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3. Does Spatial Ambidexterity Pay Off? On the Benefits of Geographic Proximity Between Technology Exploitation and Exploration

Author

Geerts, A.F., Geerts, A.F., Leten, B., Belderbos, R., van Looy, B., Geerts, A.F., Geerts, A.F., Leten, B., Belderbos, R., and van Looy, B.

Abstract

While most scholars tend to agree that it is worthwhile for firms to strive for ambidexterity, less consensus exists on how to organize simultaneously for exploration and exploitation. Although firms increasingly conduct R&D activities in multiple locations and countries, prior ambidexterity research has ignored a geographical dimension in explaining the ambidexterity-performance relationship. In this paper, we develop and validate the concept of spatial ambidexterity, which we define as the degree to which firms pursue technology exploration and exploitation in proximate locations. We argue that both activities benefit from proximity as firms will increase their ability to enact cross-fertilization opportunities and synergies between explorative and exploitative technological activities. Relying on a panel dataset (1995-2003) of the technological activities of 156 large R&D intensive European, U.S. and Japanese firms, we examine the degree to which technology exploration and exploitation activities are pursued simultaneously in similar or different geographical regions. Patent data are used to construct indicators of technology exploration and exploitation activities. Spatial ambidexterity is measured as the degree to which global technology exploration and exploitation activities are pursued in proximity. Our analysis confirms that firms exhibiting greater geographic proximity between technology exploration and exploitation activities display an elevated level of technological performance. Both technology activities of an explorative and exploitative nature appear to benefit from spatial proximity.

Published
2018

4. Entry and Technological Performance in New Technology Domains: Technological Opportunities, Technology Competition and Technological Relatedness

Author

Leten, B., Belderbos, R., Van Looy, B., Organisation,Strategy & Entrepreneurship, RS: GSBE DUHR, and RS: GSBE TIID

Subjects
relatedness, ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE, RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT, MARKET-STRUCTURE, INNOVATIVE PERFORMANCE, innovation, LOCAL SEARCH, technological opportunities, PROPERTY-RIGHTS, entry, DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES, DEVELOPMENT ALLIANCES, technology search, RESOURCE-BASED VIEW, competition, FIRM PERFORMANCE
Abstract

Entry and success in new technology domains (NTDs) is essential for firms' long-term performance. We argue that firms' choices to enter NTDs and their subsequent performance in these domains are not only governed by firm-level factors but also by environmental characteristics. Entry is encouraged by the richness of opportunities for technology development, while technology competition by incumbent firms discourages entry and render entries that do take place less successful. Firms are expected to be positioned heterogeneously to recognize and capitalize on technological opportunities, depending on the presence of a related technology base. We find qualified support for these conjectures in a longitudinal analysis of entry and technological performance in NTDs by 176 R&D intensive firms. While opportunity rich technology environments attract entries by firms even if these NTDs are distal from firms' existing technologies, firms require related technological expertise in order to exploit technological opportunities post-entry. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for the Advancement of Management Studies

Published
2016

11. Conclusies

Author

Steenssens, Katrien, Gijselinckx, Caroline, Callaert, J., Hubeau, Bernard, Van Looy, B., Verlinden, Victoria, and Ysebaert, W.

Subjects
Law
Published
2011

24. Innovatie(f) organiseren

Author

de Weerd-Nederhof, P.C., Van Looy, B., and Visscher, K.

Subjects
METIS-219114
Abstract

Organisaties in hoogontwikkelde economieën concurreren veelal op basis van vernieuwingskracht. In de strijd om de gunst van de klant moeten zij voortdurend innoveren in hun producten, diensten en processen. Maar hoe krijg je het voor elkaar om een continue stroom innovaties op gang te brengen en te houden? Daarover gaat het boek Innovatie(f) organiseren.Het organiseren van innovatie is een complex, weerbarstig en avontuurlijk proces, met vele vragen en weinig pasklare antwoorden. Dit boek bevat dan ook geen recepten en succesformules voor innovatie. Wat het wel bevat is een unieke combinatie van perspectieven op de uitdagingen van het innovatie(f) organiseren, zowel vanuit de wetenschap als vanuit de praktijk.Vooraanstaande Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs geven inzicht in verschillende facetten van het organiseren van innovatie en het innoveren van de organisatie die daarbij noodzakelijk is. Innovatieve concepten als platformontwikkeling, R&D-profit centers en strategische allianties worden op hun merites beoordeeld. Innovatieve bedrijven van wereldklasse worden uitgebreid beschreven. Strategieën worden aangereikt voor het omgaan met de spanningsvelden van het innoveren: beheersing of creativiteit, lange termijn of korte termijn, innovatie binnenshuis of open innovatie in netwerken. Ook het specifieke van het innoveren in het mkb en in universitaire spin-offs komt aan bod.Kortom, een boeiend en inspirerend boek voor iedereen die zich bezighoudt met innovatie.

