497 results on '"uzgoj"'
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2. KLIJAVOST SJEMENKI MOTRA (Crithmum maritimum L.) I RAZLOZI ZA MOGUĆI UZGOJ.
- Author
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Viličić, D. and Petek, M.
- Abstract
Copyright of Agronomy Journal / Agronomski Glasnik (0002-1954) is the property of Croatian Society of Agronomists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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3. Uzgojne i etičke norme farmskog držanja nojeva s osvrtom na osobine nojevog mesa.
- Author
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Članjak-Kudra, Enida, Fazlović, Neira, Mušanović, Anela, and Kapo, Nadža
- Subjects
OSTRICHES ,MEAT - Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
4. NEW HOPE FOR THE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED COMMON ANGEL SHARK Squatina squatina IN THE ADRIATIC SEA.
- Author
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Gajić, Andrej A.
- Subjects
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SHARKS , *CONTINENTAL shelf - Abstract
Historically, two angel shark species, common angel shark Squatina squatina and smoothback angel shark Squatina oculata, were common in the upper continental shelf of the eastern Adriatic Sea. Although both species are considered critically endangered in the Adriatic and the rest of the world, there are almost no data on the current status of populations, threat assessment and species-specific in-situ conservation. Common angel shark is still present in highly fragmented areas of the eastern Adriatic with extremely rare but consistent records, while smoothback angel shark is mostly considered regionally extinct in the Adriatic due to overfishing and overuse of non-selective fishing gear. There have been only 3 published records of common angel shark this century, the last two of which were reported by fishermen. This paper presents data on 34 new finds, including neonates, juveniles, subadults and adults recorded between January 2020 and August 2021 in the Zadar-Šibenik archipelago (central Adriatic) and one in Premantura (northern Adriatic). Two are original findings during the field expedition, 9 were reported directly by local fishermen, while 23 were reported through a detailed questionnaire. Additionally, plausible breeding and/or nursery grounds between Zadar and Šibenik are discussed with their importance for revitalization and long- term conservation in situ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. BIOFORTIFICATION AS A WAY OF NUTRIENT DENSE FEED PRODUCTION.
- Author
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Dragičević, Vesna, Simić, Milena, Brankov, Milan, Šenk, Milena, Krnjaja, Vesna, Mandić, Violeta, and Kresović, Branka
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BIOFORTIFICATION ,ENRICHED foods ,NUTRIENT cycles ,FEED quality ,GENOME editing - Abstract
Copyright of International Symposium 'Modern Trends in Livestock Production' is the property of Institute for Animal Husbandry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
6. PERFORMANCE AND COMPETITIVENESS OF BROILER CHICKEN FARMS IN THE AREA OF FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS: THE CASE OF TIZI-OUZOU (ALGERIA).
- Author
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Mouhous, Azeddine, Guermah, Hocine, Djellal, Farid, and Kadi, Si Ammar
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POULTRY farms ,BROILER chickens ,COMMERCIAL treaties ,CUSTOMS unions ,ECONOMIC indicators ,ECONOMIC competition - Abstract
Copyright of Veterinaria is the property of University of Sarajevo, Veterinary Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Uzgoj, nutritivna svojstva i korištenje žižule (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.).
- Author
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Sušanj, D., Gugić, J., Očić, Vesna, Gadže, Jelena, Bolarić, Snježana, and Lodeta, Kristina Batelja
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JUJUBE (Plant) ,MEDITERRANEAN climate ,ORNAMENTAL trees ,VITAMIN C ,SOIL classification ,FRUIT trees - Abstract
Copyright of Glasnik Zastite Bilja is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
8. GROWTH AND MORTALITY OF GREEN MUSSEL Perna viridis FARMED AT AMBONG BAY AND MARUDU BAY, SABAH, MALAYSIA.
- Author
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Isnain, Irman, Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. Mabel, Ransangan, Julian, and Mustapha, Shuhadah
- Subjects
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TIDE-waters , *MUSSELS , *PERNA , *MUSSEL culture , *BAYS - Abstract
Asian green mussel is commercially farmed in tidal waters in several enclosed bays in Sabah, Malaysia. In this study, two areas on the west coast of Sabah - Ambong Bay and Marudu Bay - were selected for the monitoring of the growth and mortality rates of green mussels farmed in suspension raft. Both growth and survival rates were then correlated with physicochemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, temperature, water transparency, chlorophyll-a), nutrients (phosphate (PO4 3-), ammonia (NH3-N), nitrate (NO3-N) and nitrite (NO2-N) and condition index of mussel from each study site, as well as between the study sites. The twelve-month growth study (September 2017 to August 2018) was started with a total of 180 mussel specimens (90 at each site). The initial size (mean) of the mussel seed used was 47.7 ± 3.5 mm and 51.1 ± 3.9 mm for Marudu Bay and Ambong Bay, respectively. Mussels in Marudu Bay attained mean size of 73.47 ± 11.05 mm (SGR 0.17% ± 0.22) compared to 64.05 ± 7.44 mm (SGR 0.11% ± 0.22) for Ambong Bay at the end of the experiment. The cumulative mortality rates were 9.2% ± 4.9 and 55.5% ± 30.0 for Marudu Bay and Ambong Bay, respectively. The Pearson correlation indicated a significant positive relationship between mortality and water transparency (r = 0.684, p<0.01). There was a significant negative relationship between ammonia in seawater and mussel mortality (r = -0.561, p<0.01), as well as significant negative relationships between nitrate and growth (r = -0.480, p<0.05) and mortality (r = -0.460, p<0.05), as indicated by Spearman's Rank-order Correlation analysis. Overall, the growth performance of green mussels farmed in Marudu Bay was better than in Ambong Bay, however, the mortality of mussels in Ambong Bay was higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Osnovni principi organske proizvodnje u kozarstvu.
- Author
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Urošević, Milivoje, Drobnjak, Darko, Nilda, Ersoy, and Stojić, Petar
- Abstract
Copyright of Veterinarska Stanica is the property of Croatian Veterinary Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
10. Ekonomski i ekološki aspekti održivog uzgoja autohtonih rasa ovaca i koza
- Author
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Vejnović, Branislav, Đurić, Spomenka, Janjić, Jelena, Nedić, Drago, Mirilović, Milorad, Baltić, Milan Ž., Stanimirović, Zoran, Vejnović, Branislav, Đurić, Spomenka, Janjić, Jelena, Nedić, Drago, Mirilović, Milorad, Baltić, Milan Ž., and Stanimirović, Zoran
- Abstract
U stočarstvu se problem očuvanja nisko-produktivnih autohtonih rasa domaćih životinja još uvek teško objašnjava i ta činjenica otežava rad na unapređenju korišćenja životinjskih genetičkih resursa u praksi. Međutim, agrodiverzitet, pa i životinjski genetički resursi, u novom konceptu održivog korišćenja genetičkih resursa, zauzimaju veoma važno mesto, sagledavajući prirodne potencijale, ekonomsko i socijalno okruženje, ali i koristeći svetska iskustva. Gajenje malih preživara u Srbiji najveći ekonomski značaj ima za prozvodnju mesa, prevashodno mesa jagnjadi. Uspešno bavljenje ovčarstvom zavisi velikim delom od podsticaja države, od platežnih mogućnosti tržišta, ali najbitnija stavka svakako je dobar menadžment kojim se ostvaruju pozitivni ekonomski i finansijski rezultati. S obzirom na bogatstvo travnatih površina i odnosa između tih površina i broja malih preživara koje ih koriste, nije očekivano da će njihovo gajenje značajno uticati na životnu sredinu. Brdsko-planinska područja mogu da podržavaju održivi razvoj i, čak, mogu da posluže za organsku proizvodnju hrane.
- Published
- 2023
11. Mogucnosti za uzgoj jesetarskih riba u akvakulturi Srbije
- Author
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Novakov, Nikolina, Pelić, Miloš, Lazić, Dušan, Ljubojević Pelić, Dragana, Kartalović, Brankica, Radosavljević, Vladimir, Novakov, Nikolina, Pelić, Miloš, Lazić, Dušan, Ljubojević Pelić, Dragana, Kartalović, Brankica, and Radosavljević, Vladimir
- Abstract
Jesetre spadaju u jednu od najvrjednijih skupina riba, kako zbog kavijara, tako i zbog kvalitetnog mesa koje ne sadrži kosti vec samo hrskavicu. Međutim, jesetre su među najugroženijim ribama zbog prekomjernog izlova, krivolova, gubitka staništa itd. Proizvodnja jesetri u akvakulturi započela je 1960-ih u bivšem Sovjetskom Savezu, dok je u Europi krenula 1980-ih. Ulaskom Kine u industriju akvakulture, ova zemlja sada trenutno čini oko 78% svjetske proizvodnje mesa jesetri. Proizvodnja jesetri u Srbiji je u povojima, a trenutno je službeno registrirano pet ribnjaka. Najčešće vrste koje se gaje u Srbiji su kečiga (Acipenser ruthenus) i sibirska jesetra (Acipenser baerit) i uzgajaju se uglavnom u recirkulacijskim akvatičnim sustavima (RAS). RAS, uz prostornu korist, ne zahtijeva veliku količinu vode, koja se tijekom proizvodnog procesa pročišćava bez gubitaka i ponovno koristi. Za kontrolu organske tvari i viška kisika u sustavu potrebno je osigurati odgovarajuće biofiltere. Također je važno osigurati mehaničke filtere i kolektore koji su zaduženi za prikupljanje dekompenzirane hrane i suspendiranih tvari. Osim dovoljne količine otopljenog kisika, ograničavajuci faktor proizvodnje i povoljnog zdravstvenog stanja riba je odgovarajuca koncentracija amonijevih iona i amonijaka u vodi, što zahtijeva kontinuirano praćenje navedenih parametara. Također treba voditi računa o sprječavanju ulaska i širenja zaraznih agenasa kao što su bakterije, virusi, gljivice i paraziti. RAS se mogu izraditi s malim kapacitetom, sto osigurava realan plasman ribe koja se može prodati tijekom cijele sezone i postići bolju cijenu od šarana. Pogodni su za početnike kao školski sustavi, tako da se njihov stvarni kapacitet može povećati s vremenom., Sturgeons belong to one of the most valuable groups of fish, both because of the caviar and the meat quality, fish do not contain bones but only cartilage. However, sturgeons are among the most threatened fish due to overfishing, poaching, habitat loss, etc. Sturgeon aquaculture production began in the 1960s in the former Soviet Union, while it took off in Europe in the 1980s. With China's entry into the aquaculture industry, this country now amount around 78% of the world's sturgeon meat production. Sturgeon production in Serbia is in its beginning, and five ponds are currently officially registered. The most common species cultivated in Serbia are starlet (Acipenser ruthenus) and Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerit), and they are cultivated mainly in recirculatory aquaculture systems (RAS). RAS, in addition to the spatial benefit, does not require a large amount of water, which is purified during the production process without loss and reused. To control organic matter and excess oxygen in the system, it is necessary to provide appropriate biofilters. It is also important to provide mechanical filters and collectors that are responsible for collecting decompensate food and suspended substances.In addition to a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen, the limiting factor for production and the favorable health status of fish is the appropriate concentration of ammonium ions and ammonia in the water, which requires continuous monitoring.. Care should also be taken to prevent the entry and spread of infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. RAS can be made with a small capacity, which ensures a realistic placement of fish that can be sold throughout the season and reach a better price than carp. They are suitable for beginners as school systems, so their actual capacity can be increased over time.
