Search

Background: Five distinct forms of violence - Physical, Verbal, Sexual, Cyber, and Relational - persistently afflict sexual minorities worldwide. The presence of feminine attributes in Men who have Sex with Men is inherently linked to a heightened susceptibility to various manifestations of violence, thereby exerting detrimental repercussions on both the physical and mental well-being of these individuals. This correlation stands as a principal contributor to the alarmingly elevated rates of suicide attempts among Men who have Sex with Men, particularly during their early years. Data and Methods: This cross-sectional study investigates the risk factors for violence against Men who have Sex with Men in six metropolitan cities across India. Quantitative data were gathered from 300 self-identified Men who have Sex with Men, with 240 providing only quantitative data, while both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from a subset of 60 respondents, ranging in age from 18 to 70 years. Quantitative analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression to explore the likelihood of different types of violence. Qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews, were analyzed thematically to provide contextual depth and validate the quantitative findings, focusing on specific incidents and key themes associated with violence among Men who have Sex with Men. Results: More than 60 per cent of the respondents encountered at least one type of violence due to their sexuality. More than half of the respondents who engaged in the receptive role during sexual activity reported experiencing sexual violence. The likelihood of encountering verbal violence was found to be nearly six times higher among respondents who were receptive than penetrative sexual partners. Respondents of Muslim religion exhibited a 2.6-fold increase in the likelihood of experiencing sexual violence compared to their Hindu counterparts. Conclusion: Violence against Men who have Sex with Men is a pervasive issue in the six metropolitan cities studied in India, particularly affecting individuals with lower education and low income. These findings resonate with global research, which identifies similar risk factors for violence against sexual minorities, especially in regions with deep-rooted homophobia and socio-economic inequalities. Insights from this study underscore the urgent need for targeted policies and interventions to create a safer, more inclusive environment for this population in India and other parts of the Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Women must seek regular gynecological care for their checkups, childbirth, or gynecological diseases. Given the critical responsibility of obstetricians and gynecologists in safeguarding the health and lives of both mother and baby, this profession is highly sensitive and stressful. Structural factors may complicate the relationship between the doctor and client and lead to gynecological violenceA study in Iran sheds light on the violence between female gynecologists and their clients. Methods: The research is done through semi-structured interviews with clients, residents, and female gynecologists in Iran to examine the lived experiences of both. Results: Based on the WHO's definition of gynecological violence and its categories, verbal, physical, and psychological violence, social discrimination, neglect of care, and failure to maintain client confidentiality were the main themes found in gynecological violence in Iran. Conclusion: The relationship between the gynecologist and the client suffers due to differences in religious and cultural beliefs, as well as the stressful nature of the job. Female gynecologists go through a challenging training course at university and also medical practice, and the significance of maternal mortality contributes to the stressfulness of their job. Working in public hospitals with a high workload and facing conflicts of interest between financial benefits and patient health complicates the relationship between the gynecologist and the client, creating the conditions for violence between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of YouTube has various impacts on its users, especially on teenagers who like to watch live-streaming content of Mobile Legends games on Miya's Top Global channel. This study aims to analyze verbal communication in the live streaming content and identify changes in adolescent behavior after watching. The research method used is qualitative, using data triangulation techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that the Mobile Legends live streaming content on the Top Global Miya channel has a significant impact on adolescents' verbal communication, such as the use of coarse language, increased vocabulary related to the game, and changes in intonation and speaking speed. The discussion highlighted that although there is an improvement in more precise and concise communication skills, there are also negative impacts, such as the use of offensive language and verbal violence. In conclusion, this livestreaming content contributes to the formation of adolescent communication patterns that are not in accordance with social norms, and parental guidance is needed to overcome these negative impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Five distinct forms of violence - Physical, Verbal, Sexual, Cyber, and Relational - persistently afflict sexual minorities worldwide. The presence of feminine attributes in Men who have Sex with Men is inherently linked to a heightened susceptibility to various manifestations of violence, thereby exerting detrimental repercussions on both the physical and mental well-being of these individuals. This correlation stands as a principal contributor to the alarmingly elevated rates of suicide attempts among Men who have Sex with Men, particularly during their early years. Data and Methods This cross-sectional study investigates the risk factors for violence against Men who have Sex with Men in six metropolitan cities across India. Quantitative data were gathered from 300 self-identified Men who have Sex with Men, with 240 providing only quantitative data, while both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from a subset of 60 respondents, ranging in age from 18 to 70 years. Quantitative analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression to explore the likelihood of different types of violence. Qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews, were analyzed thematically to provide contextual depth and validate the quantitative findings, focusing on specific incidents and key themes associated with violence among Men who have Sex with Men. Results More than 60 per cent of the respondents encountered at least one type of violence due to their sexuality. More than half of the respondents who engaged in the receptive role during sexual activity reported experiencing sexual violence. The likelihood of encountering verbal violence was found to be nearly six times higher among respondents who were receptive than penetrative sexual partners. Respondents of Muslim religion exhibited a 2.6-fold increase in the likelihood of experiencing sexual violence compared to their Hindu counterparts. Conclusion Violence against Men who have Sex with Men is a pervasive issue in the six metropolitan cities studied in India, particularly affecting individuals with lower education and low income. These findings resonate with global research, which identifies similar risk factors for violence against sexual minorities, especially in regions with deep-rooted homophobia and socio-economic inequalities. Insights from this study underscore the urgent need for targeted policies and interventions to create a safer, more inclusive environment for this population in India and other parts of the Global South.

