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4. Effect of availability bias and reflective reasoning on diagnostic accuracy among internal medicine residents

Author

Mamede, Sylvia, van Gog, Tamara, van den Berge, Kees, Rikers, Remy M.J.P., van Saase, Jan L.C.M., van Guldener, Coen, and Schmidt, Henk G.

Subjects
Residents (Medicine) -- Practice, Interns (Medicine) -- Practice, Clinical competence -- Analysis, Diagnostic errors -- Prevention, Set (Psychology) -- Analysis
Abstract

The study attempts to evaluate the impact on diagnostic accuracy among internal medicine residents of availability bias and reflective reasoning, and whether reflection counteracts the bias. The results indicate that second-year medical students made errors consistent with the availability bias, and application of diagnostic reflection countered the bias.

Published
2010

5. Cardioversion in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Observational study using prospectively collected registry data

Author

Pope, Marita Knudsen, Hall, Trygve S, Schirripa, Valentina, Radic, Petra, Virdone, Saverio, Pieper, Karen S, Le Heuzey, Jean-Yves, Jansky, Petr, Fitzmaurice, David A, Cappato, Riccardo, Atar, Dan, Camm, A John, Kakkar, Ajay K, Bassand, Jean-Pierre, Fox, Keith A A, Gersh, Bernard J, Goldhaber, Samuel Z, Goto, Shinya, Haas, Sylvia, Hacke, Werner, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Misselwitz, Frank, Turpie, Alexander G G, van Eickels, Martin, Verheugt, Freek W A, Luciardi, Hector Lucas, Gibbs, Harry, Brodmann, Marianne, Cools, Frank, Barretto, Antonio Carlos Pereira, Connolly, Stuart J, Eikelboom, John, Corbalan, Ramon, Jing, Zhi-Cheng, Nielsen, Jørn Dalsgaard, Ragy, Hany, Raatikainen, Pekka, Darius, Harald, Keltai, Matyas, Sawhney, Jitendra Pal Singh, Agnelli, Giancarlo, Ambrosio, Giuseppe, Koretsune, Yukihiro, Sánchez Díaz, Carlos Jerjes, Ten Cate, Hugo, Stepinska, Janina, Panchenko, Elizaveta, Lim, Toon Wei, Jacobson, Barry, Oh, Seil, Viñolas, Xavier, Rosenqvist, Marten, Steffel, Jan, Angchaisuksiri, Pantep, Oto, Ali, Parkhomenko, Alex, Al Mahmeed, Wael, Hu, Dayi, Chen, Kangning, Zhao, Yusheng, Zhang, Huaiqin, Chen, Jiyan, Cao, Shiping, Wang, Daowen, Yang, Yuejin, Li, Weihua, Li, Hui, Yin, Yuehui, Tao, Guizhou, Yang, Ping, Chen, Yingmin, He, Shenghu, Wang, Yong, Fu, Guosheng, Li, Xin, Wu, Tongguo, Cheng, Xiaoshu, Yan, Xiaowei, Zhao, Ruiping, Chen, Moshui, Xiong, Longgen, Chen, Ping, Jiao, Yang, Guo, Ying, Xue, Li, Yang, Zhiming, Jadhavm, Praveen, Sarma, Raghava, Kulkarni, Govind, Chandwani, Prakash, Pothiwala, Rasesh Atulbhai, Purayil, Mohanan Padinhare, Chawla, Kamaldeep, Kothiwale, Veerappa Annasaheb, Raghuraman, Bagirath, Vijan, Vinod Madan, Sawhney, Jitendra, Bantwal, Ganapathi, Khan, Aziz, Meena, Ramdhan, Chopada, Manojkumar, Abraham, Sunitha, Bisne, Vikas, Vijayaraghavan, Govindan, Roy, Debabrata, Durgaprasad, Rajashekhar, Shankar, A G Ravi, Kumar, Sunil, Jain, Dinesh, Bhargava, Kartikeya, Kumar, Vinay, Nagamalesh, Udigala Madappa, Rajput, Rajeeve Kumar, Kanamori, Seishu, Yamamoto, Kenichi, Kumagai, Koichiro, Katsuda, Yosuke, Yoshida, Keiki, Toyota, Fumitoshi, Mizuno, Yuji, Misumi, Ikuo, Noguchi, Hiroo, Ando, Shinichi, Suetsugu, Tetsuro, Minamoto, Masahiro, Oda, Hiroyuki, Adachi, Susumu, Chiba, Kei, Norita, Hiroaki, Tsuruta, Makoto, Koyanagi, Takeshi, Yamamoto, Kunihiko, Ando, Hiroshi, Higashi, Takayuki, Okada, Megumi, Azakami, Shiro, Komaki, Shinichiro, Kumeda, Kenshi, Murayama, Takashi, Matsumura, Jun, Oba, Yurika, Sonoda, Ryuji, Goto, Kazuo, Minoda, Kotaro, Haraguchi, Yoshikuni, Suefuji, Hisakazu, Miyagi, Hiroo, Kato, Hitoshi, Nakamura, Tsugihiro, Nakamura, Tadashi, Nandate, Hidekazu, Zaitsu, Ryuji, Fujiura, Yoshihisa, Yoshimura, Akira, Numata, Hiroyuki, Ogawa, Jun, Kamogawa, Yasuyuki, Murakami, Kinshiro, Wakasa, Yutaka, Yamasawa, Masanori, Maekawa, Hiromitsu, Abe, Sumihisa, Kihara, Hajime, Tsunoda, Satoru, Saito, Katsumi, Tachibana, Hiroki, Oba, Ichiro, Kuwahata, Takashi, Higa, Satoshi, Gushiken, Masamichi, Eto, Takuma, Chibana, Hidetoshi, Fujisawa, Kazuaki, Shiga, Yuhei, Sumi, Hirokuni, Nagatomo, Toshihisa, Atsuchi, Yoshihiko, Nagoshi, Toshiro, Sanno, Kazuhisa, Hoshino, Fumihiro, Yokota, Naoto, Kameko, Masahiro, Tabuchi, Toshifumi, Ishizawa, Munesumi, Fujiura, Yoshitake, Ikeda, Daisuke, Seto, Taku, Iwao, Tetsu, Ishioka, Norio, Oshiro, Koichi, Tsuchida, Keizo, Hatori, Yutaka, Takeuchi, Motoshi, Takezawa, Hiroto, Nagano, Shinjiro, Iwaki, Masaaki, Nakamura, Yuichiro, Miyamoto, Naomasa, Taguchi, Toshifumi, Ashida, Ko, Yoshizawa, Naoto, Agata, Jun, Matsukawa, Seishiro, Arasaki, Osamu, Fukuoka, Shuji, Murakami, Hirofumi, Mishima, Kazuya, Hata, Yoshiki, Sakuma, Ichiro, Obunai, Kotaro, Takamura, Ichiro, Akutsu, Mitsuyuki, Unoki, Toshihide, Go, Yoshinori, Ikemura, Makoto, Morii, Shoji, Marusaki, Shigeru, Doi, Hideo, Tanaka, Mitsuru, Kusumoto, Takaaki, Kakinoki, Shigeo, Ogurusu, Chiga, Murata, Kazuya, Shimoyama, Masaki, Nakatsuka, Masami, Kitami, Yutaka, Nakamura, Yoichi, Oda, Hiroshi, Oyama, Rikimaru, Ageta, Masato, Mita, Teruaki, Nagao, Kazuhiko, Mito, Takafumi, Minami, Junichi, Abe, Mitsunori, Fujii, Masako, Okawa, Makoto, Fujito, Tsuneo, Taniguchi, Toshiya, Ko, Tenei, Kubo, Hiroshi, Imamaki, Mizuho, Akiyama, Masahiro, Ueda, Takashi, Odakura, Hironori, Inagaki, Masahiko, Katsube, Yoshiki, Nakata, Atsuyuki, Tomimoto, Shinobu, Shibuya, Mitsuhiro, Nakano, Masayuki, Ito, Kenichiro, Matsuta, Masahiro, Ishiguro, Motoyuki, Minagawa, Taro, Wada, Masamichi, Mukawa, Hiroaki, Mizuguchi, Masato, Okuda, Fumio, Kimura, Teruaki, Taga, Kuniaki, Techigawara, Masaaki, Igarashi, Morio, Watanabe, Hiroshi, Seo, Toshihiko, Hiramitsu, Shinya, Hosokawa, Hiroaki, Hoshiai, Mitsumoto, Hibino, Michitaka, Miyagawa, Koichi, Horie, Hideki, Sugishita, Nobuyoshi, Shiga, Yukio, Soma, Akira, Neya, Kazuo, Yoshida, Tetsuro, Akahane, Kunio, Adachi, Sen, Takanaka, Chiei, Matsui, Saori, Kanda, Hirofumi, Kaneko, Masanori, Nagasaka, Shiro, Taguchi, Atsushi, Toru, Shuta, Saito, Kazuyuki, Miyashita, Akiko, Sasaguri, Hiroki, Nariyama, Jin, Hatsuno, Taketo, Iwase, Takash, Sato, Kazuki, Kawai, Kazuya, Kotani, Tomobumi, Tsuji, Tsuyoshi, Sakai, Hirosumi, Nishino, Kiyoshi, Ikeda, Kenichi, Maeda, Kazuo, Shinozuka, Tomohiro, Inoue, Takeshi, Kawakami, Koichi, Kitazumi, Hiromichi, Takagi, Tsutomu, Hamaoka, Mamoru, Kojima, Jisho, Sasaki, Akitoshi, Tsuchiya, Yoshihiro, Betsuyaku, Tetsuo, Higuchi, Koji, Honda, Masaaki, Hasegawa, Koichi, Baba, Takao, Mineoi, Kazuaki, Koeda, Toshihiko, Hirasawa, Kunihiko, Kumazaki, Toshihide, Nakagomi, Akira, Otaki, Eiji, Shindo, Takashi, Hirayama, Hiroyoshi, Sugimoto, Chikako, Yamagishi, Takashi, Mizuguchi, Ichiro, Sezaki, Kazunori, Niwa, Isamu, Takenaka, Ken, Iiji, Osamu, Taya, Koichi, Kitazawa, Hitoshi, Ueda, Samu, Kakuda, Hirokazu, Ono, Takuya, Oriso, Seizo, Kamata, Junya, Nanke, Toshihiko, Maeda, Itaru, Matsuura, Yoshifusa, Teragawa, Hiroki, Maruyama, Yasuyuki, Takei, Kazuo, Horie, Hajime, Kito, Tetsutaro, Asano, Hiroshi, Matsushita, Koji, Nakamura, Masaichi, Washizuka, Takashi, Yoshida, Tomoki, 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Moriai, Osamu, Emura, Yoko, Fukuda, Tsuyoshi, Date, Haruhiko, Kawakami, Shuichi, Nagai, Sho, Ueyama, Yuya, Fudo, Tetsuro, Imaizumi, Mitsuru, Ogawa, Takuo, Take, Shunsuke, Ikeda, Hideo, Nishioka, Hiroaki, Sakamoto, Norihiko, Ikeoka, Kiyomitsu, Wakaki, Nobuo, Abe, Masatake, Doiuchi, Junji, Kira, Tetsuya, Tada, Masato, Tsuzaki, Ken, Miura, Naoya, Fujisawa, Yasuaki, Furumoto, Wataru, Suzuki, Susumu, Fujisawa, Akinori, Nakamura, Ryosai, Komatsu, Hiroyasu, Fujiki, Rei, Kawano, Shuichi, Nishizawa, Keijiro, Kato, Yoji, Azuma, Junya, Yasui, Kiyoshi, Amano, Toshio, Sekine, Yasuhiro, Honzawa, Tatsuo, Koshibu, Yuichiro, Sakamoto, Yasuhide, Seta, Yukihiro, Miyaguchi, Shingo, Morishita, Kojuro, Samejima, Yasuko, Sasaki, Toyoshi, Iseki, Fumiko, Kobayashi, Toshiyuki, Kano, Hiroshi, Kim, Jaeyoung, Yamaguchi, Hiroshi, Takagi, Yoichi, Pearce, Yoko Onuki, Suzuki, Yasuyuki, Fukui, Takayuki, Nakayama, Toru, Kanai, Hideaki, Kawano, Yoshiyuki, Ino, Tetsuji, Miyoshi, Hironori, Miyamoto, Yasufumi, Shigekiyo, Masahito, Ono, Shimato, Okamoto, Yutaka, Ubukata, Satoshi, Kodera, Kojiro, Oriuchi, Tatsuo, Matsumoto, Naoki, Inagaki, Koichi, Iseki, Atsushi, Yoshida, Tomohiro, Goda, Toshihiro, Katsuki, Tsukasa, Sato, Atsushi, Mori, Etsuo, Tsubokura, Toshio, Shudo, Hiroshi, Fujimoto, Shunichi, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Furukawa, Yoshiyuki, Hosokawa, Hiroshi, Narumi, Jun, Yamamoto, Kiichiro, Owari, Masaki, Inakura, Takuya, Anno, Takafumi, Shirakawa, Kazuyuki, Ching, Chi Keong, Foo, David, Wong, Kelvin, Yuyang, Tan, Park, Hui Nam, Kim, Woo-Shik, Lee, HyeYoung, Jang, Sung-Won, Kim, Dae Hyeok, Kim, Jun, Ryu, DongRyeol, Shim, Jaemin, Kim, Dae-Kyeong, Choi, Dong Ju, Oh, Yong Seog, Cho, Myeong-Chan, Kim, Hack-Lyoung, Jeon, Hui-Kyung, Shin, Dong-Gu, Park, Sang Weon, Park, Hoon Ki, Han, Sang-Jin, Sung, Jung Hoon, Park, Hyung-Wook, Nam, Gi-Byoung, On, Young Keun, Lim, Hong Euy, Kwak, JaeJin, Cha, Tae-Joon, Hong, Taek Jong, Park, Seong Hoon, Yoon, Jung Han, Kim, Nam-Ho, Kim, Kee-Sik, Jung, Byung Chun, Hwang, Gyo-Seung, Kim, Chong-Jin, Rungaramsin, Sakda, Katekangplu, Peerapat, Khunrong, Porames, Bunyapipat, Thanita, Wongcharoen, Wanwarang, Kaewsuwanna, Pinij, Siriwattana, Khanchai, Tiyanon, Waraporn, Pattanaprichakul, Supalerk, Likittanasombat, Khanchit, Cholsaringkarl, Doungrat, Boonyapisit, Warangkana, Cheewatanakornkul, Sirichai, Silaruks, Songkwan, Hutayanon, Pisit, Chawanadelert, Seksan, Chattranukulchai, Pairoj, Chatlaong, Boonsert, Santanakorn, Yingsak, Kanokphatcharakun, Khompiya, Mongkolwongroj, Piya, Jai-Aue, Sasivimon, Komson, Ongkarn, Altun, Armagan, Aydinlar, Ali, Topsakal, Ramazan, Ongen, Zeki, Acikel, Sadik, Sahin, Durmus Yildiray, Yilmaz, Ozcan, Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan, Pekdemir, Hasan, Demir, Mesut, Sucu, Murat, Sahiner, Levent, Ersanli, Murat, Okuyan, Ertugrul, Aras, Dursun, Rolandi, Florencia, Ingaramo, Adrian Cesar, Sambadaro, Gustavo Alberto, Caputi, Vanina Fernandez, Luciardi, Hector, Berman, Sofia Graciela, Dragotto, Pablo, Kleiban, Andres Javier, Centurion, Nestor, Guerrero, Rodolfo Andres Ahuad, Di Paola, Leonel Adalberto, Dran, Ricardo Dario, Egido, Javier, Fosco, Matias Jose, Sinisi, Victor Alfredo, Cartasegna, Luis Rodolfo, Vilamajo, Oscar Gomez, Ramos, Jose Luis, Sassone, Sonia, Zapata, Gerardo, Conde, Diego, Giacomi, Guillermo, Fernandez, Alberto Alfredo, Berli, Mario Alberto, Ferroni, Fabian, Filho, Dário Celestino Sobral, Jaber, Jefferson, Armaganijan, Luciana Vidal, Costantini, Costantino Roberto Frack, Steffens, André, de Souzaem, Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso, de Souza Neto, João David, Ribeiro, José Márcio, Teixeira, Marcelo Silveira, Rossi, Paulo, Pires, Leonardo, Moreira, Daniel, Jorge, José Carlos Moura, Filho, Adalberto Menezes Lorga, Bodanese, Luiz, Montera, Marcelo Westerlund, Del Carlo, Carlos Henrique, Saad, Jamil Abdalla, Alves da Costa, Fernando Augusto, Lopes, Renato, de Araújo, Gilson Roberto, Manenti, Euler Roberto, Saraiva, Jose Francisco Kerr, Braga, João Carlos Ferreira, Negri, Alexandre, Moncada, Carlos, Precoma, Dalton, Roquette, Fernando, Reis, Gilmar, Ramos Filho, Roberto Álvaro, Figueiredo, Estêvão Lanna, Botelho, Roberto Vieira, da Fontoura Tavares, Cláudio Munhoz, Finimundi, Helius Carlos, Kochi, Adriano, França, César Cássio Broilo, Alban, Fábio, Rosito, Guido Bernardo Aranha, Junior, João Batista de Moura Xavier Moraes, Tumelero, Rogério Tadeu, Maia, Lilia, de Almeida, Roberto Simões, do Carmo Borges, Ney Carter, Gomes Ferreira, Luís Gustavo, Corbalán, Ramón, Fernandez, Benjamin Aleck Joseh Stockins, Montecinos, Humberto, Lanas, Fernando, Gómez, Martín Larico, Astudillo, Carlos, Conejeros, Carlos, Cuevas, Patricio Marin, Forero, Alejandro, Gutiérrez, Claudio Bugueño, Aguilar, Juan, Cardenas, Sergio Potthoff, Eggers, German, Houzvic, Cesar, Rey, Carlos, Arriagada, Germán, Vilches, Gustavo Charme, Illescas Diaz, Jesus Jaime, Cantu, Raul Leal, Ramos Zavala, Maria Guadalupe, Jardines, Ricardo Cabrera, Zavaleta, Nilda Espinola, Rosas, Enrique Lopez, Llamas Esperón, Guillermo Antonio, Pozas, Gerardo, Muñoz, Ernesto Cardona, Hernandez, Norberto Matadamas, Rendon, Adolfo Leyva, Hernandez, Norberto Garcia, de los Rios Ibarra, Manuel, Carrillo, Luis Ramon Virgen, Villezca, David Lopez, Herrera, Carlos Hernandez, Lopez Prieto, Juan Jose, Rodriguez, Rodolfo Gaona, Espinosa, Efrain Villeda, Martinez, David Flores, Barcena, Jose Velasco, Fierro, Omar Fierro, Briones, Ignacio Rodriguez, Leiva Pons, Jose Luis, Lopez, Humberto Alvarez, Ruiz, Rafael Olvera, Brito, Carlos Gerardo Cantu, Valenzuela, Eduardo Julian Jose Roberto Chuquiure, Sanchez, Roxana Reyes, Bazzoni Ruiz, Alberto Esteban, Lopez Ruiz, Oscar Martin, Nava, Roberto Arriaga, Morales Cerda, Jesus David, Campos, Pedro Fajardo, Gonzalez, Mario Benavides, Lenz, Kurt, Hagn, Claus, Foechterle, Johannes, Drexel, Heinz, Huber, Kurt, Podczeck-Schweighofer, Andrea, Winkler, Michael, Schneeweiss, Bruno, Gegenhuber, Alfons, Lang, Wilfried, Eichinger-Hasenauer, Sabine, Kaserer, Peter, Sykora, Josef, Rasch, Heribert, Strohmer, Bernhard, Capiau, Luc, Vervoort, Geert, Wollaert, Bart, Hollanders, Geert, Vercammen, Jan, Faes, Dirk, Balthazar, Yohan, Delforge, Marc, Xhaet, Olivier, Striekwold, Harry, Thoeng, John, Hermans, Kurt, Mairesse, Georges, Anné, Wim, Blankoff, Ivan, Beutels, Michel, Verstraete, Stefan, Vandergoten, Peter, Purnode, Philippe, Godart, Pascal, Boussy, Tim, Desfontaines, Philippe, Heyse, Alex, Voet, Joeri, De