19 results on '"von Gerlach, S."'
Search Results
2. Optische Kohärenztomographie: Stellenwert einer neuen Methode bei der Abklärung unklarer Kehlkopfveränderungen
- Author
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Kraft, M., Glanz, H., von Gerlach, S., Wisweh, H., Lubatschowski, H., and Arens, C.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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3. Morbus Paget des Knochens – eine aktuelle Übersicht zu Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie
- Author
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Klemm, P., primary, Dischereit, G., additional, von Gerlach, S., additional, and Lange, U., additional
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- 2020
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4. Optische Kohärenztomographie
- Author
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Kraft, M., primary, Glanz, H., additional, von Gerlach, S., additional, Wisweh, H., additional, Lubatschowski, H., additional, and Arens, C., additional
- Published
- 2009
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5. Characterization of long-term endogenous cardiac repair in children after heart transplantation
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Rupp, S., primary, Koyanagi, M., additional, Iwasaki, M., additional, Bauer, J., additional, von Gerlach, S., additional, Schranz, D., additional, Zeiher, A. M., additional, and Dimmeler, S., additional
- Published
- 2008
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6. Myocardial Accumulations of Reg3A, Reg3γ and Oncostatin M Are Associated with the Formation of Granulomata in Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis.
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Gajawada P, Cetinkaya A, von Gerlach S, Kubin N, Burger H, Näbauer M, Grinninger C, Rolf A, Schönburg M, Choi YH, Kubin T, and Richter M
- Subjects
- Adult, Apoptosis, Aurora Kinases metabolism, Cardiomyopathies pathology, Cell Proliferation, Cytoskeletal Proteins metabolism, Female, Granuloma pathology, Histones metabolism, Humans, Ki-67 Antigen metabolism, Macrophages metabolism, Macrophages physiology, Male, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Microfilament Proteins metabolism, Middle Aged, Sarcoidosis pathology, Cardiomyopathies metabolism, Granuloma metabolism, Myocardium metabolism, Oncostatin M metabolism, Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins metabolism, Sarcoidosis metabolism
- Abstract
Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a poorly understood disease and is characterized by the focal accumulation of immune cells, thus leading to the formation of granulomata (GL). To identify the developmental principles of fatal GL, fluorescence microscopy and Western blot analysis of CS and control patients is presented here. CS is visualized macroscopically by positron emission tomography (PET)/ computed tomography (CT). A battery of antibodies is used to determine structural, cell cycle and inflammatory markers. GL consist of CD68
+ , CD163+ and CD206+ macrophages surrounded by T-cells within fibrotic areas. Cell cycle markers such as phospho-histone H3, phospho-Aurora and Ki67 were moderately present; however, the phosphorylated ERM (ezrin, radixin and moesin) and Erk1/2 proteins, strong expression of the myosin motor protein and the macrophage transcription factor PU.1 indicate highly active GL. Mild apoptosis is consistent with PI3 kinase and Akt activation. Massive amounts of the IL-1R antagonist reflect a mild activation of stress and inflammatory pathways in GL. High levels of oncostatin M and the Reg3A and Reg3γ chemokines are in accordance with macrophage accumulation in areas of remodeling cardiomyocytes. We conclude that the formation of GL occurs mainly through chemoattraction and less by proliferation of macrophages. Furthermore, activation of the oncostatin/Reg3 axis might help at first to wall-off substances but might initiate the chronic development of heart failure.- Published
- 2021
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7. [Paget's disease of bone-a current review of clinical aspects, diagnostics and treatment].
- Author
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Klemm P, Dischereit G, von Gerlach S, and Lange U
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- Bone Resorption, Bone and Bones, Diagnostic Imaging, Diphosphonates therapeutic use, Humans, Osteitis Deformans diagnosis, Osteitis Deformans drug therapy
- Abstract
Paget's disease is a monostotic or polyostotic progressive skeletal disease with a genetic predisposition. The affected bone areas show osseous swelling and often grotesque deformation, chronic pain and fractures. Many cases are asymptomatic for a long time resulting in a late diagnosis. The pathogenesis is still unknown. In addition to a genetic predisposition, viral factors are also discussed. Laboratory tests and imaging are used for diagnosis. The effective principle of medicinal bisphosphonate treatment is to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption and should be initiated early to prevent secondary complications. This article presents the current knowledge about this rare osteological disease.
