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The present study aims to fulfill the gap of taxonomic knowledge on Triphoridae from Brazil. We describe five new species ( Isotriphora uncia sp. nov., Isotriphora leo sp. nov., Monophorus verecundus sp. nov., Sagenotriphora albocaput sp. nov., Similiphora lucida sp. nov.), report five species previously known only from the Caribbean and related areas ( Cheirodonta dupliniana (Olsson, 1916), Eutriphora auffenbergi Rolan & Lee, 2008, Isotriphora tricingulata Rolan & Fernandez-Garces, 2015, Marshallora ostenta Rolan & Fernandez-Garces, 2008, Monophorus caracca (Dall, 1927) comb. nov.) and describe six morphotypes at the generic level ( Isotriphora sp. 1, Marshallora sp. 1, Nanaphora sp. 1, Sagenotriphora sp. 1, Sagenotriphora sp. 2, Similiphora sp. 1). Remarks are made to some species previously recorded from Brazil, including the invalidation of records, problems of generic allocation and geographical range extensions. Maps of the geographical distribution are provided for the 65 currently recognized species of Triphoridae from Brazil. Of these, 31 species are endemic to Brazil and 58 inhabit the continental shelf vs only seven from the continental slope. A distinct geographical zone occurs in southeastern Brazil. A few species occur exclusively near the mouth of the Amazon River, whereas others inhabit a local biogenic reef, possibly serving as a biogeographical corridor that connects western Atlantic populations. Species of Isotriphora from Brazil are particularly common around oceanic islands, probably due to adopting intracapsular metamorphosis, which may have evolved in more than one evolutionary event.

Nickel (Ni) is a bio-essential element required for the growth of phytoplankton. It is the least studied bio-essential element, mainly because surface ocean Ni concentrations are never fully depleted and Ni is not generally considered to be a limiting factor. However, stimulation of growth after Ni addition has been observed in past experiments when seemingly ample ambient dissolved Ni was present, suggesting not all dissolved Ni is bio-available. This study details the distribution of Ni along the GEOTRACES GA02 Atlantic Meridional section. Concentrations of Ni were lowest in the surface ocean and the lowest observed concentration of 1.7 nmol kg–1 was found in the northern hemisphere (NH). The generally lower surface concentrations in the NH subtropical gyre compared to the southern hemisphere (SH), might be related to a greater Ni uptake by nitrogen fixers that are stimulated by iron (Fe) deposition. The distribution of Ni resembles the distribution of cadmium (Cd) and also features a so called kink (change in the steepness of slope) in the Ni-PO4 relationship. Like for Cd, this is caused by the mixing of Nordic and Antarctic origin water masses. The overall distribution of Ni is driven by mixing with an influence of regional remineralization. This influence of remineralization is, with a maximum remineralization contribution of 13% of the highest observed concentration, smaller than for Cd (30%), but larger than for zinc (Zn; 6%). The uptake pattern in the formation regions of Antarctic origin water masses is suggested to be more similar to Zn than to Cd, however, the surface concentrations of Ni are never fully depleted. This results in a North Atlantic concentration distribution of Ni where the trends of increasing and decreasing concentrations between water masses are similar to those observed for Cd, but the actual concentrations as well as the uptake and remineralization patterns are different between these elements.

Petrolisthes virgiliussp. nov. from the Caribbean Sea of Colombia is described. The new species resembles P. tonsorius morphologically but differs from it principally by its color and habitat. Petrolisthes tonsorius is brown or blueish brown and occurs under intertidal boulders strongly exposed to water movement. Petrolisthes virgiliussp. nov. is pale brown to beige and lives exclusively in intertidal areas dominated by vermetid snails, exposed to heavy wave action. The entangled tubular shells of vermetids are cemented to each other and to a hard substrate like beach rock, forming a microhabitat for the new crab species and other porcellanids of the genera Neopisosoma and Clastotoechus. Large genetic distances between DNA sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene from P. virgiliussp. nov. and P. tonsorius confirmed that they comprise different species. Petrolisthes virgiliussp. nov. is the 53rd member of the West Atlantic porcellanid fauna.