- Published
- 2023
12. LIVESTOCK IN RURAL PIEDMONT REGIONS OF ALGERIA.
- Author
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Khalila, Bengouga, Salwa, Lahmadi, Reguia, Zeguerou, Moufida, Maaoui, and Youcef, Halis
- Subjects
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ANIMAL products , *DUCKS , *LIVESTOCK , *MEDITERRANEAN climate , *BEEKEEPING , *WEAVING equipment - Abstract
A livestock survey conducted during 2013/2015 as part of a CRSTRA project in 4 villages situated at North east Biskra and south Batna in Algeria. These regions are located at elevation ranging around 250-831m asl, experiencing arid and semi-arid Mediterranean climate. Respondents of 86 families demonstrated that livestock is an integral part of the region's mixed farming systems. Low livestock numbers per most households at present reflect the selfconsumption breeding mode adapted in these regions. Currently, farmers focus on four main livestock types; goat, sheep, chicken and bee keeping in two regions, it is the case of Beni Souik and Branis, while Maafa includes beyond these types, turkey and pigeon whereas Ain Zaatout includes duck and swine beside the previous livestock types. In the same context; goat ranked first in the four regions, goat and sheep secondly then goat and poultry with goat combined to sheep and poultry in third place. Thus; most families use a combination of grazing, agriculture sub-products and industrial products for the nutrition of their livestock. Families keep livestock as source of milk, butter, wool or hair, leather and other products that are strongly used as nutritional, weaving supply or stocking covering resources for the family members or friends and in some cases for sell to seekers of animal products of indigenous territory origins. Most families use these products for family and friend consumption while a minority sell some of them on local markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Potential possibilities of jellyfish aquaculture
- Author
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Galić, Ena and Nerlović, Vedrana
- Subjects
reproduction ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija). Ribarstvo ,uzgoj ,cultivation ,growth ,economic importance ,jellyfish ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy. Fishing ,razmnožavanje ,gospodarski značaj ,rast ,meduza - Abstract
U ovom su radu predstavljene karakteristike uzgoja meduza, tj. slobodno plivajućih oblika žarnjaka, u zatočeništvu i njihov gospodarski značaj. Jednostavna fiziološka građa meduza i odlična prilagodba na uvjete u zatočeništvu čine ih prikladnim vrstama za uzgoj. Primarno tržište predstavljaju azijske zemlje gdje se meduze tradicionalno konzumiraju već tisućljećima. Također, kao glavna prepreka uvođenju meduza u prehranu stanovnika zapadnih zemalja ističe se sklonost gađenju i strah od nepoznate hrane. Brojna istraživanja dokazuju važnost meduza kao izvora vrijednih kemijskih spojeva i nutrijenata za ljudsku prehranu, krmivo te ostale biotehnološke primjene. Ipak, razvoj ove industrije je još u procesu i potrebna su daljnja istraživanja kako bi se usavršile uzgojne metode te uvele nove vrste. This paper presents the characteristics of jellyfish breeding, i.e., free-swimming forms of anemones, in captivity and their economic importance. Jellyfish's simple physiological structure and excellent adaptation to conditions in captivity make them suitable species for cultivation. The primary market is represented by Asian countries where jellyfish have been traditionally consumed for millennia. Likewise, the main obstacle to the introduction of jellyfish into the diet of inhabitants of Western countries is their tendency to disgust and fear of unfamiliar food. Numerous studies prove the importance of jellyfish as a source of valuable chemical compounds and nutrients for human nutrition, fodder and other biotechnological applications. However, the development of this industry is still in process and further research is needed to perfect breeding methods and introduce new species.
- Published
- 2022
14. SHORT TANDEM REPEATS (STR) IN CATTLE GENOMICS AND BREEDING.
- Author
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Teneva, Atanaska, Todorovska, Elena, Petrović, Milan P., Kusza, Szilvia, Perriassamy, Kathiravan, Petrović, Violeta Caro, Andrić, Dušica Ostojić, and Gadjev, Dimitar
- Subjects
- *
SHORT tandem repeat analysis , *CATTLE genetics , *CATTLE breeding , *BIOLOGICAL tags ,CATTLE productivity - Abstract
Molecular markers are essential tool for determining the specific genetic makeup of an individual and are valuable approach for genetic improvement of farm animals. In cattle breeding their application is useful for improvement of breeding programs for desired traits, better productivity and high quality products. These markers provide more accurate genetic information and better knowledge of the animal genetic resources. In this review we attempt to make a brief summary on the application of one of more advanced DNA-based molecular markers in cattle breeding, namely short tandem repeat (STR, microsatellites). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Economic viability of non-commercial and extensive rabbit breeding: A Slovenian case study.
- Author
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Prišenk, Jernej, Grgić, Ivo, Turk, Jernej, Pažek, Karmen, and Janžekovič, Marjan
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RABBIT breeding ,ANIMAL breeding ,RABBIT meat industry ,RABBIT meat ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
16. Microgreens kao funkcionalna hrana.
- Author
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Opačić, Nevena, Šagud, Anja, Skomrak, Antonia, Đurak, Josipa, Kos, F., Butković, M., and Uher, SanjaFabek
- Abstract
Copyright of Glasnik Zastite Bilja is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Technological procedure of mussel farming Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819
- Author
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Prelević, Nika and Nerlović, Vedrana
- Subjects
shellfish ,Adriatic Sea ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija). Ribarstvo ,Mytilus galloprovincialis ,uzgoj ,marikultura ,Jadran ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy. Fishing ,školjkaši ,mariculture ,farming - Abstract
U ovom završnom radu je predstavljen važni jadranski školjkaš, dagnja Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck, 1819. U uvodnom dijelu opisana je povijest uzgoja školjkaša, posebno duga tradicija uzgoja dagnje. Španjolska i Grčka su jedne od najvećih proizvođača dagnji u Europi. U Hrvatskoj uzgoj dagnji ima dugu povijest, a tehnologija uzgoja se temelji na tradicionalnom načinu uzgoja. No, uzgajivači ističu potrebu za modernizacijom proizvodnje s ciljem skraćivanja uzgojnog ciklusa i lakšeg manipulativnog rada. U radu se obrađuju opće biološke karakteristike vrste, način rasta, reprodukcija i životni ciklus. Detaljno se iznosi tijek uzgojnog ciklusa, prihvat ličinki na kolektore, razvoj mlađi i rast do tržišne veličine dagnje. Također, opisana je moguća pojava različitih bioagresora koji predstavljaju opasnost u uzgoju, te sindromi koji se mogu javiti kod ljudi uslijed konzumiranja kontaminiranih jedinki. This thesis presents an important Adriatic species, mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819. The introductory part describes a history of shellfish farming, especially the long tradition of mussel farming. Spain and Greece are one of the largest producers of mussels in Europe. Croatia has a long history of mussel farming, with the cultivation tehnology still based on the tradicional way of farming. However, the farmers emphasize the need to modernize production in order to shorten the farming cycle and easily manipulate the farming process. This thesis deals with the general biological characteristic of the species, growth, reproduction and life cycle. Furthermore, a special review in the paper refers to the course of the mussel reproduction cycle, the reception of larvae on the collectors, the development of young mussels and growth to marketable size. Moreover, the paper deals with issues related to the appearance of various bioaggressors that can be danger in farming and also syndromes that can occur in humans due to the consumption of contaminated shellfish.
- Published
- 2022
18. Rasprostranjenost i potencijal uzgoja spužava iz roda Spongia u akvatoriju otoka Silbe
- Author
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Sutlović, Marta and Zubak Čižmek, Ivana
- Subjects
Spužve ,Spongia ,rasprostranjenost ,SCUBA ,Silba ,uzgoj ,PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Biologija ,Sponges ,Farming ,NATURAL SCIENCES. Biology ,Distribution - Abstract
Morske spužve su važna komponenta bentičke faune te u ekosustavu obavljaju niz funkcionalnih uloga koje doprinose zdravlju ekosustava i smanjuju utjecaj sve prisutnijih promjena u okolišu na morske zajednice. Spužve iz roda Spongia rasprostranjene su na čvrstim sublitoralnim podlogama u cijelom Sredozemnom moru (osobito u njegovom istočnom dijelu) i duž istočne obale Atlantika. Socioekonomska važnost ovog roda poznata je od davnina, a iskorištavaju se i danas te se interes za iskorištavanjem povećava. Iskorištavanje spužava u komercijalne svrhe smatra se njihovom najvećom ugrozom, gdje prekomjerni izlov i korištenje neadekvatnih ribolovnih alata dovode do znatne degradacije populacija. Spužve su osjetljivi organizmi koji pod snažnim antropogenim utjecajem doživljavaju pojave masovnog mortaliteta i bolesti. Neadekvatno odlaganje otpada i otpadnih voda, odbačeni ribolovni alati te sve jači utjecaj klimatskih promjena (porast temperature mora, promjene pH i promjene u morskim strujama), dovode do promjena u bogatstvu vrsta, brojnosti i rasprostranjenosti spužava. U Jadranskom moru je zabilježeno šest vrsta iz roda Spongia. U ovom diplomskom radu istražena je rasprostranjenost i potencijal uzgoja spužava iz roda Spongia u akvatoriju otoka Silbe (Zadarska županija). Utvrđena je široka rasprostranjenost spužava iz roda Spongia - zabilježene su 223 jedinke vrste S. officinalis te je primijećeno kako njihova prisutnost na određenoj lokaciji ovisi o tipu staništa; najveći broj jedinki (n=135) pronađen je na kamenu s prisutnim makro algama, a najmanji (n=4) na kamenu s algama uz prisustvo morske cvjetnice posidonije. Prikupljeni podaci ukazuju da se akvatorij otoka Silbe može smatrati povoljnom lokacijom za uspostavljanje uzgoja spužvi iz roda Spongia. Budući da su istraživanja o komercijalno važnim vrstama spužava i ugrozama za iste u Jadranskom moru nedostatna, ne provodi se monitoring i nije poznato stanje očuvanosti vrsta iz roda Spongia, potrebno je započeti istraživanja kako bi se razjasnilo postojeće stanje i utvrdili problemi koji dovode do degradacije prirodnih populacija spužava. Potencijalni uzgoj spužava iz roda Spongia smanjio bi pritisak na prirodne populacije te pridonio njihovom obnavljanju. Marine sponges are an essential component of the benthic fauna. They play numerous functional roles in the ecosystem, thus contributing to ecosystem health and reducing the impact of increasing environmental changes on marine communities. Sponges of the genus Spongia are distributed on hard sublittoral substrates throughout the Mediterranean (especially in its eastern part) and along the east coast of the Atlantic. The socio-economic importance of this species has been known since ancient times, and they are still being exploited today with increasing interest for exploitation. The exploitation of sponges for commercial purposes is considered the greatest threat to these organisms, where overfishing and the use of inadequate fishing gear lead to significant degradation of their populations. Sponges are sensitive organisms that experience mass mortality and disease phenomena under a strong anthropogenic influence. Inadequate waste and wastewater disposal, discarded fishing tools, and the growing impact of climate change (rising sea temperatures, pH changes, and changes in marine currents) lead to changes in the species richness, abundance, and distribution of sponges. Six species of the genus Spongia have been recorded in the Adriatic Sea. This dissertation investigates sponges' distribution and farming potential from the genus Spongia around Silba Island (Zadar County). We found that they are widely distributed – 223 individuals of S. officinalis were recorded. Their distribution varies according to habitat type; the largest number of individuals (n = 135) was found on the rocky habitat with macroalgae, and the smallest (n = 4) on the rocks with algae and the presence of seagrass Posidonia oceanica. The data indicate that the Silba area could be considered a favorable location for farming sponges of the genus Spongia. Since research on commercially important sponges in the Adriatic Sea (and their threats) is insufficient, no monitoring is implemented, and the conservation status of Spongia species is unknown, research is needed to clarify the current state and identify problems leading to the degradation of natural populations of sponges. Potential aquaculture of sponges from the genus Spongia would reduce the pressure on natural populations and contribute to their regeneration.
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- 2022
19. Tradition of industrial hemp production in Croatia
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Ivana Varga, Ivan Kraus, Dario Iljkić, Anita Jonjić, and Manda Antunović
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General Medicine ,industrijska konoplja ,prerada, Hrvatska ,uzgoj ,vlakno ,industrial hemp ,processing ,Croatia ,production ,fiber - Abstract
Industrijska konoplja se uzgajala prvenstveno kao sirovina za izdvajanje vlakna iz stabljike. Proizvodnja industrijske konoplje u Hrvatskoj zauzimala je u prvoj polovini 20. stoljeća je između 8.000 i 12.000 hektara. Najveće uzgojne površine bile su 1949. godine kada se industrijska konoplja uzgajala na oko 21.000 ha. Šezdesetih godina prošlog stoljeća industrijska je konoplja uzgajana na prosječno 7.165 ha, s prosječnim prinosom suhe stabljike 5,81 t ha-1 i vlakna od 0,88 t ha-1. U narednom desetljeću (1970.-79.), površine su se smanjile na prosječno 2.331 ha, a još manje industrijske konoplje bilo je zasijano u 1980.-im, odnosno prosječno 1.131 ha. Premda su površine smanjene, prinos stabljike povećao se na prosječno 8,79 t ha-1 (1980.-89.). Devedesetih godina prošlog stoljeća proizvodnja industrijske konoplje za izdvajanje vlakna postupno je napuštena u Hrvatskoj. Prema statističkim podacima, zadnje površine pod industrijskom konopljom namijenjenom za izdvajanje vlakna bile su 1995. godine na svega 30-ak hektara. U Slavoniji i Baranji u prvoj polovini 20. stoljeća veće kudjeljare bile su u Vukovaru, Vladislavcima, Osijeku i Dardi, dok su u drugoj polovini 20. stoljeća veliki pogoni bili u Viškovcima i Črnkovcima. Najduže je radila kudjeljara u Črnkovcima. Danas se industrijska konoplja uzgaja u Hrvatskoj prvenstveno zbog sjemena i/ili cvijeta iz kojih se izdvaja ulje. Promjenom zakona u Hrvatskoj, od 2019. dozvoljeno je koristiti cijelu biljku, što će zasigurno dovesti do razvoja novih proizvoda i proširiti interes poljoprivrednih gospodarstava za proizvodnjom i preradom industrijske konoplje., The production of industrial hemp was primary for fiber extraction. In Croatia in the first half of the 20th century approximately occupied between 8,000 and 12,000 hectares. The largest sown areas were in 1949 when industrial hemp was grown on about 21,000 ha. In the 1960s, industrial hemp was grown on an average of 7,165 ha, with an average yield of dry stem 5.81 t ha-1 and 0.88 t ha-1 of fiber. In the next decade (1970-79) areas were reduced to 2,331 ha and even less, in 1980s harvested area reduced to 1,131 ha. Even the areas was reduced, the stem yield increase up to 8.79 t ha-1 (1980-89). In the 1990s production of industrial hemp for fiber extraction in Croatia was gradually abandoned. According to statistical data, the last areas under industrial hemp intended for fiber extraction were in 1995 on only 30 hectares. In Slavonia and Baranja in the first half of the 20th century larger hemp factories were in Vukovar, Vladislavci, Osijek and Darda and in the second half of the 20th century in Viškovci and Črnkovci. The factory in Črnkovci was active for the longest time (until 90‘s). Revitalization of industrial hemp production in Croatia began in 2012, when is primarily grown because of the seeds from which the oil is extracted. By changing the law in Croatia, from 2019 it is allowed to use the whole plant, which will certainly lead to the development of new products and expand the interest of farms in the production and processing of industrial hemp.