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- 2021
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8. Reactive mesothelial hyperplasia mimicking mesothelioma in an African green monkey ( Chlorocebus aethiops ).
- Author
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Plesker R, Köhler K, von Gerlach S, Boller K, Vogt M, and Feder IS
- Abstract
A spontaneous reactive mesothelial hyperplasia occurred in a female, 15.7-year-old African green monkey (grivet; Chlorocebus aethiops ). At necropsy, massive effusions were found in the abdomen, the thorax, and the pericardium. Additionally, multiple small, beige-gray nodules were detected on the serosal surfaces of the abdominal organs. Histopathologically, the mesothelial cells resembled the epithelioid subtype of a mesothelioma, but no infiltrative or invasive growth could be demonstrated. The mesothelial cells on the thoracis, liver, and intestinal serosa were accompanied by chronic serositis. Mesothelial cells expressed cytokeratin, vimentin, calretinin, desmin, Wilms Tumor 1 (WT-1) protein, and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Cells were negative for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cluster of differentiation 15 (CD15), and podoplanin. Ultrastructurally, cells revealed a moderate amount of microvilli of medium length, perinuclear tonofilament bundles, and long desmosomes. In fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the detection of characteristic gene loss (p16; CDKN2A), NF2, and MTAP, no deletions were detected. No asbestos fibers and no presence of Simian virus 40 antigen (SV40) could be demonstrated., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Roland Plesker et al.)
- Published
- 2020
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9. Rapidly progressive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in an infant with Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines: palliative treatment with a rapamycin analog.
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Hahn A, Lauriol J, Thul J, Behnke-Hall K, Logeswaran T, Schänzer A, Böğürcü N, Garvalov BK, Zenker M, Gelb BD, von Gerlach S, Kandolf R, Kontaridis MI, and Schranz D
- Subjects
- Base Sequence, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic surgery, DNA Mutational Analysis, Disease Progression, Genetic Association Studies, Heart Transplantation, Humans, LEOPARD Syndrome surgery, Male, Mutation, Missense, Myocardium pathology, Palliative Care, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 genetics, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic diagnosis, Everolimus therapeutic use, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, LEOPARD Syndrome diagnosis
- Abstract
Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML) frequently manifests with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Recently, it was demonstrated that mTOR inhibition reverses HCM in NSML mice. We report for the first time on the effects of treatment with a rapamycin analog in an infant with LS and malignant HCM. In the boy, progressive HCM was diagnosed during the first week of life and a diagnosis of NSML was established at age 20 weeks by showing a heterozygous Q510E mutation in PTPN11. Immunoblotting with antibodies against pERK, pAkt, and pS6RP in fibroblasts demonstrated enhanced Akt/mTOR pathway activity. Because of the patient's critical condition, everolimus therapy was started at age 24 weeks and continued until heart transplantation at age 36 weeks. Prior to surgery, heart failure improved from NYHA stage IV to II and brain natriuretic peptide values decreased from 9,600 to <1,000 pg/ml, but no reversal of cardiac hypertrophy was observed. Examination of the explanted heart revealed severe hypertrophy and myofiber disarray with extensive perivascular fibrosis. These findings provide evidence that Akt/mTOR activity is enhanced in NSML with HCM and suggest that rapamycin treatment could principally be feasible for infantile NSML. The preliminary experiences made in this single patient indicate that therapy should start early to prevent irreversible cardiac remodelling., (© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Published
- 2015
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10. Mast cells and fibroblasts work in concert to aggravate pulmonary fibrosis: role of transmembrane SCF and the PAR-2/PKC-α/Raf-1/p44/42 signaling pathway.