Fusceulima Laseron, 1955 and Halielloides Bouchet & Warén, 1986 are reported from the southwestern Atlantic for the first time. Halielloides ingolfiana Bouchet & Warén, 1986 is considered a valid name, and the taxon is distinct from its previous senior synonym Eulima verrilliana Bush, 1909 in shell shape and absence of an umbilicus. Fusceulima saturata sp. nov. is characterized by a conical shell, domed at the apex, a short ovoid aperture, and a distinct dark-brown spiral band near the suture. Fusceulima toffee sp. nov. also has a conical shell and a dome-shaped apex, but has a taller high aperture and the entire shell is dark brown. Halielloides cf. ingolfiana, Fusceulima cf. boscheineni, and Fusceulima cf. minuta, are here recorded from the continental shelf off southeastern Brazil. The nominal species of these taxa were originally described from the northeastern Atlantic. Their status remains dubious because of lack of information on their biology, anatomy and molecular data. Regarding shell morphology, we cannot distinguish the Brazilian specimens from species in the northeastern Atlantic with the material available. A series of short grooves close to the suture of the protoconch in all species of Fusceulima, including the type species Fusceulima jacksonensis Laseron, 1955, is a possible diagnostic character for this genus.

WOS:000391139900018; International audience; The importance of the atmospheric deposition of biologically essential trace elements, especially iron, is widely recognized, as are the difficulties of accurately quantifying the rates of trace element wet and dry deposition and their fractional solubility. This paper summarizes some of the recent progress in this field, particularly that driven by the GEOTRACES, and other, international research programmes. The utility and limitations of models used to estimate atmospheric deposition flux, for example, from the surface ocean distribution of tracers such as dissolved aluminium, are discussed and a relatively new technique for quantifying atmospheric deposition using the short-lived radionuclide beryllium-7 is highlighted. It is proposed that this field will advance more rapidly by using a multi-tracer approach, and that aerosol deposition models should be ground-truthed against observed aerosol concentration data. It is also important to improve our understanding of the mechanisms and rates that control the fractional solubility of these tracers. Aerosol provenance and chemistry (humidity, acidity and organic ligand characteristics) play important roles in governing tracer solubility. Many of these factors are likely to be influenced by changes in atmospheric composition in the future. Intercalibration exercises for aerosol chemistry and fractional solubility are an essential component of the GEOTRACES programme. This article is part of the themed issue 'Biological and climatic impacts of ocean trace element chemistry'.

The marine algal flora from the eastern coast of Mochima National Park, Sucre, Venezuela was studied with a total of 51 taxa identified, including eight new additions of red algae which are Erythrotrichia carnea (Dillwyn) J. Agardh, Sahlingia subintegra (Rosenvinge) Kornmann, Liagora ceranoides Lamouroux, Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan, Dasya corymbifera J. Agardh, Chondria dasyphylla (Woodward) C. Agardh, Herposiphonia secunda f. tenella (C. Agardh) M.J. Wynne and Polysiphonia subtilissima Montagne. Morphological and anatomical aspects of the specimens are described and illustrated. Se estudió la flora algal marina en la costa este del Parque Nacional Mochima, Sucre, Venezuela con un total de 51 taxones identificados, incluyendo ocho nuevas adiciones de algas rojas las cuales son: Erythrotrichia carnea (Dillwyn) J. Agardh, Sahlingia subintegra (Rosenvinge) Kornmann, Liagora ceranoides Lamouroux, Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan, Dasya corymbifera J. Agardh, Chondria dasyphylla (Woodward) C. Agardh, Herposiphonia secunda f. tenella (C. Agardh) M.J. Wynne y Polysiphonia subtilissima Montagne. Se describen e ilustran aspectos morfológicos y anatómicos de las nuevas adiciones.

The taxonomy of the species of Metaxia Monterosato, 1884 from Brazil is revised. Previously to this study, only Metaxia excelsa Faber & Moolenbeek, 1991 was known to occur in this country, under its older name Metaxia exilis (C.B. Adams, 1850). The review of a large amount of shells in malacological collections in Brazil revealed the occurrence of three known additional species: Metaxia taeniolata (Dall, 1889); Metaxia rugulosa (C.B. Adams, 1850); Metaxia prompta Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2008, all previously reported from the southeast coast of the USA and/or the Caribbean region. Metaxia gongyloskymnus sp. nov., diagnosed by the globose protoconch with continuous axial ribs and microscopic spiral sculpture, is restricted to localities off the Southeastern Brazilian coast.

