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7. 40 Carotis

Author

van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Gooszen, H.G., editor, Blankensteijn, J.D., editor, Borel Rinkes, I.H.M., editor, Dejong, C.H.C., editor, Gouma, D.J., editor, Heineman, E., editor, Lange, J.F., editor, and Schipper, I.B., editor

Published
2012
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15. Cost Effectiveness of Endovascular Revascularisation vs. Exercise Therapy for Intermittent Claudication Due to Iliac Artery Obstruction

Author

van Reijen, Nick S., primary, van Dieren, Susan, additional, Frans, Franceline A., additional, Reekers, Jim A., additional, Metz, Roderik, additional, Buscher, Hessel C.J.L., additional, Koelemay, Mark J.W., additional, Legemate, D.A., additional, Idu, M.M., additional, Balm, R., additional, Reekers, J.A., additional, van Lienden, K.P., additional, van Delden, O.M., additional, Zijlstra, E.J., additional, Conijn, A.P., additional, Dijkgraaf, M.G.W., additional, Engelbert, R.H., additional, De Nie, A.J., additional, Schreve, M.A., additional, Kropman, R.H.J., additional, Wille, J., additional, De Vries, J.P.M., additional, van de Pavoort, H.D.W.M., additional, van de Mortel, R.H.W., additional, van den Heuvel, D.A.F., additional, van Strijen, M.J.L., additional, van Leersum, M., additional, Vos, J.A., additional, Nio, D., additional, Rijbroek, A., additional, Vermeulen, E.G.J., additional, Akkersdijk, G.J.M., additional, van de Elst, A., additional, Truijers, M., additional, van Kelckhoven, B.J., additional, Leijdekkers, V.J., additional, Vahl, A.C., additional, Blomjous, J.G.A.M., additional, Poyck, P.P.C., additional, Van der Vliet, J.A., additional, van der Jagt, M., additional, Klemm, P.L., additional, Willems, M.C.M., additional, Huisman, L.C., additional, Lensvelt, M.M.A., additional, de Bruine, H., additional, Mallant, M.P.J.H., additional, Smeets, L., additional, van Sterkenburg, S.M.M., additional, Veendrick, P.B., additional, van Werkum, M.H., additional, Elsman, B.H.P., additional, van der Hem, L.G., additional, van Tongeren, R.B.M., additional, Klok, C.F.M., additional, Hellings, W.E., additional, Wiersema, A.M., additional, van den Broek, T.A.A., additional, Vos, G.A., additional, Teijink, J.A.W., additional, van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., additional, Keller, B.P.J.A., additional, Glade, G.J., additional, Breek, J.C., additional, Gravendeel, J., additional, Oosterhof-Berktas, R., additional, Koedam, N.A., additional, Hollander, E.J.F., additional, Scharn, D.M., additional, Lemson, M.S., additional, Seegers, J., additional, Krol, R.M., additional, Blankensteijn, J.D., additional, and Hoksbergen, A.W.J., additional

Published
2022
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18. Treatment Outcome Trends for Non-Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study

Author

Alberga, Anna J., primary, Karthaus, Eleonora G., additional, Wilschut, Janneke A., additional, de Bruin, Jorg L., additional, Akkersdijk, George P., additional, Geelkerken, Robert H., additional, Hamming, Jaap F., additional, Wever, Jan J., additional, Verhagen, Hence J.M., additional, van den Akker, P.J., additional, Akkersdijk, G.P., additional, Akkersdijk, W.L., additional, van Andringa de Kempenaer, M.G., additional, Arts, C.H.P., additional, Avontuur, A.M., additional, Bakker, O.J., additional, Balm, R., additional, Barendregt, W.B., additional, Bekken, J.A., additional, Bender, M.H.M., additional, Bendermacher, B.L.W., additional, van den Berg, M., additional, Beuk, R.J., additional, Blankensteijn, J.D., additional, Bode, A.S., additional, Bodegom, M.E., additional, van der Bogt, K.E.A., additional, Boll, A.P.M., additional, Booster, M.H., additional, Borger van der Burg, B.L.S., additional, de Borst, G.J., additional, Bos-van Rossum, W.T.G.J., additional, Bosma, J., additional, Botman, J.M.J., additional, Bouwman, L.H., additional, Brehm, V., additional, de Bruijn, M.T., additional, de Bruin, J.L., additional, Brummel, P., additional, van Brussel, J.P., additional, Buijk, S.E., additional, Buimer, M.G., additional, Buscher, H.C.J.L., additional, Cancrinus, E., additional, Castenmiller, P.H., additional, Cazander, G., additional, Cuypers, P.h.W.M., additional, Daemen, J.H.C., additional, Dawson, I., additional, Dierikx, J.E., additional, Dijkstra, M.L., additional, Diks, J., additional, Dinkelman, M.K., additional, Dirven, M., additional, Dolmans, D.E.J.G.J., additional, van Dortmont, L.M.C., additional, Drouven, J.W., additional, van der Eb, M.M., additional, Eefting, D., additional, van Eijck, G.J.W.M., additional, Elshof, J.W.M., additional, Elsman, B.H.P., additional, van der Elst, A., additional, van Engeland, M.I.A., additional, van Eps, G.S., additional, Faber, M.J., additional, de Fijter, W.M., additional, Fioole, B., additional, Fritschy, W.M., additional, Jin, P.H.P.F.K., additional, Geelkerken, R.H., additional, van Gent, W.B., additional, Glade, G.J., additional, Govaert, B., additional, Groenendijk, R.P.R., additional, de Groot, H.G.W., additional, van den Haak, R.F.F., additional, de Haan, E.F.A., additional, Hajer, G.F., additional, Hamming, J.F., additional, van Hattum, E.S., additional, Hazenberg, C.E.V.B., additional, Hedeman Joosten, P.P.h.A., additional, Helleman, J.N., additional, van der Hem, L.G., additional, Hendriks, J.M., additional, van Herwaarden, J.A., additional, Heyligers, J.M.M., additional, Hinnen, J.W., additional, Hissink, R.J., additional, Ho, G.H., additional, den Hoed, P.T., additional, Hoedt, M.T.C., additional, van Hoek, F., additional, Hoencamp, R., additional, Hoffmann, W.H., additional, Hoksbergen, A.W.J., additional, Hollander, E.J.F., additional, Huisman, L.C., additional, Hulsebos, R.G., additional, Huntjens, K.M.B., additional, Idu, M.M., additional, Jacobs, M.J.H.M., additional, van der Jagt, M.F.P., additional, Jansbeken, J.R.H., additional, Janssen, R.J.L., additional, Jiang, H.H.L., additional, de Jong, S.C., additional, Jongbloed-Winkel, T.A., additional, Jongkind, V., additional, Kapma, M.R., additional, Keller, B.P.J.A., additional, Jahrome, A.K., additional, Kievit, J.K., additional, Klemm, P.L., additional, Klinkert jr, P., additional, Koedam, N.A., additional, Koelemaij, M.J.W., additional, Kolkert, J.L.P., additional, Koning, G.G., additional, Koning, O.H.J., additional, Konings, R., additional, Krasznai, A.G., additional, Kropman, R.H.J., additional, Kruse, R.R., additional, van der Laan, L., additional, van der Laan, M.J., additional, van Laanen, J.H.H., additional, van Lammeren, G.W., additional, Lamprou, D.A.A., additional, Lardenoije, J.H.P., additional, Lauret, G.J., additional, Leenders, B.J.M., additional, Legemate, D.A., additional, Leijdekkers, V.J., additional, Lemson, M.S., additional, Lensvelt, M.M.A., additional, Lijkwan, M.A., additional, van der Linden, F.T.h.P.M., additional, Lung, P.F. Liqui, additional, Loos, M.J.A., additional, Loubert, M.C., additional, van de Luijtgaarden, K.M., additional, Mahmoud, D.E.A.K., additional, Manshanden, C.G., additional, Mattens, E.C.J.L., additional, Meerwaldt, R., additional, Mees, B.M.E., additional, Menting, T.P., additional, Metz, R., additional, de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., additional, Molegraaf, M.J., additional, Montauban van Swijndregt, Y.C.A., additional, Morak, M.J.M., additional, van de Mortel, R.H.W., additional, Mulder, W., additional, Nagesser, S.K., additional, Naves, C.C.L.M., additional, Nederhoed, J.H., additional, Nevenzel, A.M., additional, de Nie, A.J., additional, Nieuwenhuis, D.H., additional, van Nieuwenhuizen, R.C., additional, Nieuwenhuizen, J., additional, Nio, D., additional, Oomen, A.P.A., additional, Oranen, B.I., additional, Oskam, J., additional, Palamba, H.W., additional, Peppelenbosch, A.G., additional, van Petersen, A.S., additional, Petri, B.J., additional, Pierie, M.E.N., additional, Ploeg, A.J., additional, Pol, R.A., additional, Ponfoort, E.D., additional, Poyck, P.P.C., additional, Prent, A., additional, Raa, S. ten, additional, Raymakers, J.T.F.J., additional, Reichmann, B.L., additional, Reijnen, M.M.P.J., additional, de Ridder, J.A.M., additional, Rijbroek, A., additional, van Rijn, M.J.E., additional, de Roo, R.A., additional, Rouwet, E.V., additional, Saleem, B.R., additional, van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., additional, Samyn, M.G., additional, van ’t Sant, H.P., additional, van Schaik, J., additional, van Schaik, P.M., additional, Scharn, D.M., additional, Scheltinga, M.R.M., additional, Schepers, A., additional, Schlejen, P.M., additional, Schlösser, F.J.V., additional, Schol, F.P.G., additional, Scholtes, V.P.W., additional, Schouten, O., additional, Schreve, M.A., additional, Schurink, G.W.H., additional, Sikkink, C.J.J.M., additional, Slaa, A. te, additional, Smeets, H.J., additional, Smeets, L., additional, Smeets, R.R., additional, de Smet, A.A.E.A., additional, Smit, P.C., additional, Smits, T.M., additional, Snoeijs, M.G.J., additional, Sondakh, A.O., additional, Speijers, M.J., additional, van der Steenhoven, T.J., additional, van Sterkenburg, S.M.M., additional, Stigter, D.A.A., additional, Stokmans, R.A., additional, Strating, R.P., additional, Stultiëns, G.N.M., additional, Sybrandy, J.E.M., additional, Teijink, J.A.W., additional, Telgenkamp, B.J., additional, Testroote, M.J.G., additional, Tha-In, T., additional, The, R.M., additional, Thijsse, W.J., additional, Thomassen, I., additional, Tielliu, I.F.J., additional, van Tongeren, R.B.M., additional, Toorop, R.J., additional, Tournoij, E., additional, Truijers, M., additional, Türkcan, K., additional, Tutein Nolthenius, R.P., additional, Ünlü, C., additional, Vaes, R.H.D., additional, Vahl, A.C., additional, Veen, E.J., additional, Veger, H.T.C., additional, Veldman, M.G., additional, Verhagen, H.J.M., additional, Verhoeven, B.A.N., additional, Vermeulen, C.F.W., additional, Vermeulen, E.G.J., additional, Vierhout, B.P., additional, van der Vijver-Coppen, R.J., additional, Visser, M.J.T., additional, van der Vliet, J.A., additional, van Vlijmen - van Keulen, C.J., additional, van der Vorst, J.R., additional, Vos, A.W.F., additional, Vos, C.G., additional, Vos, G.A., additional, de Vos, B., additional, Voûte, M.T., additional, Vriens, B.H.R., additional, Vriens, P.W.H.E., additional, de Vries, D.K., additional, de Vries, J.P.P.M., additional, de Vries, M., additional, de Vries, A.C., additional, van der Waal, C., additional, Waasdorp, E.J., additional, Wallis de Vries, B.M., additional, van Walraven, L.A., additional, van Wanroi, J.L., additional, Warlé, M.C., additional, van Weel, V., additional, van Well, A.M.E., additional, Welten, G.M.J.M., additional, Wever, J.J., additional, Wiersema, A.M., additional, Wikkeling, O.R.M., additional, Willaert, W.I.M., additional, Wille, J., additional, Willems, M.C.M., additional, Willigendael, E.M., additional, Wilschut, E.D., additional, Wisselink, W., additional, Witte, M.E., additional, Wittens, C.H.A., additional, Wong, C.Y., additional, Yazar, O., additional, Yeung, K.K., additional, Zeebregts, C.J.A.M., additional, and van Zeeland, M.L.P., additional