Background: This study examines the extent of exposure to verbal violence experienced by people with intellectual disabilities and whether it differs based on their housing situation: living in the community, with family, or in a residential facility. Method: One hundred and eighty‐nine people with intellectual disabilities were interviewed about their experience with verbal violence. Results: Eighty‐six percent reported experiencing verbal violence in their lifetime and approximately 77% experienced it the past week. Participants were most likely to be yelled at, and friends were the most common perpetrators. While there were few differences by setting, people living with their families were more likely to be laughed at and marginally more likely to experience rude comments. Conclusions: Verbal violence is prevalent in the lives of people with intellectual disabilities in Israel. Interventions are necessary to assist people with intellectual disabilities to deal with such incidents, with possible additional supports needed for those living with family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanities Journal of University of Zakho (HJUOZ) is the property of Humanities Journal of University of Zakho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims: This study aimed at examining coach-athlete violence based on the retrospective reports of adults who had been athletes as children and adolescents; predict variables that contribute to the existence of such violence; describe difficulties that the participants encountered as young athletes following such violence; and reveal the outcomes of such violence on their emotions and behaviors, in the past and present. Methodology: The applied mixed methods comprised quantitative self-reporting questionnaires and qualitative interviews. The former included 440 participants (mean age 27.6) who had trained for at least one year in a sports union youth department; the latter included 14 participants (aged 23–37). These competitive athletes came from eight branches of sports. The interviews were analyzed based on the Narrative Approach. Results: According to the quantitative study, all participants had experienced coach violence at least once during their career, mainly psychological violence and neglect, followed by physical violence. Sexual violence was least reported. The age of their retirement from sports and the number of coaches that they had had were significant predictors of violence. Thematic analysis of the qualitative interviews resulted in six types of coach-athlete violence: (1) psychological violence; (2) verbal violence; (3) starvation and food fattening; (4) non-proportional punishing; (5) physical violence; and (6) sexual violence. Conclusions: It is vital that coach-athlete violence is addressed in public discourse, that the topic of young athletes' safety is introduced into coaching education, and that a position holder is nominated to be in charge of such safety in all sports organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal is the property of World Health Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alsun Beni-suef International Journal of Linguistics, Translation & Literature / Mağallaẗ Kulliyyaẗ Alsun Banī Swaīf Al-Dawliyyaẗ Li Luġawīyāt wa Al-Tarğamaẗ wa Al-Adab is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Violence on social media comes in various forms, one of which is verbal, such as rude or hateful comments, threats, or insults. This research will provide an overview of the responses of social media users to the verbal violence they experience in cyberspace. Researchers conducted interviews with five informants aged 19 – 21 years who had experienced violence on social media. Apart from that, researchers also completed the data by conducting interviews with expert informants in media literacy. The research results showed that all informants received indirect types of verbal violence through their social media in the form of teasing and body shaming, both from friends and strangers. Specifically, some informants experienced direct and indirect verbal violence, as well as repressive violence. The responses of the informants in responding to verbal violence were at the attitude and behavior level, including remaining silent because they felt like they were in the minority and did not need to reply, hiding their stories or status on social media from the perpetrator, and even contacting the perpetrator to get an explanation. Expert informants assess that violent behavior that appears in the media is caused, among other things, by the various backgrounds of media users, both in terms of economic education and literacy levels. Many responses or ways can be made in responding to online violence, but according to expert informants, the ideal way is to provide an answer or warning politely. It also aims to educate fellow media users.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to test a model that examines the characteristics of the escalation process among heterosexual couples. It also examined how women's use of verbal and physical violence is associated with a sense of danger in men. Background: The prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) is a critical concern for public health. IPV has serious physical and mental health consequences on the victim. Methods: Participants were 165 women. The first subsample (n = 70, 42.42%) comprised women from the general population, and the second (n = 95, 57.57%) was composed of women living in relationships characterized by high‐intensity conflict (research population). Structural equation modeling was performed to assess the hypothesized model and to test the research hypotheses. Results: Analysis indicates that the use of violence (verbal and/or physical) by one partner was positively correlated to the use of violence by the other partner. The analysis also shows that the woman's use of violence positively affects the man's sense of danger only for couples from the general population. Finally, the man's sense of danger is related to his violence toward the woman. Conclusion: In a high‐conflict relationship, violence is less reciprocal but escalates more easily, whereas in the general population, violence is more reciprocal but more moderate. In addition, emotions are an essential component of marital conflict and influence the development and management of conflict. Emotional components, such as a sense of danger, may be a risk factor in the escalation of conflict to violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recherches en Langue et Littérature Françaises is the property of University of Tabriz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the notion of verbal aggression evident in Zoroastrian prayers. Although one may be surprised that a declaration of Zoroastrian faith, called Fravarānē (Yasna 12), begins with the words “I hate / abhor / am disgusted” instead of “I believe,” cursing (nifrīn kunišn) the demons is a pious religious act.

This research explores the nuanced realm of verbal violence, investigating its manifestations, consequences, and broader societal impact. Inspired by Albanian proverbs like “Words kill more than bullets” and “The tongue has no bones but can break them,” the study employs a multidimensional approach, integrating linguistic, sociological, and psychological perspectives. Analyzing various cultural definitions, the research unveils the complex nature of verbal violence, extending beyond simple exchanges to acts that seek to control, coerce, and inflict emotional pain. Emphasizing the urgent need for awareness, understanding, and mitigation in today’s communication-centric world, the study navigates linguistic landscapes, revealing nuances reflective of the universal struggle to communicate without causing harm. Drawing on works by different authors, the research highlights verbal violence’s multifaceted nature, encompassing acts of force, contempt, and challenges to honesty. The paper concludes by underlining the hidden, yet potent wounds caused by verbal violence, advocating for collective efforts to foster communication promoting understanding, empathy, and positive change.