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- 2022
20. Potencijal upotrebe RGB kamera u preciznoj poljoprivredi – studija slučaja jabuka
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Vrtodušić, Rea, Kožul, Mario, Petek, Marko, Skendrović Babojelić, Martina, Karažija, Tomislav, Lemić, Darija, Pajač Živković, Ivana, Antolković, Ana Marija, Viduka, Antonio, Čirjak, Dana, Miklečić, Ivana, Fruk, Goran, and Silvar, Silvana
- Subjects
inovativne tehnologije ,jabuka ,RGB kamera ,robot-rover ,uzgoj - Abstract
U suvremenom uzgoju jabuke teži se primjeni inovativnih tehnologija kojima bi se optimizirala proizvodnja, te smanjio ljudski rad. Korištenjem digitalnih RGB kamera kao uređaja za prikupljanje vizualnih podataka (fotografija) voćari bi na vrijeme otkrili potencijalne probleme u nasadu te poduz preventivne i pravovremene agrotehničke, odnosno pomotehničke zahvate u cilju ublažavanja potencijalnih problema i smanjenja troškova proizvodnje. Obradom prikupljenih fotografija u progra za anotiranje stvorit će se ulazna baza podataka za strojno učenje. Strojno učenje dio je umjetne inteligencije bazirano na dubokom učenju (deep learning), odnosno korištenju umjetnih neuronskih mreža. Inovativni rezultat ovog projekta bit će sustav sačinjen od niza hardverskih i softverskih elemenata objedinjenih u jedinstvenu funkcionalnu cjelinu. Osnovni hardverski i softverski element čine autonomni robot-rover, različite vrste kamera s obzirom na namjenu i centralni web portal s pripadajućom mobilnom aplikacijom. Za svaku od pojedinih vrsta kamera bit će razvijeni zasebni analitički modeli koji će obrađivati fotografije unutar samih kamera. Kamere postavljene na robot rover u analitičkoj obradi fotografija imat će podršku TPU-a (Tensor Processing Unit) u svrhu brže obrade fotografija s obzirom na brzinu kretanja robot- rovera. Robot-rover bit će potpuno autonoma s obzirom na prethodno definiranu rutu kretanja po voćnjaku te neće imati potrebe za intervencijom čovjeka tijekom vegetacijske sezone. U sustavu će se definirati prepoznavanje 40-ak različitih vrsta pojava (nedostaci hraniva, simptomi napada bolesti i štetnika, morfološke i fiziološke promjene na plodu i listu jabuke i dr.). Primjena ovakvih inovativnih tehnologija vodi do značajnog unaprjeđenja optimizacije proizvodnje jabuke.
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- 2022
21. Kamo je nestao hrvatski simentalac?
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Đuričić, Dražen
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povijesne činjenice ,simentalsko govedo ,uzgoj - Abstract
Simentalsko govedo je jedna od najstarijih i najrasprostranjenih pasmina goveda u svijetu, a porijeklom je iz doline rijeke Simme koja se nalazi u švicarskom Kantonu Bern. Prva marvogojska udruga na području današnje Hrvatske osnovana je u Velikoj Gorici 1906., slijedeće godine u Novoj Gradiški, a 15. ožujka 1908. godine u Svetom Ivanu Žabnu. Iako je prva marvogojska udruga osnovana u Velikoj Gorici, najveći uspjeh u uzgoju goveda simentalske pasmine imale su udruge iz Svetog Ivana Žabna, Gole, Đurđevca, Virja, Ferdinandovca i drugih mjesta u današnjoj Koprivničko-križevačkoj županiji, ali i udruge na području današnje Bjelovarsko-bilogorske i Virovitičko-podravske županije. Danas se procjenjuje da ima 40-60 milijuna goveda simentalske pasmine u svijetu. Simentalska pasmina poznata je pod različitim imenima. Današnji službeni naziv pasmine u svjetskim okvirima je simentalska pasmina (engl. Simmental), a u njemačkom govornom području Fleckvieh (Njemačka i Austrija). Zbog svojih kombiniranih proizvodnih osobina i izuzetno dobre aklimatizacijske sposobnosti na različite uvjete uzgoja i razne klimatske uvjete, simentalska pasmina je izvezena i proširena u brojne zemlje svijeta. Uzgojni cilj za uzgoj hrvatskog simentalca definirao je ovu pasminu kao govedo kombiniranih proizvodnih osobina s određenim linijama s naglaskom za proizvodnju mlijeka ili mesa. Tradicionalna boja simentalca opisana je kao pšenično-žuta ili crvenošara. Nakon desetak zadnjih desetljeća ili nešto više od stoljeća uzgoja i strogih pravila koje su skrušeno poštivali brojni uzgajivači i ponosili se svojim blagom, hranili, timarili i predvodili na sajmovima i izložbama, odjednom, najvjerojatnije i zbog znatno manjeg broja goveda u Hrvatskoj, izgubio se naziv Hrvatsko ispred naziva pasmine simentalsko govedo pa je naše nacionalno blago postalo internacionalno.
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- 2022
22. Hranidba štenadi
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Matijević, Lucija
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štenad ,hranidba ,uzgoj - Abstract
Hranidba je jedan od najvažnijih čimbenika uzgoja, a njezina pravilna provedba sprječava pojavu mnogih problema i grešaka tijekom uzgoja svih životinja, pa tako i štenadi. Osim sastava hrane kojom je štenad hranjena, treba obratiti pozornost na količinu i oblik hrane kojom se provodi hranidba te kvalitetno hraniti kuju prije samog okota štenadi. U najranijoj dobi štenad dobiva sve za život potrebne tvari od majke, a tijekom sazrijevanja i rasta vlasnik mora osigurati dovoljan unos i omjer hranjivih tvari preko hrane kako bi se izbjegle bolesti, stanje mršavosti ili stanje pretilosti. Predznanje o nutritivnim potrebama te probavnom sustavu pasa uvelike pomaže prilikom uzgoja štenadi te im osigurava najbolju moguću kvalitetu života.
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- 2022
23. Length-weight relationship and condition factor of common dentex juveniles (Dentex dentex) in aquaculture
- Author
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Šestan, Roko and Matulić, Daniel
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zubatac (Dentex dentex), mlađ, dužinsko-maseni odnosi, indeks kondicije, uzgoj ,indeks kondicije ,uzgoj ,aquaculture ,dužinsko-maseni odnosi ,common dentex (Dentex dentex) ,length-weight relationships ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,zubatac (Dentex dentex) ,mlađ ,fingerlings ,condition factor ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy - Abstract
Cilj istraživanja je bio odrediti dužinsko-masene odnose i indeks kondicije mlađi zubaca (Dentex dentex) na uzgajalištu Mala Lamjana-Cromaris d.d. U rujnu i listopadu 2019. godine, te ožujku 2020. godine, provedena su biometrijska mjerenja u kojima su se izmjerile totalna dužina (TL), dužina do vilice (FL), masa (W) i širina tijela mlađi zubaca. Regresijskom analizom izračunati su dužinsko-maseni odnosi te je određen Fultonov indeks kondicije. Dobiveni rezultati u rujnu 2019. indiciraju negativan alometrijski rast, u listopadu je zabilježen pozitivan alometrijski rast, a u ožujku 2020. je utvrđen izometrijski rast mlađi. Prosječna vrijednost indeksa kondicije u rujnu je iznosila CF=1,80±0,13, u listopadu CF=1,70±0,09, dok je utvrđeni indeks kondicije za ožujak iznosio CF=1,46±0,13. Vrijednosti indeksa kondicije upućuju da je mlađ bila u dobrom kondicijskom stanju. The aim of the study was to determine the length-weight relationships and condition factor of common dentex fingerlings (Dentex dentex) at the farm Mala Lamjana-Cromaris d.d. In September and October 2019, and in March 2020, biometric measurements were performed in which the following characteristics of dentex fingerlings were measured: total length (TL), fork length (FL), mass (W) and body width. Regression analysis was calculated for length-weight relationships and Fulton's condition factor was determined. The results obtained in September 2019 indicated negative allometric growth, positive allometric growth was recorded in October, while isometric growth was found in March 2020. The average value of the condition factor in September was CF = 1.80±0.13, in October CF = 1.70±0.09, while the condition factor for March was CF = 1.46±0.13. The values of the condition factor indicate that the fingerlings were in good condition.
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- 2021
24. Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms on Solid Supstrates
- Author
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Trulec, Maja and Dujmović, Lidija
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uzgoj ,cultivation ,supstrat ,jestive gljive ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Prehrambena tehnologija ,substrate ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Food Technology ,edible mushrooms - Abstract
Proizvodnja gljiva poznata je stoljećima, kao i njihovo korištenje u različite svrhe. Tržište gljiva i dalje raste zbog interesa za njihove kulinarske, prehrambene i zdravstvene blagodati. One također svojim rastom sudjeluju u gospodarenju otpadom u poljoprivredi i prehrambenoj industriji jer imaju specifični enzimatski potencijal. Pod pojmom jestivih gljiva se najčešće podrazumijevaju organizmi koji imaju izraženo plodno tijelo, odnosno klobuk i stručak i koje se mogu konzumirati. Gljive su značajne kao namirnica jer su sadržajno bogate bjelančevinama, masnim kiselinama i vitaminima, a pojedine vrste imaju i ljekovita svojstva. Uzgajaju se na raznim supstratima, koji se kasnije upotrebljavaju kao supstrat za neku drugu vrstu, kao izvor energije ili krmivo. Kao i u svakom uzgoju, moguća je pojava bolesti i štetnika, no tretiranjem na pravilan način to se nastoji smanjiti. Stoga je zadatak ovog rada prikazati mogućnosti uzgoja jestivih gljiva na čvrstim lignoceluloznim supstratima. The production of mushrooms has been known for centuries, as well as their use for various purposes. The mushroom market continues to rise due to interest in their culinary, nutritional and health benefits. Through their growth, they also participate in waste management in agriculture and the food industry because they have specific enzymatic potentials. The term edible mushrooms most often means organisms that have a notable fertile body, ie a cap and a stalk, and which can be consumed. Mushrooms are important as a food because they are rich in protein, fatty acids and vitamins, and some species also have medicinal properties. They are grown on various substrates, which are later used as a substrate for another species, as an energy source or feed. As in any cultivation, the appearance of diseases and pests is possible, but by treating it in the right way, we try to reduce it. Therefore, the task of this paper is to present the possibilities of growing edible mushrooms on solid lignocellulosic substrates.
- Published
- 2021
25. Borovnica - uzgoj, kemijski sastav i mogućnosti prerade
- Author
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Ali, Anisa and Dragović Uzelac, Verica
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sorte borovnica ,uzgoj ,fenolni spoje ,borovnica ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Prehrambena tehnologija ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Food Technology - Abstract
Borovnica je visoko nutritivna voćka roda Vaccinium raširena u Sjevernoj i srednjoj Americi, srednjoj i istočnoj Europi te na Balkanskom poluotoku koja u Hrvatskoj ima povoljne uvjete za uspješan uzgoj, a najčešće raste u borovim, smrekovim i bukovim šumama. Borovnica nema zahtjevne uvjete za uzgoj, no najbolje joj odgovaraju laka, rastresita, dobro propusna tla i plodna tla. pH tla za najbolji uzgoj borovnice mora iznositi između 4 i 5.2. Također, borovnica je otporna na zimsku hladnoću pa podnosi temperaturu i do -25 °C. S obzirom na dozrijevanje, razlikujemo sorte ranog, srednjeg i kasnog dozrijevanja. Među najčešće zasađenim sortama borovnica u Hrvatskoj i šire su Duke i Bluecrop koji daju najveći prinos, slatko-kisele, aromatične i čvrste bobice koje su pogodne za skladištenje i transport. Plod borovnica okruglog je oblika tamnoplave boje koji sadrži organske kiseline, mineralne tvari, vitamine i fenolne spojeve. Među fenolnim spojevima borovnice jednu od najznačajnijih skupina čine antocijani, poznati antioksidansi koji mogu preventivno djelovati kod nastajanja raznih oboljenja te pozitivno utjecati na zdravlje ljudi. Zbog harmoničnog okusa i izbalansiranog omjera šećera i kiselina, plodovi borovnice su izuzetno prihvaćeni od potrošača te se konzumiraju u svježem obliku, a također se koriste u prehrambenoj industriji za proizvodnju sokova, džemova, čajeva, vina, bombona i sl. Također, borovnica ima primjenu i u farmaceutskoj industriji, ekstrakt borovnice se primjenjuje i u raznim pripravcima poput oftalmoloških preparata, kozmetičkih krema, parfema i sl.