Published
2022
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19. Contributors

Author

Alloisio, Marta, Armour, Chlöe H., Avril, Stéphane, Bertoglio, Cristóbal, Clarin, Maria Thea Rane Dela Cruz, De Backer, Julie, Defraigne, Jean-Olivier, Deplano, Valérie, Elefteriades, John A., Famaey, N., Filipovic, Nenad, Fuchs, Laszlo, Fumagalli, Ivan, Garreau, Morgane, Gasser, T. Christian, Gee, Michael W., Guivier-Curien, Carine, Hemmler, André, Holzapfel, Gerhard A., Humphrey, J.D., Hustinx, Roland, Kailash, Keshav, Khang, Alex, Lane, Brooks, Liang, Liang, Liu, Minliang, Lopata, R.G.P., Maas, E.J., Marsden, Alison L., Mendez, Simon, Miller, Christopher, Molimard, Jérôme, Mortier, P., Mosquera, Laura Muiño, Mousavi, S. Jamaleddin, Musumeci, Lucia, Nicoud, Franck, Nolte, David, Parker, Louis P., Pegolotti, Luca, Pfaller, Martin R., Pham, Jonathan, Pirola, Selene, Polzer, Stanislav, Prahl Wittberg, Lisa, Reeps, Christian, Rocatello, G., Roy, Joy, Rubio, Natalia L., Sacks, Michael S., Sakalihasan, Natzi, Salmasi, M. Yousuf, Santamaría, Víctor Acosta, Segers, P., Sheikh, Md Al Amin, Sherifova, Selda, Sigaeva, Taisiya, Sun, Wei, Tarakanova, Anna, Thirugnanasambandam, M., van Disseldorp, E.M.J., van Ooij, Pim, van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Vergara, Christian, Wagenseil, Jessica E., Wang, Ruizhi, Xu, Xiao Yun, Yanagisawa, Hiromi, Yang, Chengeng, and Zhang, Yanhang

Published
2024
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21. Association of Hospital Volume with Perioperative Mortality of Endovascular Repair of Complex Aortic Aneurysms