A new snapping shrimp of the Alpheus armatus Rathbun, 1901 species complex, Alpheus rudolphi spec. nov., is described based on a single female holotype collected off Alagoas, northeastern Brazil (09°55.11’S 35°32.73’W). The new species differs from all other species of the A. armatus complex by the unique configuration of the orbito-rostral region of the carapace.

The objective of this work was to present an updated checklist of the currently known fishes in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC) and provides comments on conservation status for the treated species. We used a large dataset derived from a pool of studies which have been conducted within there along the last 30 years. Each study was based on monthly samplings and conducted in several estuarine habitat; thus, the pool covers practically all estuarine habitats and takes into account the seasonal cycle in the system. The PEC ichthyofauna represents a mixture between that fauna typical from the tropical Brazilian coast and that with affinities of temperate Argentinean and Uruguayan zones. The PEC harbors a rich fish fauna of 213 species, inserted in the families that are common along the Brazilian coast. Only a minor part (8%) of the PEC fish fauna was evaluated as regards the conservation status, mostly because of the lack of basic biological and ecological information for most species. Despite part of the among-estuaries differences are due to different and incomplete sampling efforts, the richness in the PEC is surprisingly higher than other systems in Brazil and around world, which emphasize the importance of the region for global biodiversity conservation. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma lista de espécies atualizada a partir do conhecimento atual dos peixes no Complexo Estuarino de Paranaguá (CEP), com comentários sobre o status de conservação das espécies. Nós utilizamos um grande conjunto de dados derivados de diversos estudos conduzidos na região ao longo dos últimos 30 anos. Cada estudo foi baseado em amostragens mensais realizadas em diferentes habitats estuarinos. Dessa forma, os dados abrangem praticamente todos os habitats estuarinos e leva em conta o ciclo sazonal no sistema. A ictiofauna do CEP representa uma mistura entre a fauna típica da costa tropical brasileira e da fauna com afinidade com as zonas temperadas argentinas e uruguaias. O CEP abriga 213 espécies, inseridas em famílias que são comuns ao longo da costa brasileira. Apenas uma pequena parte (8%) das espécies foi avaliada quanto ao status de conservação, principalmente por causa da falta de informações biológicas e ecológicas básicas para a maioria das espécies. Apesar de parte das diferenças entre estuários ser devido a diferentes e incompletos esforços amostrais, a riqueza do CEP é surpreendentemente elevada em comparação com outros sistemas do Brasil e ao redor do mundo, o que enfatiza a importância da região para a conservação da biodiversidade global.

Sandy beaches are among the most extensive environments in Brazil and are generally threatened by disorderly urban growth due to their location along the coast, where human populations tend to concentrate. This is especially true in southeastern Brazil, where the largest urban areas are located. Thus, better knowledge regarding these natural resources is of considerable importance. The surf zone of sandy beaches is inhabited by a number of fish species, including juveniles seeking both food and shelter from predators. An ecological survey was conducted in the surf zone of Itamambuca beach in the city of Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil, in order to evaluate the composition, structure and dynamics of the fish fauna using community descriptors. Diurnal and nocturnal samples were taken with a beach seine at five oceanographic stations over a 12-month period. Water temperature and salinity were also recorded. A total of 2,147 individuals representing 34 species and 18 families were sampled. The main variation in fish fauna was detected on the diel level, followed by a spatial repartition possibly related to salinity. Seasonal variation was also observed. The five most important species in the overall context were Atherinella brasiliensis, Eucinostomus melanopterus, Mugil sp., Trachinotus goodei and Atherinella blackburni. Praias arenosas estão entre os ecossistemas mais extensos do Brasil e, por serem próximas aos locais onde o Homem tende a se concentrar, são suscetíveis aos impactos negativos decorrentes do crescimento populacional desordenado. Isso é especialmente crítico na Região Sudeste do Brasil, onde uma das maiores populações humanas está instalada. Neste contexto, pesquisas no sentido de melhorar o conhecimento sobre os recursos naturais da região têm importante valor. A zona de arrebentação das praias arenosas é habitada por várias espécies de peixes, freqüentemente representadas por jovens, que buscam alimento e abrigo de predadores. Foi realizado levantamento ictiológico da zona de arrebentação da praia de Itamambuca, Ubatuba, São Paulo, com o intuito de se avaliar a composição, estrutura e dinâmica da fauna de peixes através de descritores da comunidade. Amostras foram coletadas com rede de picaré durante 12 meses, nos períodos diurno e noturno, ao longo de cinco estações oceanográficas na praia. Temperatura da água e salinidade também foram registradas. Foram amostrados 2.147 indivíduos de 34 espécies e 18 famílias. A variação mais marcante da ictiofauna foi a circadiana, seguida por repartição espacial relacionada principalmente à salinidade. Variação sazonal da assembléia também foi observada. As cinco espécies mais importantes no contexto geral foram Atherinella brasiliensis, Eucinostomus melanopterus, Mugil sp., Trachinotus goodei e Atherinella blackburni.

