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2. Strategies to decrease inequalities in cancer therapeutics, care and prevention: Proceedings on a conference organized by the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and the European Academy of Cancer Sciences, Vatican City, February 23-24, 2023.

Author

Ringborg, Ulrik, von Braun, Joachim, Celis, Julio, Baumann, Michael, Berns, Anton, Eggermont, Alexander, Heard, Edith, Heitor, Manuel, Chandy, Mammen, Chen, Chien-Jen, Costa, Alberto, De Lorenzo, Francesco, De Robertis, Edward, Dubee, Frederick, Ernberg, Ingemar, Gabriel, Mariya, Helland, Åslaug, Henrique, Rui, Jönsson, Bengt, Kallioniemi, Olli, Korbel, Jan, Krause, Mechthild, Lowy, Douglas, Michielin, Olivier, Nagy, Peter, Oberst, Simon, Paglia, Vincenzo, Parker, M, Ryan, Kevin, Sawyers, Charles, Schüz, Joachim, Silkaitis, Katherine, Solary, Eric, Thomas, David, Turkson, Peter, Weiderpass, Elisabete, and Yang, Huanming

Subjects
cancer prevention, cancer therapeutics/care, healthcare, inequalities, science policy, translational cancer research, Humans, Vatican City, Neoplasms, Translational Research, Biomedical, Delivery of Health Care, Precision Medicine
Abstract

Analyses of inequalities related to prevention and cancer therapeutics/care show disparities between countries with different economic standing, and within countries with high Gross Domestic Product. The development of basic technological and biological research provides clinical and prevention opportunities that make their implementation into healthcare systems more complex, mainly due to the growth of Personalized/Precision Cancer Medicine (PCM). Initiatives like the USA-Cancer Moonshot and the EU-Mission on Cancer and Europes Beating Cancer Plan are initiated to boost cancer prevention and therapeutics/care innovation and to mitigate present inequalities. The conference organized by the Pontifical Academy of Sciences in collaboration with the European Academy of Cancer Sciences discussed the inequality problem, dependent on the economic status of a country, the increasing demands for infrastructure supportive of innovative research and its implementation in healthcare and prevention programs. Establishing translational research defined as a coherent cancer research continuum is still a challenge. Research has to cover the entire continuum from basic to outcomes research for clinical and prevention modalities. Comprehensive Cancer Centres (CCCs) are of critical importance for integrating research innovations to preclinical and clinical research, as for ensuring state-of-the-art patient care within healthcare systems. International collaborative networks between CCCs are necessary to reach the critical mass of infrastructures and patients for PCM research, and for introducing prevention modalities and new treatments effectively. Outcomes and health economics research are required to assess the cost-effectiveness of new interventions, currently a missing element in the research portfolio. Data sharing and critical mass are essential for innovative research to develop PCM. Despite advances in cancer research, cancer incidence and prevalence is growing. Making cancer research infrastructures accessible for all patients, considering the increasing inequalities, requires science policy actions incentivizing research aimed at prevention and cancer therapeutics/care with an increased focus on patients needs and cost-effective healthcare.

Published
2024

3. Critical hydrologic impacts from climate change: addressing an urgent global need

Author

Falk, Jim, Gleick, Peter H., Asayama, Shinichiro, Attig-Bahar, Faten, Behera, Swadin, von Braun, Joachim, Colwell, Rita R., Chapagain, Ashok K., El-Beltagy, Adel S., Kennel, Charles F., Kimoto, Masahide, Koike, Toshio, Konde, Agnes Asiimwe, Koundouri, Phoebe, Abd-Elmabod, Sameh Kotb Mohamed, Lal, Rattan, Lee, Yuan Tseh, Murray, Cherry A., Nangia, Vina, Sapkota, Amy, Saijo, Tatsuyoshi, Serageldin, Ismail, Soussana, Jean-François, Takara, Kaoru, Takeuchi, Kazuhiko, Tran, Thong, Victor, David, Watanabe, Chiho, Wheeler, Kevin, and Yasunari, Tetsuzo

Published
2024
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6. The True Cost of Food: A Preliminary Assessment