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Wygrecka M, Dahal BK, Kosanovic D, Petersen F, Taborski B, von Gerlach S, Didiasova M, Zakrzewicz D, Preissner KT, Schermuly RT, and Markart P
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- Cell Communication physiology, Cell Count, Cell Degranulation physiology, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Coculture Techniques, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Fibroblasts drug effects, Fibroblasts metabolism, Humans, Lung metabolism, Lung pathology, Mast Cells metabolism, Protein Kinases physiology, Pulmonary Fibrosis metabolism, Receptor, PAR-2 physiology, Signal Transduction drug effects, Signal Transduction physiology, Stem Cell Factor physiology, Tryptases pharmacology, Tryptases physiology, Fibroblasts physiology, Mast Cells physiology, Pulmonary Fibrosis pathology
- Abstract
Mast cell (MC) accumulation has been demonstrated in the lungs of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. Mediators released from MCs may regulate tissue remodeling processes, thereby contributing to IPF pathogenesis. We investigated the role of MC-fibroblast interaction in the progression of lung fibrosis. Increased numbers of activated MCs, in close proximity to fibroblast foci and alveolar type II cells, were observed in IPF lungs. Correspondingly elevated tryptase levels were detected in IPF lung tissue samples. Coculture of human lung MCs with human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) induced MC activation, as evinced by tryptase release, and stimulated HLF proliferation; IPF HLFs exhibited a significantly higher growth rate, compared with control. Tryptase stimulated HLF growth in a PAR-2/PKC-α/Raf-1/p44/42-dependent manner and potentiated extracellular matrix production, but independent of PKC-α, Raf-1, and p44/42 activities. Proproliferative properties of tryptase were attenuated by knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of PAR-2, PKC-α, Raf-1, or p44/42. Expression of transmembrane SCF, but not soluble SCF, was elevated in IPF lung tissue and in fibroblasts isolated from IPF lungs. Coculture of IPF HLFs with MCs enhanced MC survival and proliferation. These effects were cell-contact dependent and could be inhibited by application of anti-SCF antibody or CD117 inhibitor. Thus, fibroblasts and MCs appear to work in concert to perpetuate fibrotic processes and so contribute to lung fibrosis progression., (Copyright © 2013 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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11. Induction of matrix metalloproteinases and TLR2 and 6 in murine colon after oral exposure to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
- Author
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Roderfeld M, Koc A, Rath T, Blöcher S, Tschuschner A, Akineden Ö, Fischer M, von Gerlach S, Goethe R, Eckelt E, Meens J, Bülte M, Basler T, and Roeb E
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- Animals, Crohn Disease immunology, Crohn Disease microbiology, Matrix Metalloproteinases genetics, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Paratuberculosis immunology, Paratuberculosis microbiology, Paratuberculosis physiopathology, Toll-Like Receptor 2 genetics, Toll-Like Receptor 6 genetics, Colon microbiology, Crohn Disease physiopathology, Gene Expression Regulation, Matrix Metalloproteinases metabolism, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis pathogenicity, Toll-Like Receptor 2 metabolism, Toll-Like Receptor 6 metabolism
- Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is suspected to be a causative agent in Crohn's disease. Recent evidence suggests that MAP can induce the expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are the main proteases in the pathogenesis of mucosal ulcerations in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Within the present study, we analysed whether oral MAP exposure can induce colonic MMP expression in vivo. In MAP exposed mice MAP and spheroplasts were visualized in intramucosal leukocyte aggregates. MAP exposed mice exhibited a higher colonic expression of Mmp-2, -9, -13, -14, Timp-1, Tlr2, Tlr6, Il-1β, and Tnf-α. Cell clusters of MMP-9 positive cells adjacent to intramucosal leukocyte aggregates and CD45(+) leukocytes were identified as the major cellular sources of MMP-9. Enhanced TLR2 expression was visualized on the luminal side of colonic enterocytes. Although MAP exposure did not lead to macroscopic intestinal inflammation, the observed MAP spheroplasts in intramucosal leukocyte aggregates together with increased colonic expression of toll-like receptors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and MMPs upon MAP exposure represents a part of the host immune response towards MAP., (Copyright © 2012 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
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12. Pressure overload leads to an increase of cardiac resident stem cells.