Background: To assess the frequency, risk factors, consequences, and prevention of violence against healthcare workers in intensive care units. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched for studies on violence against healthcare workers in adult intensive care units. Risk factors, patient characteristics, and implications for healthcare workers were collected. Study quality, bias, and level of evidence were assessed using established tools. Results: Seventy-five studies with 139,533 healthcare workers from 32 countries were included. The overall median frequency of violence was 51% (IQR 37–75%). Up to 97% of healthcare workers experienced verbal violence, and up to 82% were victims of physical violence. Meta-analysis of frequency revealed an average frequency of 31% (95% CI 22–41%) for physical violence, 57% for verbal violence (95% CI 48–66%), and 12% for sexual violence (95% CI 4–23%). Heterogeneity was high according to the I2 statistics. Patients were the most common perpetrators (median 56%), followed by visitors (median 22%). Twenty-two studies reported increased risk ratios of up to 2.3 or odds ratios of up to 22.9 for healthcare workers in the ICU compared to other healthcare workers. Risk factors for experiencing violence included young age, less work experience, and being a nurse. Patients who exhibited violent behavior were often male, older, and physically impaired by drugs. Violence was underreported in up to 80% of cases and associated with higher burnout rates, increased anxiety, and higher turnover intentions. Overall the level of evidence was low. Conclusions: Workplace violence is frequent and underreported in intensive care units, with potential serious consequences for healthcare workers, calling for heightened awareness, screening, and preventive measures. The potential risk factors for violence should be further investigated. Systematic review registration: The protocol for this review was registered with Prospero on January 15, 2023 (ID CRD42023388449). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Violent incidents have become an increasing problem in our hospitals. Many violent incidents cause devastating damage to healthcare personnel. In this study, we aimed to examine the etiological differences between physical and verbal violence in violent incidents seen in hospitals, and especially whether being an emergency service professional has an effect on physical and verbal violence. Materials and Method: Four-year white code case records between 2018 and 2022 in a tertiary hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The type and setting of violence, the gender, and the occupation of the perpetrator were recorded. The cases were divided into two groups: physical violence and verbal violence. The collected data were compared between the groups. Results: During the indicated period, 231 cases of code white were reported. While 51.9% of those affected by violence were men, the mean age was 33 (28-40). Physicians were the most common professional group affected by violence, with 102 individuals (44.2%). The most common site of violence was the emergency service, at 54.5%. The rate of physical violence in the emergency department was found to be higher than verbal violence (63.9%-51.2%), although it was not statistically significant. In cases of physical violence, the proportion of the individual exposed to violence being male was statistically significantly higher than in cases of verbal violence (43/61(70.5%), 77/170(%47) <0,001). The proportion of female perpetrators of verbal violence was statistically significantly higher than that of physical violence (35/170(20.6%), 3/61(4.9%), <0,001). Conclusion: In our study, it was found that those exposed to physical violence were mostly men. It has been determined that women use verbal violence more than physical violence. Physicians were more exposed to verbal violence. In addition, although the propotion of emergency room location in physical violence incidents was higher than in verbal violence incidents, the difference was not found to be statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of compassion for the others' lives in the relationship between the spouses' dark tetrad personality and verbal violence against women. The research design of the study was correlational through structural equations. The population of the research constituted all the clients of the family court of Tabriz in 2022, two hundred persons from them were selected by using the availability sampling as the sample. In the data collection, the researcher-made questionnaire of verbal violence against women, the compassion for the others' lives questionnaire and Johnson and Webster's dark tetrad personality scale were used. The collected data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, Sobel and Bootstrap and through SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the dimensions of the spouses' dark tetrad personality in interaction with the mediating role of compassion for the others' lives play a role in explaining verbal violence against women which in total, 27% of the variance of verbal violence against women is explained through the variables of the model. The direct effect of compassion for the others' lives (0.19), Machiavellianism (0.10), psychopathy (0.24), narcissism (0.23), and spouses' sadism (0.23) are significant in estimating verbal violence against women. The indirect effect of Machiavellianism (t-value = 2.81), psychopathy (t-value = 2.99) and sadism (t-value = 2.98) of spouses with the mediation of compassion for the others' lives on the level of verbal violence against women is significant, but the indirect effect of narcissism is not significant. According to the result of the study, and in order to weaken the negative effects of dark personality in intensifying verbal violence against wives and wife abuse, it is necessary for husbands to be aware of the role of compassion for the others' lives and use it in solving marital, life and children issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the notion of verbal aggression evident in Zoroastrian prayers. Although one may be surprised that a declaration of Zoroastrian faith, called Fravarānē (Yasna 12), begins with the words "I hate / abhor / am disgusted" instead of "I believe," cursing (nifrīn kunišn) the demons is a pious religious act. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's digital society, language and communicative practices play a crucial role in shaping and spreading narrative representations that can potentially lead to forms of violence, whether symbolic or substantial. This contribution investigates the link between language and violence in the virtual realm, with a specific focus on aspects emerging from political communication. Through a critical analysis of online public discourse, it delves into the mechanisms by which the message itself is employed to polarize debates, legitimize hatred, and normalize forms of verbal aggression that may foreshadow physical violence. The work examines how digital platforms, frequently used by political actors, facilitate the proliferation of extremist expressions, contributing to increasing social tensions. Drawing on a multidisciplinary approach, the research focuses on how new digital communication technologies can amplify the power of political leaders to shape public discourse and, in some cases, incite violence through the strategic and manipulative use of language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To define the missed care experiences of nurses exposed to verbal violence from patients. Background: Verbal violence takes the first place among the types of violence that nurses face in healthcare settings. This can cause negative emotional and physical responses in nurses and issues in patient and nurse interaction. As a result, it may lead to missed nursing care, defined as skipped, postponed or incomplete care during the patient's care. Methods: This is a phenomenological study. The study sample included 16 nurses working in inpatient clinics who reported experiencing verbal violence at least once in Turkey. The study was conducted between January and