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8. De interviewer, hulp of hindernis?

Author

van der Zouwen, J., Bronner, A.E., Dekker, P., de Leeuw, E., Paas, L.J., de Ruyter, K., Smidts, A., Wieringa, J.W., Methods and Techniques, and Data Qualities

Published
2006

23. The effect of the question topic on interviewer behavior; an interaction analysis of control activities of interviewers

Author

van der Zouwen, J., Smit, J.H., Draisma, A.R., van der Zouwen, J., Smit, J.H., and Draisma, A.R.

Abstract

In a standardized personal interview, elderly (65+) Dutch respondents (N = 233), were asked detailed retrospective questions about six physical activities like walking, cycling and their performance of household tasks. Surprisingly, the proportion of inadequate answers was small, suggesting that the interviewers-four professional research nurses-have done their very best to eventually obtain adequate answers. They used three different types of control of the interview process. Firstly, an optimal execution of the prescribed 'open loop control', that is, precisely following the text of the questionnaire. Secondly, via the 'feedback loop control' of repair: if nevertheless inadequate answers are given, further probing is performed until eventually an adequate answer is obtained. Thirdly, by decomposing a general question into its components, making the question easier to answer (partial questioning). Interaction analysis of transcripts of the interviews showed that the type of control exercised by the interviewers, strongly differed by topic of the question. It appeared that question topics requiring more complex cognitive activities of the respondents, not only lead to more (need for) repair, but also to larger differences between the interviewers concerning their readiness to use partial questioning as an alternative for the open loop control as designed by the researcher. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.

Published
2010
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27. Effective repairs in survey interviews

Author

van der Zouwen, J., Smit, J.H., van der Zouwen, J., and Smit, J.H.

Abstract

In standardized survey interviews with closed-ended questions it quite often occurs that respondents do something else than mentioning their choice from the set of response categories presented together with the question. In these cases their initial response is inadequate and interviewers have to initiate repair activities. By analyzing 804 question-answer sequences, stemming from parts of a survey with elderly people (N=201), we found that 322 (41%) of the initial responses were inadequate. In 74% of these 332 sequences the interviewers made an attempt at repair. Of all repair attempts, 75% were performed correctly, that is, in a nondirective way. Most of the repair attempts (86%) result in an adequate final response of the respondent. The result of the repair activities by the interviewers is that the number of sequences with an adequate response increased from 472 to 688, thus an increase of about 45%. There does not exist 'one best way' of repairing. The most important thing is that some repair initiative has to be taken by the interviewer and that the repair is done in a nondirective way. © Springer 2006.

Published
2006
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35. Book reviews

Author

Pearce, D. W., primary, Bisset, R., additional, Simmons, I. G., additional, van der Zouwen, J., additional, Brett‐Crowther, M. R., additional, Penning‐Rowsell, E. C., additional, James, G. V., additional, Browne, R. C., additional, Edwards, Harry, additional, Thomas, M. Pugh, additional, Combe, P. Brimble, additional, O'Sullivan, P. E., additional, Norman, J. Nelson, additional, and Schoental, R., additional

Published
1981
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