Search

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the association between replacement thinking, status threat perceptions, and the endorsement of political violence among non-Hispanic white adults in the United States. It explores how perceived threats to social status can drive support for extreme measures aimed at preserving white hegemony, addressing a gap in research on factors contributing to political violence, a public health concern. METHODS: The 2022 Life in America Survey provided data for this cross-sectional study, focusing on status threat and replacement thinking among non-Hispanic white respondents. Status threat was inferred from relative income, education level, and racial segregation in residential census tracts, while replacement thinking was derived through agreement with the statement in America, native-born white people are being replaced by immigrants. The outcome was the endorsement of political violence. Analysis utilized a survey-weighted robust modified Poisson model. RESULTS: Among 5,976 non-Hispanic white respondents, 18.7 % supported political violence in at least one scenario. A U-shaped relationship was observed between racial segregation and political violence endorsement: respondents from more diverse communities were less likely to support political violence. Those endorsing replacement thinking were 233 %-229 % more likely to endorse political violence than those who did not, dependent on income levels. White respondents without a high school degree were 29 % more likely to endorse political violence. CONCLUSION: The study found a positive association between replacement thinking, markers of status threat, and political violence endorsements among non-Hispanic white Americans. These findings emphasize the need for research and interventions to mitigate these perceptions and prevent political violence.

In the wake of the Australian Royal Commission into Family Violence, the imperative to prevent gendered violence has gained significant attention in policy and research. The National Plan (2022-2032) highlights positive male role modelling as pivotal in addressing problematic gender drivers, promoting healthy masculinitiesand gender equality. However, while male role modelling is widely accepted as crucial for instilling healthy masculinities in boys, its effectiveness lacks empirical evidence. This article presents qualitative study findings derived from nine semi-structured interviews with predominantly male-identifying individuals reflecting on boyhood experiences free from rigid gender norms. We propose that boyhoods free from gender constraints benefit boys by promoting emotional well-being and steering them away from problematic masculine behaviours. Participants emphasised their perceptions of gender were shaped by a blend of prevailing ideas, values, and familial practices, rather than merely mirroring others’ actions. Notably, they underscored the influential role of feminist mothers in shaping understandings of non-normative masculinity practices and embracing pro-feminist beliefs. This challenges the notion that boys’ comprehension of masculinities solely stems from mimicking gender norms and behaviours. Instead, gender evolves through multifaceted social interactions and contexts, where the pivotal contribution of women in nurturing non-normative masculinity practices in boys is often overlooked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pregnancy is often seen as a joyful and fulfilling time for many women. However, a significant number of women in Ethiopia experience intimate partner violence (IPV) during this period. Despite this, there is limited evidence on interventions aimed at preventing violence during pregnancy. The purpose of this trial was to examine the effectiveness of Couple-Based Violence Prevention Education (CBVPE) in reducing IPV during pregnancy in rural Ethiopia. Method: A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted using a two-arm parallel group design. The 16 clusters were randomly allocated into 8 intervention groups and 8 control groups. A total of 432 pregnant women (216 in the intervention group and 216 in the control group) participated in the trial. Couple-based violence prevention education was provided to the participants in the intervention group, while the control group received routine or standard care. We used difference-in-difference analysis and the Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) model to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Result: At the endline, 94.9% of women in the intervention group and 95.3% of women in the control group were available for intention-to-treat analysis. There was a substantial drop in the proportion of any IPV during pregnancy from 39.4% at baseline to 13.0% at endline (p<0.001). Women in the intervention group were 74.1% less likely to report any IPV during pregnancy compared to the control group (AOR = 0.259; 95% CI 0.161–0.417). Specifically, the intervention also reduced psychological, physical, and sexual violence during pregnancy. Conclusion: The study found that CBVPE is effective in reducing IPV during pregnancy in the study setting. Scale-up and adaptation to similar settings are recommended. Trial registration: The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT05856214 on May 4, 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efforts to engage men in gender equality and preventing violence against women, otherwise known as engaging men (EM), are growing world-wide. However, the evidence for such work remains mixed. This article responds to one critique that EM programs in the US rely on didactic instruction, failing to effectively and affectively engage participants. In response, this research draws on interviews with 15 practitioners to examine how the arts can be integrated into EM programming. The findings reveal diverse mediums and ways the arts are being used across EM efforts in the US. The article challenges a one-size-fits-all approach of adding the arts to existing EM programs and advocates for a kaleidoscopic understanding of how practitioners must intentionally integrate the arts whilst being responsive to a diverse range of factors including the program’s purpose, participants readiness for engagement and intersectional identities, and access to resources and expertise. While meaningful challenges and risks remain, the article outlines several potential ways an arts-integrated approach can support more creative, critical, and feminist-informed engagements with masculinities in EM programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) are evidence-informed strategies to promote recovery among victims of violence. Limited tools exist to capture client-reported perspectives of program relevance, responsiveness, acceptability, and impact. We conducted a quality improvement project to develop an HVIP-specific tool that can be used to collect information regarding client satisfaction with services to inform ongoing and future program improvement efforts. Four former adolescent clients and 5 caregivers who received services participated in cognitive interviews to share interpretation of questionnaire items, improvements to response options, comfort responding, and missing topics. Participants demonstrated understanding of survey items and offered alternate wording to improve clarity, reduce redundancy, and clarify response options. Revisions based on participant and staff feedback resulted in a 12-item HVIP Client Satisfaction Questionnaire. Our tool provides an opportunity to collect client-reported perspectives regarding satisfaction and perceived short-term program impact to inform continued improvement activities. This tool could be utilized by HVIPs and other violence prevention programs to engage clients in quality improvement efforts in support of program values to be trauma-informed and client centered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the association between gender equality beliefs and self-reported intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration among California men. Methods: We analyzed men's data (N = 3609) from three waves (2021, 2022, and 2023) of cross-sectional data from a statewide sample of California adults. We assessed gender equality beliefs using a three-item measure adapted from the World Values Survey, with higher scores representing more gender unequal beliefs (e.g., 'On a whole, men make better political leaders than women'). We assessed IPV perpetration in the last year by asking a) whether men committed any form of violence in the last year (physical violence, use or threat of violence with a weapon, sexual violence) and b) among those who reported committing violence, who they committed violence against. Those reporting violence against "a spouse or romantic partner" were categorized as perpetrating past-year IPV. Analyses were weighted to yield population estimates. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models evaluated the association between gender equality beliefs and past-year IPV perpetration. Results: Almost 2% of men–equivalent to more than 280,000 men in California—reported IPV perpetration in the past year [1.9% (95%CI = 1.4–2.5)], and every one-point increase in their gender equality belief scale score [indicative of less gender equitable beliefs] was associated with 2.1 times greater odds of perpetrating past-year IPV (AOR: 2.14, 95%CI 1.61–2.86). Conclusions: Findings support prior research indicating that patriarchal beliefs reinforce men's violence against women in relationships and signal a need for violence prevention efforts focused on boys and men to that can include normative belief shifts related to women's capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental disorders constitute a global public health problem worldwide and occurs in childhood and lasts to adulthood. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between childhood violence exposure and currently diagnosed depression and anxiety in children and adolescents and investigate whether the association differs by sex and age. This cross-sectional study used data from 2017 to 2021 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH). Childhood violence exposure and anxiety or depression of children were reported from caregivers. Logistic regression analyses and subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the association between the childhood violence exposure and anxiety and depression. This study included 113,400 participants aged 6 to 17 years (weighted mean [SD] age, 11.5 [3.4] years; 54,539 females [weighted proportions, 48.9 %]). 9603 of them (weighted proportions, 9.0 %) had childhood violence exposure. Childhood violence exposure was associated with higher risks of anxiety (adjusted risk difference: 7.8 %, 95%CI: 6.3–9.3 %; adjusted OR: 2.11, 95%CI: 1.87–2.39) and depression (adjusted risk difference: 6.2 %, 95%CI: 5.1–7.4 %; adjusted OR: 2.94, 95%CI: 2.54–3.41) after full adjustment. Stratified analyses demonstrated that the association appeared to be stronger in younger children and the association between violence exposure and anxiety was stronger in females than in males. In this cross-sectional study, childhood violence exposure was significantly associated with higher risks of anxiety and depression. The associations appeared to be stronger in younger and female children. Differences in sex and age-specific associations highlight the importance of building age-specific and sex-specific patterns of childhood violence prevention and intervention. • Childhood violence exposure was significantly associated with higher risks of anxiety and depression. • The associations appeared to be stronger in younger and female children. • Age-specific and sex-specific patterns of childhood violence prevention and intervention are essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Communication and collaboration between healthcare, community, and government organizations is key for community violence prevention. This qualitative study aimed to assess Innovation Forum (IF) participant solutions' alignment with recommended strategies, to identify innovative solutions, and to identify the most common participant priorities. Methods: IF were held via teleconference in August 2022 in Indianapolis, Indiana with participants from healthcare organizations, the community, and local government. Forum solutions were documented, coded, and categorized to eight recommended violence prevention strategies from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Institute for Criminal Justice Reform (NICJR). Uncategorized solutions were considered innovative. Solutions were analyzed by descriptive thematic analysis to identify participant priorities. Results: Seventy-seven participants and 11 facilitators participated in 10 IF. Participants generated 162 solutions. Twenty-two solutions were unable to be categorized according to the CDC and NICJR strategies. The most common participant priorities were: 1. Improve collaboration between existing community organizations and dissemination of resources (42, 21.9%), 2. Improve the community's physical and social environment (27, 14.1%), 3. Increase public awareness and media campaigns (26, 13.5%), 4. Promote a nurturing environment and supports for children and youth (26, 13.5%), and 5. Increase employment, vocational skills, and trade programs (19, 9.9%). Conclusions: Innovation forums identified innovative solutions and participant priorities for violence prevention with representatives from healthcare, the community, and government organizations. Most solutions and priorities aligned with national recommendations, reinforcing their relevance at the community level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents lessons learned from the development, adaptation and delivery of ‘It’s Complicated’, a grade 9 school-based teen dating violence prevention programme developed in Ontario, Canada, that addresses equity, diversity and emotional violence. Initially designed as an in-person intervention, the programme underwent adjustments for online and hybrid modalities due to COVID-19. This autoethnographic self-study reflects on implementing the curriculum over 269 workshops reaching 951 students. Delivery challenges and opportunities across three modalities – 180 in-person, 66 hybrid, and 23 online sessions – are examined. In-person facilitation proved advantageous for rapport-building and handling disclosures but posed challenges for anonymous student participation. Online teaching enhanced technological engagement but presented difficulties with privacy and extended time requirements. Hybrid delivery offered accessibility but faced challenges related to technological equity and classroom management. The study underscores the importance of teacher readiness, pedagogical alignment, and recognising the strengths and weaknesses of each modality. Technological equity and access issues were identified as central challenges, emphasising the necessity of optimal conditions for successful online and hybrid facilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Method Results Implications for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity Conclusions School shooting events and lockdowns have increased in the United States, raising concerns about their impact on youth mental health.This study assessed the association between school lockdowns and changes in youth mental health in 10,049 children who participated in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. The exposure was school lockdowns related to violence and shooting incidents, and the outcomes were Child Behavior Checklist scores on five mental health disorders.Approximately 20.3% of children reported ever experiencing a school lockdown with 39.3% of these lockdowns occurring in the past year. Past‐year lockdown exposure (versus no lockdown exposure) was associated with increased symptoms of anxiety disorders (β = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.38), somatic disorders (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.38), and stress problems (β = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.56). Among children who reported a past‐year lockdown, those indicating clinical ranges of ADHD (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.17, 4.25) or stress problems (OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.05, 7.25) had higher odds than their counterparts of reporting that the lockdown had a lot/some impact (versus little/no impact).Emergency preparedness in schools should prioritize mental health support post‐lockdowns.Research and funding are needed to understand the nature, frequency, and consequences of school