Published
2004

29. Performance measurement in service firms

Author

van Ossel, G., Bruggeman, W., Desmet, S., Gemmel, P., Slagmulder, R.R.A., van Dierdonck, R., van Looy, B., and Research Group: Accounting

Published
1998

30. Complaint management

Author

van Ossel, G., Stremersch, S., van Looy, B., van Dierdonck, R., Gemmel, P., Research Group: Marketing, and Department of Marketing

Published
1998

34. The Evolving Market For Patent Rights. : De Evoluerende Markt voor Octrooirechten

Author

Kovács, A, Czarnitzki, D, Cassiman, B, and Van Looy, B

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING
Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between firms' activity on markets for technology and their performance. Specifically, the study utilizes novel data on the transfer of patent ownership rights - patent sales - in order to generate new insights on how firms can benefit from external technology acquisition strategies. Existing scholarship describes a trend whereby firms, to an increasing extent, rely on external sources of technology to develop their innovations and suggests that external technology allows firms to develop innovation faster, cheaper and at lower risk. Although these claims are supported by anecdotal evidence and case studies, empirical studies investigating the effects of external technology acquisition on firm performance have suffered from a lack of large-scale systematic data on technology transactions. Patent sales data offer systematic accounts of technology transactions on a previously unprecedented scale. This property of patent sales data provides a solid basis for studying the effects of firms' technology acquisition strategies on their performance. By empirically investigating these effects, the study contributes to evolving debates on the viability of open forms of innovation and the functioning of technology markets. status: published

Published
2019

36. Differences in Antibody Kinetics and Functionality Between Severe and Mild Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections.

Author

Rijkers G, Murk JL, Wintermans B, van Looy B, van den Berge M, Veenemans J, Stohr J, Reusken C, van der Pol P, and Reimerink J

Subjects
Antibodies, Viral blood, Antibody Formation, Betacoronavirus isolation & purification, COVID-19, Cohort Studies, Coronavirus Infections blood, Coronavirus Infections virology, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Humans, Immunoglobulin A blood, Immunoglobulin A immunology, Immunoglobulin G blood, Immunoglobulin G immunology, Neutralization Tests, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral blood, Pneumonia, Viral virology, SARS-CoV-2, Severity of Illness Index, Antibodies, Viral immunology, Betacoronavirus immunology, Coronavirus Infections immunology, Pneumonia, Viral immunology
Abstract

We determined and compared the humoral immune response in patients with severe (hospitalized) and mild (nonhospitalized) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with severe disease (n = 38) develop a robust antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A antibodies. The geometric mean 50% virus neutralization titer is 1:240. SARS-CoV-2 infection was found in hospital personnel (n = 24), who developed mild symptoms necessitating leave of absence and self-isolation, but not hospitalization; 75% developed antibodies, but with low/absent virus neutralization (60% with titers <1:20). While severe COVID-19 patients develop a strong antibody response, mild SARS-CoV-2 infections induce a modest antibody response. Long-term monitoring will show whether these responses predict protection against future infections., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Published
2020
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37. Scenario-driven forecasting: modeling peaks and paths. Insights from the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium.

Author

Decock K, Debackere K, Vandamme AM, and Van Looy B

Abstract

The recent 'outburst' of COVID-19 spurred efforts to model and forecast its diffusion patterns, either in terms of infections, people in need of medical assistance (ICU occupation) or casualties. Forecasting patterns and their implied end states remains cumbersome when few (stochastic) data points are available during the early stage of diffusion processes. Extrapolations based on compounded growth rates do not account for inflection points nor end-states. In order to remedy this situation, we advance a set of heuristics which combine forecasting and scenario thinking. Inspired by scenario thinking we allow for a broad range of end states (and their implied growth dynamics, parameters) which are consecutively being assessed in terms of how well they coincide with actual observations. When applying this approach to the diffusion of COVID-19, it becomes clear that combining potential end states with unfolding trajectories provides a better-informed decision space as short term predictions are accurate, while a portfolio of different end states informs the long view. The creation of such a decision space requires temporal distance. Only to the extent that one refrains from incorporating more recent data, more plausible end states become visible. Such dynamic approach also allows one to assess the potential effects of mitigating measures. As such, our contribution implies a plea for dynamically blending forecasting algorithms and scenario-oriented thinking, rather than conceiving them as substitutes or complements., (© Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020.)

Published
2020
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38. Intellectual property policies in early-phase research in public-private partnerships.

Author

Stevens H, Van Overwalle G, Van Looy B, and Huys I

Subjects
Organizational Policy, Private Sector organization & administration, Public Sector organization & administration, Drug Industry organization & administration, Intellectual Property, Models, Organizational, Ownership organization & administration, Public-Private Sector Partnerships organization & administration, Research organization & administration
Published
2016
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