Author

Alberga, Anna J., von Meijenfeldt, Gerdine C.I., Rastogi, Vinamr, de Bruin, Jorg L., Wever, Jan J., van Herwaarden, Joost A., Hamming, Jaap F., Hazenberg, Constantijn E.V.B., van Schaik, Jan, Mees, Barend M.E., van der Laan, Maarten J., Zeebregts, Clark J., Schurink, Geert W.H., Verhagen, Hence J.M., van den Akker, PJ., Akkersdijk, G.P., Akkersdijk, W.L., van Andringa de Kempenaer, M.G., Arts, C.H.P., Avontuur, A.M., Bakker, O.J., Balm, R., Barendregt, W.B., Bekken, J.A., Bender, M.H.M., Bendermacher, B.L.W., van den Berg, M., Beuk, R.J., Blankensteijn, ., Bodegom, M.E., Bogt, van der, Boll, A.P.M., Booster, M.H., Burg, Borger van der, de Borst, G.J., Rossum, Bos-van, Bosma, J., Botman, J.M.J., Bouwman, L.H., Brehm, V., de Bruijn, M.T., de Bruin, J.L., Brummel, P., Brussel, van, Buijk, S.E., Buimer, M.G., Buscher, Cancrinus, E., Castenmiller, P.H., Cazander, G., Cuypers, Ph.W.M., Daemen, J.H.C., Dawson, I., Dierikx, J.E., Dijkstra, M.L., Diks, J., Dinkelman, M.K., Dirven, M., Dolmans, D.E.J.G.J., van Dortmont, L.M.C., Drouven, J.W., van der Eb, M.M., Eefting, D., Eijck, van, Elshof, J.W.M., Elsman, A.H.P., van der Elst, A., van Engeland, M.I.A., van Eps, G.S., Faber, M.J., de Fijter, W.M., Fioole, B., Fritschy, W.M., Fung Kon Jin, P.H.P., Geelkerken, R.H., van Gent, W.B., Glade, G.J., Govaert, B., Groenendijk, R.P.R., de Groot, H.G.W., van den Haak, R.F.F., de Haan, E.F.A., Hajer, G.F., Hamming, J.F., van Hattum, E.S., Hazenberg, C.E.VB., Hedeman Joosten, P.Ph.A., Helleman, J.N., van der Hem, L.G., Hendriks, J.M., van Herwaarden, J.A., Heyligers, J.M.M., Hinnen, J.W., Hissink, R.J., Ho, G.H., den Hoed, P.T., Hoedt, M.T.C., van Hoek, F., Hoencamp, R., Hoffmann, W.H., Hoksbergen, A.W.J., Hollander, E.J.F., Huisman, L.C., Hulsebos, R.G., Huntjens, K.M.B., Idu, M.M., Jacobs, M.J.H.M., van der Jagt, M.F.P., Jansbeken, J.R.H., Janssen, R.J.L., Jiang, H.H.L., de Jong, S.C., Jongbloed-Winkel, T.A., Jongkind, V., Kapma, M.R., Keller, B.PJ.A., Jahrome, A. Khodadade, Kievit, J.K., Klemm, P.L., Klinkert, Koedam, N.A., Koelemaij, M.J.W., Kolkert, J.L.P., Koning, G.G., Koning, O.H.J., Konings, R., Krasznai, A.G., Kropman, R.H.J., Kruse, R.R., van der Laan, L., van der Laan, M.J., van Laanen, J.H.H., van Lammeren, G.W., Lamprou, D.A.A., Lardenoije, J.H.P., Lauret, G.J., Leenders, B.J.M., Legemate, Leij- dekkers, V.J., Lemson, M.S., Lensvelt, M.M.A., Lijkwan, M.A., van der Linden, F.Th.P.M., Lung, P.F. Liqui, Loos, M.J.A., Loubert, M.C., Luijtgaarden, van de, Mahmoud, D.E.A.K., Manshanden, C.G., Mat- tens, E.C.J.L., Meerwaldt, R., Mees, B.M.E., Menting, T.P., Metz, R., de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., Molegraaf, M.J., Montauban van Swijn- dregt, Y.C.A., Morak, M.J.M., van de Mortel, R.H.W., Mulder, W., Nagesser, S.K., Naves, C.C.L.M., Nederhoed, J.H., Nevenzel, A.M., de Nie, A.J., Nieuwenhuis, D.H., van Nieuwenhuizen, R.C., Nieuwenhui- zen, J., Nio, D., Oomen, A.P.A., Oranen, B.I., Oskam, J., Palamba, H.W., Peppelenbosch, A.G., van Petersen, A.S., Petri, ., Pierie, M.E.N., Ploeg, A.J., Pol, R.A., Ponfoort, E.D., Poyck, P.P.C., Prent, A., ten Raa, S., Raymakers, J.T.F.J., Reichmann, B.L., Reijnen, M.M.P.J., de Ridder, J.A.M., Rijbroek, A., van Rijn, M.J.E., de Roo, R.A., Rouwet, E.V., Saleem, B.R., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Samyn, M.G., van’t Sant, H.P., van Schaik, J., van Schaik, PM., Scharn, ., Scheltinga, M.R.M., Schepers, A., Schlejen, P.M., Schlösser, F.J. V., Schol, F.P.G., Scholtes, V.P.W, Schouten, O., Schreve, M.A., Schurink, G.W.H., Sikkink, C.J.J.M., te Slaa, A., Smeets, H.J., Smeets, L., Smeets, R.R., de Smet, A.A.E.A., Smit, PC., Smits, T.M., Snoeijs, M.G.J., Sondakh, A.O., Speijers, M.J., van der Steenhoven, T.J., van Sterkenburg, S.M.M., Stigter, D.A.A., Stokmans, R.A., Strating, R.P, Stultiëns, G.N.M., Sybrandy, J.E.M., Teijink, J.A.W., Telgenkamp, ., Testroote, M.J.G., Tha-In, T., The, R.M., Thijsse, W.J., Thomassen, I., Tielliu, I.F.J., van Tongeren, R.B.M., Toorop, R.J., Tournoij, E., Truijers, M., Türkcan, K., Nolthenius, R.P. Tutein, Ünlü, C., Vaes, R.H.D., Vahl, A.C., Veen, E.J., Veger, H.T.C., Veldman, M.G., Verhagen, H.J.M., Verhoeven, B.A.N., Vermeulen, C.F.W., Vermeulen, E.G.J., Vierhout, B.P., Coppen, van der Vijver-, Visser, M.J.T., van der Vliet, J.A., van Vlijmen-van Keulen, C.J., van der Vorst, J.R., Vos, A.W.F., Vos, C.G., Vos, G.A., de Vos, B., Voûte, M.T., Vriens, B.H.R., Vriens, P.W.H.E., de Vries, D.K., de Vries, J.P.P.M., de Vries, M., de Vries, A.C., van der Waal, C., Waasdorp, E.J., Wallis de Vries, ., van Walraven, L.A., van Wanroi, J.L., Warlé, M.C., van Weel, V, van Well, A.M.E., Welten, G.M.J.M., Wever, J.J., Wiersema, A.M., Wikkeling, O.R.M., Willaert, W.I.M., Wille, J., Willems, M.C.M., Willigendael, E.M., Wilschut, E.D., Wisselink, W., Witte, M.E., Wittens, C.H.A., Wong, C.Y., Yazar, O., Yeung, K.K., Zeebregts, C.J.A.M., and van Zeeland, M.L.P.

Published
2023
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23. Same Admission Hybrid Treatment of Primary Upper Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis with Thrombolysis, Transaxillary Thoracic Outlet Decompression, and Immediate Endovascular Evaluation

Author

Pesser, N., Pesser, N., Bode, A., Goeteyn, J., Hendriks, J., van Nuenen, B.F.L., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Teijink, J.A.W., Pesser, N., Pesser, N., Bode, A., Goeteyn, J., Hendriks, J., van Nuenen, B.F.L., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., and Teijink, J.A.W.

Abstract

Background: Multiple algorithms exist for treating acute primary upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (pUEDVT) caused by venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS). In this case series, we present the results of our dedicated same admission treatment algorithm.Methods: All patients between January 2015 and December 2019 with an established acute upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (symptoms <14 days) caused by VTOS were treated according to an algorithm consisting of same admission thrombolysis, transaxillary thoracic outlet decompression (TA-TOD) with extensive venolysis, and venography. If a residual stenosis of the subclavian vein was identified on venography, including by means of low-pressure diagnostic balloon inflation, correction by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was performed. The thoracic outlet syndrome disability scale, the Dutch language version of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand, and the VEINES-quality of life (VEINES-QOL/VEINES-symptoms) questionnaires were collected during follow-up.Results: In total, 10 patients were treated for acute pUEDVT. After successful thrombolysis (100%) and TA-TOD, immediate venography showed residual stenosis of the subclavian vein in 8 of 10 patients (80%). Low-pressure dilatation of a balloon suited to the geometry of the axillosubclavian vein showed significant tapering in all cases (10/10) after which a formal venous PTA was performed. No stents were used. Mean time to discharge was 6.4 days. All patients were free of symptoms at a mean follow-up period of 34.4 months. Eight of the 10 patients completed follow-up questionnaires and reported a mean thoracic outlet syndrome disability scale of 0.6, mean disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score of 4.2, and a median VEINES-Symptoms of 55.23 (IQR, 12.13), and VEINES-QOL of 55.29 (IQR, 15.42).Conclusions: A same admission treatment algorithm for acute pUEDVT in patients with VTOS including thrombolysis, TA-TOD with extensive venolysi

Published
2021

24. Surgical management of post-thrombotic syndrome in chronic venous thoracic outlet syndrome

Author

Pesser, N., Pesser, N., Bode, A., Goeteyn, J., Hendriks, J., van Nuenen, B.F.L., Illig, K.A., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Teijink, J.A.W., Pesser, N., Pesser, N., Bode, A., Goeteyn, J., Hendriks, J., van Nuenen, B.F.L., Illig, K.A., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., and Teijink, J.A.W.

Abstract

Objective: Venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS) is considered chronic when symptoms and venous stenosis or occlusion are present for >3 months after the initial primary upper extremity deep vein thrombosis event. Many of patients with chronic VTOS receive conservative treatment. However, a subset of these patients will have persistent post-thrombotic syndrome symptoms because of underlying causative anatomy. We present the results of a same admission treatment consisting of' transaxillary thoracic outlet decompression (TA-TOD), external venolysis, and, if necessary, treatment of residual intraluminal lesions with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for chronic VTOS.Methods: All patients presenting from January 2015 to December 2019 with chronic VTOS and post-thrombotic syndrome complaints were evaluated. Patients with some degree of patency on venography or a chronic occlusion that could be recanalized using PTA preoperatively underwent TA-TOD, external venolysis, and immediate venography. Low-pressure diagnostic balloon inflation after first rib resection was used to identify residual lesions not evident by venography. If found, PTA was performed. Stent placement was reserved for patients with recurrent complaints due to residual lesions that had not been effectively treated by PTA.Results: A total of 40 patients with chronic VTOS were evaluated, of whom 36 were included and treated according to the protocol. The remaining four patients had had a chronic occlusion that could not be recanalized preoperatively and these patients were, therefore, excluded. After TA-TOD, immediate venography showed patent vessels with residual stenosis in 31 patients. Of the five patients who had appeared to have no significant stenosis on venography, two showed narrowing with diagnostic balloon inflation of the subclavian vein, for a total of 33 patients (92%) with residual stenosis after TA-TOD. All 33 patients underwent formal venous PTA. Complications

Published
2021

26. Predictors of Acute and Persisting Ischemic Brain Lesions in Patients Randomized to Carotid Stenting or Endarterectomy

Author

Rostamzadeh, Ayda, Zumbrunn, Thomas, Jongen, Lisa M., Nederkoorn, Paul J., Macdonald, Sumaira, Lyrer, Philippe A., Kappelle, L. Jaap, Mali, Willem P. Th. M., Brown, Martin M., van der Worp, H. Bart, Engelter, Stefan T., Bonati, Leo H., de Borst, G.J., de Kort, G.A.P., Jongen, L.M., Kappelle, L.J., Lo, T.H., Mali, W.P.Th.M., Moll, F.L., van der Worp, H.B., Bonati, L.H., Engelter, S.T., Fluri, F., Haller, S., Jacob, A.L., Kirsch, E., Lyrer, P.A., Radue, E.-W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetzel, S.G., Flach, H.Z., Hendriks, J.M., Koudstaal, P.J., Pattynama, P.M.T., van Dijk, L.C., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., van der Lugt, A., van Urk, H., Verhagen, H.J.M., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, A.K., Dorman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Macdonald, S., Mendelow, D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Koelemaij, M.J.W., Majoie, C.B.L.M., Nederkoorn, P.J., Reekers, J.A.A., Roos, Y.B.W.E.M., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Brown, M.M., Jäger, H.R., Kitchen, N., Beard, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Gaines, P.A., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., and Venables, G.