- Author
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Rupp S, Bauer J, von Gerlach S, Fichtlscherer S, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S, and Schranz D
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- Biopsy, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Microscopy, Confocal, Pressure, Heart Diseases pathology, Myocardium cytology, Myocytes, Cardiac cytology, Stem Cells cytology
- Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the mammalian heart possesses some capacity for cardiac regeneration. This regenerative capacity is primarily documented postnatally and after myocardial infarction or pressure overload. Although the cell type that mediates endogenous regeneration is unclear, cardiac stem cells might be considered as potential candidates. To determine the number of c-kit + cardiac resident cells under conditions of pressure overload, we evaluated specimens derived from n = 8 patients with pressure overloaded single right ventricles in comparison to n = 4 explanted hearts from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and n = 14 biopsies from children after heart transplantation. The age of the patients ranged from 16 days to 19 years. For quantification of cardiac stem cells, c-kit+/mast cell tryptase-/CD45- cells were counted and expressed as percent of the total nuclei. In specimens from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, 0.13 ± 0.09% c-kit +/mast cell tryptase-/CD45- cells were detected. However, in specimens from patients with pressure overloaded single right ventricles, the numbers of c-kit+/mast cell tryptase-/CD45- cells were significantly higher (0.41 ±0.24%, p < 0.05). Under conditions of pressure overload, the right ventricle shows an approximately three-fold increase in c-kit+/mast cell tryptase-/CD45- cardiac resident cells. Despite the fact that this increased number of c-kit+ cells is not sufficient to prevent the failing heart from congestive heart failure, understanding the mechanism that leads to an increase of presumably cardiac resident stem cells under conditions of pressure overload might help to develop new strategies to enhance endogenous repair.
- Published
- 2012
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13. Role of protease-activated receptor-2 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Wygrecka M, Kwapiszewska G, Jablonska E, von Gerlach S, Henneke I, Zakrzewicz D, Guenther A, Preissner KT, and Markart P
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- Cell Differentiation physiology, Factor VIIa physiology, Factor Xa physiology, Female, Fibroblasts pathology, Fibronectins biosynthesis, Humans, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis metabolism, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis pathology, In Vitro Techniques, Lung pathology, Male, Middle Aged, Mitosis, Myofibroblasts pathology, Osteopontin biosynthesis, Pulmonary Alveoli pathology, Receptor, PAR-2 analysis, Thrombin biosynthesis, Thromboplastin physiology, Transforming Growth Factor beta pharmacology, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis etiology, Receptor, PAR-2 physiology
- Abstract
Rationale: Activation of the coagulation cascade has been demonstrated in pulmonary fibrosis. In addition to its procoagulant function, various coagulation proteases exhibit cellular effects that may also contribute to fibrotic processes in the lung., Objective: To investigate the importance of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 and its activators, coagulation factor VIIa (FVIIa)/tissue factor (TF), in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)., Methods: Expression and localization of PAR-2 and its activators were examined in IPF lung tissue. The ability of PAR-2 to mediate various cellular processes was studied in vitro., Measurements and Main Results: Expression of PAR-2 was strongly elevated in IPF lungs and was attributable to alveolar type II cells and fibroblasts/myofibroblasts. Transforming growth factor-β(1), a key profibrotic cytokine, considerably enhanced PAR-2 expression in human lung fibroblasts. FVIIa stimulated proliferation of human lung fibroblasts and extracellular matrix production in a PAR-2-dependent manner, but did not initiate differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. PAR-2/FVIIa-driven mitogenic activities were mediated via the p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and were independent of factor Xa and thrombin production. Proproliferative properties of FVIIa were markedly potentiated in the presence of TF and abrogated by TF antisense oligonucleotides. Hyperplastic alveolar type II cells overlying fibroblastic foci were found to be the source of FVII in IPF lungs. Moreover, TF colocalized with PAR-2 on fibroblasts/myofibroblasts in IPF lungs., Conclusions: The PAR-2/TF/FVIIa axis may contribute to the development of pulmonary fibrosis; thus, interference with this pathway confers novel therapeutic potential for the treatment of IPF.
- Published
- 2011
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14. In vitro evaluation of the sinus sagittalis superior thrombosis model in the rat using 3D micro- and nanocomputed tomography.