Wolf, Axel, Zidkova, Eva, Spacek, Rudolf, Machova, Vilma, Ludka, Ondrej, Olsr, Josef, Kotik, Lubos, Racz, Blazej, Ferkl, Richard, Hubac, Jan, Kotik, Ilja, Monhart, Zdenek, Burianova, Hana, Jerabek, Ondrej, Pisova, Jana, Petrova, Iveta, Dedek, Vratislav, Honkova, Michaela, Podrazil, Petr, Reichert, Petr, Spinar, Jindrich, Novak, Miroslav, Durdil, Vaclav, Plocova, Katarina, Lastuvka, Jiri, Nielsen, Jørn, Husted, Steen, Dominguez, Helena, Hintze, Ulrik, Rasmussen, Søren, Sygehus, Næstved, Bremmelgaard, Arne, Markenvard, John, Børger, Jan, Solgaard, Jorgen, Eriksen, Ebbe, Løkkegaard, Thomas, Bruun, Michael, Mertz, Jacob, Schou, Morten, Olsen, Michael, Airaksinen, K E Juhani, Paganelli, Franck, Ohayon, Joël, Casassus, Frédéric, Galinier, Michel, Gottwalles, Yannick, Loiselet, Philippe, Muller, Jean-Joseph, Koujan, Mohamed Bassel, Marquand, André, Destrac, Sylvain, Piot, Olivier, Delarche, Nicolas, Cebron, Jean-Pierre, Guenoun, Maxime, Guedj-Meynier, Dominique, Lokesh, A G, Zuber, Mathieu, Amarenco, Pierre, Ellie, Emmanuel, Kadouch, James, Fournier, Pierre-Yves, Huberman, Jean-Pierre, Lemaire, Nestor, Rodier, Gilles, Vandamme, Xavier, Sibon, Igor, Neau, Jean-Philippe, Mahagne, Marie Hélène, Mielot, Antoine, Bonnefoy, Marc, Churet, Jean-Baptiste, Navarre, Vincent, Sellem, Frederic, Monniot, Gilles, Boyes, Jean-Paul, Doucet, Bernard, Martelet, Michel, Obadia, Désiré, Crousillat, Bernard, Mouallem, Joseph, Bearez, Etienne, Brugnaux, Jean Philippe, Fedorowsky, Alain, Nazeyrollas, Pierre, Berneau, Jean-Baptiste, Chemin, Frédéric, Schellong, Sebastien, Koeniger, Georg, Kopf, Andreas, Gerbaulet, Uwe, Kellner, Bernd-Thomas, Schaefer, Thomas, Purr, Jan, Eißfeller, Enno, Zauzig, Heinz-Dieter, Riegel, Peter, Axthelm, Christoph, Heinz, Gerd-Ulrich, Menke, Holger, Pustelnik, Andreas, Zutz, Stefan, Eder, Wolfgang, Rehling, Guenter, Glatzel, Dirk, Ludwig, Norbert, Sandow, Petra, Wiswedel, Henning, Wildenauer, Cosmas, Schoen, Steffen, Schwarz, Toralf, Babyesiza, Adyeri, Kropp, Maximilian, Zimny, Hans-Hermann, Kahl, Friedhelm, Caspar, Andreas, Omankowsky, Sabine, Laessig, Torsten, Hartmann, Hermann-Josef, Lehmann, Gunter, Bindig, Hans-Walter, Hergdt, Gunter, Reimer, Dietrich, Hauk, Joachim, Michel, Holger, Dres, Praxis, Erdle, Werner, Dorsch, Wilfried, Dshabrailov, Janna, Rapp, Karl-Albrecht, Vormann, Reinhold, Mueller, Thomas, Mayer, Peter, Horstmeier, Uwe, Eissing, Volker, Hey, Heinz, Leuchtgens, Heinz, Lilienweiss, Volker, Mueller, Heiner, Schubert, Christian, Lauer, Herrmann, Buchner, Thomas, Brauer, Gunter, Kamin, Susanne, Mueller, Karsten, Baumbach, Sylvia, Abdel-Qader, Muwafeg, Ebert, Hans-Holger, Schwencke, Carsten, Bernhardt, Peter, Karolyi, Laszlo, Sievers, Britta, Haverkamp, Wilhelm, Roehnisch, Jens-Uwe, Vertes, Andras, Szantai, Gabor, Matoltsy, Andras, Kanakaridisz, Nikosz, Boda, Zoltan, Kis, Erno, Gaszner, Balazs, Juhasz, Ferenc, Juhasz, Gizella, Kancz, Sandor, Laszlo, Zoltan, May, Zsolt, Merkely, Bela, Noori, Ebrahim, Habon, Tamas, Polgar, Peter, Szalai, Gabriella, Vangel, Sandor, Nagy, Andras, Engelthaler, Gabriella, Ferenczi, Judit, Egyutt, Mihaly, Martini, Giuliana, Cristina, Leone Maria, Tiraferri, Eros, Santoro, Rita, Testa, Sophie, Di Minno, Giovanni, Moia, Marco, Caimi, Teresa Maria, Tessitori, Maria, Cappelli, Roberto, Poli, Daniela, Quintavalla, Roberto, Cosmi, Franco, Fanelli, Raffaele, Oriana, Vincenzo, Reggio, Raffaele, Santi, Roberto, Pancaldi, Leonardo, De Cristofaro, Raimondo, Guazzaloca, Giuliana, De Blasio, Angelo, Uriate, Jorge Salerno, Lillo, Flavia, Pogliani, Enrico Maria, Bilo, Grzegorz, Accogli, Michele, Mariani, Antonio, Feola, Mauro, Raisaro, Arturo, Fattore, Luciano, Mauric, Andrea, Germini, Fabrizio, Tedeschi, Luca, Settimi, Maria, Nicoli, Sergio, Ricciarini, Paolo, Argena, Antonio, Ronchini, Paolo, Bulla, Claudio, Tradati, Filippo, Volpe, Massimo, D’Avino, Maria, Bongiorni, Maria Grazia, Severi, Silva, Capucci, Alessandro, Lodigiani, Corrado, Salomone, Enrico, Serviddio, Gaetano, Tondo, Claudio, Golino, Paolo, Mazzone, Carmine, Iacopino, Saverio, ten Cate, Hugo, Ruiter, J H, Lucassen, Andreas, Adriaansen, Henk, Bongaerts, Maarten, Pieterse, Mathijs, van Guldener, Coen, Herrman, Johannes, Nierop, S H K P R, Hoogslag, Pieter, Hermans, Walter, Groenemeijer, B E, Terpstra, W, Buiks, Cees, Boersma, L V A, Berge, Eivind, Sirnes, Per Anton, Gjertsen, Erik, Hole, Torstein, Erga, Knut, Hallaråker, Arne, Skjelvan, Gunnar, Østrem, Anders, Ghezai, Beraki, Svilaas, Arne, Christersson, Peter, Øien, Torbjørn, Henrichsen, Svein Høegh, Otterstad, Jan Erik, Berg-Johansen, Jan, Gieroba, Andrzej, Biedrzycka, Malgorzata, Ogorek, Michal, Wozakowska-Kaplon, Beata, Loboz-Grudzien, Krystyna, Supinski, Wieslaw, Kuzniar, Jerzy, Zaluska, Roman, Hiczkiewicz, Jaroslaw, Swiatkowska-Byczynska, Lucyna, Kucharski, Lech, Gruchala, Marcin, Minc, Piotr, Olszewski, Maciej, Kania, Grzegorz, Krzciuk, Malgorzata, Lajkowski, Zbigniew, Ostrowska-Pomian, Bozenna, Lewczuk, Jerzy, Zinka, Elzbieta, Karczmarczyk, Agnieszka, Chmielnicka-Pruszczynska, Malgorzata, Wozniak-Skowerska, Iwona, Opolski, Grzegorz, Bronisz, Marek, Ogorek, Marcin, Glanowska, Grazyna, Ruszkowski, Piotr, Skonieczny, Grzegorz, Sciborski, Ryszard, Okopien, Boguslaw, Kukla, Piotr, Galbas, Krzysztof, Cymerman, Krzysztof, Jurowiecki, Jaroslaw, Miekus, Pawel, Myszka, Waldemar, Mazur, Stanislaw, Lysek, Roman, Baszak, Jacek, Rusicka-Piekarz, Teresa, Raczak, Grzegorz, Domanska, Ewa, Nessler, Jadwiga, Lesnik, Jozef, Eltishcheva, Vera, Libis, Roman, Kamalov, Gadel, Belenky, Dmitry, Egorova, Liudmila, Khokhlov, Alexander, Yakupov, Eduard, Zateyshchikov, Dmitry, Barbarash, Olga, Miller, Olga, Mazur, Evgeniy, Zrazhevskiy, Konstantin, Novikova, Tatyana, Moiseeva, Yulia, Polkanova, Elena, Sobolev, Konstantin, Rossovskaya, Maria, Shapovalova, Yulia, Kolesnikova, Alla, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Zemlianskaia, Oksana, Zateyshchikova, Anna, Kostenko, Victor, Popov, Sergey, Poltavskaya, Maria, Edin, Anton, Aleksandrova, Elena, Drapkina, Oksana, Vishnevsky, Alexander, Nagibovich, Oleg, Chizhov, Petr, Rachkova, Svetlana, Sergeev, Mikhail, Kurylo, Borys, Ushakov, Alexey, Vinolas, Xavier, Garcia, Pere Alvarez, Lopez Fernandez, Maria Fernanda, Sanchez, Luis Tercedor, Iparraguirre, Salvador Tranche, Monserrat, Pere Toran, Contreras, Emilio Marquez, Rafecas, Jordi Isart, Carrasco, Juan Motero, Pavia, Pablo Garcia, Pajuelo, Casimiro Gomez, Rincon Diaz, Luis Miguel, Iglesias Alonso, Luis Fernando, Ruiz, Angel Grande, Klein, Jordi Merce, Gonzalez Juanatey, Jose Ramon, Collado, Ines Monte, Piquero, Herminia Palacin, Cuixart, Carles Brotons, Escobar, Esther Fernandez, Bayo i Llibre, Joan, Vicente, Cecilia Corros, Gutierrez, Manuel Vida, Gonzalo, Francisco Epelde, Almeida Fernandez, Carlos Alexandre, Navarro, Encarnacion Martinez, Alia, Juan Jose Montero, Gonzalez, Maria Barreda, Oliva, Maria Angels Moleiro, Sanmartin, Jose Iglesias, Gonzalez, Mercedes Jimenez, Alvarez, Maria del Mar Rodriguez, Melenchon, Juan Herreros, Vera, Tomas Ripoll, Navarro, Manuel Jimenez, Caamano, Maria Vazquez, Arcocha Torres, Maria Fe, Gomez, Gonzalo Marcos, Romo, Andres Iniguez, Prieto Diaz, Miguel Angel, Rosenqvist, Mårten, Wirdby, Alexander, Lindén, Jan, Henriksson, Kerstin, Elmersson, Micael, Egilsson, Arnor, Börjesson, Ulf, Svärd, Gunnar, Liu, Bo, Lindh, Anders, Olsson, Lars-Bertil, Gustavsson, Mikael, Andersson, Lars, Benson, Lars, Bothin, Claes, Hajimirsadeghi, Ali, Martinsson, Björn, Ericsson, Marianne, Ohlsson, Åke, Lindvall, Håkan, Svensson, Peter, Thörne, Katarina, Händel, Hans, Platonov, Pyotr, Bernsten, Fredrik, Timberg, Ingar, Crisby, Milita, Karlsson, Jan-Erik, Andersson, Agneta, Malmqvist, Lennart, Engdahl, Johan, Thulin, Jörgen, Hot-Bjelak, Aida, Jensen, Steen, Stalby, Per, Debrunner, Johann, Beer, Juerg H, Shah, Dipen, Rudyk, Iurii, Tseluyko, Vira, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Zhurba, Svitlana, Kraiz, Igor, Parkhomenko, Oleksandr, Kupnovytska, Iryna, Seredyuk, Nestor, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Ushakov, Oleksiy, Koval, Olena, Kovalskiy, Igor, Svyshchenko, Yevgeniya, Sychov, Oleg, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Yagensky, Andriy, Tykhonova, Susanna, Fushtey, Ivan, Murdoch, Will, Chauhan, Naresh, Goodwin, Daryl, Lumley, Louise, Patel, Ramila, Saunders, Philip, Wong, Bennett, Cameron, Alex, Patel, Niranjan, Jhittay, P, Ross, Andrew, Kainth, M S, Ladha, Karim, Douglas, Kevin, Pickavance, Gill, McDonnell, Joanna, Handscombe, Laura, Gooding, Trevor, Wagner, Helga, Bradshaw, Colin, Bromham, Catherine, Jones, Kevin, Suryani, Shoeb, Coates, Richard, Sarai, Bhupinder, Willcock, W, Sircar, S, Cairns, John, Gilliand, A, Bilas, Roman, Strieder, E, Hutchinson, Peter, Wakeman, Anne, Stokes, Michael, Kirby, Graham, Vishwanathan, Bhaskhar, Bird, Nigel, Evans, Paul, Clark, M, Bisatt, John, Litchfield, Jennifer, Fisher, E, Fooks, Tim, Kelsall, Richard, Paul, Neil, Alborough, Elizabeth, Aziz, Michael, Ramesh, C, Wilson, Pete, Franklin, Simon, Fairhead, Sue, Thompson, Julian, Chowan, Hasan, Taylor, Gary, Tragen, Dawn, Parfitt, Matt, Seamark, Claire, Paul, Carolyn, Richardson, Mark, Jefferies, Angus, Sharp, Helen, Jones, Hywel, Giles, Claire, Bramley, Matthew, Williams, Philip, Aldegather, Jehad, Wetherell, Simon, Lumb, William, Evans, Phil, Scouller, Frances, Macey, Neil, Rogers, Stephen, Stipp, Yvette, West, Richard, Pinney, Philip, Wadeson, Paul, Matthews, John, Pandya, Preeti, Gallagher, Andrew, Railton, T, Davies, Emyr, McClure, Jonathan, Jacobs, Marc, Hutton, Claire, Thompson, R, Sinha, Bijoy, Butter, Keith, Barrow, Susan, Little, Helen, Russell, David, Choudhary, Ulka, Haq, Ikram, Ainsworth, Paul, Jones, Claire, Weeks, Phil, Eden, Jane, Gibbons, Lisa, Glencross, Janet, MacLeod, Alison, Poland, K, Mulolland, Conor, Warke, A, Conn, Paul, Burns, D, Smith, R, Kamath, R, Webster, Jonathan, Hodgins, Ian, Vercoe, Stephen, Roome, Paul, Pinnock, Hilary, Patel, Jayesh, Ali, Amar, Hart, Nigel, Davies, Richard, De-Sousa, Nigel, Neden, Catherine, Danielsen, Mark, Sharma, Purnima, Galloway, Sophia, Hawkins, Charlotte, Oliver, Raife, Aylward, Martin, Pattni, Mira, Irvine, Gordon, Ahmad, Shahid, Rothwell, Catherine, Choudhary, Fiaz, Khalaque, Sabrina, Short, Stephanie, Peters, Sharon, Coulson, Warwick, Roberts, Neil, Butler, Amy, Coates, Steven, Ward, Ben, Jackson, Daniel, Walton, Steve, Shepherd, Diane, Wong, Toh, Boon, Mark, Deacon, Melanie, Cornelius, David, Davies, Sarah, Frankel, Ben, Hargreaves, Nick, Choi, Henry, Sumner, Jon, Myhill, Tim, Estifanos, Salah, Geatch, Diane, Wilkinson, Justin, Veale, Richard, Forshaw, Karen, Hirst, Rob, Zaman, Kashif, Liley, Catherine, Wastling, Rebecca, McEleny, Paul, Beattie, Andre, Cooke, Philip, Wong, Mike, Pugsley, Mark, Dooldeniya, Chaminda, Rogers, Greg, Bennett, James, Jacobs, Polly, Muvva, Rajesh, Adam, Matthew, Fox, Robin, Thomas, Nicolas, Cartwright, Simon, Reed, Rory, Randfield, Simon, A’Court, Christine, Flynn, Ann, Halpin, Andrew, Dobson, Simon, Lomax, Louise, Nadaph, Minnal, Munro, Iain, Goram, Jane, Stoddart, Helen, Simmons, Phil, Shewring, John, Bowen-Simpkins, Emma, Rickenbach, Mark, Blenkhorn, Adam, Singh, Bhuwanendu, Astridge, Penny, van Gaal, William, Abhayaratna, Walter, Thomson, Philip, Lehman, Ron, Kilian, Jens, Coulshed, David, Catanchin, Andrei, Colquhoun, David, Kiat, Hosen, Eccleston, David, French, John, Ayres, Bronte, Blombery, Peter, Phan, Thanh, Rogers, James, O’Donnell, David, Bae, Sang Cheol, Carroll, Patrick, Starmer, Greg, Arstall, Margaret, Binnekamp, Maurits, Lee, Astin, Luton, Robert, Gupta, Milan, Pandey, Amritanshu Shekhar, Cheung, Stephen, Leader, Rolland, Beaudry, Philippe, Ayala-Paredes, Félix, Berlingieri, Joseph, Heath, John, Poirier, Germain, du Preez, Miranda, Schweitzer, Bradley, Nadeau, Reginald, Dhillon, Ripple, Hruczkowski, Tomasz, Lavoie, Andrea, Parkash, Ratika, Cha, James, Coutu, Benoit, MacDonald, Paul, Ramjattan, Brian, Bonet, Jorge, Vizel, Saul, Angaran, Paul, Fikry, Sameh, Mowafy, Ahmed, Katta, Azza, Tawfik, Mazen, Nawar, Moustafa, Sobhy, Mohamed, Abou Seif, Seif Kamal, Khairy, Tarek, El-Aziz, Ahmed Abd, Taha, Nasser, Reda, Ashraf, Elbahry, Atef, Setiha, Mohamed, El Din, Mohamed Gamal, Elkhadem, Magdi, El-Etreby, Adel, Kettles, David, Bayat, Junaid, Siebert, Heidi, Horak, Adrian, Kelfkens, Ynez, Garda, Riaz, Pillay, Thayabran, Guerra, Michele, van Zyl, Louis, Theron, Hendrik, Murray, Andrew, Louw, Rikus, Greyling, Deon, Mntla, Pindile, Ismail, Siddique, Ahmed, Fayzal, Engelbrecht, Johannes, Maharajh, Shambu, Oosthuysen, Wessel, Loghdey, Rehana, Ueckermann, Veronica, Al Naeemi, Abdullah, Yousef, Ghazi, Bazargani, Nooshin, AlOmairi, Munther, Maruthanayagam, Rajan, Singh, Rupesh, Naguib, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Mohamed, Agrawal, Amrish, Nathani, Mukesh, Esheiba, Ehab M, Wassef, Adel, Gupta, Rajeev, Cox, Michael, Beach, Scott, Duffy, Peter, Falkowski, Stephen, Ferrick, Kevin, Franco, Miguel, Kutayli, W Michael, Quick, Annette, Sharma, Niraj, Wilson, Vance, Miller, Stephen, Alberts, Mark, Blumberg, Edwin, Canosa, Roddy, Gutowski, Ted, Ison, Rodney, Garcia, Jorge, Mullen, Paul, Noveck, Howard, Rama, Pamela, Reddy, Rajneesh, Williams, Marcus, Nishijima, Daniel, Ferdinand, Keith, Haque, Ihsan, Mendelson, Robert, Pitta, Sridevi, Theodoro, Daniel, Treasure, Charles, Moustafa, Moustafa, Cader, Cas, Pharr, Walter, Oropallo, Alisha, Platt, George, Gujral, Jaspal, Welker, James, and Koura, Firas