February 2022 with institutional permission and ethics committee approval (09/12/2021‐2021/357). A semi‐structured interview method was used to collect data. The information gathered from the interviews underwent thematic analysis using an inductive approach. The 'Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ)' was used to report this qualitative study based on a comprehensive protocol. Results: The types of verbal violence most frequently faced by nurses were determined as swearing, insulting, shouting and threats. Study findings were classified into three main themes: (i) response to verbal violence, (ii) missed nursing care experiences and (iii) suggestions to cope with verbal violence. The most felt emotions in the face of verbal violence were feeling sad, unsafe and worthless. Nurses common behaviours, in response to verbal abuse were ignoring, getting used to, and wishing to get away. The examples of missed care included using non‐therapeutic communication, postponing care or withdrawing from care. Conclusion: Verbal violence caused negative emotional and behavioural responses in nurses, which, in turn, negatively affected the nurse–patient interaction. These findings mean that verbal violence may pave the way for missed nursing care. Implications for nursing policy: According to these findings, an uninterrupted nursing care process needs to focus on preventive measures against verbal violence and increase the administrative and legal support offered to nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Workplace violence is prevalent in the nursing profession, and as a relatively junior link of the professional hierarchy, nursing students are not immune to it. Among these, verbal violence may have more serious consequences for the victims than physical violence, but the literature on verbal violence among nursing students in Chinese clinical settings is limited. Aims To explore the verbal violence experience among Chinese nursing students in clinical practice, and the strategies used by nursing students to cope with violence. Design A descriptive qualitative study. Methods From January 2022 to June 2022, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 nursing students in clinical practice by purposive snowball sampling. Nvivo12 software and inductive content analysis were used for data analysis. This paper followed the COREQ (Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) guidance. Results Through data analysis, three themes were defined:(1) Multiform verbal violence; (2) Hurting and impacting and (3) Struggling or Coping. The findings indicated that nursing students were subjected to multiple forms of verbal violence in clinical practice, not only from patients and caregivers, but also from peers such as clinical tutors and doctors, which not only harmed students’ personal health and well-being, but may also contribute to the nursing industry’s future loss of human resources. Seeking emotional support from others and forcing themselves to grow up were the most commonly used coping strategies. Conclusion Nursing educators and nursing managers need to pay attention to verbal violence in the clinical environment, and actively develop the ability of nursing students to deal with uncivilized behavior. Establishing relevant courses and training such as communication, resilience, and violence prevention, establishing a stricter clinical mentor appointment system, and teaching assessment system may be strategies to help nursing students better perform clinical practice.

Aims: This study aimed at examining coach-athlete violence based on the retrospective reports of adults who had been athletes as children and adolescents; predict variables that contribute to the existence of such violence; describe difficulties that the participants encountered as young athletes following such violence; and reveal the outcomes of such violence on their emotions and behaviors, in the past and present. Methodology: The applied mixed methods comprised quantitative self-reporting questionnaires and qualitative interviews. The former included 440 participants (mean age 27.6) who had trained for at least one year in a sports union youth department; the latter included 14 participants (aged 23–37). These competitive athletes came from eight branches of sports. The interviews were analyzed based on the Narrative Approach. Results: According to the quantitative study, all participants had experienced coach violence at least once during their career, mainly psychological violence and neglect, followed by physical violence. Sexual violence was least reported. The age of their retirement from sports and the number of coaches that they had had were significant predictors of violence. Thematic analysis of the qualitative interviews resulted in six types of coach-athlete violence: (1) psychological violence; (2) verbal violence; (3) starvation and food fattening; (4) non-proportional punishing; (5) physical violence; and (6) sexual violence. Conclusions: It is vital that coach-athlete violence is addressed in public discourse, that the topic of young athletes’ safety is introduced into coaching education, and that a position holder is nominated to be in charge of such safety in all sports organizations.

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) perpetrated against health professionals is a major problem in health sector. It affects health and performance of workers. The aims of this study were: 1) to assess WPV facing nurses in the northern region of Morocco and 2) to identify the related factors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the northern region of Morocco from October to December 2021. In total, 391 volunteer nurses working in 13 hospitals were enrolled. A self-reported questionnaire, ‘Violent Incident Form’ (VIF), was distributed to the participants. It assesses verbal and physical violence. Results: We obtained 98% response rate and 97% of the respondent nurses faced at least one WPV episode the last year. Verbal violence is the most common type of violence. Significant factors as age of the victims (c2 = 15.34; p = 0.038) and the assaulters (c2 = 27.66; p

Immigrants are exposed to a variety of stressors, such as ethnic discrimination, and therefore experience a higher risk of developing adverse health outcomes. However, the role of potentially protective psychological factors is not well-studied. The present study addresses the question how discrimination and institutional verbal violence (IVV)11 VV = verbal violence; IVV = institutional verbal violence are associated with chronic stress in an immigrant sample. In addition, this study highlights moderating effects of migration-specific variables (first or second migration generation and citizenship status).Participants (n = 232; 69.4 % female) completed an online-survey, which included demographics, questionnaires (Everyday Discrimination Scale, EDS; Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-4; Resilience Scale, RS-11; Self-Compassion Scale, SCS-SF) as well as a self-developed questionnaire on institutional verbal violence. Only participants living in Germany with migration background (self or one parent migrated to Germany) were included.Results showed that perceived discrimination and institutional verbal violence were highly associated with chronic stress. Further, self-compassion buffered the connection between discrimination and stress, whereas resilience was no protective factor. The inclusion of migration-specific variables showed that the second-generation sub-group experienced less discrimination-related stress and self-compassion was shown to be particularly protective within this sub-group. Citizenship status did not appear to be a moderator, but especially persons with temporary or permanent residence status, compared to German/EU-citizens, reported higher values of verbal violence and discrimination-related stress.These findings highlight the importance of considering not only psychological but also structural and societal protective and risk factors, as they may be differentially associated with immigrants’ stress perceptions. Implications for future research and practical implementations are presented.