lockdowns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurately documenting where and when firearms are discharged is a critical first step in gun violence prevention. Many cities rely on police calls for service as their primary source for this information. Recent studies find, however, that citizens underreport gunshots. This has led some communities to invest in gunshot detection technology (GDT) as an alternative data source. GDT remains an expensive and often controversial solution with limited evidence for long-term benefits. This underscores the need for additional research on third-party reporting of gunshots. The current study, conducted in Portland Oregon, surveyed 1,240 residents in 23 neighborhoods with above-average firearm discharges. Analyses confirm that gunshots are vastly underreported. Multivariate logistic regressions found that respondents with higher trust in the police and those worried about gun violence were more likely to call 911 when they heard gunfire. Obstacles to reporting include ambiguity regarding the nature of the sound, diffusion of responsibility, and the perceived hassle of dealing with the local emergency dispatch system. Implications for surveilling gun violence are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Epistemic violence is enacted in medical curricula in mundane ways all the time, negatively impacting learners, teachers and patients. In this article, we address three forms of such violence: White supremacy, indigenous erasure and heteronormativity. Methods: In this article, we examine the knowledge systems of medicine as a global phenomenon, impacted by Western and European ideologies of race and colonisation, both produced by them, helping to reproduce them through authoritative and hegemonic ideologies. We seek not only to problematise but also to propose alternative teaching approaches rooted in the Global South and in Indigenous ways of knowing. Taking inspiration from Paulo Freire, we advocate for the development of critical consciousness through the integration of critical pedagogies of love, emancipation and shared humanity. Drawing on Irihapeti Ramsden, we advocate for cultural safety, which emphasises power relations and historical trauma in the clinical encounter and calls for a rights‐based approach in medical education. Deliberately holding space for our own vulnerabilities and that of our students requires what Megan Boler calls a pedagogy of discomfort. Conclusions and Significance: Our perspectives converge on the importance of critical consciousness development for culturally safe practice in medical education, acknowledging the need to emphasise a curriculum of shared humanity, introducing the concept of Ubuntu from Southern Africa. Ubuntu can be encapsulated in the phrase 'I am because we are', and it promotes a collective approach to medical education in which there is active solidarity between the profession and the diverse populations which it serves. The authors confront the coloniality, systemic racism and Indigenous erasure inherent in medical curricula and propose a way forward through pedagogies of love and shared humanity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Place of last drink (POLD) is a law enforcement strategy designed to decrease the service of alcohol to intoxicated patrons (i.e., overservice). When officers respond to an alcohol-related incident, they inquire about and record the place where the involved individuals last drank alcohol; this information can help identify licensed alcohol establishments that show a pattern of overserving alcohol. We evaluated the effects of a POLD initiative on various types of crime. Methods: The POLD initiative was conducted in the state of Minnesota (USA). We compared 26 intervention jurisdictions to 26 matched comparisons. Outcomes were six crime measures (e.g., driving under the influence, violent, nonviolent). Predictors were levels of participation and implementation of POLD. We fit a separate Poisson regression model for each crime outcome and each predictor. Results: In all models, we found little difference in crime rates between intervention and comparison jurisdictions. No effect on crime was observed for either participation or implementation levels of POLD. However, we found implementation levels were relatively low across jurisdictions. Conclusion: This study adds to a very limited literature addressing the effects of POLD on public health harms such as crime. The particular POLD initiative did not appear to affect crime rates. We found POLD implementation levels showed considerable room for improvement and could help to explain some of the lack of effects of POLD on crime. More research is needed in additional localities and to assess whether specific aspects of implementation could help to strengthen POLD efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although gun violence has become one of the major social issues of the era, economic research on gun control has been severely lacking. The present note examines the proposed sales tax on firearms featured in the Gun Violence Prevention and Community Safety Act of 2020. We apply prior estimates of the price elasticities of supply and demand for firearms to a simple model of ad valorem taxation in order to calculate the tax revenue and sales reduction that could result from the bill's enactment. We find that the proposed legislation would most likely reduce new gun sales by 30% to 44% and generate approximately $1.47 billion to $1.9 billion in federal tax revenue annually to be used for prevention and intervention against gun violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated prevalence of alcohol use and violence, including gender-based violence (GBV); however, little is understood about the pandemic's impact on the relationship between the two. Data were collected from January 2021-April 2023 with adults who drink alcohol (N = 565) in the San Francisco Bay Area. Questions assessed prevalence of heavy alcohol use (≥4 drinks on one occasion ≥4 times a month) in the past 3 months and violence/GBV exposure before and during the pandemic. Logistic regression examined associations between violence and alcohol use. Overall, participants reported heavy alcohol use (73.7%), strong desire for alcohol (53.3%), ever experiencing violence (71.6%), and GBV (20.5%). During the pandemic, participants reported experiencing violence (26.1%), more violence than usual (13.8%), GBV (8.9%), and drinking more alcohol (43.7%). People who experienced violence during the pandemic had significantly greater odds of reporting heavy alcohol use (OR = 1.76, p = 0.05) and drinking more during the pandemic than usual (OR = 2.04, p<0.01). Those who reported experiencing more violence during the pandemic than usual had significantly greater odds of reporting heavy alcohol use (OR = 2.32, p = 0.04) and drinking more during the pandemic (OR = 2.23, p<0.01). People who experienced GBV during the pandemic reported a significantly stronger desire for alcohol (OR = 2.44; p = 0.02) than those not exposed. Alcohol-related harms increased over the COVID-19 pandemic, including increased violence/GBV, alcohol use, and an elevated desire to use alcohol among those who experienced violence during the pandemic. Future pandemic preparedness efforts must prioritize violence prevention strategies and adapt alcohol harm reduction, recovery, and treatment programs to pandemic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article examines the place and role of preventive activity units in the system of the National Police of Ukraine in ensuring public security and law and order, in particular in the context of modern challenges, including armed aggression on the territory of Ukraine. The author analyzes the regulatory framework that regulates the activities of preventive activity units, and also explores the key areas of their work, including prevention of offenses (preventive activity), prevention of crimes and administrative offenses, as well as conducting information and educational work among the population. It is noted that preventive activity units are aimed at timely detection and neutralization of security threats, prevention of offenses through interaction with local communities, as well as active use of criminogenic situation analysis to direct resources to the most problematic areas. Special