Reef environments are amongst the most diverse ecosystems in the world. Many studies attempting to explain the mechanisms which influence reef fish distribution and the factors responsible for high species diversity in these environments were accomplished in the last decades, but much controversy still exists and more information is, therefore, necessary. The present study evaluated the processes related to small-scale patterns of distribution, temporal dynamics and the influence of habitat complexity on an assemblage of reef fish in Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. Spatial variations of microhabitat characteristics were highly significant between two substrate types (consolidated and unconsolidated), but showed small temporal fluctuation. Species fluctuated accordingly to this spatial pattern, but significant temporal fluctuations were observed, particularly due to differences in the abundances of juveniles. Habitat complexity had a major positive influence on species richness and diversity, and to a less extent, in the abundance. The present study provides evidence on how habitat complexity acts as an important determinant of species richness in a continuous area, where geographical barriers are lacking. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Os ambientes recifais estão entre os ecossistemas mais diversificados do mundo. Vários estudos visando explicar os mecanismos que influenciam a distribuição dos peixes recifais e os fatores responsáveis pela alta diversidade de espécies nesses ambientes foram realizados nas últimas décadas, mas muita controvérsia ainda existe e novas informações são necessárias. O presente trabalho avaliou os fatores relacionados aos padrões de distribuição em pequena escala, a dinâmica temporal e a influência da complexidade ambiental em uma taxocenose de peixes recifais no arquipélago Fernando de Noronha. As variações espaciais das características ambientais foram bastante significativas entre dois tipos de substrato (consolidado e não-consolidado), mas mostraram pouca flutuação temporal. As variações das espécies refletiram esse mesmo padrão espacial, mas flutuações temporais significativas foram observadas, principalmente devido às diferenças na abundância de jovens. A complexidade ambiental teve uma influência positiva na riqueza e diversidade e em menor grau na abundância. O presente trabalho fornece evidências de como a complexidade ambiental é um importante determinante da riqueza de espécies em uma área contínua, sem presença de barreiras geográficas.