- Published
- 2021
26. POSSIBILITIES OF PLUM CULTIVATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA.
- Author
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Matković, Milutin
- Subjects
PLUM varieties ,CULTURAL maintenance ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,PRODUCE trade ,TWENTY-first century ,ECONOMIC history - Abstract
Copyright of Economics of Agriculture / Ekonomika Poljoprivrede is the property of Institute of Agricultural Economics (IAE) / Belgrade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Primjena i uzgoj ukrasnog grmlja
- Author
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Duvnjak, Dora
- Subjects
ukrasno grmlje ,uzgoj ,primjena - Abstract
Ukrasno grmlje pruža postojanost, oblik i strukturu svakoj površini na kojoj je posađeno. Ujedno je i odlična podloga za cvjetne gredice. Određene vrste se sade zbog svojih prekrasnih i mirisnih cvjetova, atraktivnih plodova, a druge zbog šarolikog ili zimzelenog lišća te obojenih stabljiki. Povećano zanimanje za sadnju ovakvog grmlja se pripisuje novom načinu uzgoja, odnosno prodaji grmlja u kontejnerima. Njihova prednost je što se mogu saditi tijekom cijele godine. Još jedan od razloga je otvaranje vrtnih centara gdje se mogu kupiti različite vrste. Pravilno posađeno grmlje daje osjećaj intime i privatnosti te ovisno o visini i tipu grma, može štititi od nepovoljnog vremena. Ukrasno grmlje osigurava vrtlarenje bez muke i kasnije omogućava sadnju drugih biljki, uz koje dobiva još posebniji izgled.
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- 2021
28. Morfologija čeljusti i škrga vrsta Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758 i Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758) iz uzgoja
- Author
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Profaca, Rea and Ferri, Josipa
- Subjects
zubi ,gills ,škrge ,uzgoj ,Sparus aurata ,breeding ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,Dicentrarchus labrax ,morfometrija ,morphometry ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy ,teeth ,Sparus aurata, Dicentrarchus labrax, zubi, škrge, morfometrija, uzgoj - Abstract
U ovom su diplomskom radu analizirana morfološka i morfometrijska obilježja čeljusti i škrga za dvije vrste iz uzgoja, i to za oradu, Sparus aurata i lubina, Dicentrarchus labrax. Ukupna dužina tijela svih analiziranih jedinki vrste S. aurata se nalazila u rasponu od 22,5 do 29,5 cm, s prosječnom dužinom od 26,20 ± 1,77 cm. Ukupna dužina tijela svih analiziranih jedinki vrste D. labrax je bila u rasponu od 22,5 do 34,5 cm, s prosječnom dužinom od 30,75 ± 2,70 cm. Zubi orade i lubina su smješteni na gornjoj i donjoj čeljusti. Zubi orade su u pravilu okrugli i tupi, a zubi lubina šiljasti. Njihova veličina (opseg i površina kod oradi i dužina kod lubina) je u linearnom odnosu s dužinom ribe. Škržni listići orade bili su resaste strukture, dok su škržni nastavci bili mali i vidljivi samo na prvom škržnom luku. Škrge lubina također imaju škržne listiće resaste strukture te se škržni nastavci također vide samo na prvom škržnom luku, ali su za razliku od onih kod orade puno veći. Prosječna dužina donjeg dijela škržnih lukova je bila veća od dužine gornjeg dijela škržnih lukova i za lubina i za komarču. Navedene dužine su bile u linearnom odnosu s dužinom ribe. In this thesis, we analysed the morphological and morphometric characteristics of jaws and gills for two species from the aquaculture, namely for the sea bream, Sparus aurata and the sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. The total body length of all analysed S. aurata individuals ranged from 22.5 to 29.5 cm, with an average length of 26.20 ± 1.77 cm. The total body length of all analysed D. labrax individuals ranged from 22.5 to 34.5 cm, with an average length of 30.75 ± 2.70 cm. The sea bream and the sea bass teeth are located on the upper and lower jaws. The sea bream teeth are usually round and blunt, while the sea bass teeth are pointed. Their size (area and perimeter in the sea bream and length in the sea bass) is in a linear relationship with the length of the fish. Gill filaments of the sea bream had fringed structures, while gill rakers were small and visible only on the first gill arch. The gills of the sea bass also have fringed structured gill filaments and the gill rakers are also visible only on the first gill arch, but unlike those of the sea bream they are much larger. The average length of the lower part of the gill arches was greater than the length of the upper part of the gill arches for both sea bass and sea bream. The mentioned lengths were in a linear relationship with the length of the fish.
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- 2021
29. Uzgoj i proizvodnja izvornih pasmina goveda na području Republike Hrvatske
- Author
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Omerčić, Tea
- Subjects
uzgoj ,izvorne pasmine goveda ,buša ,istarsko govedo ,slavonsko-srijemski podolac - Abstract
Buša, istarsko govedo i slavonsko-srijemski podolac sastavni su dio genetske raznolikosti te demografske i kulturne baštine Republike Hrvatske. Izvorne pasmine goveda oduvijek imaju veliku ulogu u životu lokalnog stanovništva. Primarno su se koristile za rad, no bile su i ostale izvor mesa i mlijeka, danas proizvoda s dodanom vrijednosti. Uzgoj izvornih pasmina goveda tijekom zadnjih dvadesetak godina obuhvatio je brojne promišljene postupke u cilju oporavka, očuvanja i uzgoja pasmina sukladno tradiciji. Populacijski trendovi pokazuju porast broja rasplodnih jedinki, s najmanjim brojem rasplodnih krava i bikova u pasmine slavonsko-srijemski podolac. Za održavanje genetske raznolikosti unutar pasmina od ključne su važnosti buduće strategije razvoja, usavršavanje uzgojnih programa, suradnja udruga uzgajivača sa znanstvenim i drugim institucijama te zajedničko nastojanje da se poveća broj rasplodnih jedinki, u čemu bitnu ulogu ima poboljšanje sustava uzgoja te upravljanje proizvodnošću i zaštitom zdravlja stada.
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- 2021
30. Length-weight relationship and condition of greater amberjack juveniles (Seriola dumerili) in aquaculture
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Šošić, Mislav and Matulić, Daniel
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korelacije ,Fultonov indeks kondicije ,uzgoj ,aquaculture ,Gof, Seriola dumerili, dužinsko – maseni odnos, Fultonov indeks kondicije, korelacije, uzgoj ,correlation ,length-weight relationship ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,Gof (Seriola dumerili) ,dužinsko – maseni odnos ,Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) ,Fulton's condition factor ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy - Abstract
Istraživanje je imalo za cilj odrediti dužinsko-masene odnose i kondiciju mlađi gofa (Seriola dumerili) iz uzgajališta Mala Lamjana - Cromaris d.d.. Tijekom rujna i listopada 2019. te ožujka 2020. godine provedeno je uzorkovanje i mjerenje osnovnih morfometrijskih značajki: totalna dužina (TL), masa (W), dužina do vilice (FL), visina tijela i indeks kondicije (CF) mlađi ribe gofa (Seriola dumerili). Regresijskom analizom su izračunati dužinsko – maseni odnosi ribe te je izračunat Fultonov faktor kondicije. U rujnu 2019. i ožujku 2020. godine utvrđen je negativan alometrijski rast (b=2,479; b=2,221), dok je u listopadu 2019. zabilježen pozitivan alometrijski rast (b=3,429) jedinki. Indeks kondicije tijekom rujna je iznosio CF=1,20, a tijekom listopada CF=1,21. U ožujku je kondicija riba bila nešto nižih vrijednosti (CF=1,12). Provedena mjerenja i analize dobivenih rezultata ovog istraživanja indiciraju negativni alometrijski rast mlađi gofa u uzgoju tj. jedinke su napredovale više u dužini nego na masi. Usporedbom rezultata provedenog istraživanja s dostupnom literaturom, indeks kondicije jedinki u uzgoju ukazuje na niže vrijednosti u odnosu na divlje populacije gofova istih kategorija. The aim of this research was to determine length- weight relationship and condition of greater amberjack juveniles (Seriola dumerili) at the Mala Lamjana fish farm of the company Cromaris d.d. During September and October 2019 and March 2020, sampling and measurement of basic morphometric characteristics: total length (TL), weight (W), fork length (FL), body height and condition factor (CF) of greater amberjack juveniles (Seriola dumerili). The regression analysis was used to calculate the length-weight relationship of the fish as well as Fulton's condition factor. Negative allometric growth (b = 2.479; b = 2.221) was determined in September 2019 and March 2020, while positive allometric growth (b = 3.429) was recorded in October 2019. The condition factor in September was CF = 1.20 and in October CF = 1.21. In March the condition factor was slightly lower CF = 1.12. Performed measurements and analyses of the obtained results of this research indicate negative allometric growth of greater amberjack juveniles in breeding, meaning that individual fish improve more in length than they gain in weight. By comparing the results of this research with published papers, the condition factor in bred fish shows lower values compared to wild populations of greater amberjacks of the same category.
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- 2020
31. Shellfish farming along the eastern Adriatic coast
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Hajder, Matteo and Nerlović, Vedrana
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uzgoj ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Biotehnologija ,dagnja ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,školjkaši ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Biotechnology ,farming ,shellfish ,mussels ,Jadran ,oysters ,Adriatic ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy ,kamenica - Abstract
Uzgoj školjkaša uz istočnu obalu Jadrana temeljen je na višestoljetnoj tradiciji koja se do danas nije puno mijenjala. U radu je posebna pažnja usmjerena na opisu tradicionalnih metoda uzgoja najzastupljenijih vrsta školjkaša, dagnje i kamenice. U radu je naglasak na lokacije gdje se školjkaši uzgajaju već dugi niz godina, Malostonski zaljev i Limski kanal. Hrvatsko školjkarstvo ima velike potencijale za daljnji razvoj, zbog kvalitete mora i mnogobrojnih lokacija koje su pogodne za uzgoj. Proizvedene količine dagnje i kamenice ne zadovoljavaju domaću potražnju na tržištu koja se rapidno povećava za vrijeme turističke sezone. Naime, ulaganjem u ovaj sektor koji je rastući u svijetu zbog sve veće potražnje za morskim organizmima povećat će se proizvodnja koja će dovesti do izvoza i pozitivne vanjskotrgovinske bilance. Shellfish farming along the eastern Adriatic coast is based on a centuries-old tradition that has not changed much to this day. The paper gives special attention to the description of traditional methods of growing the most common species of shellfish, mussels and oysters. In this paper, locations where shellfish have been farmed for many years, the Mali Ston Bay and the Lim Channel, are emphasized. Croatian shellfish farming has great potential for further development, due to the quality of the sea and numerous locations that are suitable for breeding. The quantities of mussels and oysters produced do not meet the domestic demand on the market, which is rapidly increasing during the tourist season. Namely, investing in this sector, which is growing in the world due to the growing demand for marine organisms, will increase production, which will lead to exports and a positive foreign trade balance.
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- 2020
32. Establishment of suitable cultivars of american blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) for ecological cultivation on territory of Cetingrad
- Author
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Požgaj, Gabrijela and Fruk, Goran
- Subjects
uzgoj ,cultivation ,morphology ,morfologija ,cultivars ,sorte ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,borovnice ,phenology ,fenologija ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy ,blueberry - Abstract
Američka borovnica (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) je u pogledu agroekoloških uvjeta zahtjevna, no uz pravilno podizanje i njegu nasada, a ponajprije odabir adekvatnih sorata profitabilna voćna vrsta. Na području Cetingrada nalazi se nasad američke borovnice u ekološkom uzgoju sa četiri sorte, te još 10 sorata u pokusnom dijelu nasada. Praćenjem morfoloških karakteristika i fenoloških faza svih 14 sorata zabilježene su i prikazane sortne karakteristike. Temeljem dobivenih rezultata doneseni su zaključci kako bi se utvrdilo koje su sorte najpogodnije za uzgoj na tom području. Opis morfoloških karakteristika sorata borovnice praćen je prema UPOV (International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants) deskriptoru za borovnicu. Fenologija sorata praćena je prema BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemosche Industrie) skali. Sorte Darrow, Patriot i Spartan prve su završile sa cvatnjom, pa tako i razvojem plodova. Sorte Bonus, Darrow, Duke, Patriot i Spartan pokazale su brži razvoj plodova od ostalih sorata. Sorta Duke prva je bila zrela za branje plodova te joj je najduže trajao period berbe, pa se tako pokazala vrlo pogodnom sortom za uzgoj. Sorte Duke, Bluecrop, Ivanhoe, Patriot, Spartan i Toro pokazale su se pogodnima za ekološki uzgoj na području Cetingrada obzirom da su najranije započele sa zriobom plodova te im je najduže trajao period kada su plodovi bili zreli za branje, a plodovi kod navedenih sorata su veliki. American blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is demanding for cultivation in terms of agroecological conditions, but with proper planting and care of plantation, primarily the selection of an adequate cultivars is profitable fruit species. In the area of Cetingrad, there is a plantation of American blueberry in organic cultivation with four cultivars, and ten more cultivars in the experimental part of the plantation. By monitoring the morphological and phenological characteristics of all 14 cultivars, unique characteristics were recorded and presented in this paper, and based on the obtained results, a conclusion was made to determine which cultivars are most suitable for cultivation in this area. The description of the morphological characteristics of the blueberry cultivar was followed according to the UPOV (International Union for the Protection of New Plant Species) descriptor for the blueberry. The phenology of the cultivars was monitored according to BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemosche Industrie) scale. Cultivars Darrow, Patriot and Spartan were the first to finish flowering, and thus fruit growth. Cultivars Bonus, Darrow, Duke, Patriot and Spartan indicated fastest fruits growth than other cultivars. The cultivar Duke was the first to be ripe for picking fruit, and it lasted the longest during the harvest period, so it proved to be a very suitable cultivar. Cultivars Duke, Bluecrop, Ivanhoe, Patriot, Spartan and Toro showed benefits for organic cultivation in the area of Cetingrad, since they started ripening the earliest and had the longest period when the fruits were ripe for picking, and the fruits are in these cultivars big.