attention is paid to the interaction of preventive units with the public, other law enforcement and state bodies, local authorities to ensure public order and security, as well as civil society organizations. Such cooperation contributes to the formation of a positive image of the police, strengthening trust from the population and allows for a more effective response to social problems that may cause offenses. Thanks to close cooperation with the public, preventive activity units carry out not only the prevention of criminal and administrative offenses, but also comprehensive work on the prevention of violence, bullying, drug addiction, and also carry out measures aimed at increasing the legal awareness of the population. Aspects of the activities of prevention units in martial law are separately considered, w hen the need for mobility and adaptation to new threats, such as terrorist acts, sabotage, as well as maintaining law and order in combat zones, increases. The article emphasizes the importance of the flexibility of the National Police for effective work in such difficult conditions, in particular during the operation of special legal regimes, and shows how the introduction of innovative work methods can help in adapting to the new security realities in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mental health nurses are often responsible for assessment/management of inpatient aggression. Validated instruments such as the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression (DASA), can aid risk assessment. However, limited attention has been paid to evaluating nurses' ability to administer risk assessment instruments. An entrustable professional activity may offer way of evaluating risk assessment clinical activities. DASA trainers' perceptions of the value and utility of an EPA were explored via collection of data through focus groups, with 17 participants from six countries. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data. Three themes were interpreted: (1) DASA trainers‐a way of knowing and being (2) An EPA‐something you did not know you need until you see it; (3) The DASA‐EPA supports the need for training and importance of integrity in assessment. Trainers engaged in innovative ways to ensure training is suitable and responsive to needs of nurses and their setting. Participants understood how an EPA could be used to evaluate DASA administration, monitor DASA use, provide feedback, and highlight the importance of training to ensure best practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and method: We used data from Domestic Homicide Reviews (DHRs) to describe the patterns of mental health service use by perpetrators of domestic homicide in England and Wales. In 186 DHR reports we compared the characteristics of perpetrators who accessed mental health services with those of perpetrators who did not. Separate analyses were conducted for perpetrators of intimate partner homicide (IPH) and family homicide. Results: Over two-thirds (64.5%, n = 120) of the perpetrators had accessed mental healthcare before the homicide. Perpetrators of IPH who had used mental health services compared with those who had not were more likely to have a history of substance misuse, contact with the criminal justice system and a history of self-harm or suicide attempts. Clinical implications: Our findings support the need for health services, particularly mental health, addictions and primary care, to take an assertive role in the prevention of domestic violence and abuse by identifying patients who are potential perpetrators of domestic violence and abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore workplace sexual harassment (WSH) myth acceptance, bystander discomfort, and beliefs among farmworkers in California, USA, and Michoacán, Mexico. Surveys were conducted with the guidance of community advisory boards among 197 farmworkers (38 men and 59 women in California; 40 men and 60 women in Michoacán). Men and women in Michoacán had similar discomfort and myth acceptance. California women reported more discomfort than men but were similar in myth acceptance. The highest levels of myth acceptance ranged from 66 to 88%. The majority (85–90%) believed that something must be done to prevent WSH in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although male-focused sexual and relationship violence (SRV) prevention programs are widely promulgated, limited guidance concerning how programs should be implemented for rigorous evaluation exists. To help develop evidence for such guidance, this paper reports on 20 interviews with leaders at youth-serving community-based organizations (CBOs) and educational institutions, which are sites for male-focused SRV prevention programs. This study examined: (1) how programs can be designed to engage male participants; and (2) how youth-serving CBOs and educational institutions can partner with researchers for evaluations. Findings underscore the importance of attending to the unique needs of program participants, their parents/guardians, and host organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the aftermath of traumatic events, individuals and groups seek to make sense of these experiences. 'Never again' is often considered the primary lesson of genocide. Yet, people may understand this lesson in different ways, and other lessons may also be relevant. The present paper reports a qualitative content analysis of publicly available testimonies from survivors of the Holocaust, the Rwandan Genocide and the Nanjing Massacre (N = 200), examining the lessons of genocide that these survivors shared publicly. We identified six broad categories of lessons that were represented across contexts and extended the lessons commonly considered: Lessons on the individual and interpersonal level, on the ingroup level, the (inclusive) intergroup level, the universal level, and concerning both collective memories and the future. These lessons go beyond 'never again' and show different individual and societal obligations and insights that survivors sharing their testimony deem most important to learn from their experience of genocide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2020, firearm injuries became the leading cause of death in children and adolescents and have continued to increase despite injury prevention strategies. The information obtained about these injuries is often limited to the demographic and clinical data required for trauma registries, which often lack granularity regarding the circumstances leading to the use of a firearm. The purpose of this study is to analyze admissions for firearm injuries according to intention and social vulnerability to enable the creation of targeted prevention strategies. This is a retrospective cohort study using trauma registry data from a single institution from 2012 to 2022. Patients were stratified by a mechanism into unintentional, intentional, and self-inflicted firearm injuries based on chart review. Demographics were compared between groups and the overall trauma population. Social Vulnerability Index data were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention registry. Of the 13,197 trauma patients admitted from January 2012 to December 2022, 153 were related to firearm injuries (1.2%). Relative to the overall trauma population, patients with firearm injuries were predominantly older (9.7 versus 7.4 y, P < 0.001), male (74% versus 61%, P < 0.001), Black (43% versus 17%, P < 0.001), and insured via Medicaid or another government subsidized program (62% versus 48%, P < 0.001). Injuries were classified as intentional (53%), unintentional (44%), and self-harm (1%). Unintentional injuries more frequently resulted in death (17.6% versus 8.6%), although this difference was not enough to reach the statistical significance. The proportion of intentional injuries increased significantly in the 2020-2022 period relative to previous years (P = 0.032). Vulnerable populations have experienced a disproportionate increase in firearm violence starting in 2020. Unintentional injuries are a significant source of mortality in the pediatric population and represent a vital target for future injury prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual violence is far too common in the U.S. and across the world (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Bystander