Background: Workplace violence is prevalent in the nursing profession, and as a relatively junior link of the professional hierarchy, nursing students are not immune to it. Among these, verbal violence may have more serious consequences for the victims than physical violence, but the literature on verbal violence among nursing students in Chinese clinical settings is limited. Aims: To explore the verbal violence experience among Chinese nursing students in clinical practice, and the strategies used by nursing students to cope with violence. Design: A descriptive qualitative study. Methods: From January 2022 to June 2022, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 nursing students in clinical practice by purposive snowball sampling. Nvivo12 software and inductive content analysis were used for data analysis. This paper followed the COREQ (Consolidated criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research) guidance. Results: Through data analysis, three themes were defined:(1) Multiform verbal violence; (2) Hurting and impacting and (3) Struggling or Coping. The findings indicated that nursing students were subjected to multiple forms of verbal violence in clinical practice, not only from patients and caregivers, but also from peers such as clinical tutors and doctors, which not only harmed students' personal health and well-being, but may also contribute to the nursing industry's future loss of human resources. Seeking emotional support from others and forcing themselves to grow up were the most commonly used coping strategies. Conclusion: Nursing educators and nursing managers need to pay attention to verbal violence in the clinical environment, and actively develop the ability of nursing students to deal with uncivilized behavior. Establishing relevant courses and training such as communication, resilience, and violence prevention, establishing a stricter clinical mentor appointment system, and teaching assessment system may be strategies to help nursing students better perform clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Workplace violence is a serious threat to healthcare workers worldwide. Aim: We aimed to determine the prevalence of physical and verbal violence against healthcare workers in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region and Türkiye. Methods: We searched the Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases along with reference lists from selected articles. Studies of health workers exposed to verbal and/or physical violence by patients or their relatives conducted in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region and Türkiye among staff working in hospitals and primary health care services were included. Seventy-five of the 3513 articles identified of studies conducted during 1999-2021 were eligible. The data were analysed using MetaXL version 5.3 and STATA version 16. Results: This study covered 69 024 healthcare workers from 22 countries. Meta-analysis showed that 63.0% (95% CI: 46.7- 79.2) of them had experienced verbal violence and 17.0% (95.0% CI: 14.0-21.0) experienced physical violence. There was no significant difference for sample size, professional group, quality score, or response rate. The frequency of physical and verbal violence in the subgroup analysis was statistically significantly different for countries and years. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide useful information for policymaking regarding interventions to prevent or minimize violence against healthcare workers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Türkiye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Violence against people is a widespread phenomenon and violence against people with disabilities even more common. Studies have examined different types of violence toward people with disabilities, but there has been almost no research to date on verbal violence involving people with intellectual or development disabilities (IDD). The present research focused on this subject. A qualitative study was conducted using an intervention program. The research questions were (a) what can help people with IDD expand their understanding of verbal violence and differentiate different situations of verbal violence and (b) what can help people with IDD expand their means for handling verbal violence of their own and that directed toward them? The sample included 64 people (45 males, 19 females; ages 22–75) with mild IDD, who were divided into four groups of 16 participants each in the intervention program. The findings indicate that the participants' conceptualization of verbal violence improved after the intervention program. Three main themes were identified: (a) differentiation between good and bad; (b) choosing how to handle verbal violence; and (c) helping others cope with verbal violence. Consistent with the humanistic perspective, the findings show that people with IDD can learn to handle verbal violence toward them in a way that promotes their understanding, enables them to choose their reactions, and affects those around them, as well as strengthening their self-efficacy. The research contributes to the sparse knowledge regarding verbal violence, especially against people with IDD, and offers ways of intervening to help them handle verbal violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pamukkale University Journal of Education is the property of Pamukkale University Journal of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background & aim: In recent years, violence against women has been an important problem in developing and developed countries; In such a way that the World Health Organization has declared domestic violence as a public health epidemic. Violence against women is a complex social phenomenon with psychological, physical, and moral damage. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence and its related factors in married women aged 18-49 years in Yasuj, Iran. Methods: The present cross-sectional (descriptive-analytic) study was conducted by simple random sampling, with 384 married women aged 18-49 years with a minimum of one-year marriage were enrolled from four urban health centers. Data were collected using demographic and domestic violence (33 questions in physical, verbal, emotional and financial aspects) questionnaires. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 23 software using descriptive and analytic (logistic regression) statistics. Results: The mean age of women was 29.32 ± 5.89 years, the mean age of marriage was 21.55 ± 4.20 years. The mean age and marriage age of the husbands were 33.92 ± 6.62 and 26.47 ±4.28 years, respectively. About 90 women had experienced domestic violence during their lifetime. The most common types of violence were verbal (80), emotional (73), financial (48) and physical (22), respectively. The most common form of verbal violence was yelling (29) and verbal arguments (21). The most common form of emotional violence was the husband's interference in the relationship between the wife and her family members (18), the husband's dominance and the expectation of the wife's obedience (17). The most common form of financial violence was reluctantly paying alimony to the wife (12) and also the husband making financial decisions without asking the wife’s opinion (10). The most common form of physical violence was pushing (11.5), slapping (9) and throwing objects (9). According to logistic regression analysis, husband's age at marriage was the only predictive factor of domestic violence against women (Exp β =0/925, CI0/95 Expβ=0/86-0/99, Sig= 0/0025). Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of domestic violence against women, especially verbal and emotional violence, teaching life skills, especially communication skills in marital life, is necessary in premarital counseling.