Published
2014
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29. Investigation on the effect of spatial compounding on photoacoustic images of carotid plaques in the in vivo available rotational range

Author

Arabul, M.U., Heres, H.M., Rutten, M.C.M., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., van de Vosse, F.N., Lopata, R.G.P., Cardiovascular Biomechanics, and Eindhoven MedTech Innovation Center

Subjects
Signal to noise ratio, ultrasound, Swine, Phantoms, Imaging, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods, carotid plaques, Acoustics, Phantoms, spatial compounding, ultrasound (US), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), Photoacoustic Techniques/methods, Frequency control, In vivo, cardiovascular system, Humans, Animals, Probes, Plaque, Atherosclerotic/diagnostic imaging, Carotid Stenosis, Photoacoustic imaging, Carotid Arteries/diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography
Abstract

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a promising imaging modality due to its high optical specificity. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of in vivo PA images are major challenges that prevent PAI from finding its place in clinics. This paper investigates the merit of spatial compounding of PA images in arterial phantoms and the achievable improvements of SNR, when in vivo conditions are mimicked. The analysis of the compounding technique was performed on a polyvinyl alcohol vessel phantom with black threads embedded in its wall. The in vivo conditions were mimicked by limiting the rotation range in ±30°, adding turbid surrounding medium, and filling the lumen with porcine blood. Finally, the performance of the technique was evaluated in ex vivo human carotid plaque samples. Results showed that spatial compounding elevates the SNR by 5-10 dB and CNR by 1-5 dB, depending on the location of the absorbers. This paper elucidates prospective in vivo PA characterization of carotid plaques by proposing a method to enhance PA image quality.

Published
2018

30. Long-term survival and secondary procedures after open or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Author

van Schaik, Theodorus G., Yeung, Kak K., Verhagen, Hence J., De Bruin, Jorg Lucas, van Sambeek, Marc R.H.M., Balm, Ron, Zeebregts, Clark J., van Herwaarden, Joost A., Blankensteijn, Jan D., Grobbee, D. E., Bak, Annette A A, Buth, J., Pattynama, Peter M., Verhoeven, E.L.G., Van Voorthuisen, A. E., Balm, R., Cuypers, P.W.M., Prinssen, M., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Baas, A. F., Hunink, M. G. Myriam, van Engelshoven, J.M., Jacobs, M. J.H.M., de Mol, Bas A J M, van Bockel, J.H., Reekers, J.A., Tielbeek, X., Wisselink, W., Boekema-Bakker, N., Heuveling, L. M., Sikking, I., van der Velden, J. J.I.M., van Loenhout, R. M.M., Rutten, M. J., Bender, M. H.M., Boomsma, J. H.B., Visser, M. J.T., de Haan, M., Smeets, H. J., and DREAM trial participants

Subjects
Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract

Objective Randomized trials have shown an initial survival benefit of endovascular over conventional open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair but no long-term difference up to 6 years after repair. Longer follow-up may be required to demonstrate the cumulative negative impact on survival of higher reintervention rates associated with endovascular repair. Methods We updated the results of the Dutch Randomized Endovascular Aneurysm Management (DREAM) trial, a multicenter, randomized controlled trial comparing open with endovascular aneurysm repair, up to 15 years of follow-up. Survival and reinterventions were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. Causes of death and secondary interventions were compared by use of an events per person-year analysis. Results There were 178 patients randomized to open and 173 to endovascular repair. Twelve years after randomization, the cumulative overall survival rates were 42.2% for open and 38.5% for endovascular repair, for a difference of 3.7 percentage points (95% confidence interval, −6.7 to 14.1; P =.48). The cumulative rates of freedom from reintervention were 78.9% for open repair and 62.2% for endovascular repair, for a difference of 16.7 percentage points (95% confidence interval, 5.8-27.6; P =.01). No differences were observed in causes of death. Cardiovascular and malignant disease account for the majority of deaths after prolonged follow-up. Conclusions During 12 years of follow-up, there was no survival difference between patients who underwent open or endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, despite a continuously increasing number of reinterventions in the endovascular repair group. Endograft durability and the need for continued endograft surveillance remain key issues.

Published
2017

31. Characterization of human carotid plaques using multi-wavelength photoacoustic imaging

Author

Arabul, M.U., Heres, H.M., Rutten, M.C.M., Van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Van De Vosse, F.N., Lopata, R.G.P., and Cardiovascular Biomechanics

Abstract

Recently, multi-spectral photoacoustic (PA) imaging has been explored to aid in the diagnosis of atherosclerosis in carotid arteries. Using multiple wavelengths, PA has the potential to reveal vital morphological information in plaques, such as intraplaque hemorrhages, lipid pools, and the fibrous cap. In this study, we used multispectral PA and plane wave ultrasound (US) hybrid-imaging to reveal the composition of human plaques ex-vivo.

Published
2017

32. 3D geometry assessment and wall stress analysis of carotid arteries using 2D US segmentation during a controlled sweep

Author

De Ruijter, J., Hobelman, KH., Van De Vosse, Frans, Van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Lopata, R.G.P., and Cardiovascular Biomechanics

Abstract

Patients with a 70-99% stenosed carotid artery will undergo surgery to prevent rupture of the plaque. However, the degree of stenosis does not determine the vulnerability of the plaque, since vulnerability depends on the plaque's morphology, mechanical properties and the force acting on the plaque. Mechanical models of the carotid artery can improve decision-making of the surgeon by quantifying and mapping wall stress and strain. In this study, a method was developed to obtain the 3D geometry of the carotid artery by a 'slow' sweep over the neck (5 cm) using 2D ultrasound. Rather than using a 3D ultrasound probe, the high axial and temporal resolution are maintained.

Published
2017

33. Improved ultrasound-based mechanical characterization of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Author

Petterson, N.J., Van Disseldorp, E.M.J., Van De Vosse, F.N., Van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Lopata, R.G.P., and Cardiovascular Biomechanics

Subjects
cardiovascular system
Abstract

Novel methods for determining rupture risk in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have focused primarily on CT-based wall stress analysis using finite element models (FEMs). Recent studies have demonstrated ultrasound (US) based FEM, and the possibility of using inverse FEM analysis: matching displacements between the models and US to find patient specific aortic stiffness. This requires an accurate representation of deformation of the FEM-based aorta, which could be highly influenced by the presence of surrounding tissue. Typically, these methods solely include the vessel, fixed on both ends. The abdominal aorta (AA) however is surrounded by other tissue including the spine, which acts as a stiff boundary. In this study, AA(A) models based on 4D US were constructed with increasing complexity. The importance of modelling surrounding tissues was investigated by comparing mechanical parameters.