interventions are one type of intervention that aim to reduce contact sexual violence incidence as well as other problematic features of sexual violence like victim blame. Despite bystander intervention popularity, research has yet to address what people think about bystanders themselves and if people blame them in sexual violence scenarios. Across three sets of studies (N = 887), participants read a simple vignette that explicitly stated a man had raped/sexually assaulted a woman and participants were then asked to allocate blame to the perpetrator, victim, and bystanders. In some studies, bystanders were not explicitly mentioned, and participants had to self‐nominate others who they thought could be responsible. In other studies, possible bystanders were listed by the researchers. Our results replicated across all sets of studies and indicated that people rarely thought to allocate blame to bystanders when they were not explicitly mentioned. When bystanders were explicitly mentioned, participants gave some blame to the bystanders and consequently reduced blame to the perpetrator. Our results have important implications for both legal settings and sexual assault prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Department of Defense (DoD) remains committed to mitigating harmful behaviors that harm personnel and hinder military readiness. DoD's Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office (SAPRO) and the Division of Violence Prevention (DVP) within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established a partnership to build capacity for primary prevention though a wide-ranging training and technical assistance (TTA) system, The Integrated Prevention Technical Assistance Center (IPTAC). The system serves as a support system within the Interactive Systems Framework (ISF). The goal for IPTAC's TTA support is to build capacity for integrated primary prevention and build sustainability for prevention in complex military environments. To assess the effectiveness of IPTAC, the system is evaluated on what TTA is delivered, the skills and knowledge increase in TTA participants, participant satisfaction with TTA received, and participant application or intent for application of skills. Early results are positive; however, these results could be improved partly through ensuring a larger focus on tailoring to military contexts within all TTA activities. This article describes the creation of IPTAC, the role of the ISF in the implementation of TTA, and the evaluation of IPTAC. Implications for TTA delivery in the military and civilian sectors are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The benefits of training and technical assistance (TTA) have been well documented. There is limited literature that explores how complex systems of TTA are implemented and evaluated particularly in the violence prevention field. The Violence Prevention Practice and Translation Branch (VPPTB) within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Division of Violence Prevention funds multiple technical assistance providers who are tasked with building the capacity of program recipients to implement comprehensive approaches to prevent multiple forms of violence. VPPTB designed the Violence Prevention Technical Assistance Center (VPTAC) with the goal of implementing and evaluating comprehensive TTA efforts that integrates the work of multiple TTA providers to build the capacity of recipients to plan, implement, and evaluate violence prevention efforts. The VPTAC evaluation incorporates data from program recipients, TTA providers, and TTA modalities enabling the VPPTB staff to show improvement in technical knowledge, gather examples of enhanced implementation, and facilitate proactive TTA planning. An important step in the process of evaluating VPTAC from a system-level perspective required an expansion beyond evaluating a single TTA event, provider, or engagement. This is essential to understand how a diverse set of TTA activities and partners work together in their efforts to build capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual violence is framed along a continuum that includes (but is not limited to) sexual harassment and sexual assault. While a few studies have evaluated students' predispositions and orientations around engaging in bystander intervention (BI) to prevent sexual assault, little has been done for preventing sexual harassment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate theory-based differences in college students' willingness to engage in BI for preventing either sexual assault or sexual harassment. Students were surveyed at two time points. At T1, intentions, attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) for BI to prevent sexual assault were evaluated, and the same variables were evaluated at T2 for sexual harassment. Independent t -tests evaluated differences between groups. Linear regression analyses were used to evaluate determinants of intentions for BI for both groups. Students' attitudes toward BI/sexual assault were significantly higher than students' attitudes toward BI/sexual harassment (p =.019; d =.22). Conversely, students' PBC toward BI/sexual harassment was significantly higher than students' PBC for BI/sexual assault (p ≤.001; d =.49). Attitudes (p <.001) and PBC (p <.001) explained 45.9% of the variance of intentions for BI/sexual assault, while perceived norms (p <.001) and attitudes (p <.001) explained 28.4% of the variance of intentions for BI/sexual harassment. Sexual violence, encompassing both sexual assault and sexual harassment, is a pervasive issue on college campuses. More attention should be focused on preventing sexual harassment, as it can create a downstream effect. Furthermore, specific BI practices should be investigated to understand which are more effective at preventing sexual harassment and sexual assault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of MaPaChat, a parent support intervention delivered using Viber group chat to caregivers in the Philippines during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Forty caregivers of children aged 4–17 from predominantly low‐income households participated in a culturally adapted version of the Parenting for Lifelong Health ParentChat programme. Feasibility was assessed by enrolment, attendance, and dropout rates. Semi‐structured interviews with caregivers and programme facilitators explored programme acceptability. A single‐group pre‐post design was used to explore changes in child maltreatment, positive parenting, parenting stress, and other secondary outcomes. The mean attendance rate was 82% and the dropout rate was 10%. Caregivers and facilitators found the programme helpful in enhancing parenting knowledge and skills and were satisfied with the programme delivery using Viber group chat but also reported experiencing technological challenges. Pre‐post comparisons suggested that the intervention has potential in reducing physical and emotional abuse and associated risk factors. The findings suggest that a parenting intervention delivered over digital group chat by trained community service providers may be a feasible and acceptable way to support caregivers in low‐resource settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from the relationship between urban planning and mobility management, TeMA has gradually expanded the view of the covered topics, always remaining in the groove of rigorous scientific in-depth analysis. This section of the Journal, Review Notes, is the expression of continuously updating emerging topics concerning relationships between urban planning, mobility, and environment, through a collection of short scientific papers written by young researchers. The Review Notes are made of five parts. Each section examines a specific aspect of the broader information storage within the main interests of TeMA Journal. In particular, the Urban planning literature review section presents recent books and journals on selected topics and issues within the global scientific panorama. For the third issue of TeMA magazine, volume 17th, this section provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and solutions related to creating safe and accessible cities for older people. Various scientific sources and practical resources are used to illustrate effective approaches and innovative strategies. The