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- 2020
33. Effect of litter size, birth weight and sex on survival and growth traits of piglets in highly prolific sows
- Author
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Dujmović, Zrinko and Luković, Zoran
- Subjects
laktacija ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija). Stočarstvo ,porodna masa ,uzgoj ,spol ,Animal husbandry and breeding. Produce of domestic animals and game ,growth ,Stočarstvo i uzgoj životinja. Proizvodi domaćih životinja i divljači ,svinje ,pigs ,birth weight ,udc:636/637(043.3) ,prasad ,lactation ,piglets ,survival ,visokoplodne krmače ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy. Animal Husbandry ,preživljavanje ,veličina legla ,nursing ,sex ,litter size ,hyperprolific sows ,rast - Abstract
Selekcija svinja na veličinu legla u zadnjih dvadesetak godina pokazala se kao jedan od najvažnijih ekonomskih ciljeva u intenzivnoj svinjogojskoj proizvodnji. To je dovelo do stvaranja linija visokoplodnih krmača. Sa nastankom krmača visoke plodnosti javio se problem nemogućnosti tih istih krmača da othrane svu oprasenu prasad. Najčešći razlozi proizlaze iz toga što u velikim leglima dolazi do smanjenja porodnih masa prasadi, kao i do veće varijabilnosti u porodnim masama, a broj funkcionalnih sisa je često manji od broja oprasene prasadi. Prasad manje porodne mase ima sporiji rast i veći postotak uginuća u zadnjoj fazi gravidnosti i tijekom laktacije. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio utvrditi značajnost utjecaja veličine legla, porodne mase i spola na svojstva rasta i preživljavanja prasadi visokoplodnih krmača, odnosno utvrditi da li u velikim leglima sa prasadi manje porodne mase uz određeni utjecaj spola dolazi do negativnog utjecaja na svojstva rasta i preživljavanja te iste prasadi. Podaci su dobiveni na svinjogojskoj farmi OPG Jančo čiji se uzgoj temelji na visokoplodnoj liniji krmača Pen Ar Lan. U prasilištu je slučajnim odabirom odabrana prasad iz pedeset legala. Prasad je nakon prasenja jedinstveno označena radi praćenja tijekom istraživanja, pojedinačno je izvagana je, određen je spol svakom prasetu, te zabilježeni podaci o rednom broju legla, kao i podaci o ukupno oprasenoj prasadi te o broju mrtvooprasene prasadi. Tijekom laktacije i uzgoja svako prase je vagano pet puta. U fazi laktacije prasad je vagana digitalnom vagom Libela, dok je u fazi uzgoja vagana malom stočnom vagom. Na temelju raspodjele i rezultata osnovne statistike svaki sistematski utjecaj je definiran kao utjecaj s nivoima. Za svojstva veličine legla testirani su utjecaji broj ukupno oprasene prasadi, broj živooprasene prasadi te broj mrtvooprasene prasadi. Utjecaj porodne mase definiran je kao utjecaj s pet nivoa, a spol prasadi kao utjecaj s dva osnovna nivoa: muški i ženski, te kao utjecaj legla s obzirom na odnos muških i ženskih jedinki (pretežno muška, mješovita legla, i pretežno ženska legla. Preživljavanje prasadi praćeno je preko svojstava broj mrtvooprasene prasadi i broj prasadi uginule tijekom laktacije. Svojstva rasta prasadi praćena su preko tjelesnih masa prasadi i dnevnih prirasta u nekoliko razdoblja od prasenja do završetka uzgoja prasadi. Osnovna statistika izračunata je primjenom procedura MEANS i UNIVARIATE. Analiza varijance i testiranje sistematskih utjecaja izvršeno je pomoću PROC GLM statističkog paketa SAS, a razlike između nivoa određene su Tukey i F-testom. Istraživanjem je utvrđen značajan utjecaj svojstava veličine legla i porodne mase na preživljavanje i svojstva rasta prasadi, dok nije utvrđen utjecaj spola na preživljavanje i svojstva rasta prasadi visokoplodnih krmača. Najmanje mrtvooprasene i prasadi uginule tijekom laktacije utvrđeno je u leglima u kojima je zabilježeno manje od 17 ukupno oprasene prasadi. U leglima s manje od 14 živooprasene prasadi utvrđen je najveći broj mrtvooprasene prasadi, ali i najmanji broj prasadi uginule tijekom laktacije. Najmanja porodna masa utvrđena je u leglima s više od 16 živooprasene prasadi. Najveći dnevni prirasti utvrđeni su u leglima s manje od 17 ukupno oprasene prasadi i u leglima s 14 -16 živooprasene prasadi. Nakon odbića prasadi veličina legla nije utjecala na dnevni prirast. Iako postoji trend smanjivanja uginuća s rastom porodne mase, razlike u broju mrtvooprasene prasadi i broju prasadi uginule tijekom laktacije nisu značajne. Prasad manje porodne mase ima manju masu pri odbiću i manju masu na kraju faze uzgoja. Prasad manje porodne mase ima manje dnevne priraste u svim razdobljima do kraja uzgoja. Nije utvrđen utjecaj spola na preživljavanje te masu i dnevne priraste prasadi (P>0,05). Primjena suvremenih načina upravljanja proizvodnjom omogućava preživljavanje prasadi niže porodne mase i bolje iskorištenje visokoplodnih krmača. Litter size and birth weight are important traits in pig production. Selection for improved litter size has increased the number of piglets born alive, and the creation of highly prolific sow lines. However, improvement at birth is not completely realized at weaning due to higher postnatal mortality. The number of piglets weaned per sow is a trait of major economic importance in pig production. At least partly, mortality during lactation is related to the decrease in average piglet birth weight. Birth weight is the result of the intrauterine growth of piglets and is considered to be one of the most important factors influencing pig survival. But a whole litter of the sow, the distribution of the birth weight within the litter (mean birth weight and variability within the litter) is of importance for the overall productivity of the sow. Litters with high levels of birth weight variation are claimed to have reduced survival because direct competition excludes light littermates from access to functional and productive teats. As birth weight decreased pigs were more likely to suffer mortality before weaning and during the nursery phase. Not only the survival rate but also postnatal growth performance can be compromised by low birth weight. Piglet birth weight and uniformity of litter are also affected by parity, and sex of piglets. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of litter size, birth weight, and sex on survival and growth traits of piglet in highly prolific sows. Additionally, the variability of birth weight and growth of piglets in the hyper-prolific sow line in one of the top commercial pig farms in Croatia. The experimental herd consisted of 50 Pen Ar Lan Naima sows farrowed between December 2014 and January 2015. Gestating sows were moved to the farrowing rooms one week before the expected parturition day. Sows were treated with d-cloprostenol on day 112 of the gestation period. Each pen was equipped with a commercial crate. One infrared heat lamp was placed in each farrowing crate to provide additional heat to piglets. On average, piglets were weaned at 28 days. From the 5th day after farrowing until weaning, sows were fed ad libitum. Within the first 18 hours of life, piglets were individually weighted, teeth clipped, and tail docked, as well as individuals identified and determined by sex. The third day after farrowing, piglets were injected with iron. Litter size was equalized by cross-fostering within two days after farrowing by moving piglets of smaller birth weight. Male piglets were castrated on the third day of life. During the survey, 720 piglets (Naima sows x P76 Pen Ar Lan hybrid boars) from 50 litters were weighted five times: the 1st day after farrowing (BW), 14th day of life (W2), at weaning on 28th day (W3), 30th day of nursery period (W4), and at the end of nursery period when piglets were old 83 days (W5). The normality of birth weight (BW) was tested using PROC UNIVARIATE (SAS, 2013). Standard deviation (SD) and range were measures of the variability of the birth weight (BW) and other weight measures. The coefficient of variation (CV) related the variability to the mean. Minimal and maximal birth weight showed the extremes in the distribution. Analysis of variance and testing of main effects in the model for live weight at weaning (W3) was performed using PROC GLM (SAS, 2013). The statistical model included effects with levels: litter size, birth weight, and sex of piglets. The effect of liter size is analyzed through the number of piglets total, a number of piglets born alive, and the number of stillborn piglets. Each trait I defined as a trait with levels determined previously by basic statistical analysis using PROC MEANS and PROC UNIVARIATE. Litter size presented as a number of piglets born total is categorized into three groups: 19 piglets. Litter size presented as a number of piglets born alive is categorized into three groups: 16 piglets. Litter size presented as a number of stillborn piglets is categorized into three groups: 0 -1, 2 -3, and >3 piglets. The effect of the sex of the piglets was analyzed in two ways: firstly, in the usual way as the effect of male or female piglet, and secondly as the ration between piglets in litter according to sex as mainly male litters, mixed litters, and mainly female litters. For analysis purposes, BW was categorized into five classes: ≤1,000 kg, 1,001 – 1,200 kg, 1,201 – 1,400 kg, 1,401 – 1,600 kg, and >1,600 kg. Number of piglets born total influenced piglets survival presented as the number of stillborn piglets, number of piglets dead at weaning, and number of total dead piglets (P0,05), but there is evidence that birth weight is smaller in litters of more than 16 piglets born alive (P0.05). The birth weight of piglets had a significant influence on pre-weaning mortality and subsequent growth performances. Pearson correlation coefficients among body weight traits ranged between 0.48 and 0.93. The lowest value of correlation coefficients was observed between birth weight and weight of piglets at weaning. The highest values of correlation coefficients were noticed between weight measurements in the nursery phase. The birth weight significantly influenced the bodyweight of piglets at weaning, as well as body weight at the end of the nursery period. Piglets with BW less than 1.200 kg do not achieve critical live weights of a minimum of 7 kg at weaning, which means they need a prolonged lactation period. The difference in the final live weight at the end of the nursery period between the lightest and the heaviest piglets was more than 10 kg. In all observed periods, there is a significant effect od birth weight on daily gains determined (P
- Published
- 2020
34. Indigenous Grapevine Varieties of Croatia
- Author
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Miličević, Iva and Pichler, Anita
- Subjects
variety ,uzgoj ,cultivation ,vinova loza ,sorta ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Prehrambena tehnologija ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Food Technology ,grapevine - Abstract
Cilj ovog završnog rada je predstaviti i opisati najpoznatije Hrvatske izvorne sorte vinove loze. Izvorne sorte su posebno birane i uzgajane stoljećima u lokalnim vinogradima. Očuvanje izvornih sorti ovisi o čovjeku, njegovom zalaganju za očuvanje autohtonih sorti hrvatskih vinogorja. U ovom radu biti će opisana 21 najpoznatija izvorna sorta vinove loze prema uzoru na ampelografsku shemu. Ampelografska shema obuhvaća ime sorte, sinonime, podrijetlo, rasprostranjenost, morfološka obilježja, agrobiološka svojstva, regionalizacija sorte te gospodarsko-tehnološka svojstva. Hrvatska se dijeli na tri regije uzgoja vinove loze, a to su Istočna kontinentalna Hrvatska, Zapadna kontinentalna Hrvatska i Primorska Hrvatska, a one su još podijeljene na 12 podregija. Ovisno o klimatskim i geografskim mogućnostima za svaku regiju su karakteristične određene sorte. The goal of this paper is to present and describe the most famous indigenous Croatian grapevine varieties. Indigenous varieties have been specially selected and grown for centuries in local vineyards. The preservation of the original species depends on the man and his commitment to the preservation of original Croatian varieties. This paper will describe the 21 most famous original grapevine cultivars modeled on the ampelographic scheme. The ampelographic scheme includes variety name, synonyms, origin, distribution, morphological characteristics, agrobiological characteristics, regionalization of the variety and economic and technological characteristics. Croatia is divided into three vineyard regions, namely Eastern Continental Croatia, Western Continental Croatia and Coastal Croatia, which are further divided into 12 sub-regions. Depending on the climatic and geographical conditions, specific varieties are characteristic of each region.