Aim: To identify the mediating and moderating roles of depressive symptoms in the relationship between workplace violence and nurses' turnover intention in South Korea. Background: Workplace violence and depressive symptoms are known to influence turnover intentionsof employees. Introduction: Among healthcare workers, nurses may be at the greatest risk of exposure to workplace violence because they have frequent contact with patients and families of patients. Depressive symptoms reported to be related to workplace violence are one set of factors affecting turnover intention. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was designed and employed to investigate mediation and moderation roles of depressive symptoms between workplace violence and turnover intention. Results: Verbal violence and sexual harassment increased depressive symptoms, which in turn increased turnover intentions in a sample of Korean nurses. Depressive symptoms showed partial mediation effects between verbal violence and sexual harassment and turnover intention. Depressive symptoms showed moderating effects on sexual harassment and turnover intention. Discussion: It is necessary to reduce turnover intention not only by preventing violence but also by managing depressive symptoms in nurses who have experienced verbal violence and sexual harassment. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms were shown to have a mediating and moderation roles on the relationship between WPV and turnover intention. Implications for nursing and health policy: Hospital managers such as hospital and nursing directors should provide effective policies to prevent verbal violence and sexual harassment to reduce turnover intention in the workplace. It is needed to educate patients and patient caregivers about the importance of preventing violence against nurses. Policies should be established to provide regular check‐ups for depressive symptoms and psychological support for nurses who have experienced WPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Adolescent dating violence (ADV) continues to be a health concern. Most previous research has examined physical and or sexual ADV with little attention to verbal violence. Methods: Drawing on the social‐ecological framework, the current study examined the moderating influence of school adult connectedness on experiences of verbal only, physical and/or sexual violence (combination ADV), and mental health outcomes among 11th graders (n = 31,459) in one Midwestern state. Results: Overall, 24.0% and 28.8% of adolescents met thresholds for depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Rates of mental health symptoms were higher among adolescents reporting ADV compared to those who did not report experience of ADV. In logistic regressions, higher level of school adult connectedness was associated with lower odds of depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. In moderation analyses, school adult connectedness was protective for mental health outcomes regardless of ADV experience. Conclusion: Adolescent dating violence—including verbal violence alone—can be traumatic for young people. Schools can leverage the protective nature of school adult connection to promote mental health for all students, including adolescents who have experienced ADV. Incorporating trauma‐informed education practice of providing unconditional positive regard toward adolescents might be 1‐way schools can support adolescents in cultivating healthy relationships and well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first dedicated study on how verbal violence is strategically and instrumentally used in social movements. Its primary objective is to contribute to the emerging debate on protest violence. Its secondary objective is to enrich the interdisciplinary field of swearing research by identifying ‘political swearing.’ Based on data on Hong Kong’s Anti-Extradition Movement, I identify four major instrumental uses of political swearing: attacking enemies of the movement, mobilization and politicization, identity-building, and ‘personal political emotion work.’ I find that political swearing can directly hurt people and indirectly do so by initiating violent enchainment processes. I also find that political verbal violence yields instrumental utility for social movements. This study’s data include in-depth interviews with 30 informants, documentary and video data, and participant observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Wortfolge. Szyk Słów is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Slaskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper aims to investigate the ambiguous relationship between language and violence in the Italian novel I Promessi Sposi (The Betrothed), by Alessandro Manzoni. In particular, it analyzes the intertwining of force, power and words, to show how actual physical strength (or sheer threat of violence) conditions dialogue and excludes the possibility of a verbal solution to any difference of opinion. On the other hand, it explores the power of words in shaping the world through persuasion (or manipulation). The observations emerging from the analysis of the examples are discussed in the light of Manzoni’s language ideology, which emphasizes the risks of deception and violence through language, exerted by the powerful to the detriment of the poor and uneducated. A barrier to this linguistic abuse can be found in Manzoni’s project to renew the Italian language, promoting a common and accessible variety to be used across regions and social classes for the sake of effective communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research in Educational & Human Sciences Arts & Languages is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Global studies on adolescent victims of violence require serious attention due to the possibility that underreported cases may be higher than official records indicate. Since Indonesia expects to witness a demographic bonus, extensive research is needed to strengthen early detection, case handling, and prevention. Here, we report the outcomes of a survey on physical, verbal, and sexual violence experienced by adolescents in West Java, an Indonesian province inhabited by 18% of the country’s total population. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2017 using the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool for Children (ICAST-C) questionnaire for detecting child abuse; an expert panel translated, simplified, and validated it based on a theoretical framework that combines paediatrics, public health, and medicolegal perspectives. We aimed to cover a large sample size and explore three types of violence (physical, verbal, and sexual) that have high evidentiary value in the forensic context. The respondents were adolescents in the first and second grades of middle school (12 to 14 years old) and high school (15 to 17 years old) in seven cities/municipalities in the province, selected through several stages of simple random sampling (N = 3452). We analysed the samples through univariate (percentage), odds ratio (OR), comparison, correlation, and correspondence analyses. Results The results showed that 78.7% of the adolescents experienced violence in 2017, comprising those who encountered at least one incidence of physical violence (43.1%), verbal violence (12.2%), and sexual violence (4.5%). Data overlap includes 14.3% who experienced one type of violence in 2017, 7.4% who experienced two forms of violence, and 1.4% who underwent all three kinds of violence. The offenders were mainly adolescents across all types of violence, except for being forced to engage in sexual intercourse. Several victims of sexual violence did not state who the offenders were. Further, several characteristics showed a higher chance of experiencing violence than other characteristics, especially for adolescents who were still in middle school and those who lived only with their mothers. Correspondence analysis suggested subtle differences between characteristics. Conclusion We expect this study to help identify risk and protective factors that are essential to strengthening early detection efforts, decisive medicolegal examinations, case handling, and policy-making.