Published
2017

35. Het kan beter

Author

van Sambeek, M.R.H.M and van Sambeek, M.R.H.M

Published
2017

36. Long-term survival and secondary procedures after open or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Author

Zorgeenheid Vaatchirurgie Medisch, UMC Utrecht, Circulatory Health, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 9, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Genetica Klinische Genetica, Arts-assistenten Radiotherapie, Arts-assistenten Radiologie, Onderzoek CTC, Other research (not in main researchprogram), Psychiatrie_Medisch, ZL Algemene Neurologie Medisch, Pathologie Pathologen staf, Arts-Assistenten Onderwijs Radiologie, HAG Netwerken, van Schaik, Theodorus G., Yeung, Kak K., Verhagen, Hence J., De Bruin, Jorg Lucas, van Sambeek, Marc R.H.M., Balm, Ron, Zeebregts, Clark J., van Herwaarden, Joost A., Blankensteijn, Jan D., Grobbee, D. E., Bak, Annette A A, Buth, J., Pattynama, Peter M., Verhoeven, E.L.G., Van Voorthuisen, A. E., Balm, R., Cuypers, P.W.M., Prinssen, M., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Baas, A. F., Hunink, M. G. Myriam, van Engelshoven, J.M., Jacobs, M. J.H.M., de Mol, Bas A J M, van Bockel, J.H., Reekers, J.A., Tielbeek, X., Wisselink, W., Boekema-Bakker, N., Heuveling, L. M., Sikking, I., van der Velden, J. J.I.M., van Loenhout, R. M.M., Rutten, M. J., Bender, M. H.M., Boomsma, J. H.B., Visser, M. J.T., de Haan, M., Smeets, H. J., DREAM trial participants, Zorgeenheid Vaatchirurgie Medisch, UMC Utrecht, Circulatory Health, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 9, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Genetica Klinische Genetica, Arts-assistenten Radiotherapie, Arts-assistenten Radiologie, Onderzoek CTC, Other research (not in main researchprogram), Psychiatrie_Medisch, ZL Algemene Neurologie Medisch, Pathologie Pathologen staf, Arts-Assistenten Onderwijs Radiologie, HAG Netwerken, van Schaik, Theodorus G., Yeung, Kak K., Verhagen, Hence J., De Bruin, Jorg Lucas, van Sambeek, Marc R.H.M., Balm, Ron, Zeebregts, Clark J., van Herwaarden, Joost A., Blankensteijn, Jan D., Grobbee, D. E., Bak, Annette A A, Buth, J., Pattynama, Peter M., Verhoeven, E.L.G., Van Voorthuisen, A. E., Balm, R., Cuypers, P.W.M., Prinssen, M., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Baas, A. F., Hunink, M. G. Myriam, van Engelshoven, J.M., Jacobs, M. J.H.M., de Mol, Bas A J M, van Bockel, J.H., Reekers, J.A., Tielbeek, X., Wisselink, W., Boekema-Bakker, N., Heuveling, L. M., Sikking, I., van der Velden, J. J.I.M., van Loenhout, R. M.M., Rutten, M. J., Bender, M. H.M., Boomsma, J. H.B., Visser, M. J.T., de Haan, M., Smeets, H. J., and DREAM trial participants

Published
2017

37. Long-term survival and secondary procedures after open or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Author

van Schaik, Theodorus G., primary, Yeung, Kak K., additional, Verhagen, Hence J., additional, de Bruin, Jorg L., additional, van Sambeek, Marc R.H.M., additional, Balm, Ron, additional, Zeebregts, Clark J., additional, van Herwaarden, Joost A., additional, Blankensteijn, Jan D., additional, Grobbee, D.E., additional, Blankensteijn, J.D., additional, Bak, A.A.A., additional, Buth, J., additional, Pattynama, P.M., additional, Verhoeven, E.L.G., additional, van Voorthuisen, A.E., additional, Balm, R., additional, Cuypers, P.W.M., additional, Prinssen, M., additional, van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., additional, Baas, A.F., additional, Hunink, M.G., additional, van Engelshoven, J.M., additional, Jacobs, M.J.H.M., additional, de Mol, B.A.J.M., additional, van Bockel, J.H., additional, Reekers, J., additional, Tielbeek, X., additional, Wisselink, W., additional, Boekema, N., additional, Heuveling, L.M., additional, Sikking, I., additional, de Bruin, J.L., additional, Tielbeek, A.V., additional, Reekers, J.A., additional, Pattynama, P., additional, Prins, T., additional, van der Ham, A.C., additional, van der Velden, J.J.I.M., additional, van Sterkenburg, S.M.M., additional, ten Haken, G.B., additional, Bruijninckx, C.M.A., additional, van Overhagen, H., additional, Tutein Nolthenius, R.P., additional, Hendriksz, T.R., additional, Teijink, J.A.W., additional, Odink, H.F., additional, de Smet, A.A.E.A., additional, Vroegindeweij, D., additional, van Loenhout, R.M.M., additional, Rutten, M.J., additional, Hamming, J.F., additional, Lampmann, L.E.H., additional, Bender, M.H.M., additional, Pasmans, H., additional, Vahl, A.C., additional, de Vries, C., additional, Mackaay, A.J.C., additional, van Dortmont, L.M.C., additional, van der Vliet, A.J., additional, Schultze Kool, L.J., additional, Boomsma, J.H.B., additional, van Dop, H.R., additional, de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., additional, de Rooij, T.P.W., additional, Smits, T.M., additional, Yilmaz, E.N., additional, van den Berg, F.G., additional, Visser, M.J.T., additional, van der Linden, E., additional, Schurink, G.W.H., additional, de Haan, M., additional, Smeets, H.J., additional, Stabel, P., additional, van Elst, F., additional, Poniewierski, J., additional, and Vermassen, F.E.G., additional

Published
2017
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38. Effects of Anesthesia Type on Perioperative Outcome After Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

Author

Broos, P.P.H.L., Stokmans, R.A., Cuypers, P.W.M., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., Teijink, J.A.W., ENGAGE Investigators, the, Epidemiologie, RS: CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, and RS: CAPHRI - R5 - Optimising Patient Care

Subjects
Male, Time Factors, medicine.medical_treatment, Endovascular aneurysm repair, endovascular aneurysm repair, Postoperative Complications, Anesthesia, Conduction, Risk Factors, outcome analysis, Odds Ratio, Local anesthesia, Prospective Studies, Registries, Aged, 80 and over, LOCOREGIONAL ANESTHESIA, Endovascular Procedures, Abdominal aortic aneurysm, ANATOMY, Intensive Care Units, Treatment Outcome, PRACTICE GUIDELINES, Anesthesia, Female, Stents, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, ENDURANT STENT GRAFT, Operative Time, VASCULAR-SURGERY, anesthesia, Anesthesia, General, EUROSTAR DATA, Prosthesis Design, ABDOMINAL-AORTIC-ANEURYSM, Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation, abdominal aortic aneurysm, Blood vessel prosthesis, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Aged, business.industry, MORTALITY, Stent, Perioperative, Odds ratio, Length of Stay, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, RANDOMIZED-TRIAL, Surgery, Blood Vessel Prosthesis, Logistic Models, Multivariate Analysis, Linear Models, business, local anesthesia, LOCAL-ANESTHESIA, Anesthesia, Local, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal
Abstract

Purpose: To examine outcomes of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) using general, regional, or local anesthesia. Methods: From March 2009 to April 2011, patients were enrolled from 79 sites in 30 countries worldwide and treated with an Endurant Stent Graft System. Data were compared among 3 groups based on the method of anesthesia: general anesthesia (GA) was used in 785 (62%) patients, regional anesthesia (RA) in 331 (27%) patients, and local anesthesia (LA) in 145 (11%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for possible confounding factors; outcomes are presented as the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results: There were intercontinental differences in the distribution of type of anesthesia used for EVAR. Higher ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) classification was associated with predominant use of GA. Procedure time was reduced in LA (80.4±40.0 minutes) compared with RA (94.2±41.6 min, adjusted p =0.001) and GA (105.3±46.0 minutes, adjusted p

Published
2015

40. Predicting reinterventions after open and endovascular aneurysm repair using the St George's Vascular Institute score

Author

de Bruin, Jorg Lucas, primary, Karthikesalingam, Alan, additional, Holt, Peter J., additional, Prinssen, Monique, additional, Thompson, Matt M., additional, Blankensteijn, Jan D., additional, Grobbee, D.E., additional, Blankensteijn, J.D., additional, Bak, A.A.A., additional, Buth, J., additional, Pattynama, P.M., additional, Verhoeven, E.L.G., additional, van Voorthuisen, A.E., additional, Balm, R., additional, Cuypers, P.W.M., additional, Prinssen, M., additional, van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., additional, Baas, A.F., additional, Hunink, M.G., additional, van Engelshoven, J.M., additional, Jacobs, M.J.H.M., additional, de Mol, B.A.J.M., additional, van Bockel, J.H., additional, Reekers, J., additional, Tielbeek, X., additional, Wisselink, W., additional, Boekema, N., additional, Heuveling, L.M., additional, Sikking, I., additional, de Bruin, J.L., additional, Tielbeek, A.V., additional, Reekers, J.A., additional, Pattynama, P., additional, Prins, T., additional, van der Ham, A.C., additional, van der Velden, J.J.I.M., additional, van Sterkenburg, S.M.M., additional, ten Haken, G.B., additional, Bruijninckx, C.M.A., additional, van Overhagen, H., additional, Tutein Nolthenius, R.P., additional, Hendriksz, T.R., additional, Teijink, J.A.W., additional, Odink, H.F., additional, de Smet, A.A.E.A., additional, Vroegindeweij, D., additional, van Loenhout, R.M.M., additional, Rutten, M.J., additional, Hamming, J.F., additional, Lampmann, L.E.H., additional, Bender, M.H.M., additional, Pasmans, H., additional, Vahl, A.C., additional, de Vries, C., additional, Mackaay, A.J.C., additional, van Dortmont, L.M.C., additional, van der Vliet, A.J., additional, Schultze Kool, L.J., additional, Boomsma, J.H.B., additional, van, H.R., additional, de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., additional, de Rooij, T.P.W., additional, Smits, T.M., additional, Yilmaz, E.N., additional, van den Berg, F.G., additional, Visser, M.J.T., additional, van der Linden, E., additional, Schurink, G.W.H., additional, de Haan, M., additional, Smeets, H.J., additional, Stabel, P., additional, van Elst, F., additional, Poniewierski, J., additional, and Vermassen, F.E.G., additional