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Electric Countershock, Therapeutics, Cardioversion, Lower risk, Cause of Death, Internal medicine, Atrial Fibrillation, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Registries, Propensity Score, Stroke, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Research, Anticoagulant, Hazard ratio, Atrial fibrillation, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Propensity score matching, Cardiology, Female, business, RC
Abstract

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent cardioversion compared with those who did not have cardioverson in a large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation. DESIGN Observational study using prospectively collected registry data (Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-AF-GARFIELD-AF). SETTING 1317 participating sites in 35 countries. PARTICIPANTS 52 057 patients aged 18 years and older with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (up to six weeks' duration) and at least one investigator determined stroke risk factor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparisons were made between patients who received cardioversion and those who had no cardioversion at baseline, and between patients who received direct current cardioversion and those who had pharmacological cardioversion. Overlap propensity weighting with Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the effect of cardioversion on clinical endpoints (all cause mortality, non-haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, and major bleeding), adjusting for baseline risk and patient selection. RESULTS 44 201 patients were included in the analysis comparing cardioversion and no cardioversion, and of these, 6595 (14.9%) underwent cardioversion at baseline. The propensity score weighted hazard ratio for all cause mortality in the cardioversion group was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.63 to 0.86) from baseline to one year follow-up and 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) from one year to two year follow-up. Of the 6595 patients who had cardioversion at baseline, 299 had a follow-up cardioversion more than 48 days after enrolment. 7175 patients were assessed in the analysis comparing type of cardioversion: 2427 (33.8%) received pharmacological cardioversion and 4748 (66.2%) had direct current cardioversion. During one year follow-up, event rates (per 100 patient years) for all cause mortality in patients who received direct current and pharmacological cardioversion were 1.36 (1.13 to 1.64) and 1.70 (1.35 to 2.14), respectively. OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent cardioversion compared with those who did not have cardioverson in a large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation. DESIGN Observational study using prospectively collected registry data (Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-AF-GARFIELD-AF). SETTING 1317 participating sites in 35 countries. PARTICIPANTS 52 057 patients aged 18 years and older with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (up to six weeks' duration) and at least one investigator determined stroke risk factor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparisons were made between patients who received cardioversion and those who had no cardioversion at baseline, and between patients who received direct current cardioversion and those who had pharmacological cardioversion. Overlap propensity weighting with Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the effect of cardioversion on clinical endpoints (all cause mortality, non-haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, and major bleeding), adjusting for baseline risk and patient selection. RESULTS 44 201 patients were included in the analysis comparing cardioversion and no cardioversion, and of these, 6595 (14.9%) underwent cardioversion at baseline. The propensity score weighted hazard ratio for all cause mortality in the cardioversion group was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.63 to 0.86) from baseline to one year follow-up and 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) from one year to two year follow-up. Of the 6595 patients who had cardioversion at baseline, 299 had a follow-up cardioversion more than 48 days after enrolment. 7175 patients were assessed in the analysis comparing type of cardioversion: 2427 (33.8%) received pharmacological cardioversion and 4748 (66.2%) had direct current cardioversion. During one year follow-up, event rates (per 100 patient years) for all cause mortality in patients who received direct current and pharmacological cardioversion were 1.36 (1.13 to 1.64) and 1.70 (1.35 to 2.14), respectively. CONCLUSION In this large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation, a small proportion were treated with cardioversion. Direct current cardioversion was performed twice as often as pharmacological cardioversion, and there appeared to be no major difference in outcome events for these two cardioversion modalities. For the overall cardioversion group, after adjustments for confounders, a significantly lower risk of mortality was found in patients who received early cardioversion compared with those who did not receive early cardioversion. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01090362.

Published
2021

7. Homocysteine clearance and methylation flux rates in health and end-stage renal disease: association with S-adenosylhomocysteine

Author

Stam, Frank, van Guldener, Coen, ter Wee, Piet M., Kulik, Willem, Smith, Desiree E.C., Jakobs, Cornelis, Stehouwer, Coen D.A., and de Meer, Kees

Subjects
Isotopes -- Research, Homocysteine -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and occurs frequently in end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but its pathogenesis is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate one-carbon flux rates of methionine and homocysteine (Hcy) in ESRD patients and healthy controls. Transmethylation (TM), remethylation (RAM), and transsulfuration (TS), as well as Hcy clearance by TS (i.e., TS/plasma total Hcy concentration) and by RM (i.e., RM/plasma total Hcy concentration) were evaluated in relation to body composition, vitamins, and S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) and S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) levels. After a fixed protein diet for 3 days, primed-continuous infusion of [[sup.2][H.sub.3]methyl-1-[sup.13]C]methionine was performed in the postabsorptive state in 12 hemodialysis patients and 16 healthy volunteers. Hcy clearance by TS (-80%, P < 0.001) and by RM (-77%, P < 0.001) in ESRD patients was decreased compared with healthy controls. The absolute flux rates of TM (-27%, P < 0.01) and RM (-28%, P = 0.02) were lower in the ESRD patients. After adjustment for age, TS was not significantly reduced. Whole blood AdoHcy was significantly elevated in ESRD and was a significant determinant of TM (standardized [beta] = - 1.24, P - 0.01) and RM (standardized [beta] = - 1.43, P = 0.03). In conclusion, patients with ESRD have impaired Hey clearance by TS and RM. Elevated whole blood AdoHcy levels are associated with impaired RM and TM flux rates in these patients, and AdoHcy may be a key regulatory compound in one-carbon flux. stable isotopes; S-adenosylmethionine; transsulfuration; remethylation; transmethylation

Published
2004

13. Effect of a Treatment Strategy Consisting of Pravastatin, Vitamin E, and Homocysteine Lowering on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Endothelial Function, and Renal Function in Patients With Mild to Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease: Results From the Anti-Oxidant Therapy in Chronic Renal Insufficiency (ATIC) Study

Author

Nanayakkara, Prabath W. B., van Guldener, Coen, ter Wee, Piet M., Scheffer, Peter G., van Ittersum, Frans J., Twisk, Jos W., Teerlink, Tom, van Dorp, Wim, and Stehouwer, Coen D. A.

Published
2007

30. Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation and History of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Insights from GARFIELD-AF