contribution aims to examine these challenges and proposed solutions in the scientific literature, with a special focus on books, journal articles and reports. In particular, the difficulties related to the walkability of urban spaces will be analysed, with a focus on the perception of safety, not only in terms of the prevention of acts of violence, but also with regard to the safety of the physical conditions of streets and roads, as well as the risks arising from traffic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on men, masculinities, and of men's violences has multiplied recently, as have violence-prevention initiatives, especially in conflict-affected societies. Drawing on my experiences of working on violence prevention as well as of conducting research with men in violence-prone groups in post-conflict Timor-Leste, I reflect on the practical and conceptual challenges of this work. Key concepts from Critical Studies of Men and Masculinities (CSMM) were helpful in part but were challenged by the lived realities and narratives of the men I interviewed. Common conflations of violence and hegemonic masculinity proved less-than straightforward. Perhaps inevitably, this work carried with it an element of epistemic violence, of outside concepts being imposed by a privileged me upon my research subjects through my interpretation of their lives. Given how central engaging with 'violent masculinities' should be to gender-transformative peacebuilding, these challenges speak to broader questions of the possibilities of social change and ethical questions involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholarship on conflict has been slow to recognise masculinities, often failing to address the impact of gender on men and boys. Even when masculinities are recognised in sites of conflict by feminist scholarship, they tend to be framed exclusively in terms of explicit norms around men's use of violence or treatment of women. This has meant that alternative masculinities, which might be more amenable to peace, are often difficult to locate or fraught. Reflecting on conducting interviews on responding to political violence in Indonesia (Aceh and Central Java), this paper interrogates the methodological challenges of researching the diverse range of masculinities that might create pathways for disrupting violence. Three strategies are suggested for 'locating' violence-resistant masculinities while researching conflict ('reading' gender, strong objectivity and in-depth methods) and considering how researchers might avoid misinterpreting these masculinities in problematic ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research elaborates factors that contribute to physical abuse cases at Boarding Schools, which explained with routine activity theory and power relation theory. Besides, this research also evaluates the Minister of Education and Culture Regulation Number 82 Year 2015 On Prevention and Countermeasures of Violence in Education Unit Environment, and Law No. 18 Year 2019 on Boarding schools. Physical abuse cases that occur at Boarding schools are caused by excessive discipline implementation. Therefore, this encourages and motivates senior boarders or boarding caretaker to commit violence. This research uses qualitative method, with a live interview held at a boarding school which experiencing physical abuse cases causing loss of life. Delphi method is also used to deepen the prevention model and generate education expert insights focusing on the educational development of boarding school. This research is unveiling the extraordinary causes of violence and resulting on validated prevention model by education experts in boarding schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The US Campus SaVE Act mandates that higher education institutions receiving federal funds offer sexual assault (SA) and intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention programming to students. Yet, research on effects of campus IPV prevention programs has lagged behind research on campus SA prevention. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of higher-quality research examining effects of campus IPV prevention programs on psychological and physical IPV outcomes. Importantly, our meta-analysis is the first to synthesize research evaluating effects of campus IPV prevention programs on perpetration and victimization. Results: Fourteen studies (N = 3298) met inclusion criteria. Programs had a significant, favorable effect on IPV knowledge, but no significant effect on attitudes, psychological victimization, psychological perpetration, physical victimization, or physical perpetration. Moderator analyses were not possible due to the small number of studies reporting each outcome. Conclusions: It is vital that researchers devote increased attention to evaluating effects of campus IPV prevention programs. Such research should identify moderators of program effects that may be targeted for program improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family violence has left many serious consequences for victims in our society. Recent statistics show that the majority of victims of family violence are girls and women in general. That is the reason why women are one of the subjects that need to be given top priority for protection. Among them, physical, sexual or psychological violence by husbands is one of the most common form of violence against women globally. In Southeast Asia, although the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women has been signed, family violence against women is still very much happening. Family violence not only causes women to lose their health, spirit, and dignity, but also leaves a lasting shadow throughout their lives. This article presents a comparative study on the legal frameworks of Vietnam and Singapore on family violence prevention and control from the perspective of protecting women's rights with the aim of ensuring human rights, social justice and gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simmel's (1950) forms are contrasted to Durkheim's (1938) types to examine cultural offenses to understand conflict between two distinct cultural groups: American Indians and non-Indians. Data from the Southern Ute Indian Community Safety Survey, a U.S.D.O.J.-sponsored2 study of crime and violence, are used to understand cultural crimes in comparison with other crimes. Conflict between the two cultural groups occurs when actions of members of the non-Indian group are contrary to the values of the Indian group. Findings demonstrate the relevance of data collection efforts from small, rural communities may have implications for understanding community violence and improved violence prevention efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the development of an instrument used to evaluate the perceived self-efficacy of school staff in addressing dating violence (DV) among youth. The study employed a mixed exploratory sequential design. First, a series of items was elaborated upon based on the scientific literature on self-efficacy and material from 15 semistructured interviews conducted with school staff. Then, a sample of 110 school staff members answered an online survey. An exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure reflecting dimensions of self-efficacy in addressing DV: communicating DV content to youth (α =.93) and the ability to intervene with youth who experience DV (α =.91). The scale could offer a means to assess the effectiveness of training offered to school counselors and teachers regarding DV prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Violence against health professionals is a growing problem that affects the quality of care provided and the well-being of workers. In the Alentejo region (Southern Portugal), the Regional Health Administration has been developing strategies to prevent and combat this phenomenon, namely, through the implementation of the Action Plan for the Prevention of Violence in the Health Sector. Violence in the health sector includes all situations in which a worker in the Ministry of Health's health institutions is exposed to any type of violence related to their work, putting their safety, well-being or health at risk, or that of others. The aim of this study was to analyze the perceptions and practices of local focal points (e.g.,departments, services, offices or functional units) on violence against health professionals in the Alentejo region. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were carried out local focal points in the Alentejo region. The sampling was selected for convenience from different health units. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed according to the analysis protocol of the IRaMuTeQ software (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires) version 0.7 alpha 2. Results: In total, 43 interviews were conducted between February and April 2024. Interviews revealed that local focal points face various challenges in combating violence against health workers. The lack of specific training, the scarcity of security resources and the culture of underreporting were some of the obstacles identified. However, participants also stressed the importance of teamwork, effective communication and institutional support in dealing with this problem. Conclusions: Violence against health professionals is a worrying reality that requires effective measures to prevent and combat it, requiring a coordinated and multifaceted response. Local focal points play a key role in this process, but they need adequate training, resources and institutional support. Comprehensive and regular training programs on violence, interpersonal communication and conflict management, and investment in security resources, including physical and technological measures, should be implemented in health facilities. Clear protocols should be created for dealing with situations of violence and a culture of reporting situations of violence to health professionals should be promoted, as well as the monitoring of victims by the authorities involved in cases of violence. Ongoing training and the simulation of real-life scenarios are crucial for preparing professionals to effectively manage situations of violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The inclusion of family therapy in residential treatment centers (RTCs) has increased over time. However, there is little data on whether empirically-supported family therapies (ESFTs) are being adopted and if they contribute to treatment effectiveness. This study aimed to test whether Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT), an ESFT integrated into a large residential psychiatric system, would improve perceived attachment insecurity (anxiety and avoidance) and contribute to decreases in depression for adolescents. Method: ABFT was integrated into the clinical program of a large, residential psychiatric system. All family therapists were trained to a level of certification. Improvement was measured by changes in adolescent's perceived attachment to caregivers and reduction in depressive symptoms. The sample included 4786 patients. Attachment insecurity and depressive symptoms were measured at intake, week 3, and week 5. A random-intercept, cross-lagged panel model was used to examine the relationships between attachment and depression over time. Results: The results generally supported hypotheses. Attachment insecurity and depressive symptoms improved over the five weeks of treatment. Improvements in attachment avoidance preceded improvements in depressive symptoms within subjects, over time. Simultaneously, improvements in depressive symptoms preceded those in both dimensions of attachment. Thus, improvement in perceived attachment was associated with a reduction in depressive symptoms. Conclusion: RTCs that can generate improvements in attachment insecurity and depressive symptoms, via ABFT or other ESFTs, might improve treatment outcomes, and ideally, adolescents' successful transition back home to families. More research is needed to disentangle the contribution of ABFT and other treatment elements in a multimodal, residential treatment program. The study supports the call for increased incorporation of families into the RTC treatment process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Female Sex Workers (FSW) in Sub Saharan Africa face multiple challenges increasing their vulnerability to poor health, particularly poor sexual and reproductive (SRH) health outcomes and violence. The aim of this study was to assess the use of gynecology health care services and factors associated with its use as well as experiences of violence among FSW in Togo. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2021 among FSW in two cities of Togo. A snowball sampling method was used and initial seeds were identified in each site in collaboration with FSW non-governmental organizations. A logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with the use of a SRH service and violence. Results: A total of 447 FSW with a median age of 30 [IQR: (24–38)] participated in this study and 43.4% of them had reached at least secondary school. Among them, 29.1% reported having been to a gynecological consultation over the previous year. Factors associated with a gynecological consultation included: living in the Lomé capital city (aOR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.22–0.54), and an experience of condom breakage or slippage (aOR = 2.00; 95%CI 1.19–2.64). The majority reported at least one lifetime pregnancy (87.9%), 39.8% reported ever having an unintended pregnancy and 67.6% of them ever had an abortion. Finally, 61.1% indicated being victims of physical, sexual, or emotional violence in the previous six months. Sex workers living in Lomé (aOR = 1.78; 95%CI 1.16–2.73); a history of abortion (aOR = 1.53; 95%CI 1.03–2.31) and having more than 15 clients per week (aOR = 4.87; 95% CI 1.99–11.94), were more likely to experience violence. Conclusion: There is an under-utilization of health care services among FSW in Togo in addition to overall poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes with a high prevalence of gender-based violence. Those results highlight the importance of continued advocacy for the integration of SRH care with HIV prevention services geared toward FSW as well as a holistic approach to SRH care with innovative ways to prevent violence. Plain Language Summary: Female Sex Workers (FSW) in sub-Saharan Africa face multiple challenges including challenges linked to access to health care services, particularly sexual and reproductive health services and issues related to violence. However, few studies in Togo have explored sexual and reproductive health and violence among FSW. We used a cross-sectional study design to describe the use of sexual and reproductive health services by FSW in Togo and to document their experience of violence. A total of 130 FSW reported a gynecological consultation in the previous year, 42.7% had STI symptoms and 60.7% of them consulted a health care professional for those symptoms. We also found that 179 FSW ever had an unintended pregnancy and among them 67% ever had an abortion. Almost all FSW reported the use of condoms as their main contraception method, however 87.7% of FSW used condoms consistently with their clients. The majority of FSW reported ever being victim of physical, sexual or emotional violence. FSW with a history of abortion, with a high number of clients per week (> 15), and living in the capital city were more likely to have experience of violence. Those results would be helpful as a basis to advocate for a greater access of FSW to SRH services as part of their package of HIV prevention, care and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENTViolence Against Women and Girls has become a focus of sexual violence prevention policy, but how do survivors relate to this framing? This study listened to 13 survivors across 3 focus groups in one UK region. Questions focused on sexual violence terminology, settings and perceptions of safety. Challenges around reporting and policy revisions were discussed. Thematic analysis highlighted a discrepancy between how survivors experience sexual violence and how policy frames it, notably around structural gender inequality drivers and the scope and span of sexual harassment. Participant's solutions focused on prevention through education across institutions, targeting boys and men. Clear evidence of a justice gap was illustrated through lived experience of reporting, many felt their own vulnerability made them both a target and a less credible victim. Survivors outlined what they needed from reporting mechanisms recognising the span