- Published
- 2020
35. Percepcije i stavovi o ukrasnim karakteristikama i primjeni različitih kultivara afričke ljubičice (Saintpaulia ionantha L.)
- Author
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Boris Dorbić, Sandra Vuković, Ana Vujošević, Emilija Friganović, Željko Španjol, and Jelena Pavić
- Subjects
afrička ljubičica, uzgoj, ukrasne karakteristike, primjena, percepcije i stavovi ,afrička ljubičica ,uzgoj ,ukrasne karakteristike ,primjena ,percepcije i stavovi - Abstract
Od 20. stoljeću pa do danas poznat je veliki broj kultivara afričke ljubičice. Ova vrsta ubrzo je zauzela mjesto među najomiljenijim kućnim biljkama. Afričku ljubičicu karakteriziraju dekorativni srcoliki listovi na dugim peteljkama i cvjetovi koji mogu biti različito obojani. Za njezin rast i razvoj najpogodniji su gotovi supstrati. Tijekom ljetnog perioda vrsta preferira osvijetljeni dio interijera bez direktne sunčeve svjetlosti. Za vrijeme cvatnje ljubičicu je potrebno umjereno zalijevati, a nakon cvatnje ona zahtjeva manju količinu vode. Afričku ljubičicu je tijekom cvatnje dovoljno gnojiti jednom tjedno. Vrsta se uglavnom razmnožava lisnim reznicama ili sjemenom. U radu je kao izvor primarnih podataka korišteno i anketno ispitivanje čiji je cilj bio istražiti percepciju i stavove ispitanika o ukrasnim karakteristikama i primjeni različitih kultivara afričke ljubičice. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da se ispitanicima u pogledu ukrasnih karakteristika nešto više sviđaju kultivari s posebnijim izgledom listova i cvjetova, a s gledišta primjene ljubičice u različitim interijerima ispitanici bi više koristili klasičnije tipove kultivara afričke ljubičice. Održavanje vrste percipiraju kao uglavnom lagano. Navedeno preliminarno istraživanje može poslužiti prilikom krajobraznog oblikovanja interijera i tehnolozima s aspekta proizvodnje i prodaje.
- Published
- 2020
36. GROWTH AND MORTALITY OF GREEN MUSSEL Perna viridis FARMED AT AMBONG BAY AND MARUDU BAY, SABAH, MALAYSIA
- Author
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Irman Isnain, B. Mabel Manjaji-Matsumoto, Julian Ransangan, and Mustapha Shuhadah
- Subjects
Zelena dagnja ,Perna viridis ,uzgoj ,rast ,mortalitet ,Malezija ,Green mussel ,culture ,growth ,mortality ,Malaysia - Abstract
Azijski zeleni školjkaš komercijalno se uzgaja u plimnim vodama nekoliko zatvorenih uvala u državi Sabah u Maleziji. U ovom su istraživanju dva područja na zapadnoj obali Sabaha - zaljev Ambong i zaljev Marudu - odabrana za praćenje rasta i mortaliteta zelenih dagnji uzgajanih na visećim strukturama splava. Stopa rasta i preživljavanja su nadalje povezane s fizikalno-kemijskim parametrima (otopljeni kisik, pH, slanost, temperatura, prozirnost vode, klorofil - a), hranjivim tvarima (fosfat (PO 3-), amonijakom (NH -N), nitratima (NO -N) nitritima (NO -N) te indeksom kondicije dagnji iz svakog od područjaispitivanja, kao i između područja. Dvanaestomjesečna studija rasta (rujan 2017. - kolovoz 2018.) započeta je s ukupno 180 uzoraka školjkaša (90 na svakom području/ lokaciji). Početna prosječna dužina korištenog nasada školjkaša bila je 47,7 ± 3,5 mm za zaljev Marudu te 51,1 ± 3,9 mm za zaljev Ambong. Na kraju eksperimenta, dagnje u zaljevu Marudu postigle su prosječnu dužinu od 73,47± 11,05 mm (SGR 0,17% ± 0,22) u usporedbi sa 64,05 ± 7,44 mm (SGR 0,11% ± 0,22) za zaljev Ambong. Stopa kumulativnog mortaliteta iznosila je 9,2% ± 4,9 za zaljev Marudu te 55,5% ± 30,0 za zaljev Ambong. Pearsonova korelacija ukazala je na značajan pozitivan odnos između mortaliteta i prozirnosti vode (r = 0,684, p, Asian green mussel is commercially farmed in tidal waters in several enclosed bays in Sabah, Malaysia. In this study, two areas on the west coast of Sabah – Ambong Bay and Marudu Bay – were selected for the monitoring of the growth and mortality rates of green mussels farmed in suspension raft. Both growth and survival rates were then correlated with physicochemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, temperature, water transparency, chlorophyll-a), nutrients (phosphate (PO 3-), ammonia (NH3-N), nitrate (NO3-N) and nitrite (NO2-N) and condition index of mussel from each study site, as well as between the study sites. The twelve-month growth study (September 2017 to August 2018) was started with a total of 180 mussel specimens (90 at each site). The initial size (mean) of the mussel seed used was 47.7 ± 3.5 mm and 51.1 ± 3.9 mm for Marudu Bay and Ambong Bay, respectively. Mussels in Marudu Bay attained mean size of 73.47 ± 11.05 mm (SGR 0.17% ± 0.22) compared to 64.05 ± 7.44 mm (SGR 0.11% ± 0.22) for Ambong Bay at the end of the experiment. The cumulative mortality rates were 9.2% ± 4.9 and 55.5% ± 30.0 for Marudu Bay and Ambong Bay, respectively. The Pearson correlation indicated a significant positive relationship between mortality and water transparency (r = 0.684, p
- Published
- 2020
37. Farming of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus Linnaeus, 1758): biology, natural spawning and capture based aquaculture
- Author
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Ćurić, Ivan, Grubišić, Leon, and Matanović, Krešimir
- Subjects
tuna ,Thunnus thynnus ,izlovne kvote ,uzgoj ,bluefin tuna ,fishing quotas ,tuna farming - Abstract
Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) najveći je pripadnik porodice Scombridae. Može dosegnuti tjelesnu masu veću od 700 kg i dužinu veću od 3 m. Iznimno je dobar plivač i može plivati brzinom i do 90 km/h. Obitava u Atlantskom oceanu, Sredozemnom i Crnom moru. Međunarodna komisija za očuvanje atlantskih tuna (International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas, ICCAT) populaciju dijeli na zapadnu, koja se mrijesti u Meksičkom zaljevu, i istočnu, koja se mrijesti u Sredozemnom moru. Tehnologija kaveznog uzgoja tune zasniva se na dohranjivanju izlovljene mlađi podrijetlom iz prirodne populacije. Mlađ tune lovi se na otvorenom moru okružujućim mrežama plivaricama tunolovkama i transportira do uzgojnih kaveza. Državama Europske unije (EU), radi stavljanja u uzgoj, dopušten je izlov mlađi tune tjelesne mase veće od 30 kg. Izuzetak čini Jadransko more gdje je Republici Hrvatskoj i Republici Italiji dopušten izlov jedinki najmanje tjelesne mase od 8 kg, ali isključivo radi stavljanja u uzgoj. Uzgoj ovakvih, manjih primjeraka traje i do 36 mjeseci, dok je pri nasađivanju mlađi veće tjelesne mase uzgoj znatno kraći. Ovakav sustav uzgoja zahtijeva opskrbu izlovljenom mlađi tune i malom plavom ribom kojom se tuna hrani. Izlovne kvote regulira ICCAT i one su glavni ograničavajući čimbenik povećanja proizvodnje. Smanjenjem kvota ugrozila bi se opskrba uzgajališta izlovljenom mlađi što bi dovelo u pitanje proizvodnju koja Republici Hrvatskoj donosi prihod veći od 250 milijuna kuna godišnje., Bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) is the largest member of the Scombridae family. It can reach over 700 kg in weight and over 3 m in length. The bluefin tuna is native to the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterannean and the Black Sea and its population is divided by the International Commission for Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) into the western stock, spawning in the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern stock, spawning in the Mediterranean Sea. Tuna farming is based on the fattening of juveniles caught from wild populations. Juveniles are caught using purse seine nets, transported, and stocked in floating net cages. European Union member countries are allowed to catch individuals larger than 30 kg, for the purpose of fattening. For Croatia and Italy, a minimum size of 8 kg applies for bluefin tuna caught in the Adriatic Sea for farming purposes only. The farming period of small juveniles lasts up to 36 months, compared to the much shorter process when larger specimens are stocked. Capture based aquaculture requires the supply of tuna juveniles and small oily fish for tuna fattening. Fishing quotas are regulated by the ICCAT and limit any increase in production. Reduction of fishing quotas would endanger the supply of farms with juvenile tuna and would jeopardize production, that earns Croatia more than 250 million HRK annually.
- Published
- 2020
38. Basic principles of organic goat farming
- Author
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Milivoje Urošević, Darko Drobnjak, Ersoy Nilda, and Petar Stojić
- Subjects
organska proizvodnja ,koze ,uzgoj ,organic production ,goats ,breeding - Abstract
Organska poljoprivreda, kao proizvodna metoda koja je ekološki prihvatljiva i koji se zasniva na prirodnim procesima i uporabi organskih i prirodnih tvari, u Srbiji je sve popularnija. Osim naziva organska u uporabi su i termini ekološka i biološka proizvodnja. Ciljevi organske poljoprivrede su održavanje i povećanje plodnosti zemljišta, suzbijanje erozije zemljišta, očuvanje bioraznolikosti, zaštita prirodnih resursa od zagađenja i proizvodnja hrane visoke nutritivne vrijednosti. Pri organiziranju organske stočarske proizvodnje prednost se daje domaćim (autohtonim) pasminama koje su prilagođene na lokalne uvjete uzgoja i otporne na bolesti. U organskoj proizvodnji, koja je sastavni dio sustava održive poljoprivrede nije dopuštena uporaba sredstava za zaštitu i ishranu koja su sintetičko-kemijskog podrijetla i sintetičkih lijekova, regulatora rasta, hormona i GMO organizama. Pored uobičajenih, klasičnih, načina uzgoja koza posljednjih godina sve se više govori o potrebi promjene ustaljenih načina uzgoja koza i uvođenju “Bio” sustava, odnosno biološki čistog načina uzgoja. Ovim načinom proizvodnje dobivaju se proizvodi koji su slobodni od kemijskih elemenata koji su sastavni dijelovi mnogobrojnih preparata koji se koriste u konvencionalnoj proizvodnji. U organskoj proizvodnji dobrobit životinja ima prioritet. Prije svega životinjama treba osigurati uvjete za njihov rast i razvoj u skladu s prirodnim genetskim potencijalom. To podrazumijeva poštovanje fizioloških i ekoloških potreba životinja i stvaranje uvjeta za izražavanje prirodnih funkcija i ponašanja. Kako bi se počela, a kasnije organizirala ovakva proizvodnja nužno je ispuniti određene uvjete. Jesu li predviđeni uvjeti ispunjeni i odvija li se proizvodnja po principima biološke proizvodnje što potvrđuju odgovarajuće, akreditirane, institucije. Gospodarstva koja ispunjavaju uvjete biološke proizvodnje dobivaju odgovarajući certifikat. Danas je organska proizvodnja u EU regulirana direktivom EEZ 2092/91, kao i brojnim amandmanima., Organic farming, as an ecologically acceptable production method based on natural processes and the use of organic and natural materials, is becoming increasingly popular in Serbia. In addition to “organic”, this type of production is also commonly called “ecological” or “biological”. The objectives of organic agriculture are to maintain and increase fertility of the land, suppress land erosion, conserve biodiversity, protect natural resources from pollution and produce foods of high nutritional value. In organizing organic livestock production, priority is given to native (indigenous) breeds adapted to local growing conditions and resistant to diseases. Organic production, which is an integral part of the sustainable agriculture system, does not permit the use of protective and nutraceuticals of synthetic chemical origin and synthetic drugs, growth regulators, hormones and GMOs. Despite the common, classical means of goat farming, in recent years there has been increasing interest to change typical farming methods to introduce “Bio” systems, i.e. biologically clean farming methods. Such production methods result in products free of the chemicals that are common in numerous substances used in common production methods. Animal welfare is always a high priority in organic production. Primarily, animals should be provided with conditions for growth and development that are in compliance with their genetic potential. This implies respecting their physiological and ecological needs, and ensuring conditions to express their natural functions and behaviour. In order to start and later organize such production, certain conditions must be met. The appropriate, accredited institutions are responsible for ensuring that the required conditions are met and that production is in line with the principles of biological production. Holdings meeting the requirements of biological production receive the appropriate certificate. Today organic production in the EU is regulated by the EEC Directive 2092/91, and its amendments.