Published
2016
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45. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Author

Giroux M.-F., Prakash K.G., Serracino-Inglott F., Subramanian G., Symth J.V., Walker M.G., Clarke M., Davis M., Dixit S.A., Dorman P., Dyker A., Ford G., Golkar A., Jackson R., Jayakrishnan V., Lambert D., Lees T., Louw S., Mendelow A.D., Rodgers H., Rose J., Stansby G., Wyatt M., Baker T., Baldwin N., Jones L., Mitchell D., Munro E., Thornton M., Baker D., Davis N., Hamilton G., Platts A., Tibballs J., Beard J., Cleveland T., Dodd D., Gaines P., Lonsdale R., Nair R., Nassef A., Nawaz S., Venables G., Belli A., Clifton A., Cloud G., Halliday A., Markus H., McFarland R., Morgan R., Pereira A., Thompson A., Chataway J., Cheshire N., Gibbs R., Hammady M., Jenkins M., Malik I., Wolfe J., Adiseshiah M., Bishop C., Brew S., Brookes J., Jager R., Kitchen N., Ashleigh R., Butterfield S., Gamble G.E., Nasim A., O'Neill P., Wong J., Edwards R.D., Lees K.R., MacKay A.J., Moss J., Rogers P., Ederle J., Dobson J., Featherstone R.L., Bonati L.H., van der Worp H.B., de Borst G.J., Hauw Lo T., Dorman P.J., Macdonald S., Lyrer P.A., McCollum C., Nederkoorn P.J., Brown M.M., Algra A., Bamford J., Bland M., Hacke W., Mas J.L., McGuire A.J., Sidhu P., Bradbury A., Collins R., Molyneux A., Naylor R., Warlow C., Ferro M., Thomas D., Featherstone R.F., Tindall H., McCabe D., Wallis A., Coward L., Brooks M., Chambers B., Chan A., Chu P., Clark D., Dewey H., Donnan G., Fell G., Hoare M., Molan M., Roberts A., Roberts N., Beiles B., Bladin C., Clifford C., Grigg M., New G., Bell R., Bower S., Chong W., Holt M., Saunder A., Than P.G., Gett S., Leggett D., McGahan T., Quinn J., Ray M., Wong A., Woodruff P., Foreman R., Schultz D., Scroop R., Stanley B., Allard B., Atkinson N., Cambell W., Davies S., Field P., Milne P., Mitchell P., Tress B., Yan B., Beasley A., Dunbabin D., Stary D., Walker S., Cras P., d'Archambeau O., Hendriks J.M.H., Van Schil P., Bosiers M., Deloose K., van Buggenhout E., De Letter J., Devos V., Ghekiere J., Vanhooren G., Astarci P., Hammer F., Lacroix V., Verhelst R., DeJaegher L., Peeters A., Verbist J., Blair J.-F., Caron J.L., Daneault N., Guilbert F., Lanthier S., Lebrun L.-H., Oliva V., Raymond J., Roy D., Soulez G., Weill A., Hill M., Hu W., Hudion M., Morrish W., Sutherland G., Alback A., Harno H., Ijas P., Kaste M., Lepantalo M., Mustanoja S., Paananen T., Porras M., Putaala J., Railo M., Sairanen T., Soinne L., Vehmas A., Vikatmaa P., Goertler M., Halloul Z., Skalej M., Brennan P., Kelly C., Leahy A., Moroney J., Thornton J., Koelemay M.J.W., Reekers J.A.A., Roos Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks J.M., Koudstaal P.J., Pattynama P.M.T., van der Lugt A., van Dijk L.C., van Sambeek M.R.H.M., van Urk H., Verhagen H.J.M., Bruijninckx C.M.A., de Bruijn S.F., Keunen R., Knippenberg B., Mosch A., Treurniet F., van Dijk L., van Overhagen H., Wever J., de Beer F.C., van den Berg J.S.P., van Hasselt B.A.A.M., Zeilstra D.J., Boiten J., de Mol van Otterloo J.C.A., de Vries A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt G.J., van der Kallen B.F.W., Blankensteijn J.D., De Leeuw F.E., Schultze Kool L.J., van der Vliet J.A., de Kort G.A.P., Kapelle L.J., Lo T.H., Mali W.P.T.M., Moll F., Verhagen H., Barber P.A., Bourchier R., Hill A., Holden A., Stewart J., Bakke S.J., Krohg-Sorensen K., Skjelland M., Tennoe B., Bialek P., Biejat Z., Czepiel W., Czlonkowska A., Dowzenko A., Jedrzejewska J., Kobayashi A., Lelek M., Polanski J., Kirbis J., Milosevic Z., Zvan B., Blasco J., Chamorro A., Macho J., Obach V., Riambau V., San Roman L., Branera J., Canovas D., Estela J., Gimenez Gaibar A., Perendreu J., Bjorses K., Gottsater A., Ivancev K., Maetzsch T., Sonesson B., Berg B., Delle M., Formgren J., Gillgren P., Kall T.-B., Konrad P., Nyman N., Takolander R., Andersson T., Malmstedt J., Soderman M., Wahlgren C., Wahlgren N., Binaghi S., Hirt L., Michel P., Ruchat P., Engelter S.T., Fluri F., Guerke L., Jacob A.L., Kirsch E., Radue E.-W., Stierli P., Wasner M., Wetzel S., Bonvin C., Kalangos A., Lovblad K., Murith N., Ruefenacht D., Sztajzel R., Higgins N., Kirkpatrick P.J., Martin P., Adam D., Bell J., Bradbury A.W., Crowe P., Gannon M., Henderson M.J., Sandler D., Shinton R.A., Scriven J.M., Wilmink T., D'Souza S., Egun A., Guta R., Punekar S., Seriki D.M., Thomson G., Brennan J.A., Enevoldson T.P., Gilling-Smith G., Gould D.A., Harris P.L., McWilliams R.G., Nasser H.-C., White R., Giroux M.-F., Prakash K.G., Serracino-Inglott F., Subramanian G., Symth J.V., Walker M.G., Clarke M., Davis M., Dixit S.A., Dorman P., Dyker A., Ford G., Golkar A., Jackson R., Jayakrishnan V., Lambert D., Lees T., Louw S., Mendelow A.D., Rodgers H., Rose J., Stansby G., Wyatt M., Baker T., Baldwin N., Jones L., Mitchell D., Munro E., Thornton M., Baker D., Davis N., Hamilton G., Platts A., Tibballs J., Beard J., Cleveland T., Dodd D., Gaines P., Lonsdale R., Nair R., Nassef A., Nawaz S., Venables G., Belli A., Clifton A., Cloud G., Halliday A., Markus H., McFarland R., Morgan R., Pereira A., Thompson A., Chataway J., Cheshire N., Gibbs R., Hammady M., Jenkins M., Malik I., Wolfe J., Adiseshiah M., Bishop C., Brew S., Brookes J., Jager R., Kitchen N., Ashleigh R., Butterfield S., Gamble G.E., Nasim A., O'Neill P., Wong J., Edwards R.D., Lees K.R., MacKay A.J., Moss J., Rogers P., Ederle J., Dobson J., Featherstone R.L., Bonati L.H., van der Worp H.B., de Borst G.J., Hauw Lo T., Dorman P.J., Macdonald S., Lyrer P.A., McCollum C., Nederkoorn P.J., Brown M.M., Algra A., Bamford J., Bland M., Hacke W., Mas J.L., McGuire A.J., Sidhu P., Bradbury A., Collins R., Molyneux A., Naylor R., Warlow C., Ferro M., Thomas D., Featherstone R.F., Tindall H., McCabe D., Wallis A., Coward L., Brooks M., Chambers B., Chan A., Chu P., Clark D., Dewey H., Donnan G., Fell G., Hoare M., Molan M., Roberts A., Roberts N., Beiles B., Bladin C., Clifford C., Grigg M., New G., Bell R., Bower S., Chong W., Holt M., Saunder A., Than P.G., Gett S., Leggett D., McGahan T., Quinn J., Ray M., Wong A., Woodruff P., Foreman R., Schultz D., Scroop R., Stanley B., Allard B., Atkinson N., Cambell W., Davies S., Field P., Milne P., Mitchell P., Tress B., Yan B., Beasley A., Dunbabin D., Stary D., Walker S., Cras P., d'Archambeau O., Hendriks J.M.H., Van Schil P., Bosiers M., Deloose K., van Buggenhout E., De Letter J., Devos V., Ghekiere J., Vanhooren G., Astarci P., Hammer F., Lacroix V., Verhelst R., DeJaegher L., Peeters A., Verbist J., Blair J.-F., Caron J.L., Daneault N., Guilbert F., Lanthier S., Lebrun L.-H., Oliva V., Raymond J., Roy D., Soulez G., Weill A., Hill M., Hu W., Hudion M., Morrish W., Sutherland G., Alback A., Harno H., Ijas P., Kaste M., Lepantalo M., Mustanoja S., Paananen T., Porras M., Putaala J., Railo M., Sairanen T., Soinne L., Vehmas A., Vikatmaa P., Goertler M., Halloul Z., Skalej M., Brennan P., Kelly C., Leahy A., Moroney J., Thornton J., Koelemay M.J.W., Reekers J.A.A., Roos Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks J.M., Koudstaal P.J., Pattynama P.M.T., van der Lugt A., van Dijk L.C., van Sambeek M.R.H.M., van Urk H., Verhagen H.J.M., Bruijninckx C.M.A., de Bruijn S.F., Keunen R., Knippenberg B., Mosch A., Treurniet F., van Dijk L., van Overhagen H., Wever J., de Beer F.C., van den Berg J.S.P., van Hasselt B.A.A.M., Zeilstra D.J., Boiten J., de Mol van Otterloo J.C.A., de Vries A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt G.J., van der Kallen B.F.W., Blankensteijn J.D., De Leeuw F.E., Schultze Kool L.J., van der Vliet J.A., de Kort G.A.P., Kapelle L.J., Lo T.H., Mali W.P.T.M., Moll F., Verhagen H., Barber P.A., Bourchier R., Hill A., Holden A., Stewart J., Bakke S.J., Krohg-Sorensen K., Skjelland M., Tennoe B., Bialek P., Biejat Z., Czepiel W., Czlonkowska A., Dowzenko A., Jedrzejewska J., Kobayashi A., Lelek M., Polanski J., Kirbis J., Milosevic Z., Zvan B., Blasco J., Chamorro A., Macho J., Obach V., Riambau V., San Roman L., Branera J., Canovas D., Estela J., Gimenez Gaibar A., Perendreu J., Bjorses K., Gottsater A., Ivancev K., Maetzsch T., Sonesson B., Berg B., Delle M., Formgren J., Gillgren P., Kall T.-B., Konrad P., Nyman N., Takolander R., Andersson T., Malmstedt J., Soderman M., Wahlgren C., Wahlgren N., Binaghi S., Hirt L., Michel P., Ruchat P., Engelter S.T., Fluri F., Guerke L., Jacob A.L., Kirsch E., Radue E.-W., Stierli P., Wasner M., Wetzel S., Bonvin C., Kalangos A., Lovblad K., Murith N., Ruefenacht D., Sztajzel R., Higgins N., Kirkpatrick P.J., Martin P., Adam D., Bell J., Bradbury A.W., Crowe P., Gannon M., Henderson M.J., Sandler D., Shinton R.A., Scriven J.M., Wilmink T., D'Souza S., Egun A., Guta R., Punekar S., Seriki D.M., Thomson G., Brennan J.A., Enevoldson T.P., Gilling-Smith G., Gould D.A., Harris P.L., McWilliams R.G., Nasser H.-C., and White R.