Our contribution addresses the notions of politeness, impoliteness and rising tensions in verbal violence during various human interactions: including those between teachers and students, on social networks, in the training of young migrants or during interactions involving people suffering from what is now called “mental illness” (Foucault 1972). We propose a joint work aimed at answering the following questions: is impoliteness systematically antithetical to interactional cooperation and therefore a factor in the crystallization of verbal tension? And is it always the same according to the interactional contexts? We will redefine what is meant by politeness and impoliteness in order to position ourselves within the field of interactional studies, ranging from politeness to impoliteness in a context of (potentially) increasing verbal tension (Eelen 2001; Watts 2003; Mills 2009; Locher and Watts 2005; Locher 2006; Bousfield 2008; Bousfield and Locher 2008; Archer 2017). Through the analysis of different corpora, we wish to explore interactional impoliteness according to its specific forms and according to the various issues it can invoke. This will lead us to question the role of impoliteness in the continuum: does it necessarily generate the crystallization of a tension or does it also, depending on the context, contribute to the de-escalation of verbal tension?Drawing on Goffman’s theory on “face-work” or the figurative processes (1973ab, 1974) aimed at sparing the individual blushes in a verbal interaction, Brown and Levinson (1978, 1987) distinguished between positive politeness (protecting and sparing subjective representations, assuaging the narcissistic dimension of the personality) and negative politeness (protecting and sparing one’s territorial integrity from a bodily, material, spatial, temporal, cognitive or affective perspective). Alongside these notions and their potential threats (by resorting to Face Threatening Acts theory), we shall refer to the non-threatening Face Flattering Acts theory which consist in reporting acts that flatter or enhance faces (Kerbrat-Orecchioni 1992). A nuance is brought to this field of analysis by Leech (1983) who distinguishes between positive politeness which is essentially productionist (“maximizing the politeness of polite illocution”) and negative politeness which is compensatory or abstentionist (minimizing or avoiding face threat using certain strategies). Finally, whatever the choice made, in most interactional situations, linguistic politeness (Lakoff 1973; Brown and Levinson 1978, 1987; Culpeper et al. 2003; Culpeper 2008; Kerbrat-Orecchioni 1992; Bousfield 2008) appears to be the key to social bond (Guéguen, 2008). It then becomes a linguistic tool (linguistic and/or discursive) that furthers interactional cooperation and participates in easing tension (Howard 1990), hence sparing face and de-escalating verbal tension. Impoliteness is, on the contrary, usually described as stirring up tension by being perceived as potentially face threatening even face-attacking. However, authors such as Fracchiolla and Romain (2015, 2016, 2020) distinguish two forms of impoliteness, with positive impoliteness being favorable to cooperation, while negative impoliteness is not. Likewise, Bousfield (2008) showed how some interactions follow a principle of non-cooperation; Watts (2003) showed how a statement can be neither polite nor impolite. To go further, we may consider the distinctions made by Kerbrat-Orecchioni (2010, 2005) between apoliteness, hyperpoliteness, polirudeness, impoliteness and politeness. Research from 2000 onwards reflects an increasing interest in the description of impoliteness, alongside politeness, foremost among them, the works of Culpeper (1996, 2005) and Bousfield (2008). The description conducted by these authors departs from the ones based on the theory of speech Acts (Austin 1962, Searle 1969) and from those more focused on politeness (Lakoff 1973; Brown and Levinson 1978, 1987; Kerbrat-Orecchioni 1992, 2005). It makes use of the notion of context and undertakes discourse analysis, including a pragmatic approach (Culpeper et al. 2003; Culpeper 2008; Bousfield 2008). Therefore, politeness and impoliteness are both studied as dynamic factors in increasing verbal tension. This tension was first described in the context of synchronous verbal interactions responding to different forms of verbal tension which are not mutually exclusive (Moïse and al. 2008; Fracchiolla and al. 2013): either a meteoric rise in tension, or a rise in polemical or diverted tension. Then, research carried out in didactic interactions that drew up a specific classification through different forms of verbal tension in class (Romain and Rey, 2014, 2016, 2017). Five forms were described and were grouped into two sets: one promoting a positive outcome to the tension and the other promoting a negative outcome or even an interactional rupture. In order to answer this question, we adopt a globalizing point of view taking into account the multimodality of the interaction through the following contexts. They will each give rise to a study of different forms of politeness and impoliteness in contexts of increasing verbal tension: - didactic interactions in elementary and secondary schools’ classrooms from which an analysis of the different possible forms of politeness and impoliteness in the regulation of the rise in verbal tension will be conducted. - online interactions where the figures of troll and trolling will be studied through the analysis of discussion threads, illustrating a rise in verbal tension (on Facebook for example), thus questioning the place of politeness and impoliteness on social networks. - language training for adult migrants will allow the opportunity to question the complexity of the phenomenon of verbal violence and to combine it with complementary phenomena favoring the search for solutions. From the analysis of interactions observed between learners and trainers, as well as from interviews and meetings with language training professionals, the complexity of the phenomenon of verbal violence will be questioned. This approach will consist of thinking about how to make professionals aware of the diversity of forms of verbal violence and of these manifestations. - everyday interactions involving people suffering from what is nowadays called “mental illness” (Foucault 1972). The analysis of those interactions will allow us to reflect on the role of politeness (and impoliteness) in the construction of ”stigmatizing discourses” (Toutée 2018). This will allow the study of different forms of politeness and impoliteness as factors in epistemic and testimonial injustices (Fricker 2007).