- Published
- 2020
39. agricultural technology and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
- Author
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Antunović, Ante, Stošić, Miro, Gantner, Ranko, and Tadić, Vjekoslav
- Subjects
nutrition ,breeding ,barley ,agrotehnika ,ishrana ,ječam ,kultura ,uzgoj ,agriculture ,culture - Abstract
Ječam se uglavnom koristi za ishranu stoke jer sadrži visoku hranidbenu vrijednost, no značajan dio ječma koristi se u pivarskoj industriji kao i prehrani ljudi. Ječam se na području Republike Hrvatske nedovoljno proizvodi, a razlozi vjerojatno leže u nižim prinosima u odnosu na pšenicu. Ječam je karakterističan za uzgoj zbog svojega kraćeg svjetlosnog stadija u odnosu na druge žitarice i kao takav brže prolazi prve etape organogeneze. U odnosu na pšenicu, ječam ima skromnije zahtjeve prema vlazi i toplini. Ječam je jedna od najvažnijih kultura u ljudskoj ishrani, prema tome treba voditi velikog računa o njezinoj kvalitetnoj i efikasnoj proizvodnji., Barley is mainly used for cattle feeding because it has a high nutritional value, but a significant part of barley is used in the brewing industry as well as in the diet of people. The barley on the territory of the Republic of Croatia is insufficiently produced, and the reasons probably lie in lower yields compared to wheat. Barley is characteristic for breeding because of its shorter light stage compared to other cereals and as soon as the first stage of organogenesis passes. Compared to wheat, barley has modest demands on moisture and heat. Cheese is one of the most important cultures in human nutrition, so it is important to take great care of its quality and efficient production.
- Published
- 2019
40. SOME CHARACTERISTIC OF WATER THAT SUPPLY THE CULTIVATION PLANT OF TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS, WALBAUM, 1792).
- Author
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SPAHO, Enton, SADIKAJ, Rigerta, and ARAPI, Dritan
- Subjects
- *
TROUT farming , *TROUT , *ANIMAL-plant relationships , *AMMONIA - Abstract
This study is focused in some aspects of intensive cultivation of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in plants with concrete canals of type race ways. The aim of this study is to analyze some practics of troutculture in Albania focusing in aspects of plants and to interfere over some elements of technology with the scoupe of optimisation of production. The study will propose some teorical solutions which will orientate the control of environmental parameters in systems of treatments of trouts. The study is realized in the plant of trout cultivation in Verdove (Pogradec), during 2010 and 2011. It has incorporated one cycle of trout treatment for consumption. The density of stock was 215 individuals/m³. During the growth cycle was provide a survival from 85%. In the end of cultivation, the average weight of one trout was 250 g. The minimal value of concentration of ammonia was in January 48 μg/l and the maximal value was in May 92 μg/l [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
41. Rearing tehnology of common octopus Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797
- Author
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Rabadan, Dora and Nerlović, Vedrana
- Subjects
reproduction ,Adriatic Sea ,uzgoj ,cultivation ,growth ,Jadran ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Poljoprivreda (agronomija) ,Octopus vulgaris ,ishrana ,diet ,razmnožavanje ,rast ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Agronomy - Abstract
U ovom radu predstavljena je važna jadranska vrsta, hobotnica Octopus vulgaris, Cuvier 1797,općenite značajke koje su karakteristične za ovu vrstu, njen rast i razvoj.Također, naveden je i gospodarski značaj kao i pokušaji uzgoja u kontroliranim uvjetima. Kao jedna od najvažnijih oktopodnih vrsta u Jadranu često je viđena namirnica u mnogim kućanstvima na obali RH, posebice u Dalmaciji.Obzirom na navedenu potražnjuhobotnica je uzeta kao idealni primjer za uzgoj u marikulturi. Rezultati dosadašnjih istraživanja pokazuju da hobotnica dobro podnosi uzgojne uvjete i u relativno kratkom vremenu postiže konzumnu veličinu.No, u uzgojnim uvjetima su primijećene pojave kanibalizma i sposobnost vrste da pobjegne iz uzgojnih jedinica, kao i potrebe za velikom količinom i raznovrsnom hranom, što dovodi do ekonomskih problema. Izuzev navedenog svi oktopodi pa tako i obična hobotnica služe kao izvor visokovrijednih bjelančevina u ljudskoj prehrani. Thepaperpresentsimportant octopod species in the Adriatic Sea known as common octopus (Octopus vulgaris Cuvier 1979)with its general characteristics, growth and development. Also, their commercial and economic importance as well as experimental attempts of cultivation. As one of the most important octopod species in the Adriatic, it is a commonly used as food in many households on the Croatian coast, especially in Dalmatia.Consequently, octopus has been taken as an ideal example for cultivation in mariculture. According tothe results of conducted experimental research, octopus has shown good adaptations to captive conditions and short growing time to consumption size. However, cannibalism and the ability of the species to escape from cageunits has been observed, as well as the need for large amounts and different types of food, leading to economic problems. In addition, all octopods, including the common octopus, serve as a source of high-quality protein in human consumption.
- Published
- 2019
42. MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER FROM SHALLOW WELLS
- Author
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Matić, Elizabeta and Marčetić, Helena
- Subjects
microbiological ,analiza ,uzgoj ,analysis ,breeding ,voda ,water ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Prehrambena tehnologija ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Food Technology ,bacteria ,mikrobiološka ,bakterije - Abstract
Analiza voda je temelj brige o ljudima i živim organizmima. U vodi žive brojni mikroorganizmi koji mogu biti opasni za zdravlje čovjeka. Kako je voda najvažnija tvar na planeti za život, važno ju je očuvati. Pitke vode na svijetu je vrlo malo, a i taj mali postotak je često zagađen i nije zdravstveno ispravan za korištenje. Voda se analizira na nekoliko načina, a jedan od najbitnijih je mikrobiološka analiza. Ona se provodila na uzorcima vode iz plitkih bunara na području Virovitičko-podravske županije. Voda se analizirala najpouzdanijom metodom mikrobiološke analize, a to je membranska filtracija kojom se bakterije nacjepljuju na hranjivu podlogu i uzgajaju. Time se uzgoje bakterije prisutne u vodi, a gdje neke od njih mogu biti veoma opasne za zdravlje ljudi. Analizom je pokazano kako većina voda iz plitkih bunara ne zadovoljava mikrobiološke uvjete te time može ugroziti zdravlje čovjeka. Većina bakterija u pitkoj vodi su koliformne bakterije, a čijom analizom su ustanovljene brojne kolonije tih vrsta bakterija. Water analysis is the foundation of concern for people and living organisms. There are numerous microorganisms that can be dangerous to human health. As water is the most important substance on the planet for life, it is important to preserve it. Drinking water in the world is very small, and this small percentage is often polluted and is not healthy for use. Water is analyzed in several ways, and one of the most important is microbiological analysis. It was conducted on samples of water from shallow wells in the area of Virovitica-Podravina County. Water was analyzed by the most reliable method of microbiological analysis, which is the membrane filtration by which the bacteria are drawn to the nutrient base and grown. This raises the bacteria present in the water, and where some of them can be very dangerous to human health. The analysis shows that most of the water from shallow wells does not meet microbiological conditions and can thus endanger human health. Most bacteria in drinking water are coliform bacteria, and by this analysis numerous colonies of these bacterial species have been found.
- Published
- 2019
43. Tehnologija uzgoja raži (Secale cereale L.)
- Author
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Valentić, Iva, Stošić, Miro, Iljkić, Dario, and Tadić, Vjekoslav
- Subjects
rye ,raž ,uzgoj ,agrotehnika ,prinos ,cultivation ,agrotechnics ,yield - Abstract
Raž (lat. Secale cereale) je jednogodišnja biljna vrsta iz porodice trava (Poaceae, Gramineae) koja se kao žitarica najviše uzgaja u sjevernoj Europi, a uspijeva do 69.5° sjeverne širine. Ciljevi uzgoja raži slični su onima u uzgoju drugih žitarica maloga zrna. Raženo zrno se koristi uglavnom za hranu, ali i za proizvodnju etanola. Ova žitarica je druga u nizu, nakon pšenice, za proizvodnju kruha, a koristi se i kao pašnjak ili krmno bilje. Također, služi i kao zimski pokrovni usjev jer raste brzo u jesen te pokriva zemlju i tako štiti tlo od erozije. Ova žitarica je posebno važan usjev u Poljskoj, Njemačkoj, Rusiji, Ukrajini i Bjelorusiji. U Hrvatskoj se uzgaja u mnogo manjim količinama. Iako je raž je najzahvalnija i najskromnija žitarica prema klimatskim uvjetima i tlu, kultivirana površina raži i njezina proizvodnja u svijetu znatno se smanjila u posljednjih pola stoljeća. Raž se danas uglavnom proizvodi za industrijske potrebe tržišta, međutim, to su zaista ukupno gledajući male površine., Rye (lat. Secale cereale) is a one-year plant species and a member of the wheat tribe (Poaceae, Gramineae) which is mostly bred as a cereal in northern Europe and it is succesfully bred to 69,5° of the nothern latitude. Goals in rye breeding are similar to those of other small grain cereals. Rye grain is mostly used for food but also for ethanol production. This cereal is, after wheat, the second most used cereal in bread production and it is also used for pasture or roughage. It also serves as a cover crop beacuse it grows fast in the autumn and in that way covers the land and protects it from the erosion. This cereal is very important in Poland, Germany, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. It is also bred in Croatia, but in smaller amount. Although rye is the most thankful and the humblest cereal to breed judging by climate and soil condition needed, cultivated surface of rye and it's production have been significally reduced in last half of the century. Rye is today mostly used for industrial needs of the market, however those amounts are in total view very small amounts.
- Published
- 2019
44. Strategy of cultivation of poly-phosphate accumulating organisms by increasing of natrium acetate concentration
- Author
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Vuković, Matea and Matošić, Marin
- Subjects
mikroorganizmi koji akumuliraju fosfor (PAO) ,uzgoj ,sodium acetate ,cultivation ,natrijev acetat ,BIOTEHNIČKE ZNANOSTI. Biotehnologija ,mikroorganizmi koji akumuliraju fosfor (PAO), natrijev acetat, fosfor, uzgoj ,poly-phosphate accumulating microorganisms (PAO) ,phosphorus ,BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES. Biotechnology ,fosfor - Abstract
U ovom radu praćen je rast i aktivnost organizama koji akumuliraju fosfor (PAO) u laboratorijskom SBR uređaju uzgajanih na sintetičkoj vodi različite koncentracije natrijeva acetata kao izvora ugljika. Pokus je proveden u ciklusima od 6h s izmjenom anaerobne i aerobne faze, a uvjeti rada bili su prilagođeni rastu PAO-a (prosječno T=13,2 °C i pH=8,1). Cilj rada je bio istražiti optimalne uvjete vođenja procesa za uzgoj aktivnog mulja s visokom učinkovitosti uklanjanja fosfora pri višim koncentracijama acetata, odnosno ispitati može li se postupnim povećanjem koncentracije natrijeva acetata prilagoditi aktivni mulj za rad na višim koncentracijama acetata. Tijekom pokusa praćeni su parametri poput uklanjanja ugljika, fosfora i dušika, a za ispitivanje biološke aktivnosti PAO-a provedeno je devet testiranja tijekom uzgoja. Rezultati su pokazali da visoke koncentracije acetata nemaju negativni utjecaj na rast i aktivnost PAO-a ako se proces obrade vode provodi u kratkim ciklusima u trajanju od 6 h, te da takav način vođenja procesa i postupno povećavanje koncentracije acetata dovodi do povećanja udjela PAO-a u aktivnom mulju i učinkovitosti uklanjanja fosfora. In this paper growth and activity of poly-phosphate accumulating organisms (PAO), in a laboratory SBR on synthetic wastewater and with different sodium acetate concentration as a carbon source, were observed. Experiment was conducted in 6 h treatment aerobic/anaerobic cycles with adjusted conditions to promote the growth of PAO (average t=13,2 °C, pH=8.1). The aim of this work was to investigate the optimal process managing conditions for activated sludge cultivation with high efficiency of phosphorus removal at higher acetate concentrations, and to investigate whether the activated sludge can be adjusted to work at higher acetate concentrations by a gradual increase in sodium acetate concentration. During the experiment, parameters such as carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen removal were monitored and nine tests of biological activity of PAO were performed. The results showed that high acetate concentrations will not have a negative influence on PAO activity in short water treatment process cycles that last up to 6 h, and that such a method of managing the process and gradually increasing acetate concentration leads to an increase in PAO's in activated sludge and phosphorus removal efficiency.