Author

Butler, Amy, Elmersson, Micael, Egilsson, Arnor, Borjesson, Ulf, Svard, Gunnar, Liu, Bo, Lindh, Anders, Olsson, Lars-Bertil, Gustaysson, Mikael, Andersson, Lars, Benson, Lars, Bothin, Claes, Hajimirsadeghi, Ali, Martinsson, Bjorn, Ericsson, Marianne, Ohlsson, Ake, Lindvall, Hakan, Svensson, Peter, Thorne, Katarina, Handel, Hans, Platonov, Pyotr, Bernsten, Fredrik, Timberg, Ingar, Crisby, Milita, Karlsson, Jan-Erik, Andersson, Agneta, Malmqvist, Lennart, Engdahl, Johan, Thulin, Jorgen, Hot-Bjelak, Aida, Jensen, Steen, Debrunner, Johann, Beer, Juerg H., Shah, Dipen, Rudyk, Iurii, Tseluyko, Vira, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Zhurba, Svitlana, Kraiz, Igor, Parkhomenko, Oleksandr, Kupnovytska, Iryna, Seredyuk, Nestor, Mostovoy, Yuriy, Ushakov, Oleksiy, Koval, Olena, Kovalskiy, Igor, Svyshchenko, Yevgeniya, Sychov, Oleg, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Tykhonova, Susanna, Fushtey, Ivan, Murdoch, Will, Chauhan, Naresh, Goodwin, Daryl, Lumley, Louise, Patel, Ramila, Saunders, Philip, Wong, Bennett, Patel, Niranjan, Jhittay, P., Ross, Andrew, Kainth, M. S., Ladha, Karim, Douglas, Kevin, Pickavance, Gill, McDonnell, Joanna, Handscombe, Laura, Gooding, Trevor, Wagner, Helga, Bradshaw, Colin, Bromham, Catherine, Jones, Kevin, Suryani, Shoeb, Coates, Richard, Sarai, Bhupinder, Willcock, W., Sircar, S., Cairns, John, Gilliand, A., Bilas, Roman, Strieder, E., Hutchinson, Peter, Wakeman, Anne, Stokes, Michael, Kirby, Graham, Vishwanathan, Bhaskhar, Vormann, Reinhold, Mueller, Thomas, Mayer, Peter, Horstmeier, Uwe, Eissing, Volker, Hey, Heinz, Leuchtgens, Heinz, Lilienweiss, Volker, Mueller, Heiner, Schubert, Christian, Lauer, Hellmann, Buchner, Thomas, Brauer, Gunter, Kamin, Susanne, Mueller, Karsten, Baumbach, Sylvia, Abdel-Qader, Muwafeg, Ebert, Hans-Holger, Schwencke, Carsten, Bernhardt, Peter, Karolyi, Laszlo, Sievers, Britta, Haverkamp, Wilhelm, Roehnisch, Jens-Uwe, Vertes, Andras, Szantai, Gabor, Menke, Holger, Matoltsy, Andras, Kanakaridisz, Nikosz, Boda, Zoltan, Kis, Erno, Gaszner, Balazs, Juhasz, Ferenc, Kamogawa, Yasuyuki, Fournier, Pierre-Yves, Muller, Jean-Joseph, Marquand, Andre, Delarche, Nicolas, Bantwal, Ganapathi, Faes, Dirk, Verstraete, Stefan, Dominguez, Helena, Topsakal, Ramazan, Centurion, Nestor, Alfredo Sinisi, Victor, Minc, Piotr, Nagy, Andras, Bilo, Grzegorz, Bongiorni, Maria Grazia, Bird, Nigel, Paul, Carolyn, Wadeson, Paul, Hargreaves, Nick, Kostenko, Victor, Tercedor Sanchez, Luis, Tranche Iparraguirre, Salvador, Jimenez Gonzalez, Mercedes, Herreros Melenchon, Juan, Stalby, Per, Yagensky, Andriy, Cameron, Alex, Jacobs, Polly, Juhasz, Gizella, Kancz, Sandor, Laszlo, Zoltan, May, Zsolt, Astridge, Penny, Loghdey, Rehana, Quick, Annette, Yang, Ping, Chen, Yingmin, He, Shenghu, Wang, Yong, Fu, Guosheng, Li, Xin, Wu, Tongguo, Cheng, Xiaoshu, Yan, Xiaowei, Zhao, Ruiping, Chen, Moshui, Xiong, Longgen, Chen, Ping, Jiao, Yang, Guo, Ying, Xue, Li, Yang, Zhiming, Jadhavm, Praveen, Merkely, Bela, Noon, Ebrahim, Habon, Tamas, Polgar, Peter, Szalai, Gabriella, Vangel, Sandor, Sarma, Raghava, Kulkarni, Govind, Engelthaler, Gabriella, Ferenczi, Judit, Chandwani, Prakash, Pothiwala, Rasesh Atulbhai, Purayil, Mohanan Padinhare, Chawla, Kamaldeep, Verheugt, Freek W. A., Ambrosio, Giuseppe, Atar, Dan, Bassand, Jean-Pierre, Costabel, Juan Pablo, Goldhaber, Samuel Z., Goto, Shinya, Egyutt, Mihaly, Martini, Giuliana, Cristina, Leone Maria, Tirafern, Eros, Santoro, Rita, Testa, Sophie, Di Minno, Giovanni, Moia, Marco, Caimi, Teresa Maria, Tessitori, Maria, Cappelli, Roberto, Accogli, Michele, Mariani, Antonio, Feola, Mauro, Raisaro, Arturo, Fattore, Luciano, Mauric, Andrea, Germini, Fabrizio, Tedeschi, Luca, Settimi, Maria, Nicoli, Sergio, Ricciarini, Paolo, Argena, Antonio, Ronchini, Paolo, Bulla, Claudio, Tradati, Filippo, Volpe, Massimo, Avino, Maria D., Seven, Silva, Capucci, Alessandro, Lodigiani, Corrado, Salomone, Enrico, Serviddio, Gaetano, Tondo, Claudio, Golino, Paolo, Mazzone, Carmine, Iacopino, Saverio, Ruiter, J. H., Lucassen, Andreas, Adriaansen, Henk, Bongaerts, Maarten, Pieterse, Mathijs, van Guldener, Coen, Herrman, Johannes, Nierop, S. H. K. P. R., Hoogslag, Pieter, Hermans, Walter, Groenemeijer, B. E., Terpstra, W., Buiks, Cees, Boersma, L. V. A., Berge, Eivind, Sirnes, Per Anton, Gjertsen, Erik, Hole, Torstein, Erga, Knut, Hallaraker, Arne, Skjelvan, Gunnar, Ostrem, Anders, Ghezai, Beraki, Svilaas, Arne, Christersson, Peter, Oien, Torbjorn, Henrichsen, Svein Hoegh, Otterstad, Jan Erik, Berg-Johansen, Jan, Gieroba, Andrzej, Biedrzycka, Malgorzata, Ogorek, Michal, Wozakowska-Kaplon, Beata, Loboz-Grudzien, Krystyna, Jaroslaw, Jaroslaw, Supinski, Wieslaw, Kuzniar, Jerzy, Zaluska, Roman, Hiczkiewicz, Jaroslaw, Swiatkowska-Byczynska, Lucyna, Kucharski, Lech, Gruchala, Marcin, Olszewski, Maciej, Kania, Grzegorz, Krzciuk, Malgorzata, Lajkowski, Zbigniew, Ostrowska-Pomian, Bozenna, Lewczuk, Jerzy, Zinka, Elzbieta, Karczmarczyk, Agnieszka, Chmielnicka-Pruszczynska, Malgorzata, Wozniak-Skowerska, Iwona, Opolski, Grzegorz, Bronisz, Marek, Ogorek, Marcin, Glanowska, Grazyna, Ruszkowski, Piotr, Skonieczny, Grzegorz, Sciborski, Ryszard, Okopien, Boguslaw, Kukla, Piotr, Galbas, Krzysztof, Cymerman, Krzysztof, Jurowiecki, Jaroslaw, Miekus, Pawel, Myszka, Waldemar, Mazur, Stanislaw, Lysek, Roman, Baszak, Jacek, Rusicka-Piekarz, Teresa, Raczak, Grzegorz, Domanska, Ewa, Nessler, Jadwiga, Catanchin, Andrei, Colquhoun, David, Kiat, Hosen, Eccleston, David, French, John, Ayres, Bronte, Blombery, Peter, Phan, Thanh, Rogers, James, O'Donnell, David, Cheol, Sang, Carroll, Patrick, Starmer, Greg, Arstall, Margaret, Binnekamp, Maurits, Lee, Astin, Luton, Robert, Gupta, Milan, Pandey, Amritanshu Shekhar, Cheung, Stephen, Leader, Rolland, Beaudry, Philippe, Ayala-Paredes, Felix, Berlingieri, Joseph, Heath, John, Poirier, Germain, du Preez, Miranda, Schweitzer, Bradley, Nadeau, Reginald, Dhillon, Ripple, Hruczkowski, Tomasz, Lavoie, Andrea, Parkash, Ratika, Cha, James, Coutu, Benoit, MacDonald, Paul, Ramjattan, Brian, Bonet, Jorge, Vizel, Saul, Angaran, Paul, Fikry, Sameh, Mowafy, Ahmed, Katta, Azza, Tawfik, Mazen, Nawar, Moustafa, Sobhy, Mohamed, Abou Seif, Seif Kamal, Khairy, Tarek, Abd El-Aziz, Ahmed, Taha, Nasser, Reda, Ashraf, Elbahry, Atef, Setiha, Mohamed, El Din, Mohamed Gamal, Elkhadem, Magdi, El-Etreby, Adel, Kettles, David, Bayat, Junaid, Siebert, Heidi, Horak, Adrian, Kelfkens, Ynez, Garda, Riaz, Pillay, Thayabran, Guerra, Michele, van Zyl, Louis, Theron, Hendrik, Murray, Andrew, Louw, Rikus, Greyling, Deon, Mntla, Pindile, Ismail, Siddique, Ahmed, Fayzal, Engelbrecht, Johannes, Maharajh, Shambu, Oosthuysen, Wessel, Ueckermann, Veronica, Al Naeemi, Abdullah, Yousef, Ghazi, Bazargani, Nooshin, Alomairi, Munther, Maruthanayagam, Rajan, Singh, Rupesh, Naguib, Ahmed, Ibrahim, Mohamed, Agrawal, Amrish, Nathani, Mukesh, Esheiba, Ehab M., Wassef, Adel, Gupta, Rajeev, Cox, Michael, Beach, Scott, Duffy, Peter, Falkowski, Stephen, Ferrick, Kevin, Franco, Miguel, Kutayli, W. Michael, Sharma, Niraj, Wilson, Vance, Miller, Stephen, Alberts, Mark, Blumberg, Edwin, Canosa, Roddy, Gutowski, Ted, Ison, Rodney, Garcia, Jorge, Mullen, Paul, Noveck, Howard, Rama, Pamela, Reddy, Rajneesh, Williams, Marcus, Nishijima, Daniel, Ferdinand, Keith, Hague, Ihsan, Mendelson, Robert, Pitta, Sridevi, Theodoro, Daniel, Treasure, Charles, Moustafa, Moustafa, Cader, Cas, Pharr, Walter, Oropallo, Alisha, Platt, George, Gujral, Jaspal, Welker, James, Koura, Firas, Lesnik, Jozef, Eltishcheva, Vera, Libis, Roman, Kamalov, Gadel, Belenky, Dmitry, Egorova, Liudmila, Khokhlov, Alexander, Yakupov, Eduard, Zateyshchikov, Dmitry, Barbarash, Olga, Miller, Olga, Mazur, Evgeniy, Zrazhevskiy, Konstantin, Novikova, Tatyana, Moiseeva, Yulia, Polkanova, Elena, Sobolev, Konstantin, Rossovskaya, Maria, Shapovalova, Yulia, Kolesnikova, Alla, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Zemlianskaia, Oksana, Zateyshchikova, Anna, Popov, Sergey, Poltayskaya, Maria, Edin, Anton, Aleksandrova, Elena, Drapkina, Oksana, Vishnevsky, Alexander, Nagibovich, Oleg, Chizhov, Petr, Rachkova, Svetlana, Sergeev, Mikhail, Kurylo, Borys, Ushakov, Alexey, Alvarez Garcia, Pere, Lopez Fernandez, Maria Fernanda, Toran Monserrat, Pere, Marquez Contreras, Emilio, Isart Rafecas, Jordi, Motero Carrasco, Juan, Garcia Pavia, Pablo, Gomez Pajuelo, Casimiro, Rincon Diaz, Luis Miguel, Iglesias Alonso, Luis Fernando, Grande Ruiz, Angel, Merce Klein, Jordi, Gonzalez Juanatey, Jose Ramon, Monte Collado, Ines, Palacin Piquero, Herminia, Brotons Cuixart, Carles, Fernandez Escobar, Esther, Bayo i Llibre, Joan, Corros Vicente, Cecilia, Vida