Search

Purpose -- This study aims to analyze the map and direction of research development in the field of waqf for welfare improvement in Scopus-indexed publications. Method -- This research employs a quantitative approach. The population for this study consists of articles indexed by Scopus from 2014 to 2023, with a sample size of 77 articles focused on waqf for welfare improvements. The analysis technique applied in this study involves bibliometric analysis, utilizing the VOSviewer application. Result -- The results indicate a rise in the average number of publications per year. The peak productivity in waqf for welfare themes occurred in 2019, with 15 studies identified. In the realm of research on waqf, cash waqf, and Malaysia emerge as the most prevalent themes for welfare improvement. Three clusters were identified: cash waqf for maximizing prosperity in society and economics, the opportunities and threats of cash waqf, and the beneficiaries of waqf, impacting not only individuals but also the state. Novelty -- This study represents the first bibliometric review focusing on the specific theme of waqf for welfare development, aiming to fill gaps in existing research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose — This study aims to analyze the map and direction of research development in the field of waqf for welfare improvement in Scopus-indexed publications. Method — This research employs a quantitative approach. The population for this study consists of articles indexed by Scopus from 2014 to 2023, with a sample size of 77 articles focused on waqf for welfare improvements. The analysis technique applied in this study involves bibliometric analysis, utilizing the VOSviewer application. Result — The results indicate a rise in the average number of publications per year. The peak productivity in waqf for welfare themes occurred in 2019, with 15 studies identified. In the realm of research on waqf, cash waqf, and Malaysia emerge as the most prevalent themes for welfare improvement. Three clusters were identified: cash waqf for maximizing prosperity in society and economics, the opportunities and threats of cash waqf, and the beneficiaries of waqf, impacting not only individuals but also the state. Novelty — This study represents the first bibliometric review focusing on the specific theme of waqf for welfare development, aiming to fill gaps in existing research.

This study focuses on poverty and the efforts of the government in Indonesia to improve the welfare of the poor through the Family Hope Program (PKH). The research utilizes a qualitative descriptive method to examine the role of the government in providing assistance through PKH. The study highlights the various roles and skills required of PKH facilitators in their interactions with program beneficiaries. The government's role includes facilitative roles and skills, where PKH facilitators act as motivators and provide support in health services such as regular check-ups for pregnant women and children at local health centers. PKH facilitators also require educational roles and skills to effectively communicate information and conduct activities with the community. These educational roles are essential for increasing knowledge and raising awareness among program beneficiaries. Additionally, PKH facilitators need representative roles and skills to effectively convey information and feedback between beneficiaries and local government authorities. This role ensures that the voices and concerns of beneficiaries are heard and addressed by relevant stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farmers in Subang Regency, West Java Province, are still focused on conventional farming and have not used group management. So that the level of welfare of farmers in Subang Regency is still not optimal. This study aims to look at the institutional management problems of smallholder livestock herds, increase the knowledge and skills of smallholder breeders in institutional procedures and livestock management and see the effect of increasing the quality of institutional management on the welfare of smallholder breeders. The method used in this research is FGD, counseling and coaching related to institutional and governance procedures, monitoring and evaluation by giving questionnaires to farmers through interviews and descriptive analysis. The results of this study, first, the problem of farmers is the low management of group institutions, especially regarding administration, feed and sales, breeders can understand and practice the procedures and institutional governance of beef cattle groups as an effort to increase additional income for the value of the cattle themselves, improve the quality of management groups have a significant effect on increasing group welfare. The conclusion of this study is that the problems that exist in smallholder farmer groups are the institutional problems of the livestock group that are not good including administrative management, storage and marketing. The training and assistance provided to farmers is able to understand and practice the procedures and governance of institutional management of beef cattle. Improving the quality of group institutional management has a positive and significant effect on improving the welfare of smallholder breeders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2017 the US imposed several tariffs on imports from China. In our study, we derive both the necessary and the sufficient conditions for the tariff to be welfare-enhancing using the ex-post approach. We found the data satisfies both the necessary and the sufficient conditions. So, we conclude that U.S. welfare has improved due to US import tariff on Chinese products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research aims: This study aims to analyze the role of financing and business coaching in BMT (Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil). The role of financing and business coaching focused more on its impact on business development and improved welfare of BMT members who carried out financing. BMT members here were specifically from micro-enterprises by traditional market traders. Design/Methodology/Approach: Market traders used as objects were still micro-scaled in traditional markets in Purworejo Regency, Central Java. In this study, the obtained data that could be processed were 72 respondents from 18 traditional markets. Then, the analysis tool used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) – Variance Based. Research findings: The results of this study exhibited that business coaching had a significant positive effect on business development and welfare improvement of traditional market traders who were still on a micro-scale. The development of these businesses also affected the improvement of their welfare. However, BMT financing did not affect traditional market traders' business development and welfare improvement. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study applied Community Development Theory and Constructive Perception Theory to BMT members' perceptions of business development and welfare improvement. The assessment of business development and welfare improvement was based on the respondents' perceptions, not on numerical standards that came from outside. It is hoped that in this way, the sustainability of the role of BMT towards its members will be more maintained and objective. Practitioner/Policy implication: An important implication of this study's results is that BMT's business coaching for its members, even with relatively small financing, will positively impact their perception of business development and welfare improvement. It can be used to create a better relationship between BMT and its members. Research limitation/Implication: The limitation of this study is that it only used the business coaching variable as a BMT coaching tool for its members. It is also possible that other variables can be used as a tool to maintain good relations between BMT and its members.