of gender-based violence across the landscapes and lifetimes of these survivors.This qualitative study speaks to the accounts of a small group of sexual violence survivors who felt their experiences should be addressed through a wider structural gender inequality lens. They felt prevention through education should focus on males and span institutions. Their experiences of all-encompassing, lower-level harassment should be captured through supportive and compassionate reporting mechanisms but the police need to earn back trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjectiveParticipantsMethodsResultsConclusionsUsing the social-ecological model of violence prevention, we examined the locations in which sexual harassment occurs and whether harassment differed in terms of target, harasser, relationship, and incident characteristics across locations.A total of 246 mostly women, straight, White, and cisgender students at a large Midwestern university.Students completed an online survey and reported information about sexually-harassing experiences from the last seven days.Students reported 821 instances of sexual harassment (M = 3.34 per student) over the past seven days; 74% of students reported any harassment. Using multilevel modeling, characteristics of harassers, incident characteristics, and the relationship between harassers and targets distinguished between harassment experienced across locations (i.e., housing, outside, online, public establishments, and academic buildings) more than did target characteristics.These findings inform harassment prevention efforts at universities by suggesting interventions tailored to specific locations and inform debates about the proper scope of campus sexual harassment policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Children and young people in residential care continue to experience significant harmful sexual behaviour, dating violence and child sexual exploitation. Power to Kids is a programme developed in Australia to prevent and respond to these forms of abuse for this cohort. The aim of the study was to explore how a Communities of Practice initiative could further support the implementation of the Power to Kids programme in the residential care practice of a community service organisation. Qualitative data were collected through feedback loops (n = 12) with residential carers and senior staff and focus groups (n = 4). Quantitative data were collected through two surveys (n = 89) and (n = 46). The data revealed inductively the EMBED model: Executive commitment to Communities of Practice, Members of Communities of Practice engage with content, Becoming part of everyday practice, Enhanced knowledge of sexual health and safety and Decline in going missing and better relationships. Findings suggest that a Community of Practice approach to implementing Power to Kids is promising in embedding the sexual health and safety programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Teenage Couples: Intervention Proposals to Prevent Violence" addresses the issue of violence among teenage couples. It emphasizes the importance of working on the prevention of this violence through educational programs and interventions that involve the educational community and families. Topics such as cultural diversity, cyber violence, and the deconstruction of gender roles are addressed, with the aim of promoting healthy and non-violent relationships among teenagers. [Extracted from the article]

Women experience gender violence more than men, in the digital world as well as offline. To understand and prevent this phenomenon, we must consider the continuum between the virtual and the real world and highlight that cyberviolence and offline violence follow the same patterns. Therefore, to comprehend cyberviolence against women, the present study aimed to examine the feelings and emotions of those who have had direct and indirect experiences with it. The research involved 43 young Italians, aged 20–35 and used a narrative approach with a stimulus composed of six questions. The textual material was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis and four main themes emerged: Emotional experiences of cyberviolence; the amplification of cyberviolence in the offline world; the role of bystanders; and actions to prevent cyberviolence. The results highlighted the importance of approaching cyberviolence against women from a holistic and multidimensional perspective through an ecological approach that integrates different levels of action: collective, organisational, interpersonal and individual. Cyberviolence against women entails interventions that are complex and multi‐focused on all those who inhabit the virtual dimension, as well as the offline dimension, where the consequences of online violence become evident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research suggests that attitudinal inoculation can confer resistance to violent extremist propaganda. The present study aimed to strengthen and extend this rather scant evidence base. First, we conceptually replicated Braddock (2022) and investigated whether attitudinal inoculation reduces intentions to support a violent extremist group (VEG) by eliciting higher levels of anger and counter‐arguing. Advancing the literature, we examined as well if the effect of attitudinal inoculation on violent extremist behavioural intentions lasted for up to 1 week and if message‐relevant emotionally evocative visuals enhanced the influence of inoculation stimuli. We conducted a multi‐phase longitudinal online experiment with two waves (Nwave1 = 498; Nwave2 = 399). Participants read the inoculation treatment (or control message) and were then exposed to the propaganda of a fictional VEG. Outcomes were measured immediately and again after 1 week. Partially supporting Braddock (2022), inoculated participants who were less strongly ideologically aligned with the VEG reported (compared to the control condition) lower violent extremist behavioural intentions. Inoculation had no impact on the behavioural tendencies of individuals who were strongly ideologically aligned with the VEG. Crucially, contesting Braddock (2022), inoculated participants felt less (not more) anger towards the violent extremist group. After 1 week, no direct effect of attitudinal inoculation on violent extremist behavioural intentions but an indirect effect mediated by counter‐arguing was confirmed. The modality of the inoculation stimulus did not moderate its influence. In summary, attitudinal inoculation conferred resistance to violent extremist propaganda for a short period and for individuals who are perhaps less at risk of being persuaded by VEGs. Further research is needed to replicate the exploratory findings and to investigate the role of anger as well as means to boost the long‐term influence of attitudinal inoculation treatments. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In resource‐limited settings in Colombia, there is a lack of safe spaces for youth, with adolescent males being 10 times more susceptible to physical violence than females. Acknowledging the potential of community‐led sports‐based interventions, we examined how community fútbol (a.k.a. soccer or football) coaches in the Caribbean region of Colombia prevent youth violence exposure. By conducting in‐depth qualitative interviews with 13 community coaches, we explore how fútbol, recognised as the world's most popular sport, serves as a space and tool for violence prevention. Our mixed methods study employs qualitative interviews and social network analysis (SNA). The findings reveal that the community's vulnerability, including familial violence and drug use, has detrimental effects on children. Community coaches, positioned as trusted figures, strive to positively influence youth by instilling essential life skills. However, they face challenges such as resource scarcity, limited institutional support and financial difficulties. The coaches express the need to balance adolescents' socioemotional development and the competitive nature of tournaments (olympism). Moreover, a disconnection between community coaches and NGOs utilising Fútbol for Development stems from differing aims. We argue that collaboration between these two groups holds ample opportunities for mutual benefit and enhanced youth impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]