Gutierrez, Manuel, Evans, Paul, Clark, M., Bisatt, John, Litchfield, Jennifer, Fisher, E., Fooks, Tim, Kelsall, Richard, Paul, Neil, Alborough, Elizabeth, Aziz, Michael, Ramesh, C., Wilson, Pete, Franklin, Simon, Fairhead, Sue, Thompson, Julian, Chowan, Hasan, Taylor, Gary, Tragen, Dawn, Parfitt, Matt, Seamark, Claire, Richardson, Mark, Jefferies, Angus, Sharp, Helen, Jones, Hywel, Giles, Claire, Bramley, Matthew, Williams, Philip, Aldegather, Jehad, Wetherell, Simon, Lumb, William, Evans, Phil, Scouller, Frances, Macey, Neil, Rogers, Stephen, Stipp, Yvette, West, Richard, Pinney, Philip, Matthews, John, Pandya, Preeti, Gallagher, Andrew, Railton, T., Davies, Emyr, McClure, Jonathan, Jacobs, Marc, Hutton, Claire, Thompson, R., Sinha, Bijoy, Butter, Keith, Barrow, Susan, Little, Helen, Russell, David, Choudhary, Ulka, Haq, Ikram, Ainsworth, Paul, Jones, Claire, Weeks, Phil, Eden, Jane, Gibbons, Lisa, Glencross, Janet, MacLeod, Alison, Poland, K., Mulolland, Conor, Warke, A., Conn, Paul, Burns, D., Smith, R., Kamath, R., Webster, Jonathan, Hodgins, Ian, Vercoe, Stephen, Roome, Paul, Pinnock, Hilary, Patel, Jayesh, Ali, Amar, Hart, Nigel, Davies, Richard, De-Sousa, Nigel, Neden, Catherine, Danielsen, Mark, Sharma, Purnima, Galloway, Sophia, Hawkins, Charlotte, Oliver, Raife, Aylward, Martin, Pattni, Mira, Irvine, Gordon, Ahmad, Shahid, Rothwell, Catherine, Choudhary, Fiaz, Khalaque, Sabrina, Short, Stephanie, Peters, Sharon, Coulson, Warwick, Roberts, Neil, Coates, Steven, Ward, Ben, Jackson, Daniel, Walton, Steve, Shepherd, Diane, Wong, Toh, Boon, Mark, Deacon, Melanie, Cornelius, David, Davies, Sarah, Ben Frankel, Ben Frankel, Choi, Henry, Sumner, Jon, Myhill, Tim, Estifanos, Salah, Geatch, Diane, Wilkinson, Justin, Veale, Richard, Forshaw, Karen, Hirst, Rob, Zaman, Kashif, Liley, Catherine, Wastling, Rebecca, McEleny, Paul, Beattie, Andre, Cooke, Philip, Wong, Mike, Pugsley, Mark, Dooldeniya, Chaminda, Rogers, Greg, Bennett, James, Muvva, Rajesh, Adam, Matthew, Fox, Robin, Thomas, Nicolas, Cartwright, Simon, Reed, Rory, Randfield, Simon, ACourt, Christine, Flynn, Ann, Halpin, Andrew, Dobson, Simon, Lomax, Louise, Nadaph, Minnal, Goram, Jane, Stoddart, Helen, Simmons, Phil, Shewring, John, Bowen-Simpkins, Emma, Rickenbach, Mark, Munro, Iain, Blenkhorn, Adam, Singh, Bhuwanendu, van Gaal, William, Abhayaratna, Walter, Thomson, Philip, Lehman, Ron, Kilian, Jens, Coulshed, David, Camm, A. John, Fitzmaurice, David A., Illingworth, Laura, Kayani, Gloria, Kakkar, Ajay K., YILMAZ, MEHMET BİRHAN, Taga, Kuniaki, Techigawara, Masaaki, Igarashi, Mono, Watanabe, Hiroshi, Seo, Toshihiko, Hiramitsu, Shinya, Hosokawa, Hiroaki, Hoshiai, Mitsumoto, Hibino, Michitaka, Miyagawa, Koichi, Horie, Hideki, Turpie, Alexander G. G., van Eickels, Martin, Hacke, Werner, Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Misselwitz, Frank, Pieper, Karen S., Kayani, Glo-ria, Fox, Keith A. A., Gersh, Bernard J., Lucas Luciardi, Hector, Gibbs, Harry, Brodmann, Marianne, Cools, Frank, Pereira Barrett, Antonio Carlos, Connolly, Stuart J., Spyropoulos, Alex, Eikelboom, John, Corbalan, Ramon, Hu, Dayi, Nielsen, JOrn Dalsgaard, Ragy, Hany, Raatikainen, Pekka, Le Heuzey, Jean-Yves, Darius, Harald, Keltai, Matyas, Kakkar, Sanjay, Sawhney, Jitendra Pal Singh, Agnelli, Giancarlo, Koretsune, Yukihiro, Sanchez Diaz, Carlos Jerjes, Ten Cate, Hugo, Panchenko, Elizaveta, Lim, Toon Wei, Jacobson, Barry, Oh, Seil, Vinolas, Xavier, Rosenqvist, Marten, Steffel, Jan, Angchaisuksiri, Pantep, Oto, Ali, Parkhomenko, Alex, Al Mahmeed, Wael, Fitzmaurice, David, Chen, Kangning, Zhao, Yusheng, Zhang, Huaiqin, Chen, Jiyan, Cao, Shiping, Wang, Daowen, Yang, Yuejin, Li, Weihua, Li, Hui, Yin, Yuehui, Tao, Guizhou, Kothiwale, Veerappa Annasaheb, Kimura, Teruaki, Raghuraman, Bagirath, Vijan, Vinod Madan, Sawhney, Jitendra, Khan, Aziz, Meena, Ramdhan, Okuda, Fumio, Mizuguchi, Masato, Mukawa, Hiroaki, Chopada, Manojkumar, Abraham, Sunitha, Bisne, Vikas, Vijayaraghavan, Govindan, Roy, Debabrata, Durgaprasad, Rajashekhar, Shankar, A. G. Ravi, Kumar, Sunil, Jain, Dinesh, Bhargava, Kartikeya, Kumar, Vinay, Nagamalesh, Udigala Madappa, Rajput, Rajeeve Kumar, Kanamori, Seishu, Wada, Masamichi, Minagawa, Taro, Ishiguro, Motoyuki, Yamamoto, Kenichi, Kumagai, Koichiro, Katsuda, Yosuke, Yoshida, Keiki, Toyota, Fumitoshi, Mizuno, Yuji, Misumi, Ikuo, Noguchi, Hiroo, Ando, Shinichi, Suetsugu, Tetsuro, Minamoto, Masahiro, Oda, Hiroyuki, Adachi, Susumu, Chiba, Kei, Norita, Hiroaki, Tsuruta, Makoto, Koyanagi, Takeshi, Matsuta, Masahiro, Ito, Kenichiro, Nakano, Masayuki, Shibuya, Mitsuhiro, Stepinska, Janina, Jansky, Petr, Yamamoto, Kunihiko, Haas, Sylvia, Ando, Hiroshi, Higashi, Takayuki, Okada, Megumi, Azakami, Shiro, Komaki, Shinichiro, Kumeda, Kenshi, Murayama, Takashi, Matsumura, Jun, Oba, Yurika, Sonoda, Ryuji, Goto, Kazuo, Minoda, Kotaro, Haraguchi, Yoshikuni, Suefuji, Hisakazu, Miyagi, Hiroo, Kato, Hitoshi, Nakamura, Tsugihiro, Nakamura, Tadashi, Nandate, Hidekazu, Zaitsu, Ryuji, Fujiura, Yoshihisa, Yoshimura, Akira, Numata, Hiroyuki, Ogawa, Jun, Murakami, Kinshiro, Wakasa, Yutaka, Yamasawa, Masanori, Maekawa, Hiromitsu, Abe, Sumihisa, Kihara, Hajime, Tsunoda, Satoru, Saito, Katsumi, Tachibana, Hiroki, Oba, Ichiro, Kuwahata, Takashi, Higa, Satoshi, Gushiken, Masamichi, Eto, Takuma, Chibana, Hidetoshi, Fujisawa, Kazuaki, Shiga, Yuhei, Sumi, Hirokuni, Nagatomo, Toshihisa, Atsuchi, Yoshihiko, Nagoshi, Toshiro, Sanno, Kazuhisa, Hoshino, Fumihiro, Yokota, Naoto, Kameko, Masahiro, Tabuchi, Toshifumi, Ishizawa, Munesumi, Fujiura, Yoshitake, Ikeda, Daisuke, Seto, Taku, Iwao, Tetsu, Ishioka, Norio, Oshiro, Koichi, Tsuchida, Keizo, Hatori, Yutaka, Takeuchi, Motoshi, Takezawa, Hiroto, Kira, Tetsuya, Tada, Masato, Tsuzaki, Ken, Miura, Naoya, Fujisawa, Yasuaki, Furumoto, Wataru, Suzuki, Susumu, Fujisawa, Akinori, Nakamura, Ryosai, Komatsu, Hiroyasu, Fujiki, Rei, Kawano, Shuichi, Nishizawa, Keijiro, Kato, Yoji, Azuma, Junya, Yasui, Kiyoshi, Amano, Toshio, Sekine, Yasuhiro, Honzawa, Tatsuo, Koshibu, Yuichiro, Sakamoto, Yasuhide, Seta, Yukihiro, Miyaguchi, Shingo, Morishita, Kojuro, Samejima, Yasuko, Sasaki, Toyoshi, Iseki, Fumiko, Kobayashi, Toshiyuki, Kano, Hiroshi, Kim, Jaeyoung, Yamaguchi, Hiroshi, Takagi, Yoichi, Pearce, Yoko Onuki, Suzuki, Yasuyuki, Fukui, Takayuki, Nakayama, Toni, Kanai, Hideaki, Kawano, Yoshiyuki, Ino, Tetsuji, Miyoshi, Hironori, Miyamoto, Yasufumi, Shigekiyo, Masahito, Ono, Shimato, Okamoto, Yutaka, Ubukata, Satoshi, Kodera, Kojiro, Oriuchi, Tatsuo, Matsumoto, Naoki, Nagano, Shinjiro, Iwaki, Masaaki, Nakamura, Yuichiro, Miyamoto, Naomasa, Taguchi, Toshifumi, Ashida, Ko, Yoshizawa, Naoto, Agata, Jun, Matsukawa, Seishiro, Arasaki, Osamu, Fukuoka, Shuji, Murakami, Hirofumi, Mishima, Kazuya, Hata, Yoshiki, Sakuma, Ichiro, Obunai, Kotaro, Takamura, Ichiro, Akutsu, Mitsuyuki, Unoki, Toshihide, Go, Yoshinori, Ikemura, Makoto, Morii, Shoji, Marusaki, Shigem, Doi, Hideo, Tanaka, Mitsuru, Kusu-moto, Takaaki, Kakinoki, Shigeo, Ogurusu, Chiga, Murata, Kazuya, Shimoyama, Masaki, Nakatsuka, Masami, Kitami, Yutaka, Nakamura, Yoichi, Oda, Hiroshi, Oyama, Rikimaru, Ageta, Masato, Mita, Teruaki, Nagao, Kazuhiko, Mito, Takafumi, Minami, Junichi, Abe, Mitsunori, Fujii, Masako, Okawa, Makoto, Fujito, Tsuneo, Taniguchi, Toshiya, Ko, Tenei, Kubo, Hiroshi, Imamaki, Mizuho, Akiyama, Masahiro, Ueda, Takashi, Odakura, Hironori, Inagaki, Masahiko, Katsube, Yoshiki, Nakata, Atsuyuki, Tomimoto, Shinobu, Sugishita, Nobuyoshi, Shiga, Yukio, Soma, Akira, Neya, Kazuo, Yoshida, Tetsuro, Akahane, Kunio, Adachi, Sen, Takanaka, Chiei, Matsui, Saori, Kanda, Hirofumi, Kaneko, Masanori, Nagasaka, Shiro, Taguchi, Atsushi, Toru, Shuta, Saito, Kazuyuki, Miyashita, Akiko, Sasaguri, Hiroki, Nariyama, Jin, Hatsuno, Taketo, Iwase, Takash, Sato, Kazuki, Kawai, Kazuya, Kotani, Tomobumi, Tsuji, Tsuyoshi, Sakai, Hirosumi, Nishino, Kiyoshi, Ikeda, Kenichi, Maeda, Kazuo, Shinozuka, Tomohiro, Inoue, Takeshi, Kawakami, Koichi, Kitazumi, Hiromichi, Takagi, Tsutomu, Hamaoka, Mamoru, Kojima, Jisho, Sasaki, Akitoshi, Tsuchiya, Yoshihiro, Bet-suyaku, Tetsuo, Higuchi, Koji, Honda, Masaaki, Hasegawa, Koichi, Baba, Takao, Mineoi, Kazuaki, Koeda, Toshihiko, Hirasawa, Kunihiko, Kumazaki, Toshihide, Nakagomi, Akira, Otaki, Eiji, Shindo, Takashi, Hirayama, Hiroyoshi, Sugimoto, Chikako, Yamagishi, Takashi, Mizuguchi, Ichiro, Sezaki, Kazunori, Niwa, Isamu, Takenaka, Ken, Iiji, Osamu, Taya, Koichi, Kitazawa, Hitoshi, Ueda, Samu, Kakuda, Hirokazu, Ono, Takuya, Oriso, Seizo, Kamata, Junya, Nanke, Toshihiko, Maeda, Itaru, Matsuura, Yoshifusa, Teragawa, Hiroki, Maruyama, Yasuyuki, Takei, Kazuo, Hone, Hajime, Kito, Tetsu-taro, Asano, Hiroshi, Matsushita, Koji, Nakamura, Masaichi, Washizuka, Takashi, Yoshida, Tomoki, Sawano, Masato, Arima, Shinichi, Arai, Hidekazu, Shinohara, Hisanori, Takai, Hiroyuki, Furukawa, Nobufusa, Ota, Akira, Yamamoto, Kentaro, Aoki, Kenji, Yamamoto, Taku, Kasai, Takeaki, Suzuki, Shunji, Suzuki, Shu, Shibata, Nitaro, Watanabe, Masayuki, Nishihata, Yosuke, Arino, Torn, Okuyama, Masaki, Wakiyama, Tetsushi, Kato, Tomoko, Sasagawa, Yasuo, Tana, Takeshi, Tumelero, Rogerio Tadeu, Maia, Lilia, de Almeida, Roberto