We use the overlapping generations model (OLG) to analyze and simulate the optimal retirement decision based on the two criteria of increasing the sustainability of the Social Security Fund (SSF) and improving the welfare of delayed retirees. Our key findings are as follows: (1) Relative to normal retirement, delayed retirement policies are preferable, and voluntary delayed retirement is preferable to passive delayed retirement. (2) Increases in longevity and labor productivity enhance the policy effects of voluntary delayed retirement, while increases in the birth rate promote fund sustainability but weaken its welfare effects. (3) Therefore, when any of these factors increase simultaneously, the sustainability effect is enhanced by superposition, while the birth rate causes the welfare effect to be weakened by superposition. (4) In addition, the result that pensions would crowd out savings and longevity would lead to greater pressure on pension payments does not necessarily hold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of farmers' cooperatives participation and technology adoption on their economic welfare in China. A double selectivity model (DSM) is applied to correct for sample selection bias stemming from both observed and unobserved factors, and a propensity score matching (PSM) method is applied to calculate the agricultural income difference with counter factual analysis using survey data from 396 farmers in 15 provinces in China. The findings indicate that farmers who join farmer cooperatives and adopt agricultural technology can increase agricultural income by 2.77 and 2.35%, respectively, compared with those non-participants and non-adopters. Interestingly, the effect on agricultural income is found to be more significant for the low-income farmers than the high-income ones, with income increasing 5.45 and 4.51% when participating in farmer cooperatives and adopting agricultural technology, respectively. Our findings highlight the positive role of farmer cooperatives and agricultural technology in promoting farmers’ economic welfare. Based on the findings, government policy implications are also discussed.

This paper aims to analyse the healthy-smart concept as a standard design of kitchen waste biogas for urban people. The anaerobic digester (AD) is designed for family size. The planned vertical digester is a one-stage- semi-continuous type because this AD type is easy to operate in urban areas. Kitchen waste or food waste can be generalized as all bio-materials produced from kitchen activities (including vegetables, fruits, bread, rice, coffee ground, tea leaves, etc). The biggest problem with household waste is the non-uniformity of feedstock entering the digester biogas. Five steps will be carried out: to establish technical standards in designing kitchen waste; to calculate the biogas potential from kitchen waste; to simulate the methane demand and generation profile; to calculate the geometry of the biogas digester; and to analyse the operation parameter for gas production into the healthy-smart concept. With a simple simulation of two people in the household for 1 d, the results show that biogas produced from kitchen waste is sufficient for cooking purposes. For the healthy-smart concept of biogas production, some operation parameters must be considered, such as; pH, alkalinity, temperature, volatile fatty acid concentration, volatile solids, and C/N ratio. The results can be used in overcoming the urban household waste and also as a reference in sustainable urban planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Derecho Privado (00347922) is the property of Editorial Reus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Highlights • Cow welfare and environmental impact mitigation affect sustainable dairy farming. • Mitigating environmental impacts at good animal welfare aids sustainability. • Effects of welfare improving measures on emission levels require further analysis. • Trade-offs between impact mitigation and welfare improvement reduce sustainability. • A comprehensive quantification of interdependent effects is still difficult. Abstract The welfare of dairy cows and their emission potential are two distinct and yet intertwined aspects determining the sustainability of dairy farming. Along with numerous measures to mitigate the sector’s environmental impact, good health and welfare are suggested to keep emission levels low. More recently, scientists in both fields have pointed to potential trade-offs for animal welfare arising from the implementation of environmental impact mitigation measures. Research has since focused on the qualitative evaluation of these welfare implications, but little is known about the actual magnitude of the effects on welfare of emission mitigating measures. Moreover, potential environmental impacts associated with welfare improvement measures have hardly been investigated so far, although estimates of respective increases in emission levels associated with various cattle diseases suggest the importance of welfare improvement in pursuit of integral sustainability improvement in dairy farming. For a comprehensive enhancement of the sector’s sustainability, a careful balancing of interdependent effects is thus suggested. This review aims at providing the first inclusive overview on measures of both greenhouse-gas and ammonia emission mitigation and welfare improvement relevant in terms of respective interdependencies. Derived from the literature in both fields, attempts are also made to quantitatively evaluate the interdependent effects. Our findings confirm, that mitigation measures such as breeding for increased genetic yield potential, the use of rumen modifiers and the increase of concentrate ratio in the diet are potentially harmful for the animals’ health and welfare, while an increased amount of fat in the diet and the adaptation of the protein ratio to the yield level offer welfare neutral mitigation potential. By contrasting frequently suggested welfare improvement measures with determinants of emission formation, we identified the increase of space allowance and cleanliness, as well as temperature management and access to pasture as welfare measures with potential environmental impact. As for the evaluation of interdependencies, we found that to some extent a quantification of trade-offs is possible for welfare relevant health disorders, such as lameness and mastitis, for which both the effect of welfare improvement measures on their prevalence and an impact range in terms of emissions have already been described in literature. Although further research is needed for a comprehensive balancing of trade-offs, we conclude, that a careful distinction between the effect of an improvement measure and the effect of its impact as suggested in this review may serve as a basis for further research and improve decision-making in dairy farming in terms of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows that in a two-country two-overlapping-generations model with migration, capital mobility and an immobile production factor (land), a locally welfare-improving pension reform at the cost of the neighboring country is possible if land plays a minor role in production. Furthermore, differences in the size of the PAYG pension schemes between the countries distort the international allocation of labour and capital. As a result, a Pareto-improving pension reform is possible if countries employ PAYG pension schemes of different size, provided that a federal government exists that redistributes benefits and losses of the reform both intergenerationally and internationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Welfare Quality® was the largest ever European research project on animal welfare. Here, we briefly describe some major achievements of Welfare Quality® and identify future research priorities, potential strategies and organisational structures to build on the outcomes. Achievements include: definition of principles and criteria of good welfare; development of standardised, primarily animal-based measures for each welfare criterion and their integration in an overall assessment model. Since Welfare Quality® could not answer all the questions we recommend: Continued development and refinement of the assessment systems and extension to new species. The development of automatic measures of welfare to reduce the duration of the assessment while still retaining its holistic nature. Exploration of potential implementation strategies across food chain actors. Establishment of an independent body to manage and update the assessment and information systems, support their implementation and inform and engage stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows that there is a simple way for a financial institution to make a positive profit, free of risk, under imperfect competition. The institution plays a very limited role. It offers firms in the industry a per-unit subsidy in return for a predetermined upfront fee. It neither produces its own output nor sells the products of the subsidized firms. In equilibrium, firms accept the offer although they end up with lower net profits. The institution makes a positive profit as it collects upfront fees which exceed its subsidy payments. The resulting outcome in a Cournot industry is welfare improvement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