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Langheinrich AC, Yeniguen M, Ostendorf A, Marhoffer S, Dierkes C, von Gerlach S, Nedelmann M, Kampschulte M, Bachmann G, Stolz E, and Gerriets T
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- Animals, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional instrumentation, Male, Nanotechnology instrumentation, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography, X-Ray Computed instrumentation, Disease Models, Animal, Imaging, Three-Dimensional veterinary, Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis diagnostic imaging, Superior Sagittal Sinus diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed veterinary
- Abstract
Introduction: Thrombosis of the cerebral veins and sinus are common causes of stroke. Animal models help us to understand the underlying pathophysiology of this condition. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to evaluate a well-established model for sinus sagittalis (SSS) thrombosis using micro- and nanocomputed tomography (CT) imaging., Methods: SSS thrombosis was performed in four rats. After contrast perfusion, brains were isolated and scanned using micro-CT at (8 microm)(3) voxel size to generate 3D images of the cerebral vasculature. For more detailed information on vascular perfusion territories, nano-CT imaging was performed to investigate the boundary layer of contrast-enhanced vessels and the occluded veins. The venous and arterial vascular volume fraction and gray scale measurements were obtained in the SSS thrombosis group and compared to controls. The significance of differences in vascular volume fraction and gray scale measurements was tested with analysis of variance. Results were complemented with histology., Results: Micro-CT proved to accurately visualize and differentiate vascular occlusion territories performed in the SSS thrombosis model. Moreover, 3D micro-CT provided quantitative information on arterial and venous vascular volume fraction. Micro-CT imaging enables a total 3D visualization of complications (ventricle rupture) in the SSS thrombosis model. We established gray scale measurements by which focal cerebral ischemia could be radiographically categorized (p < 0.001)., Conclusions: Using nano-CT, the interface of contrast-perfused and occluded veins can be visualized. Micro-CT is feasible for analysis and differentiation of perfusion territories in an animal model of focal cerebral ischemia.
- Published
- 2010
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15. Pericardial hemangioma vascularized via left anterior descending.
- Author
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Liebetrau C, Szalay Z, von Gerlach S, Möllmann H, Nef H, Hamm C, and Weber M
- Subjects
- Coronary Angiography, Coronary Vessels, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Heart Neoplasms blood supply, Heart Neoplasms pathology, Hemangioma blood supply, Hemangioma pathology, Pericardium
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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16. Clinical value of optical coherence tomography in laryngology.
- Author
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Kraft M, Glanz H, von Gerlach S, Wisweh H, Lubatschowski H, and Arens C
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- Biopsy, Hospitals, University, Humans, Intraoperative Period, Laryngeal Diseases diagnosis, Laryngeal Diseases surgery, Laryngeal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Laryngeal Neoplasms pathology, Laryngoscopy methods, Precancerous Conditions diagnostic imaging, Precancerous Conditions pathology, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Radiography, Sensitivity and Specificity, Laryngeal Diseases diagnostic imaging, Laryngeal Diseases pathology, Tomography, Optical Coherence
- Abstract
Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new, noninvasive imaging technology for the evaluation of superficial lesions. The objective of this study is to evaluate microlaryngoscopy in combination with OCT compared with microlaryngoscopy alone (ie, without OCT) in supplying a specific diagnosis, predicting invasive tumor growth and epithelial dysplasia in the larynx., Methods: This was a prospective study including 217 laryngeal lesions in a total of 193 patients undergoing surgery. Intraoperative suspicion diagnosis gained by microlaryngoscopy with and without OCT was compared with conventional histopathology after excisional biopsy., Results: Microlaryngoscopy with OCT supplied a specific diagnosis in 89% of cases, but in only 80% of cases with microlaryngoscopy alone. In particular, our results in malignant and benign pathologies were correct in 93% each, and the exact grade of dysplasia could be predicted in 71% of precancerous lesions. Microlaryngoscopy with OCT presented a higher sensitivity than microlaryngoscopy alone in predicting invasive tumor growth (93% vs 87%) and epithelial dysplasia (78% vs 66%), but the specificity and accuracy were comparable in both methods., Conclusions: OCT is a simple, rapid, and reliable aid in the diagnostic investigation and intraoperative monitoring of laryngeal disease., ((c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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17. Aortic valve stenosis due to alkaptonuria.
- Author
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Brueck M, Bandorski D, Kramer W, Schoenburg M, von Gerlach S, and Tillmanns H
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- Aged, Aortic Valve Stenosis diagnosis, Aortic Valve Stenosis surgery, Calcinosis complications, Calcinosis diagnosis, Calcinosis surgery, Cardiomyopathies complications, Cardiomyopathies diagnosis, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Bypass methods, Coronary Disease diagnosis, Coronary Disease etiology, Coronary Disease surgery, Echocardiography, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Alkaptonuria complications, Aortic Valve Stenosis etiology, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation methods
- Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a less-well appreciated aspect of alkaptonuria. A 69-year-old man presented with shortness of breath and exertional chest pain. He had a previous diagnosis of alkaptonuria (endogenous ochronosis), confirmed on the basis of urine coloration, skin pigmentation and ochronotic arthropathy in the knees. Echocardiography and coronary angiography revealed severe aortic valve stenosis and concomitant coronary artery disease. The patient underwent biological aortic valve replacement (AVR) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Operative findings included ochronosis of a severely calcified aortic valve and the aortic intima, and bioprosthetic AVR and CABG were successfully performed.