Simoes, Carmo Borges, Ney Carter, Gomes Ferreira, Luis Gustavo, Stockins Fernandez, Benjamin Aleck Joseh, Montecinos, Humberto, Lanas, Fernando, Larico Gomez, Martin, Astudillo, Carlos, Conejeros, Carlos, Marin Cuevas, Patricio, Forero, Alejandro, Bugueno Gutierrez, Claudio, Aguilar, Juan, Potthoff Cardenas, Sergio, Eggers, German, Houzvic, Cesar, Rey, Carlos, Arriagada, German, Charme Vilches, Gustavo, Illescas Diaz, Jesus Jaime, Leal Cantu, Raul, Ramos Zavala, Maria Guadalupe, Cabrera Jardines, Ricardo, Espinola Zavaleta, Nilda, Lopez Rosas, Enrique, Llamas Esperon, Guillermo Antonio, Pozas, Gerardo, Cardona Munoz, Ernesto, Her-nandez, Norberto Matadamas, Leyva Rendon, Adolfo, Garcia Hernandez, Norberto, de los Rios Ibarra, Manuel, Virgen Carrillo, Luis Ramon, Lopez Villezca, David, Hernandez Herrera, Carlos, Lopez Prieto, Juan Jose, Gaona Rodriguez, Rodolfo, Villeda Espinosa, Efrain, Flores Martinez, David, Velasco Barcena, Jose, Fierro Fierro, Omar, Rodriguez Briones, Ignacio, Leiva Pons, Jose Luis, Alvarez Lopez, Humberto, Olvera Ruiz, Rafael, Cantu Brito, Carlos Gerardo, Chuquiure Valenzuela, Eduardo Julian Jose Roberto, Reyes Sanchez, Roxana, Bazzoni Ruiz, Alberto Esteban, Lopez Ruiz, Oscar Martin, Arriaga Nava, Roberto, Morales Cerda, Jesus David, Fajardo Campos, Pedro, Benavides Gonzalez, Mario, Lenz, Kurt, Hagn, Claus, Foechterle, Johannes, Drexel, Heinz, Huber, Kurt, Podczeck-Schweighofer, Andrea, Winkler, Michael, Schneeweiss, Bruno, Gegenhuber, Alfons, Lang, Wilfried, Eichinger-Hasenauer, Sabine, Kaserer, Peter, Sykora, Josef, Rasch, Heribert, Strohmer, Bernhard, Capiau, Luc, Vervoort, Geert, Wollaert, Bart, Hollanders, Geert, Vercammen, Jan, Balthazar, Yohan, Delforge, Marc, Xhaet, Olivier, Striekwold, Harry, Thoeng, John, Hermans, Kurt, Mairesse, Georges, Anne, Wim, Blankoff, Ivan, Beutels, Michel, Vandergoten, Peter, Purnode, Philippe, Godart, Pascal, Boussy, Tim, Desfontaines, Philippe, Heyse, Alex, Voet, Joeri, De Wolf, Axel, Zidkova, Eva, Spacek, Rudolf, Machova, Vilma, Ludka, Ondrej, Olsr, Josef, Kotik, Lubos, Racz, Blazej, Ferkl, Richard, Hubac, Jan, Kotik, Ilja, Monhart, Zdenek, Burianova, Hana, Jerabek, Ondrej, Pisova, Jana, Petrova, Iveta, Dedek, Vratislav, Honkova, Michaela, Podrazil, Petr, Reichert, Petr, Spinar, Jindrich, Novak, Miroslav, Durdil, Vaclav, Plocova, Katarina, Lastuvka, Jiri, Nielsen, Jorn, Hayashi, Yoshihito, Hirota, Shinichi, Abe, Yukihiko, Saito, Yoshihiro, Uchiyama, Hirohide, Takeda, Hiroshi, Ono, Hiroshi, Tohyo, Shuichi, Hanazono, Naoto, Miyajima, Seiichi, Shimono, Hisashi, Aoyama, Takuma, Shozawa, Yasunobu, Niijima, Yawara, Murai, Osamu, Inaba, Hideko, Nomura, Katsumasa, Nozoe, Masatsugu, Suzuki, Kazuo, Furukawa, Toshiyuki, Shiraiwa, Toshihiko, Ito, Nobuhisa, Nagai, Shunichi, Sato, Kiyoharu, Nakahara, Shiro, Shimoyama, Yujin, Ohara, Naoko, Kozuka, Teruhiko, Okita, Hideaki, Endo, Masato, Goto, Tsutomu, Hirose, Makoto, Nagata, Emiko, Nakanishi, Noriyuki, Mori, Toshizumi, Seki, Shuichi, Okamoto, Katsuhiro, Moriai, Osamu, Emura, Yoko, Fukuda, Tsuyoshi, Date, Haruhiko, Kawakami, Shuichi, Nagai, Sho, Ueyama, Yuya, Fudo, Tetsuro, Imaizumi, Mitsuru, Ogawa, Takuo, Take, Shunsuke, Ikeda, Hideo, Nishioka, Hiroaki, Sakamoto, Norihiko, Ikeoka, Kiyomitsu, Wakaki, Nobuo, Abe, Masatake, Doiuchi, Junji, Inagaki, Koichi, Iseki, Atsushi, Yoshida, Tomohiro, Goda, Toshihiro, Katsuki, Tsukasa, Sato, Atsushi, Mori, Etsuo, Tsubokura, Toshio, Shudo, Hiroshi, Fujimoto, Shunichi, Katsuya, Tomohiro, Furukawa, Yoshiyuki, Hosokawa, Hiroshi, Narumi, Jun, Yamamoto, Kiichiro, Owari, Masaki, Inakura, Takuya, Anno, Takafumi, Shirakawa, Kazuyuki, Ching, Chi Keong, Foo, David, Wong, Kelvin, Yuyang, Tan, Park, Hui Nam, Kim, Woo-Shik, Lee, HyeYoung, Jang, Sung-Won, Kim, Dae Hyeok, Kim, Jun, Ryu, DongRyeol, Shim, Jaemin, Kim, Dae-Kyeong, Choi, Dong Ju, Oh, Yong Seog, Cho, Myeong-Chan, Kim, Hack-Lyoung, Jeon, Hui-Kyung, Shin, Dong-Gu, Park, Sang Weon, Park, Hoon Ki, Han, Sang-Jin, Sung, Jung Hoon, Park, Hyung-Wook, Nam, Gi-Byoung, On, Young Keun, Lim, Hong Euy, Kwak, JaeJin, Cha, Tae-Joon, Hong, Taek Jong, Park, Seong Hoon, Yoon, Jung Han, Kim, Nam-Ho, Kim, Kee-Sik, Jung, Byung Chun, Hwang, Gyo-Seung, Kim, Chong-Jin, Rungaramsin, Sakda, Katekangplu, Peerapat, Khunrong, Porames, Bunyapipat, Thanita, Wongcharoen, Wanwarang, Kaewsuwanna, Pinij, Siriwattana, Khanchai, Tiyanon, Waraporn, Pattanaprichakul, Supalerk, Likittanasombat, Khanchit, Cholsaringkarl, Doungrat, Boonyapisit, Warangkana, Cheewatanakornkul, Sirichai, Silaruks, Songkwan, Hutayanon, Pisit, Chawanadelert, Seksan, Chattranukulchai, Pairoj, Chatlaong, Boonsert, Santanakorn, Yingsak, Kanokphatcharakun, Khompiya, Mongkolwongroj, Piya, Jai-Aue, Sasivimon, Komson, Ongkarn, Altun, Armagan, Aydinlar, Ali, Ongen, Zeki, Acikel, Sadik, Sahin, Durmus Yildiray, Yilmaz, Ozcan, Pekdemir, Hasan, Demir, Mesut, Sucu, Murat, Sahiner, Levent, Ersanli, Murat, Okuyan, Ertugrul, Aras, Dursun, Rolandi, Florencia, Cesar Ingaramo, Adrian, Alberto Sambadaro, Gustavo, Fernandez Caputi, Vanina, Luciardi, Hector, Graciela Berman, Sofia, Dragotto, Pablo, Poli, Daniela, Quintavalla, Roberto, Cosmi, Franco, Fanelli, Raffaele, Oriana, Vincenzo, Reggio, Raffaele, Anti, Roberto S., Pancaldi, Leonardo, De Cristofaro, Raimondo, Guazzaloca, Giuliana, De Blasio, Angelo, Uriate, Jorge Salerno, Lillo, Flavia, Pogliani, Enrico Maria, Javier Kleiban, Andres, Ahuad Guerrero, Rodolfo Andres, Adalberto Di Paola, Leonel, Dario Dran, Ricardo, Egido, Javier, Jose Fosco, Matias, Rodolfo Cartasegna, Luis, Gomez Vilamajo, Oscar, Luis Ramos, Jose, Sassone, Sonia, Zapata, Gerardo, Conde, Diego, Giacomi, Guillermo, Alfredo Fernandez, Alberto, Alberto Berli, Mario, Ferroni, Fabian, Sobral Filho, Dario Celestino, Jaber, Jefferson, Armaganijan, Luciana Vidal, Frack Costantini, Costantino Roberto, Steffens, Andre, Sebba Barroso de Souzaem, Weimar Kunz, de Souza Neto, Joao David, Ribeiro, Jose Marcio, Teixeira, Marcelo Silveira, Rossi, Paulo, Pires, Leonardo, Moreira, Daniel, Moura Jorge, Jose Carlos, Lorga Filho, Adalberto Menezes, Bodanese, Luiz, Montera, Marcelo Westerlund, Del Carlo, Carlos Henrique, Saad, Jamil Abdalla, Alves Costa, Fernando Augusto, Lopes, Renato, de Aranjo, Gilson Roberto, Manenti, Euler Roberto, Kerr Saraiva, Jose Francisco, Ferreira Braga, Joao Carlos, Negri, Alexandre, Moncada, Carlos, Precoma, Dalton, Roquette, Fernando, Reis, Gilmar, Ramos Filho, Roberto Alvaro, Figueiredo, Estevao Lanna, Botelho, Roberto Vieira, Fontoura Tavares, Claudio Munhoz, Finimundi, Helius Carlos, Kochi, Adriano, Broilo Franca, Cesar Cassio, Alban, Fabio, Aranha Rosito, Guido Bernardo, de Moura Xavier Moraes Junior, Joao Batista, Husted, Steen, Hintze, Ulrik, Rasmussen, Soren, Sygehus, Nwstved, Bremmelgaard, Arne, Markenvard, John, Borger, Jan, Solgaard, Jorgen, Eriksen, Ebbe, Lokkegaard, Thomas, Bruun, Michael, Mertz, Jacob, Schou, Morten, Olsen, Michael, Viitanen, Carmela, Paganelli, Franck, Ohayon, Joel, Casassus, Frederic, Galinier, Michel, Gottwalles, Yannick, Loiselet, Philippe, Koujan, Mohamed Bassel, Destrac, Sylvain, Piot, Olivier, Cebron, Jean-Pierre, Guenoun, Maxime, Guedj-Meynier, Dominique, Lokesh, A. G., Zuber, Mathieu, Amarenco, Pierre, Ellie, Emmanuel, Kadouch, James, Huberman, Jean-Pierre, Lemaire, Nestor, Rodier, Gilles, Vandamme, Xavier, Sibon, Igor, Neau, Jean-Philippe, Mahagne, Marie Helene, Mielot, Antoine, Bonnefoy, Marc, Churet, Jean-Baptiste, Navarre, Vincent, Sellem, Frederic, Monniot, Gilles, Boyes, Jean-Paul, Doucet, Bernard, Martelet, Michel, Obadia, Desire, Crousillat, Bernard, Mouallem, Joseph, Bearez, Etienne, Brugnaux, Jean Philippe, Fedorowsky, Alain, Nazeyrollas, Pierre, Berneau, Jean-Baptiste, Chemin, Frederic, Schellong, Sebastien, Koeniger, Georg, Kopf, Andreas, Gerbaulet, Uwe, Kellner, Bernd-Thomas, Schaefer, Thomas, Purr, Jan, Eissfeller, Enno, Zauzig, Heinz-Dieter, Riegel, Peter, Axthelm, Christoph, Heinz, Gerd-Ulrich, Pustelnik, Andreas, Zutz, Stefan, Eder, Wolfgang, Rehling, Guenter, Glatzel, Dirk, Ludwig, Norbert, Sandow, Petra, Wiswedel, Henning, Wildenauer, Cosmas, Schoen, Steffen, Schwarz, Toralf, Babyesiza, Adyeri, Kropp, Maximilian, Zimny, Hans-Hermann, Kahl, Friedhelm, Caspar, Andreas, Omankowsky, Sabine, Laessig, Torsten, Hartmann, Hermann-Josef, Lehmann, Gunter, Bindig, Hans-Walter, Hergdt, Gunter, Reimer, Dietrich, Hauk, Joachim, Michel, Holger, Dres, Praxis, Erdle, Werner, Dorsch, Wilfried, Dshabrailov, Janna, Rapp, Karl-Albrecht, Epelde Gonzalo, Francisco, Almeida Fernandez, Carlos Alexandre, Martinez Navarro, Encarnacion, Montero Alia, Juan Jose, Barreda Gonzalez, Maria, Moleiro Oliva, Maria Angels, Iglesias Sanmartin, Jose, Rodriguez Alvarez, Maria del Mar, Ripoll Vera, Tomas, Jimenez Navarro, Manuel, Vazquez Caamano, Maria, Arcocha Tones, Maria Fe, Marcos Gomez, Gonzalo, Iniguez Romo, Andres, Prieto Diaz, Miguel Angel, Wirdby, Alexander, Linden, Jan, and Henriksson, Kerstin