Author

Hendriks, Sheryl, de Groot Ruiz, Adrian, Acosta, Mario Herrero, Baumers, Hans, Galgani, Pietro, Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Godde, Cecile, Waha, Katharina, Kanidou, Dimitra, von Braun, Joachim, Benitez, Mauricio, Blanke, Jennifer, Caron, Patrick, Fanzo, Jessica, Greb, Friederike, Haddad, Lawrence, Herforth, Anna, Jordaan, Danie, Masters, William, Sadoff, Claudia, Soussana, Jean-François, Tirado, Maria Cristina, Torero, Maximo, Watkins, Matthew, von Braun, Joachim, editor, Afsana, Kaosar, editor, Fresco, Louise O., editor, and Hassan, Mohamed Hag Ali, editor

Published
2023
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13. AI/Robotics and the Poor

Author

von Braun, Joachim, Baumüller, Heike, von Braun, Joachim, editor, S. Archer, Margaret, editor, Reichberg, Gregory M., editor, and Sánchez Sorondo, Marcelo, editor

Published
2021
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16. Marginality: Addressing the Nexus of Poverty, Exclusion and Ecology

Author

von Braun, Joachim, Gatzweiler, Franz W., von Braun, Joachim, and Gatzweiler, Franz W.

Subjects
Environment, general, Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice, Environmental Economics, Social Policy, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics, bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries, bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine, bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
Abstract

Environment, general; Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice; Environmental Economics; Social Policy

Published
2014
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22. Robotics, AI, and Humanity. Science, Ethics, and Policy.

Author

von Braun, Joachim, Reichberg, Gregory M., S. Archer, Margaret, Sánchez Sorondo, Marcelo, and von Braun, Joachim

Subjects
Artificial intelligence, Cognition & cognitive psychology, Ethics & moral philosophy, Labour economics, Political economy, Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Psychology, Ethics, Labor Economics, Labor and Population Economics, Moral Philosophy and Applied Ethics, Open Access, Social & ethical issues, Social Policy, armed conflict, consciousness, economics, informatics, innovation, philosophy, political science, poverty, robotics, sociology
Abstract

Summary: This open access book examines recent advances in how artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics have elicited widespread debate over their benefits and drawbacks for humanity. The emergent technologies have for instance implications within medicine and health care, employment, transport, manufacturing, agriculture, and armed conflict. While there has been considerable attention devoted to robotics/AI applications in each of these domains, a fuller picture of their connections and the possible consequences for our shared humanity seems needed. This volume covers multidisciplinary research, examines current research frontiers in AI/robotics and likely impacts on societal well-being, human - robot relationships, as well as the opportunities and risks for sustainable development and peace. The attendant ethical and religious dimensions of these technologies are addressed and implications for regulatory policies on the use and future development of AI/robotics technologies are elaborated.

23. Addressing our planetary crisis: Consensus statement from the presenters and International Advisory Committee of the Regional Action on Climate Change (RACC) Symposium held in conjunction with the Kyoto-based Science and Technology in Society (STS) Forum, 1 October 2021

Author

Falk, Jim, Attig-Bahar, Faten, Colwell, Rita R., Behera, Swadhin K., El-Beltagy, Adel S., von Braun, Joachim, Dasgupta, Partha, Gleick, Peter H., Kaneko, Ryuichi, Kennel, Charles F., Koundouri, Phoebe, Lee, Yuan Tseh, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Luers, Amy, Murray, Cherry A., Lal, Rattan, Serageldin, Ismail, Sokona, Youba, Takeuchi, Kazuhiko, Taniguchi, Makoto, Watanabe, Chiho, and Yasunari, Tetsuzo

Published
2022
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24. Strategies to decrease inequalities in cancer therapeutics, care and prevention: Proceedings on a conference organized by the Pontifical Academy of Sciences and the European Academy of Cancer Sciences, Vatican City, February 23–24, 2023