Atherinella blackburni is a silverside species whose occurrence on the Brazilian coast was not properly registered until recently. So far, records of its distribution along the Brazilian shore were limited to Itaparica Island, Bahia State, and Porto Inhaúma, Rio de Janeiro State. In a recent survey of the ichthyofauna of Itamambuca Beach, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, 100 specimens of this species were collected, yielding a considerable source of information regarding its ecology and a new southern limit of its distribution. A detailed survey of an ichthyological collection revealed lots of this species from regions of the Brazilian Northeast, resulting in a northward expansion of the occurrence of A. blackburni in Brazilian waters. Besides the populations found on the Brazilian coast, the species also occurs discontinuously in the Atlantic coasts of Costa Rica, Panama and Venezuela. Meristic and morphometric analysis showed overlapped values between Brazilian populations and the ones closer to the Caribbean. An ecological study of A. blackburni at Itamambuca Beach revealed that it is a predominantly diurnal species with preference for warm and salty waters, often occurring in sandy-bottom environments. It was more abundant in Summer and Winter, when individuals with smaller values of length and weight also occurred. Atherinella blackburni é uma espécie de peixe-rei cuja ocorrência na costa brasileira não havia sido precisamente registrada até recentemente. Ainda assim, sua distribuição no litoral brasileiro estava restrita à Ilha de Itaparica, Bahia e Porto Inhaúma, Rio de Janeiro. Em um recente levantamento da ictiofauna da Praia de Itamambuca, Ubatuba, São Paulo, foram coletados 100 espécimes desta espécie, originando uma fonte considerável de informações no tocante à sua ecologia e a um novo limite sul de sua distribuição. Um estudo detalhado revelou lotes desta espécie em regiões do nordeste brasileiro em coleção ictiológica, resultando na expansão para o norte da ocorrência de A. blackburni em águas brasileiras. Além das populações encontradas na costa brasileira, a espécie também ocorre descontinuamente na costa Atlântica da Costa Rica, Panamá e Venezuela. Análise merística e morfométrica revelou valores sobrepostos entre populações brasileiras e aquelas mais próximas ao Caribe. O estudo ecológico de A. blackburni na Praia de Itamambuca evidenciou que é uma espécie predominantemente diurna com preferência por águas quentes e salgadas, freqüente em ambientes com fundo arenoso. Foi mais abundante no verão e inverno, quando indivíduos com menores valores de comprimento e peso também ocorreram.

A new species of Trichopeltarion A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, is described from off coast of Brazil, namely Trichopeltarion pezzutoi n. sp. The new species is compared to its Atlantic congeners, Trichopeltarion nobile A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, and Trichopeltarion intesi (Crosnier, 1981). The record of T. nobile from Brazil should actually be attributed to T. pezzutoi n. sp. The differences between the genera Trichopeltarion and Peltarion Jacquinot, 1847 are discussed.Uma nova espécie do gênero Trichopeltarion A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 coligida no talude continental brasileiro é descrita e ilustrada, nomeadamente Trichopeltarion pezzutoi n. sp. A nova espécie é comparada às suas congêneres do oceano Atlântico, Trichopeltarion nobile A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 e Trichopeltarion intesi (Crosnier, 1981). O registro de T. nobile para o Brasil deve ser atribuído à T. pezzutoi n. sp. São discutidas as diferenças entre os gêneros Trichopeltarion e Peltarion Jacquinot, 1847.

Three species of Halichondrida, Dragmacidon reticulatus (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) (Axinellidae), Myrmekioderma rea (Laubenfels, 1934) (Desmoxyidae) and Topsentia ophiraphidites (Laubenfels, 1934) (Halichondriidae), collected from 30 to 184 m depths, were recorded for the first time from State of Maranhão, north-northeast coast of Brazilian shelf.

In recent sampling along the Colombian Caribbean coast, three species of the genus Plesionika (P. gigliolii, P. longicauda, and P. willesi) have been added to the seven reported upon by Campos et al. (in press). P. gigliolii is now recorded for the first time from the West Atlantic. The taxonomic status of P. acanthonotus is discussed. A key to the Atlantic species of Plesionika is provided.

Atherinella blackburni is a silverside species whose occurrence on the Brazilian coast was not properly registered until recently. So far, records of its distribution along the Brazilian shore were limited to Itaparica Island, Bahia State, and Porto Inhaúma, Rio de Janeiro State. In a recent survey of the ichthyofauna of Itamambuca Beach, Ubatuba, São Paulo State, 100 specimens of this species were collected, yielding a considerable source of information regarding its ecology and a new southern limit of its distribution. A detailed survey of an ichthyological collection revealed lots of this species from regions of the Brazilian Northeast, resulting in a northward expansion of the occurrence of A. blackburni in Brazilian waters. Besides the populations found on the Brazilian coast, the species also occurs discontinuously in the Atlantic coasts of Costa Rica, Panama and Venezuela. Meristic and morphometric analysis showed overlapped values between Brazilian populations and the ones closer to the Caribbean. An ecological study of A. blackburni at Itamambuca Beach revealed that it is a predominantly diurnal species with preference for warm and salty waters, often occurring in sandy-bottom environments. It was more abundant in Summer and Winter, when individuals with smaller values of length and weight also occurred.

Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010

Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010