Abstract

Background: Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. Method(s): The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. Finding(s): The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4.0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3.2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% CI 0.77-2.11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8.5% in the stenting group compared with 5.2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1.69, 1.

Published
2010

46. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Author

Ederle, Jörg, Dobson, Joanna, Featherstone, Roland L., Bonati, Leo H., van der Worp, H. Bart, de Borst, Gert J., Hauw Lo, T., Gaines, Peter, Dorman, Paul J., Macdonald, Sumaira, Lyrer, Philippe A., Hendriks, Johanna M., McCollum, Charles, Nederkoorn, Paul J., Brown, Martin M., Algra, A., Bamford, J., Bland, M., Hacke, W., Mas, J.L., McGuire, A.J., Sidhu, P., Bradbury, A., Collins, R., Molyneux, A., Naylor, R., Warlow, C., Ferro, M., Thomas, D., Featherstone, R.F., Tindall, H., McCabe, D.J.H., Wallis, A., Coward, L., Brooks, M., Chambers, B., Chan, A., Chu, P., Clark, D., Dewey, H., Donnan, G., Fell, G., Hoare, M., Molan, M., Roberts, A., Roberts, N., Beiles, B., Bladin, C., Clifford, C., Grigg, M., New, G., Bell, R., Bower, S., Chong, W., Holt, M., Saunder, A., Than, P.G., Gett, S., Leggett, D., McGahan, T., Quinn, J., Ray, M., Wong, A., Woodruff, P., Foreman, R., Schultz, D., Scroop, R., Stanley, B., Allard, B., Atkinson, N., Cambell, W., Davies, S., Field, P., Milne, P., Mitchell, P., Tress, B., Yan, B., Beasley, A., Dunbabin, D., Stary, D., Walker, S., Cras, P., d'Archambeau, O., Hendriks, J.M.H., Van Schil, P., Bosiers, M., Deloose, K., van Buggenhout, E., De Letter, J., Devos, V., Ghekiere, J., Vanhooren, G., Astarci, P., Hammer, F., Lacroix, V., Peeters, A., Verhelst, R., DeJaegher, L., Verbist, J., Blair, J.-F., Caron, J.L., Daneault, N., Giroux, M.-F., Guilbert, F., Lanthier, S., Lebrun, L.-H., Oliva, V., Raymond, J., Roy, D., Soulez, G., Weill, A., Hill, M., Hu, W., Hudion, M., Morrish, W., Sutherland, G., Wong, J., Albäck, A., Harno, H., Ijäs, P., Kaste, M., Lepäntalo, M., Mustanoja, S., Paananen, T., Porras, M., Putaala, J., Railo, M., Sairanen, T., Soinne, L., Vehmas, A., Vikatmaa, P., Goertler, M., Halloul, Z., Skalej, M., Brennan, P., Kelly, C., Leahy, A., Moroney, J., Thornton, J., Koelemay, M.J.W., Reekers, J.A.A., Roos, Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks, J.M., Koudstaal, P.J., Pattynama, P.M.T., van der Lugt, A., van Dijk, L.C., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., van Urk, H., Verhagen, H.J.M., Bruijninckx, C.M.A., de Bruijn, S.F., Keunen, R., Knippenberg, B., Mosch, A., Treurniet, F., van Dijk, L., van Overhagen, H., Wever, J., de Beer, F.C., van den Berg, J.S.P., van Hasselt, B.A.A.M., Zeilstra, D.J., Boiten, J., de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., de Vries, A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt, G.J., van der Kallen, B.F.W., Blankensteijn, J.D., De Leeuw, F.E., Schultze Kool, L.J., van der Vliet, J.A., de Kort, G.A.P., Kapelle, L.J., Lo, T.H., Mali, W.P.T.M., Moll, F., Verhagen, H., Barber, P.A., Bourchier, R., Hill, A., Holden, A., Stewart, J., Bakke, S.J., Krohg-Sørensen, K., Skjelland, M., Tennøe, B., Bialek, P., Biejat, Z., Czepiel, W., Czlonkowska, A., Dowzenko, A., Jedrzejewska, J., Kobayashi, A., Lelek, M., Polanski, J., Kirbis, J., Milosevic, Z., Zvan, B., Blasco, J., Chamorro, A., Macho, J., Obach, V., Riambau, V., San Roman, L., Branera, J., Canovas, D., Estela, Jordi, Gimenez Gaibar, A., Perendreu, J., Björses, K., Gottsater, A., Ivancev, K., Maetzsch, T., Sonesson, B., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Gillgren, P., Kall, T.-B., Konrad, P., Nyman, N., Takolander, R., Andersson, T., Malmstedt, J., Soderman, M., Wahlgren, C., Wahlgren, N., Binaghi, S., Hirt, L., Michel, P., Ruchat, P., Engelter, S.T., Fluri, F., Guerke, L., Jacob, A.L., Kirsch, E., Radue, E.-W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetzel, S., Bonvin, C., Kalangos, A., Lovblad, K., Murith, N., Ruefenacht, D., Sztajzel, R., Higgins, N., Kirkpatrick, P.J., Martin, P., Adam, D., Bell, J., Bradbury, A.W., Crowe, P., Gannon, M., Henderson, M.J., Sandler, D., Shinton, R.A., Scriven, J.M., Wilmink, T., D'Souza, S., Egun, A., Guta, R., Punekar, S., Seriki, D.M., Thomson, G., Brennan, J.A., Enevoldson, T.P., Gilling-Smith, G., Gould, D.A., Harris, P.L., McWilliams, R.G., Nasser, H.-C., White, R., Prakash, K.G., Serracino-Inglott, F., Subramanian, G., Symth, J.V., Walker, M.G., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, S.A., Dorman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Mendelow, A.D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Baker, T., Baldwin, N., Jones, L., Mitchell, D., Munro, E., Thornton, M., Baker, D., Davis, N., Hamilton, G., McCabe, D., Platts, A., Tibballs, J., Beard, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Gaines, P., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., Venables, G., Belli, A., Clifton, A., Cloud, G., Halliday, A., Markus, H., McFarland, R., Morgan, R., Pereira, A., Thompson, A., Chataway, J., Cheshire, N., Gibbs, R., Hammady, M., Jenkins, M., Malik, I., Wolfe, J., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Jäger, R., Kitchen, N., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, S., Gamble, G.E., Nasim, A., O'Neill, P., Edwards, R.D., Lees, K.R., MacKay, A.J., Moss, J., Rogers, P., Ederle, Jörg, Dobson, Joanna, Featherstone, Roland L., Bonati, Leo H., van der Worp, H. Bart, de Borst, Gert J., Hauw Lo, T., Gaines, Peter, Dorman, Paul J., Macdonald, Sumaira, Lyrer, Philippe A., Hendriks, Johanna M., McCollum, Charles, Nederkoorn, Paul J., Brown, Martin M., Algra, A., Bamford, J., Bland, M., Hacke, W., Mas, J.L., McGuire, A.J., Sidhu, P., Bradbury, A., Collins, R., Molyneux, A., Naylor, R., Warlow, C., Ferro, M., Thomas, D., Featherstone, R.F., Tindall, H., McCabe, D.J.H., Wallis, A., Coward, L., Brooks, M., Chambers, B., Chan, A., Chu, P., Clark, D., Dewey, H., Donnan, G., Fell, G., Hoare, M., Molan, M., Roberts, A., Roberts, N., Beiles, B., Bladin, C., Clifford, C., Grigg, M., New, G., Bell, R., Bower, S., Chong, W., Holt, M., Saunder, A., Than, P.G., Gett, S., Leggett, D., McGahan, T., Quinn, J., Ray, M., Wong, A., Woodruff, P., Foreman, R., Schultz, D., Scroop, R., Stanley, B., Allard, B., Atkinson, N., Cambell, W., Davies, S., Field, P., Milne, P., Mitchell, P., Tress, B., Yan, B., Beasley, A., Dunbabin, D., Stary, D., Walker, S., Cras, P., d'Archambeau, O., Hendriks, J.M.H., Van Schil, P., Bosiers, M., Deloose, K., van Buggenhout, E., De Letter, J., Devos, V., Ghekiere, J., Vanhooren, G., Astarci, P., Hammer, F., Lacroix, V., Peeters, A., Verhelst, R., DeJaegher, L., Verbist, J., Blair, J.