fat and meat quality characteristics, such as color and tenderness were improved by altering the rumen's amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. This study demonstrated that including 25% wheatgrass and 25% whole corn silage in the diet improved the performance of Tibetan sheep, revealing the effect of the diet on the performance of Tibetan sheep through rumen microorganisms and metabolites., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Ren, Zhaxi, Ciwang, Wang and Liu.)