- Published
- 2008
18. Acute rat lung injury: feasibility of assessment with micro-CT.
- Author
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Langheinrich AC, Leithäuser B, Greschus S, Von Gerlach S, Breithecker A, Matthias FR, Rau WS, and Bohle RM
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- Animals, Barium Sulfate, Capillaries diagnostic imaging, Capillaries pathology, Contrast Media, Endotoxins toxicity, Feasibility Studies, Gelatin, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Lung pathology, Lung Diseases etiology, Lung Diseases pathology, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Pulmonary Alveoli diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Alveoli pathology, Pulmonary Edema diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Edema pathology, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Thymol, Tissue Embedding, Lung diagnostic imaging, Lung Diseases diagnostic imaging, Microradiography methods, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of micro-computed tomography (CT) for analysis of the lung fine structure and its alterations during endotoxin-induced lung injury., Materials and Methods: Intravital perfusion-fixed rat lungs with (n = 5) and without (n = 5) endotoxin perfusion were scanned with micro-CT. Three imaging modalities (conventional histology, intravital microscopy, and electron microscopy) were used to document the effect of endotoxin and the in vivo application of contrast agent (a mixture of barium sulfate, gelatin, and thymol). The effect of endotoxin on structural changes of the lung was evaluated with analysis of variance., Results: Intravital microscopy, conventional histology, and electron microscopy demonstrated capillary perfusion of contrast agent, inflated alveoli, and no extravasation of barium sulfate in the extravascular space. Systemic application of endotoxin led to a significant increase in the soft-tissue volume of the lungs (ie, tissue edema) (58.09 microm(3)+/- 4.6 [standard error of the mean] vs 8.31 microm(3)+/- 1.63, P <.001) and significant thickening of the alveolar walls (34.01 microm +/- 4.5 vs 14.83 microm +/- 2.5, P <.001) at micro-CT. Simultaneously, endotoxin-treated rat lungs showed a significant reduction in total air space (49.74 microm(3)+/- 1.72 vs 100.99 microm(3)+/- 1.16, P <.001)., Conclusion: These findings indicate that micro-CT is feasible for structural evaluation of the lung fine structure and its alterations during endotoxin-induced lung injury., (Copyright RSNA, 2004)
- Published
- 2004
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19. Atherosclerotic lesions at micro CT: feasibility for analysis of coronary artery wall in autopsy specimens.
- Author
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Langheinrich AC, Bohle RM, Greschus S, Hackstein N, Walker G, von Gerlach S, Rau WS, and Hölschermann H
- Subjects
- Aged, Coronary Artery Disease pathology, Coronary Vessels pathology, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Male, Microradiography, Middle Aged, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of micro computed tomography (CT) for analysis of the coronary artery wall., Materials and Methods: With micro CT, two-dimensional transverse images were generated from 10 human autopsy specimens of coronary arteries (2.5-3.5 cm long), with section thickness of 6 microm. Vessel wall perimeter, plaque area, calcified lesion area, media area, and lumen area were determined by three experienced radiologists. Results were compared with those obtained from a detailed conventional histomorphometric analysis of corresponding cross sections. Hotelling T(2) test (a multivariate generalization of the univariate Student t test) and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to assess the correlation between micro CT findings and conventional histologic measurements. The significance of differences in gray-scale measurements was tested with analysis of variance., Results: Micro CT provided quantitative information about plaque morphology equivalent to that provided with histomorphometric analysis. Hotelling T(2) test revealed significantly smaller values for vessel wall perimeter and lumen area with histologic sections (P <.001). Gray-scale measurements were established with which lesions could be categorized after histologic classification., Conclusion: Micro CT is feasible for analysis of the coronary artery wall., (Copyright RSNA, 2004)
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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