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Rice is a staple crop in South Korea and globally. The era of global boiling, characterized by rising temperatures and abnormal climatic conditions, significantly impacts crop production worldwide. This study examines the effects of high temperatures and rainfall on early maturing rice varieties, focusing on enhancing heat tolerance during the ripening stage and preharvest sprouting resistance. Utilizing ‘Milyang247,’ a progeny line from ‘Nampyeong,’ we developed the intermediate line ‘MY362VP.’ During 2020–2022, regional adaptability tests were conducted at five locations across Korea. Results showed that ‘MY362VP’ had a viviparous germination rate of 1.9% compared to 19.0% in the control variety ‘Jopyeong.’ Furthermore, ‘MY362VP’ maintained a head rice rate of 90.6% under high temperature conditions, outperforming ‘Jopyeong,’ which has a rate of 62.1%. ‘MY362VP’ produced an average yield of 529 kg/10a, comparable to the control’s 518 kg/10a. This study offers valuable insights for breeding climate-resilient early-maturing rice varieties, positioning ‘MY362VP’ as a promising candidate for future cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low temperature is a serious threat to the seed emergence of rice, which has become one of the main limiting factors affecting rice production in the world. It is of great significance to find the candidate genes controlling low-temperature tolerance during seed germination and study their functions for breeding new rice cultivars with immense low-temperature tolerance during seed germination. In the current experiment, 120 lines of the Cheongcheong Nagdong Double Haploid (CNDH) population were used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of low-temperature germinability. The results showed a significant difference in germination under low different temperature (LDT) (15 °C, 20 °C) conditions. In total, four QTLs were detected on chromosome 3, 6, and 8. A total of 41 genes were identified from all the four QTLs, among them, 25 genes were selected by gene function annotation and further screened through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Based on gene function annotation and level of expression under low-temperature, our study suggested the OsGPq3 gene as a candidate gene controlling viviparous germination, ABA and GA signaling under low-temperature. This study will provide a theoretical basis for marker-assisted breeding and lay the basis for further mining molecular mechanisms of low-temperature germination tolerance in rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low temperature is a serious threat to the seed emergence of rice, which has become one of the main limiting factors affecting rice production in the world. It is of great significance to find the candidate genes controlling low-temperature tolerance during seed germination and study their functions for breeding new rice cultivars with immense low-temperature tolerance during seed germination. In the current experiment, 120 lines of the Cheongcheong Nagdong Double Haploid (CNDH) population were used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of low-temperature germinability. The results showed a significant difference in germination under low different temperature (LDT) (15 °C, 20 °C) conditions. In total, four QTLs were detected on chromosome 3, 6, and 8. A total of 41 genes were identified from all the four QTLs, among them, 25 genes were selected by gene function annotation and further screened through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Based on gene function annotation and level of expression under low-temperature, our study suggested the OsGPq3 gene as a candidate gene controlling viviparous germination, ABA and GA signaling under low-temperature. This study will provide a theoretical basis for marker-assisted breeding and lay the basis for further mining molecular mechanisms of low-temperature germination tolerance in rice.

Vivipary is not a rare finding in papaya fruit. However, this short communication describes the unusual germination of seedling within intra-ovarian ovary. The seedling is attached at two ends of the immature ovary: by radicle at one end, and by elongated tubular structure at the other end. The tubular structure, probably a hypocotyl, mimics an umbilical cord connecting the growing fetus with that of placenta in human embryonic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We recorded gregarious flowering of three bamboo species viz. Bambusa arundinacea, Bambusa tulda and Melocanna baccifera during rainy season from early March to late May, 2008 at lowland forest of Bajali area of Indo-Burma hotspot region. A regular method of field sampling of various forest types was used to map the bamboo species in Assam, India. Moreover, people's perception on bamboo blooming was investigated at 17 sample plots covering 258 respondents inhabiting at the site at an average of 15 in each plots. A floral clump (inflorescence) emerged and developed into a giant panicle comprising of numerous florets. Two types of seeds viz. bacca and caryopsis were recorded in different species. Viviparous germination was noticed in few bacca seeds produced by M. baccifera and this has unusual occurrence in bamboo. Seed viability test shows that 75% caryopsis seeds were viable; these seeds had the potential of germination and can be used for mass regeneration. Most local respondents believe that bamboo flowering can result in population explosion of rodent, therefore, they think bamboo flowering is positively correlated with famine. This traditional belief results in massive destruction of bamboo clumps, which significantly impacts on rural economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]