Author

MS Hematologie, Ringborg, Ulrik, von Braun, Joachim, Celis, Julio, Baumann, Michael, Berns, Anton, Eggermont, Alexander, Heard, Edith, Heitor, Manuel, Chandy, Mammen, Chen, Chien Jen, Costa, Alberto, De Lorenzo, Francesco, De Robertis, Edward M., Dubee, Frederick Charles, Ernberg, Ingemar, Gabriel, Mariya, Helland, Åslaug, Henrique, Rui, Jönsson, Bengt, Kallioniemi, Olli, Korbel, Jan, Krause, Mechthild, Lowy, Douglas R., Michielin, Olivier, Nagy, Peter, Oberst, Simon, Paglia, Vincenzo, Parker, M. Iqbal, Ryan, Kevin, Sawyers, Charles L., Schüz, Joachim, Silkaitis, Katherine, Solary, Eric, Thomas, David, Turkson, Peter, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Yang, Huanming, MS Hematologie, Ringborg, Ulrik, von Braun, Joachim, Celis, Julio, Baumann, Michael, Berns, Anton, Eggermont, Alexander, Heard, Edith, Heitor, Manuel, Chandy, Mammen, Chen, Chien Jen, Costa, Alberto, De Lorenzo, Francesco, De Robertis, Edward M., Dubee, Frederick Charles, Ernberg, Ingemar, Gabriel, Mariya, Helland, Åslaug, Henrique, Rui, Jönsson, Bengt, Kallioniemi, Olli, Korbel, Jan, Krause, Mechthild, Lowy, Douglas R., Michielin, Olivier, Nagy, Peter, Oberst, Simon, Paglia, Vincenzo, Parker, M. Iqbal, Ryan, Kevin, Sawyers, Charles L., Schüz, Joachim, Silkaitis, Katherine, Solary, Eric, Thomas, David, Turkson, Peter, Weiderpass, Elisabete, and Yang, Huanming

Published
2024

28. Nutrition

Author

von Braun, Joachim, Kühnhardt, Ludger, editor, and Mayer, Tilman, editor

Published
2019
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34. Contributions of Students and Debate

Author

Battro, Antonio M., Léna, Pierre, Sorondo, Marcelo Sánchez, von Braun, Joachim, Battro, Antonio M., editor, Léna, Pierre, editor, Sánchez Sorondo, Marcelo, editor, and von Braun, Joachim, editor

Published
2017
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42. Global Cost of Land Degradation

Author

Nkonya, Ephraim, Anderson, Weston, Kato, Edward, Koo, Jawoo, Mirzabaev, Alisher, von Braun, Joachim, Meyer, Stefan, Nkonya, Ephraim, editor, Mirzabaev, Alisher, editor, and von Braun, Joachim, editor

Published
2016
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45. Role of food choice motives in the socio-economic disparities in diet diversity and obesity outcomes in Kenya.

Author

Maina, Cecilia Chemeli, Kornher, Lukas, and von Braun, Joachim

Subjects
OBESITY, INCOME, DIET, STANDARD deviations, CLUSTER sampling
Abstract

Background: The increased prevalence of overweight and obesity, along with high diet diversity, is observed among higher socio-economic groups in Sub-Saharan Africa. One contributing factor to these observed variations is food choice motives. However, the role of these motives in explaining the observed differences has not been thoroughly explored in this context. Objective: This study investigates whether there are significant differences in food choice motives among socio-economic groups and whether these variations can partly explain the socio-economic disparities in diet diversity and overweight and obesity outcomes. Methods: This study utilizes cross-sectional data from four counties in Kenya: Kiambu, Murang'a, Uasin Gishu, and Nakuru. The survey employed a three-stage cluster sample design to gather data using structured questionnaires on food choice motives, diet diversity, and anthropometrics from 381 adults in 2022. The mediating effects of 8 food choice motives (health, mood, convenience, sensory appeal, natural content, price, weight control, and familiarity) were analyzed using the Karlson-Holm-Breen method. Results: The results show that individuals with higher household incomes place greater importance on health, mood, sensory, and weight concerns. The probability of an overweight and obesity outcome increases by 19% for a standard deviation change in the asset score, and by 8% for a standard deviation change in the years of schooling. Sensory motives significantly mediated these relationships. Sensory motives explained 29% of the income-BMI association and 30% of the education-BMI relationship. Higher education was also associated with increased diet diversity (β = 0.36, P < 0.001) mediated by higher health and sensory concerns. Conclusions: The findings suggest significant differences in food choice motives among socio-economic groups, which contribute to outcomes such as overweight and obesity. Therefore, educational and other policies aimed at reducing obesity should also address food choice motives, while considering the disparities among socio-economic segments within populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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47. Ernährung

Author

von Braun, Joachim, Kühnhardt, Ludger, editor, and Mayer, Tilman, editor

Published
2017
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