While the environmental impacts of common health disorders in dairy cattle such as lameness have recently been assessed, the effects of specific welfare intervention measures on emissions from dairying are unknown. This study aimed at estimating the impact of lameness intervention through implementation of rubber mats in alleyways on the contribution potential of milk production to global warming (GWP), terrestrial acidification (TAP), freshwater and marine eutrophication (FEP, MEP), as well as to the use of non-renewable and renewable energy resources (nRER, RER). Using life-cycle assessment, the environmental impacts of two model farms in different production areas of Austria (highlands, lowlands) were estimated before and after the implementation of rubber mats. Productivity shortfalls due to lameness in the baseline scenario (S basic) were assumed to be reduced by 50% through improved flooring in the intervention scenario (S mats). For S basic of the highland system, GWP, TAP, FEP, MEP, nRER and RER were estimated at 1.2 kg CO 2 -, 22.9 g SO 2 -, 0.1 g P-, 3.7 g N-, 2.2 and 18.4 MJ-equivalents per kg milk, respectively. In S mats , significant changes in impact levels were only found for TAP (−1.4%), nRER (+2.5%) and RER (−0.8%) (ρ ≤ 0.001). For the lowland system, results were of similar, but slightly lower magnitude. In both systems, TAP, MEP and RER estimates proved insensitive to changes in mat durability, due to a negligible impact of emissions associated with the production of mats (≤0.05%). Varying the assumed lameness reduction potential of mats had a proportionate effect on all categories. Considering the effectiveness of soft flooring in reducing physical trauma, the benefits of rubber mats for emission mitigation can be expected to be more pronounced in the case of sole ulcers rather than digital dermatitis. In conclusion, although a significant mitigating effect was shown for TAP and RER only, the findings indicate the potential of health and welfare improvement measures to mitigate emissions from dairy farming or to at least outweigh the environmental costs of their implementation. However, a comprehensive, primary data-based assessment of other intervention measures is needed to substantiate a general benefit of welfare intervention measures for sustainable dairy farming. • LCA of dairy farms to evaluate rubber mat introduction, considering welfare benefits. • No significant impact changes regarding global warming and eutrophication. • Significant increase of non-renewable energy demand, but decline of acidification. • Impact categories differ in sensitivity to mat durability and lameness reduction. • Positive effect of welfare improvement for emission mitigation confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]