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16], Hemorrhage, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, antiplatelet therapy, Coronary artery disease, Anticoagulation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Internal medicine, Atrial Fibrillation, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Acute Coronary Syndrome, bleeding, mortality, stroke, Stroke, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Anticoagulants, Atrial fibrillation, General Medicine, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Blood pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart failure, Cardiology, Female, Liver function, business, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Many patients with atrial fibrillation have concomitant coronary artery disease with or without acute coronary syndromes and are in need of additional antithrombotic therapy. There are few data on the long-term clinical outcome of atrial fibrillation patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome. This is a 2-year study of atrial fibrillation patients with or without a history of acute coronary syndromes. METHODS: Adults with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and >/=1 investigator-defined stroke risk factor were enrolled in GARFIELD-AF between March 2010 and September 2015. The association between prior acute coronary syndromes and long-term outcomes was determined using a Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for baseline risk factors, oral anticoagulation (OAC) +/- antiplatelet (AP) therapy, and usual care. RESULTS: Of 39,679 patients, 10.5% had a history of acute coronary syndromes. At 2-year follow-up, patients with prior acute coronary syndromes had higher adjusted risks of stroke/systemic embolism (hazard ratio [HR] 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.78), major bleeding (HR 1.30; 95% CI, 0.95 -1.79), all-cause mortality (HR 1.34; 95% CI, 1.21 -1.49), cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.85; 95% CI, 1.51-2.26), and new acute coronary syndromes (HR 3.42; 95% CI, 2.62-4.45). Comparing antithrombotic therapy in the acute coronary syndromes vs no acute coronary syndromes groups, most patients received OAC +/- AP: 60.8% vs 66.1%, but AP therapy was more likely in the acute coronary syndromes group (68.1% vs 32.9%), either alone (34.9% vs 20.8%) or with OAC (33.2% vs 12.1%). Overall, 17.8% in the acute coronary syndromes group received dual AP therapy with (5.3%) or without OAC (12.5%). Among patients with moderate/high risk for stroke/systemic embolism, fewer in the acute coronary syndromes group received OAC with or without AP therapy (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age 75 years, Diabetes mellitus, prior Stroke, TIA, or thromboembolism, Vascular disease, Age 65-74 years, Sex category [CHA2DS2-VASc] 2: 52.1% vs 64.6%; CHA2DS2-VASc >/=3: 62.0% vs 70.7%), and the majority with a Hypertension (uncontrolled systolic blood pressure >160 mm Hg), Abnormal renal or liver function, previous Stroke, Bleeding history or predisposition, Labile international normalized ratios, Elderly, and concomitant Drugs or alcohol excess (HAS-BLED) score >/=3 were on AP therapy (83.8% vs 65.5%). CONCLUSIONS: In GARFIELD-AF, previous acute coronary syndromes are associated with worse 2-year outcomes and a greater likelihood of under-treatment with OAC, while two-thirds of patients receive AP therapy. Major bleeding was more common with previous acute coronary syndromes, even after adjusting for all risk factors.

Published
2019
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41. Does Homocysteine Cause Hypertension?

Author

Stehouwer, Coen D. A. and Van Guldener, Coen

Subjects
*HOMOCYSTEINE, *HYPERTENSION, *BLOOD pressure, *KIDNEY diseases, *ARTERIAL diseases
Abstract

Several studies, some population-based, have plasma homocysteine levels linked to blood pressure, especially systolic pressure. In one large and carefully conducted epidemiological study, each 5 µmol/l increase in plasma homocysteine was associated with an increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 0.7/0.5 mmHg in men and 1.2/0.7 mmHg in women, which was independent of renal function and B vitamin status. In addition, observations that homocysteine-lowering therapies with folic acid-based treatments have been followed by decreases in blood pressure raise the possibility that the link between homocysteine and blood pressure is causal, which is important since homocysteine levels can easily be lowered by folic acid-based regimens. Mechanisms that could explain the relationship between homocysteine and blood pressure include homocysteine-induced arteriolar constriction, renal dysfunction and increased sodium reabsorption, and increased arterial stiffness. However, there is only circumstantial evidence that these mechanisms are operative in humans. In addition, confounding by subtle renal dysfunction or by unmeasured dietary and lifestyle factors cannot be excluded as an explanation for the association between homocysteine and blood pressure. At present, therefore, the hypothesis that homocysteine increases blood pressure must be considered unproven. Ongoing large intervention studies with homocysteine-lowering vitamins may show whether blood pressure is indeed lowered by these vitamins, whether the blood pressure decrease, if any, is explained by the decrease in homocysteine levels, and whether a vitamin treatment-associated decrease in cardiovascular morbidity, if any, is explained by the decrease in blood pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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42. Homocysteine Metabolism in Renal Disease.

Author

Van Guldener, Coen and Stehouwer, Coen D. A.

Subjects
*HOMOCYSTEINE, *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, *KIDNEY diseases, *AMINO acid metabolism, *CHRONIC kidney failure
Abstract

Hyperhomocysteinemia, a new cardiovascular risk factor, occurs in 85-100% of patients with end-stage renal disease. The exact mechanism by which renal function is linked to plasma homocysteine has not been definitively established. There is reasonably good clinical evidence that hyperhomocysteinemia in itself does not cause renal insufficiency. Two, not mutually exclusive, hypotheses are that in renal failure: i) homocysteine disposal is impaired in the kidneys themselves and ii) extra-renal homocysteine metabolism is defective, possibly due to uremic toxins. Several methods have been applied to investigate kidney and whole-body sulfur amino acid metabolism in healthy subjects and in patients with different degrees of renal failure. Arteriovenous extraction studies have not found a significant homocysteine disposal in the human kidney. Methods to study whole-body homocysteine metabolism have included measurement of plasma metabolites, calculation of plasma homocysteine elimination after oral loading and the use of stable isotope techniques with methionine tracers. The results implicate a decreased homocysteine clearance instead of an increased production as the cause of hyperhomocysteinemia in renal failure, but the exact site of the impaired clearance remains controversial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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43. Folic Acid Treatment of Hyperhomocysteinemia in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: No Change in Endothelial Function after Long Term Therapy

Author

Van Guldener, Coen, Janssen, Martien J.F.M., Lambert, Jan, Ter Wee, Piet M., Donker, Ab J.M., and Stehouwer, Coen D.A.