BackgroundWorkplace violence (WPV) against medical staff has been an important public health and societal problem worldwide. Although numerous studies have implied the differences between physical violence (PV) and verbal violence (VV) against medical staff, few studies were conducted to analyze the different associations between work-related variables, PV, and VV, especially in China.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese medical staff in public hospitals, and 3,426 medical staff were interviewed and analyzed. WPV, including PV and VV, were evaluated by the self-report of the medical staff. Work-related variables, physical disease, depression, and social-demographic variables were also measured. The work-related variables included types of medical staff, professional titles, hospital levels, managers, working years, job changing, working hours/week, night duty times/week, monthly income, self-reported working environment, and social position. Logistic regressions were conducted to examine the factors associated with PV and VV.ResultsA total of 489 medical staff (23.0%) reported the experience of PV and 1,744 (50.9%) reported the experience of VV. Several work-related variables were associated with PV and VV, including nurse (OR = 0.56 for PV, p < 0.01; OR = 0.76 for VV, p < 0.05), manager (OR = 1.86 for PV, p < 0.01; OR = 1.56 for VV, p < 0.001), night duty frequency/week (OR = 1.06 for PV, p < 0.01; OR = 1.03 for VV, p < 0.01), bad working environment (OR = 2.73 for PV, p < 0.001; OR = 3.52 for VV, p < 0.001), averaged working environment (OR = 1.51 for PV, p < 0.05; OR = 1.55 for VV, p < 0.001), and bad social position (OR = 4.21 for PV, p < 0.001; OR = 3.32 for VV, p < 0.001). Working years (OR = 1.02, p < 0.05), job changing (OR = 1.33, p < 0.05), and L2 income level (OR = 1.33, p < 0.01) were positively associated with VV, but the associations were not supported for PV (all p>0.05). The other associated factors were male gender (OR = 1.97 for PV, p < 0.001; OR = 1.28 for VV, p < 0.05) and depression (OR = 1.05 for PV, p < 0.001; OR = 1.04 for VV, p < 0.001).ConclusionBoth PV and VV were positively associated with work-related variables, such as doctor, manager, more night duty frequency, perceived bad working environment, or social position. Some variables were only associated with VV, such as working years, job changing, and monthly income. Some special strategies for the work-related variables should be applied for controlling PV and VV.

This article is devoted to the socially relevant and highly current topic of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on language, as exemplified by German. The empirical basis is provided by news reports in German, especially from Austrian mass media. We explore the new vocabulary (including pejoratives) as well as the role of language in the crisis period, especially with regard to its expressive and emotive functions. In this context, we propose that verbal aggression, alongside its destructive functions (insulting, offending, humiliating), also fulfills a spectrum of positive functions. We present functions that the use of aggressive speech increasingly fulfills in this time of crisis, as well as new conflict situations and new target groups. The presence of emotive-expressive lexis became visible in COVID-19 discourse from the first days of the COVID-19 pandemic, because beyond the need to identify a new state of affairs, language activates its expressive and creative potential in times of crisis. This paper surveys the role of emotive-expressive lexis and verbal aggression in the new everyday life under Covid. The empirical material has been analyzed using the following methodological approaches: lexical- semantic, descriptive, and contextual analyses. The main goal of the paper is to explore the role of language in dealing with the pandemic and in shaping the new corona-related reality. Other goals and research tasks accompany this main objective: – Recording of corona neologisms, their functions and word formation models; – Exploring the role and functions of verbal aggression and emotive-expressive lexis in the pandemic period; – Exploring creative linguistic potentials (occasionalisms (nonce words), phraseologisms, parallel formations, puns) and verbalization of uncertainty or anxiety using humor.

Background: Considering the normalisation of moderate aggression within organisations and the concern of violent occurrences being under-reported in India, violence reflected through coercive language appears to be more frequent than explicit acts of organisational violence. Aim: To bring-forth consolidated evidence on the prevalence of violent communication within Indian organisations. Method: 1433 articles obtained from four major databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google scholar), complemented by 4 records identified through manual searching, were screened according to the PRISMA guidelines. Thirty-four finalised cross-sectional studies (published since 2000) reporting significant findings on the prevalence of violent communication within Indian organisations, underwent a systematic review (by narrative synthesis) and meta-analysis (using the random-effects model in STATA version 17). Results: The pooled prevalence of any type of violent communication was 41%. The prevalence of violent communication was higher among males than females (44% vs 28%). Verbal violence was more prevalent than non-verbal violence (36% vs 20%). Subgroup analysis proved prevalence estimate to remain consistent irrespective of the organisational sector, type of organisation, sample size and publication year. However, meta-regression analysis confirmed the sampling method and type of violent communication as potential variables influencing the prevalence rates reported across the studies. All the identified factors influencing the occurrence of violent communication and the corresponding detrimental consequences faced by victims within each organisational sector, endeavour scope for the development of more context-specific prevention strategies. Conclusion: As evident from the results, the prevalence of any type of violent communication within Indian organisations is quite high. The present review informs Indian entrepreneurs about the necessity for advocating practices to protect their human resources from the experience of violent communication. Practical implications have been presented for healthcare and educational organisations.

The crime rates in Mexico have been increasing in recent years; every day, there are reports on social media and in the news where assaults and verbal aggression by criminals can be seen. Public transportation units suffer from violence that authorities have not been able to reduce despite their efforts. This is why we have developed a fuzzy logic model that can adapt to almost any scenario thanks to the dynamism that we have implemented in each of its stages. We have obtained promising results that we believe will be of great help to the authorities for detecting the exact moment in which verbal aggression that is typical of a violent assault is happening in real time. This is a tool to help the authorities, not a substitution; we are simply making use of the latest technologies that are available to us. The goal of this paper is to provide a novel method for Mexican authorities in Mexico City in order to help the actual surveillance systems make faster decisions about whether violent assaults are happening or not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To test a model examining the impact of verbal violence against new nurses on their turnover intention and the mediating effects of emotional reaction and burnout based on affective events theory. Background: In Korea, turnover rate of nurses, especially new nurses, is at a serious level. It is important to verify the paths by which nurses reach a turnover intention after experiencing verbal violence, which is the most common form of workplace violence. In particular, research on new nurses who are vulnerable to exposure to verbal violence and have a high turnover rate is insufficient. Methods: Data were collected using time‐lagged online surveys from 212 Korean new nurses. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesized model. Results: The level of the turnover intention of new nurses was almost 4 out of 5. Verbal violence not only has a direct effect on turnover intention but also has an indirect effect through burnout. Emotional reactions and burnout sequentially mediated the relationship between verbal violence and turnover intention; these variables explained approximately 57% of turnover intention. Conclusions: To decrease negative emotional reactions and burnout caused by verbal violence may benefit to reduction of turnover intention of new nurses. Implications for Nursing Management: Our finding highlight the critical need for new nurses' violence interventions that focus on emotional reactions and burnout, and thereby improving desirable patient–co‐worker–nurse relationships and quality of life for new nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]