-F., Caron, J.L., Daneault, N., Giroux, M.-F., Guilbert, F., Lanthier, S., Lebrun, L.-H., Oliva, V., Raymond, J., Roy, D., Soulez, G., Weill, A., Hill, M., Hu, W., Hudion, M., Morrish, W., Sutherland, G., Wong, J., Albäck, A., Harno, H., Ijäs, P., Kaste, M., Lepäntalo, M., Mustanoja, S., Paananen, T., Porras, M., Putaala, J., Railo, M., Sairanen, T., Soinne, L., Vehmas, A., Vikatmaa, P., Goertler, M., Halloul, Z., Skalej, M., Brennan, P., Kelly, C., Leahy, A., Moroney, J., Thornton, J., Koelemay, M.J.W., Reekers, J.A.A., Roos, Y.B.W.E.M., Hendriks, J.M., Koudstaal, P.J., Pattynama, P.M.T., van der Lugt, A., van Dijk, L.C., van Sambeek, M.R.H.M., van Urk, H., Verhagen, H.J.M., Bruijninckx, C.M.A., de Bruijn, S.F., Keunen, R., Knippenberg, B., Mosch, A., Treurniet, F., van Dijk, L., van Overhagen, H., Wever, J., de Beer, F.C., van den Berg, J.S.P., van Hasselt, B.A.A.M., Zeilstra, D.J., Boiten, J., de Mol van Otterloo, J.C.A., de Vries, A.C., Lycklama a Nijeholt, G.J., van der Kallen, B.F.W., Blankensteijn, J.D., De Leeuw, F.E., Schultze Kool, L.J., van der Vliet, J.A., de Kort, G.A.P., Kapelle, L.J., Lo, T.H., Mali, W.P.T.M., Moll, F., Verhagen, H., Barber, P.A., Bourchier, R., Hill, A., Holden, A., Stewart, J., Bakke, S.J., Krohg-Sørensen, K., Skjelland, M., Tennøe, B., Bialek, P., Biejat, Z., Czepiel, W., Czlonkowska, A., Dowzenko, A., Jedrzejewska, J., Kobayashi, A., Lelek, M., Polanski, J., Kirbis, J., Milosevic, Z., Zvan, B., Blasco, J., Chamorro, A., Macho, J., Obach, V., Riambau, V., San Roman, L., Branera, J., Canovas, D., Estela, Jordi, Gimenez Gaibar, A., Perendreu, J., Björses, K., Gottsater, A., Ivancev, K., Maetzsch, T., Sonesson, B., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Gillgren, P., Kall, T.-B., Konrad, P., Nyman, N., Takolander, R., Andersson, T., Malmstedt, J., Soderman, M., Wahlgren, C., Wahlgren, N., Binaghi, S., Hirt, L., Michel, P., Ruchat, P., Engelter, S.T., Fluri, F., Guerke, L., Jacob, A.L., Kirsch, E., Radue, E.-W., Stierli, P., Wasner, M., Wetzel, S., Bonvin, C., Kalangos, A., Lovblad, K., Murith, N., Ruefenacht, D., Sztajzel, R., Higgins, N., Kirkpatrick, P.J., Martin, P., Adam, D., Bell, J., Bradbury, A.W., Crowe, P., Gannon, M., Henderson, M.J., Sandler, D., Shinton, R.A., Scriven, J.M., Wilmink, T., D'Souza, S., Egun, A., Guta, R., Punekar, S., Seriki, D.M., Thomson, G., Brennan, J.A., Enevoldson, T.P., Gilling-Smith, G., Gould, D.A., Harris, P.L., McWilliams, R.G., Nasser, H.-C., White, R., Prakash, K.G., Serracino-Inglott, F., Subramanian, G., Symth, J.V., Walker, M.G., Clarke, M., Davis, M., Dixit, S.A., Dorman, P., Dyker, A., Ford, G., Golkar, A., Jackson, R., Jayakrishnan, V., Lambert, D., Lees, T., Louw, S., Mendelow, A.D., Rodgers, H., Rose, J., Stansby, G., Wyatt, M., Baker, T., Baldwin, N., Jones, L., Mitchell, D., Munro, E., Thornton, M., Baker, D., Davis, N., Hamilton, G., McCabe, D., Platts, A., Tibballs, J., Beard, J., Cleveland, T., Dodd, D., Gaines, P., Lonsdale, R., Nair, R., Nassef, A., Nawaz, S., Venables, G., Belli, A., Clifton, A., Cloud, G., Halliday, A., Markus, H., McFarland, R., Morgan, R., Pereira, A., Thompson, A., Chataway, J., Cheshire, N., Gibbs, R., Hammady, M., Jenkins, M., Malik, I., Wolfe, J., Adiseshiah, M., Bishop, C., Brew, S., Brookes, J., Jäger, R., Kitchen, N., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, S., Gamble, G.E., Nasim, A., O'Neill, P., Edwards, R.D., Lees, K.R., MacKay, A.J., Moss, J., and Rogers, P.

Abstract

Background: Stents are an alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis, but previous trials have not established equivalent safety and efficacy. We compared the safety of carotid artery stenting with that of carotid endarterectomy. Methods: The International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) is a multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial with blinded adjudication of outcomes. Patients with recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy. Randomisation was by telephone call or fax to a central computerised service and was stratified by centre with minimisation for sex, age, contralateral occlusion, and side of the randomised artery. Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment assignment. Patients were followed up by independent clinicians not directly involved in delivering the randomised treatment. The primary outcome measure of the trial is the 3-year rate of fatal or disabling stroke in any territory, which has not been analysed yet. The main outcome measure for the interim safety analysis was the 120-day rate of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction. Analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). This study is registered, number ISRCTN25337470. Findings: The trial enrolled 1713 patients (stenting group, n=855; endarterectomy group, n=858). Two patients in the stenting group and one in the endarterectomy group withdrew immediately after randomisation, and were not included in the ITT analysis. Between randomisation and 120 days, there were 34 (Kaplan-Meier estimate 4·0%) events of disabling stroke or death in the stenting group compared with 27 (3·2%) events in the endarterectomy group (hazard ratio [HR] 1·28, 95% CI 0·77-2·11). The incidence of stroke, death, or procedural myocardial infarction was 8·5% in the stenting group compared with 5·2% in the endarterectomy group (72 vs 44 events; HR 1·69, 1·16-2

Published
2010

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