Abstract

Background Hyperhomocysteinemia occurs in renal failure and may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease, possibly by damaging the endothelium. Folic acid and betaine are required in two separate homocysteine conversion pathways and may therefore lower plasma homocysteine.Objective To study the therapeutic role of betaine and the effect on endothelial function of long-term homocysteine-Iowering therapy with folic acid, in peritoneal dialysis (PO) patients.Patients and Design Thirty PO patients were randomized to a 12-week treatment with 5 mg folic acid and 4 g betaine daily, or to 5 mg folic acid alone daily. They were then rerandomized to treatment with 1 or 5 mg folic acid daily for 40 weeks.Measurements At baseline and after 52 weeks, endothelial function was assessed by determination of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and biochemical markers.Results Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) was elevated at baseline: 42.6 (5.8) μmol/L. Only 1 patient (3%) had a normal plasma homocysteine (i.e., ≤ 15 μmol/L) before therapy. Normalization of plasma homocysteine occurred in 39% of the patients at 12 weeks. Betaine had no additional homocysteine-Iowering effect. Plasma tHcy levels were similar during treatment with 1 or 5 mg folic acid daily. Endothelial function was impaired at baseline and had not improved after 52 weeks of treatment.Conclusions Peritoneal dialysis patients have hyperhomocysteinemia, which can be normalized with folic acid alone in about 40% of patients. Betaine does not further lower plasma homocysteine. A maintenance dose of 1 or 5 mg folic acid daily results in equivalent plasma homocysteine levels. Long-term reduction in plasma homocysteine did not result in improvement of endothelial function as assessed by our methods.

Published
1998
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44. Tailored anticoagulant treatment after a first venous thromboembolism: protocol of the Leiden Thrombosis Recurrence Risk Prevention (L-TRRiP) study - cohort-based randomised controlled trial.

Author

Burggraaf-van Delft JLI, van Rein N, Bemelmans RHH, van den Berg JK, Bruggeman CY, Cloos-van Balen M, Coppens M, Eefting M, Ende-Verhaar Y, van Es N, van Guldener C, de Jong WK, Kleijwegt F, Koster T, Kroon C, Kuipers S, Leentjens J, Luijten D, Mairuhu ATA, Meijer K, van de Ree MA, Roos R, Schrover I, Swart-Heikens J, van der Velden AWG, van den Akker-van Marle EM, le Cessie S, Geersing GJ, Middeldorp S, Huisman MV, Klok FA, and Cannegieter SC

Subjects
Humans, Anticoagulants adverse effects, Hemorrhage chemically induced, Hemorrhage complications, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Quality of Life, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Recurrence, Thrombosis, Venous Thromboembolism etiology
Abstract

Introduction: Patients with a first venous thromboembolism (VTE) are at risk of recurrence. Recurrent VTE (rVTE) can be prevented by extended anticoagulant therapy, but this comes at the cost of an increased risk of bleeding. It is still uncertain whether patients with an intermediate recurrence risk or with a high recurrence and high bleeding risk will benefit from extended anticoagulant treatment, and whether a strategy where anticoagulant duration is tailored on the predicted risks of rVTE and bleeding can improve outcomes. The aim of the Leiden Thrombosis Recurrence Risk Prevention (L-TRRiP) study is to evaluate the outcomes of tailored duration of long-term anticoagulant treatment based on individualised assessment of rVTE and major bleeding risks., Methods and Analysis: The L-TRRiP study is a multicentre, open-label, cohort-based, randomised controlled trial, including patients with a first VTE. We classify the risk of rVTE and major bleeding using the L-TRRiP and VTE-BLEED scores, respectively. After 3 months of anticoagulant therapy, patients with a low rVTE risk will discontinue anticoagulant treatment, patients with a high rVTE and low bleeding risk will continue anticoagulant treatment, whereas all other patients will be randomised to continue or discontinue anticoagulant treatment. All patients will be followed up for at least 2 years. Inclusion will continue until the randomised group consists of 608 patients; we estimate to include 1600 patients in total. The primary outcome is the combined incidence of rVTE and major bleeding in the randomised group after 2 years of follow-up. Secondary outcomes include the incidence of rVTE and major bleeding, functional outcomes, quality of life and cost-effectiveness in all patients., Ethics and Dissemination: The protocol was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee Leiden-Den Haag-Delft. Results are expected in 2028 and will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and during (inter)national conferences., Trial Registration Number: NCT06087952., Competing Interests: Competing interests: MC has received financial support for research from Bayer, CSL Behring, Roche, Novo Nordisk and UniQure and lees for lecturing or consultancy from Alexion, Bayer, CSL Behring, Daiichi Sankyo, Sobi and Viatris, all unrelated to the present work and paid to his institution. NvE has received a lecture fee from Bristol Myers Squibb, which was unrelated to this work and paid to his institution. JL reports grants or contracts from BMS-Pfizer, Viatris, AstraZeneca and Synapse, all unrelated to this work and paid to her institution. KM reports speaker fees from Alexion, Bayer and CSL Behring, participation in trial steering committees for Bayer and AstraZeneca, consulting fees from Uniqure, participation in data monitoring and endpoint adjudication committee for Octapharma. All payments are made to her institution. SM reports grants and personal fees from Daiichi-Sankyo, Bayer, Pfizer and Boehringer-Ingelheim, personal fees from Portola/Alexion, AbbVie, Pfizer/Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Norgine, Viatris and Sanofi, all paid to her institution and outside the submitted work. MVH reports grants from Dutch Heart Foundation, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, Bayer Health Care, Pfizer-BMS Leo Pharma Boehringer-Ingelheim, all outside this work. FAK reports grants or contracts from Bayer, BMS, BSCI, MSD, Leo Pharma, Actelion, Farm-X, The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, the Dutch Thrombosis Association, The Dutch Heart Foundation and the Horizon Europe Program, all unrelated to this work and paid to his institution. All others report no conflicts of interest related to this project., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Published
2024
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45. [Symptomatic hypocalcaemia on denosumab use].

Author

Baptista Lopes V, Robbrecht D, van Thiel S, and van Guldener C

Subjects
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized therapeutic use, Bariatric Surgery adverse effects, Bone Density Conservation Agents therapeutic use, Calcium, Dietary administration & dosage, Calcium, Dietary therapeutic use, Denosumab, Female, Health Status, Humans, Hypocalcemia drug therapy, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis etiology, Vitamin D administration & dosage, Vitamin D therapeutic use, Vitamin D Deficiency complications, Vitamin D Deficiency drug therapy, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized adverse effects, Bone Density Conservation Agents adverse effects, Hypocalcemia etiology, Osteoporosis drug therapy
Abstract

Background: Bone resorption inhibitors such as denosumab may induce symptomatic hypocalcaemia if a vitamin D deficiency is present. Amongst other causes, this type of deficiency may arise following bariatric surgery., Case Description: We describe a 51-year-old woman who, a few years after undergoing bariatric surgery, developed symptomatic hypocalcaemia after she started taking denosumab., Conclusion: An adequate calcium and vitamin D status is a general condition before prescribing medication to treat osteoporosis. Therefore we recommend that before starting treatment with a bone resorption inhibitor that not only the calcium but also the vitamin D status should be determined, and if necessary, optimised.

Published
2013

46. [Mesenteric panniculitis: variable presentations].

Author

Robbrecht DG, Alidjan F, Eikemans B, Haans DA, van Guldener C, and van Wijngaarden P

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune diagnosis, Anti-Inflammatory Agents therapeutic use, Female, Humans, Male, Panniculitis, Peritoneal drug therapy, Prognosis, Treatment Outcome, Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune complications, Panniculitis, Peritoneal complications, Panniculitis, Peritoneal diagnosis
Abstract

Mesenteric panniculitis is a non-specific inflammation of the mesenteric adipose tissue, with varying degrees of fibrosis and fat necrosis. It can be associated with varying diseases and conditions, such as autoimmune disease and cancer. Many doctors are not familiar with this disease or do not know how to interpret the signs and symptoms. Here, we describe three patients illustrating the variety of clinical course, diagnostics, prognosis and treatment. A 44-year-old woman suffering from episodic abdominal pain was diagnosed with uncomplicated mesenteric panniculitis. The disease was stable while maintaining a conservative approach. In a 43-year-old woman, mesenteric panniculitis was complicated by autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. After treatment with corticosteroids, she made a full recovery from both disorders. Finally, a 73-year-old man was diagnosed with mesenteric panniculitis and auto-immune haemolytic anaemia, which both appeared to be consequences of an angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

Published
2012

47. Improving diagnosis of adult-type hypolactasia in patients with abdominal complaints.

Author

Haberkorn BC, Ermens AA, Koeken A, Cobbaert CM, and van Guldener C

Subjects
Adult, Genotype, Humans, Lactose Intolerance genetics, Lactose Intolerance pathology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Abdominal Pain etiology, Lactose Intolerance complications, Lactose Intolerance diagnosis
Abstract

Background: Adult-type hypolactasia is caused by genetic lactase non-persistence. It is the most common cause of lactose intolerance, which results in gastrointestinal symptoms after ingestion of dairy products. Currently, lactose intolerance is investigated by the hydrogen breath test (HBT), which is considered the preferred diagnostic test. Adult-type hypolactasia may also be diagnosed by genotyping. The single nucleotide polymorphism -13910C>T, which is located upstream of the lactase gene (LCT), is tightly associated with lactase persistence. Several other variants, mostly in non-European populations, can also lead to lactase persistence. This study investigated the accuracy of a modified, recently proposed algorithm which includes genotyping for the diagnosis of adult-type hypolactasia in a patient population with unexplained abdominal complaints., Methods: In 126 patients with unexplained abdominal symptoms or who were suspected to have adult-type hypolactasia, LCT genotyping by melting curve analysis on a LightCycler was performed. Those patients with CC(-13910) genotype (indicating loss of lactase expression) were directly referred to a dietician for a lactose-free diet. Those identified as CT(-13910) or TT(-13910) genotype underwent a HBT. Those who tested positive for hydrogen were also referred to a dietician for a lactose-free diet. The response to diet modification was recorded., Results: Genotype prevalences were: CC(-13910): 43 (34.1%); CT(-13910): 48 (38.1%); TT(-13910): 33 (26.2%); TG-13915: 2 (1.6%). Eleven of 48 (23%) patients with CT(-13910)-genotype and 1/33 (3%) patients with TT(-13910)-genotype had a positive hydrogen breath test. They all improved after a lactose-free diet. Four of 43 (9%) patients with CC(-13910)-genotype still had symptoms after a lactose-free diet., Conclusions: The results show that lactase-genotype testing can be used as a first step to diagnose lactose intolerance in a patient population with unexplained abdominal complaints. It accurately identifies the group of patients sensitive to lactose, those who need further breath testing and those in whom adult-type hypolactasia can be excluded with high probability without performing a HBT. This algorithm would save hydrogen breath testing in more than 50% of the patients who present with unexplained abdominal symptoms.

Published
2011
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49. [Symptomatic hyponatremia after ecstasy use].

Author

Niemeijer ND, van Guldener C, and van Wijngaarden P

Subjects
Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors administration & dosage, Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors urine, Female, Humans, Hyponatremia diagnosis, Hyponatremia therapy, Hyponatremia urine, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine administration & dosage, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine urine, Sodium therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome, Urinalysis, Water Intoxication, Young Adult, Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors adverse effects, Hyponatremia chemically induced, N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine adverse effects
Published
2009

50. Homocysteine and the kidney.

Author

van Guldener C

Subjects
Animals, Homocysteine blood, Homocysteine metabolism, Humans, Hyperhomocysteinemia therapy, Renal Insufficiency blood, Hyperhomocysteinemia complications, Renal Insufficiency etiology
Abstract

Plasma homocysteine concentration exhibits a strong relationship with (indices of) renal function. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been implicated in the high vascular event rate in patients with chronic renal failure. The precise pathophysiological explanation for the occurrence of hyperhomocysteinemia in renal failure is not yet elucidated. A defective intrinsic renal metabolism of homocysteine seems unlikely. There are several indications that whole body homocysteine metabolism is altered in renal insufficiency. Stable isotope studies in dialysis patients have shown a decreased homocysteine clearance by transsulfuration and decreased homocysteine remethylation and methionine transmethylation. Several, but not all, prospective studies have linked hyperhomocysteinemia to adverse cardiovascular outcomes in renal failure patients. Treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia in renal insufficiency is based on folic acid-containing regimens, but so far, none of the regimens has been shown to successfully normalize plasma homocysteine concentration. Intervention studies have not yet demonstrated beneficial vascular effects of homocysteine-lowering treatment in dialysis patients.

Published
2005
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