- Published
- 2018
45. Utjecaj selekcije na osobine medonosne pčele (Apis mellifera carnica) na području Hrvatske
- Author
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Kovačić, Marin, Puškadija, Zlatko, Raguž, Nikola, Dražić, Marica, and Majić, Ivana
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Apis mellifera carnica ,traits ,breeding ,Varroa destructor ,selection ,uzgoj ,selekcija ,svojstva - Abstract
Siva pčela (Apis mellifera carnica) je autohtona i jedina podvrsta medonosne pčele u Hrvatskoj, a karakteriziraju ju uspješno prezimljavanje, eksplozivan proljetni razvoj, marljivost i dobra sakupljačka aktivnost, niska agresivnost i izraženi rojevni nagon. U istraživanju su uspoređene razlike u svojstvima prezimljavanja, razvoja zajednica, ponašanja pčela i otpornosti na bolesti kod 5 različitih linija sive pčele. Skupine 1 do 3 su lokalnog porijekla koje su pod selekcijom 15 godina. Skupina 4 je lokalnog porijekla i nikada nije bila pod utjecajem selekcije. Skupina 5 je porijeklom iz Njemačke i pod selekcijom je 60 godina. Rezultati istraživanja nisu pokazali značajne razlike između skupina po broju pčela i stanica legla, međutim zabilježen je kasniji razvoj skupine 5 u odnosu na ostale skupine. Najmanji indeks prezimljavanja nakon obje zime zabilježen je u skupini 5, kao i potrošnja hrane tijekom zime. Najlošiju ocjenu za obrambeno ponašanje imale su skupine 4 i 3 koje su bile značajno lošije od skupine 5. Najlošiju ocjenu za mirnoću na saću imala je skupina 4, značajno lošiju od svih ostalih skupina. Rojevni nagon najviše je bio izražen u skupini 4, koja je bila značajno lošije ocjenjena od skupina 1, 3 i 5. Kod proizvodnosti meda i skupljanja peludi nisu zabilježene značajne razlike između skupina, kao ni kod higijenskog ponašanja, svojstva samočišćenja i potisnutog razmnožavanja varoe. Zajednice skupine 4 su najviše, a zajednice skupine 5 najmanje otklapale/poklapale leglo. Kod svih skupina zabilježen je ujednačen razvoj populacije varoe, a kod skupina 4 i 5 zabilježena je nešto manja krajnja populacija u odnosu na prve tri skupine. Na kraju, skupina 4 imala je značajno lošiji selekcijski indeks od skupine 5 dok između ostalih skupina nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike., The carniolan bee (Apis mellifera carnica) is the indigenous and only sub-species of honey bee in Croatia, characterized by its successful overwintering, explosive spring development, diligence and good gathering activity, low aggressiveness and pronounced swarming behaviour. In our study, we compared the differences in the characteristics of overwintering success, colonies development, behaviour and disease resistance traits in 5 different lines of carniolan bees. Groups 1 to 3 were of a local origin selected for 15 years. Group 4 is of local origin and has never been under artificial selection. Queens from Group 5 were from Germany and under selection for 60 years. The results of the study did not show significant differences between the number of bees and brood cells, but a later development of group 5 was recorded compared to other groups. The lowest overwintering index after both winter was recorded in group 5 as well as consumption of food during winter. The worst score for defensive behavior had groups 4 and 3 and were significantly worse than group 5. The lowest score for the calmness on the comb was found in group 4, significantly worse than all other groups. Swarming behaviour was most pronounced in group 4, which was significantly worse rated by groups 1, 3 and 5. In honey production and pollen collection there were no significant differences between groups, as well as with hygienic behavior, grooming and suppressed mite reproduction (SMR). Colonies from group 4 had the highest, and group 5 the lowest recorded recapping of brood cells. In all groups there was a uniform development of varoe population, and in groups 4 and 5 there was a slightly lower population of mites comparing to the first three groups. Finally, group 4 had a significantly worse selection index than group 5, while no significant differences were found among other groups.
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- 2018
46. The effects of top pruning on growth and production of conelets and cones in Pinus brutia Ten seed orchards of different ages
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Murat Alan, Rumi Sabuncu, Turgay Ezen, and Selim Kaplan
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nervous system ,fungi ,Turkish red pine ,breeding ,seed production ,seed orchard management ,afforestation ,brucijski crveni bor ,uzgoj ,proizvodnja sjemenja ,upravljanje sjemenskom plantažom ,pošumljavanje - Abstract
In economic and biological terms (rapid growth, the ability to produce seeds at an early age, etc.) Pinus brutia Ten. is one the most important forest tree species in Turkey. Considerable progress has been made in Pinus brutia Ten. breeding program and both phenotypical and according to the results of progeny trials, totaling 615-hectare seed orchardshas been established. Pinus brutia Ten. seed orchardshas reached 43% of the total orchard area and covered the largest area. To acquire information on the management of seed orchards, top pruning has been carried out on three Pinus brutia Ten. seed orchards of different ages (old, middle-aged and young). Two top pruning regimes were applied in these three seed orchards, once in 2008 to the old orchard, while a single topping regime was applied in 2008 and 2012 to the middle-aged and young orchards.Each year, the height, diameter at breast height, and bi-directional crown diameter were measured, and all conelets and cones on ramets were counted beforeand after pruning. At the end of four years, control ramets in old and young seed orchards had higher values of height, diameter at breast height, and volume indexcompared to the middle-aged orchard. On the other hand, even though the control ramets in the middle-aged seed orchard reached a greater height, pruned ramets reached a greater volume index and diameter at breast height. While the height differences observed between control and pruned ramets in all seed orchards at the beginning eventually decreased, it was observed that the heights of pruned ramets grew proportionally larger. No difference was founded between the control and pruned ramets in terms of cone and conelet production. Pruning intervals and regimes varied in old, middle-aged and young seed orchards, and it was acknowledgedthat top pruning could be used for old, middle-aged and young seed orchard managements., U ekonomskom i biološkom smislu (brzi rast, vrlo rana sposobnost proizvodnje sjemena, itd.), Pinus brutia Ten. jedna je od najvažnijih vrsta šumskog drveća u Turskoj. Postignut je značajan napredak u uzgoju Pinus brutia Ten. u Turskoj te su razvijene sjemenske plantaže na 615 hektara površine, fenotipski i prema rezultatima ispitivanja polusrodnika. Područje koje zauzimaju sjemenske plantaže Pinus brutia Ten., koji pokriva najveće područje od svih vrsta, iznosi 43 % ukupne površine sjemenskih plantaža. Kako bi se prikupili podaci o upravljanju sjemenskim plantažama, izvršeno je prikraćivanje krošnje na trima sjemenskim plantažama Pinus brutia Ten. različite dobi (starim, srednjim i mladim). Dva su režima prikraćivanja primijenjena na ovim trima sjemenskim plantažama, jednom 2008. godine u starijoj plantaži, dok je jedan režim ovršivanja primijenjen 2008. i 2012. godine na srednjoj i mladoj plantaži. Svake su godine mjereni visina, prsni promjer te promjer krošnje u dva smjera te su izbrojani svi češerčići i češeri na rametama tijekom i nakon rezidbe. Po isteku četiri godine, indeks visine, prsnog promjera i volumena povećao se kod kontrolnih rameta u starim i mladim sjemenskim plantažama u usporedbi s plantažom srednje dobi. S druge strane, iako su kontrolne ramete u plantažama srednje dobi dosegle veću visinu, rezane ramete dosegle su veći indeks volumena i prsnog promjera. Dok su se na početku primijećene razlike u visini između kontrolnih i rezanih rameta u svim sjemenskim plantažama postupno smanjile, primijećeno je da su visine rezanih rameta bile proporcionalno veće. Između kontrolnih i rezanih rameta nije bilo razlike u smislu uroda češerčića i češera. Intervali i režimi prikraćivanja varirali su u starim, srednjim i mladim plantažama, te se uočilo da bi se prikraćivanje moglo koristiti u starim, srednjim i mladim sjemenskim plantažama.
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- 2018
47. Kratki tandemski ponovci (Short Tandem Repeats - STR) u genomici i odgajivanju goveda
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Teneva, Atanaska, Todorovska, Elena, Petrović, Milan P., Kusza, Szilvia, Perriassamy, Kathiravan, Caro Petrović, Violeta, Ostojić Andrić, Dušica, and Gadjev, Dimitar
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mikrosateliti ,stoka ,molecular markers ,uzgoj ,cattle ,polimorfizam ,breeding ,molekularni markeri ,STR ,genom ,genome ,microsatellites ,polymorphism - Abstract
Molecular markers are essential tool for determining the specific genetic makeup of an individual and are valuable approach for genetic improvement of farm animals. In cattle breeding their application is useful for improvement of breeding programs for desired traits, better productivity and high quality products. These markers provide more accurate genetic information and better knowledge of the animal genetic resources. In this review we attempt to make a brief summary on the application of one of more advanced DNA-based molecular markers in cattle breeding, namely short tandem repeat (STR, microsatellites). Molekularni markeri su suštinsko sredstvo za određivanje specifičnog genetičkog sastava pojedinca i predstavljaju dragoceni pristup genetičkom oplemenjivanju farmskih životinja. U stočarstvu njihova primena je korisna za poboljšanje programa odgajivanja za željene osobine, veću produktivnost i proizvode visokog kvaliteta. Ovi markeri pružaju preciznije genetske informacije i bolje poznavanje genetičkih resursa životinja. U ovom preglednom radu pokušavamo da napravimo kratak pregled o primeni jednog naprednijeg molekularnig markera zasnovanog na DNK u stočarstvu, a to su kratki tandemski ponovci (STR, mikrosateliti).
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- 2018
48. Olive growing in Herzegovina
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Ante Biško, Marija Prlić, Miro Barbarić, and Marijo Leko
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Horticulture ,olive ,Olea europea ,growing ,frost damage ,Drought resistance ,Cold tolerance ,Pollinator ,Cultivar ,Biology ,maslina ,uzgoj ,štete od mraza ,olive, Olea europea, growing, frost damage - Abstract
The cultivation of olive trees (Olea europaea L.) has been expanding in Herzegovina significantly in the last fifteen years. In the past olives were principally grown in the hinterland of Neum, while in recent years the olive groves have been spreading throughout other parts of Herzegovina, in particular in the vicinity of the town of Ljubuški. Most common are the small family plantations. However, in some cases, there are plantations of several to 50 hectares. In the past fifteen years approximately 300 hectares of olive groves were planted. Unfortunately, in some cases, not enough attention was paid to the selection of sites in terms of appropriate soil- and microecological conditions, and to the selection of pollinators. The most common variety is Oblica, autochthonous Croatian variety, characterized by good tolerance to poor and shallow soil, drought and low temperatures. Oblica is followed by Istarska bjelica, Leccino and Pendolino, which together make up about 90% of varieties. Less commonly grown varieties include Carolea, Levantinka and Buža (approximately 10% of varieties). Several autochthonous Croatian varieties and some introduced varieties are being used as pollinators. Levantinka (that is commonly used as Oblica’s pollinator in Croatia) proved to be sensitive to frost in Herzegovina, so it should be used only to a limited extend in appropriate sites, or it should be omitted. The situation is similar with the variety Pendolino which showed, compared to the Oblica, more sensitive to frost, and the growers have to be cautious if planning to use it as a pollinator. In the future it is necessary to: a) carry out professional monitoring and evaluation of varieties already planted in different agro-ecological conditions of Herzegovina, b) include new potentially valuable varieties in the pre-introduction variety testing, c) pay special attention to the issue of pollinator for Oblica, seeing that it is a valuable variety resistant to low temperatures, whose pollinators Levantinka and Lastovka are, on the contrary, sensitive to frost., U posljednjih petnaestak godina maslina (Olea europea L.) se značajnije širi na području Hercegovine. Ranije se maslina intenzivnije uzgajala u zaleđu grada Neuma dok se posljednjih godina širi u ostalim područjima Hercegovine, posebice području grada Ljubuškog. Najčešće se radi o manjim obiteljskim plantažama. Međutim, u pojedinim slučajevima, podižu se plantaže od nekoliko pa čak do 50 hektara. U posljednjih petnaestak godina podignuto je cca 300 ha nasada masline. Nažalost, u pojedinim slučajevima, nedovoljno pozornosti se posvećuje odabiru lokacije u pogledu pedoloških i mikroekoloških prilika, te odabiru oprašivača. Od sortimenata najzastupljenija je hrvatska autohtona sorta Oblica koja dobro podnosi škrta i plitka tla, sušu i niske temperature, zatim slijede Istarska bjelica, Leccino i Pendolino, koje zajedno s Oblicom čine 90% sortimenta, te sporadično Carolea, Levantinka i Buža (zajedno cca 10%). Od oprašivača koristi se više hrvatskih autohtonih ili introduciranih sorata. Levantinka koja se u Hrvatskoj dosta koristi kao oprašivač za Oblicu, potvrdila se osjetljivom na pozebe pa ju treba koristiti veoma ograničeno na posebno pogodnim položajima ili u potpunosti izostaviti. Slična situacija je i sa sortom Pendolino, koja se pokazala osjetljivijom na pozebe u odnosu na Oblicu, pa je potreban oprez kod planiranja ove sorte kao oprašivača. U budućim aktivnostima potrebno je: a) posvetiti se stručnom praćenju i ocijeni posađenih sorti u različitim agroekološkim uvjetima Hercegovine, b) uključivati u predintrodukcijske pokuse nove potencijalno vrijedne sorte, c) pozornost posvetiti pitanju oprašivača za sortu Oblicu, posebice što se radi o vrijednoj sorti otpornoj na niske temperature, čiji su oprašivači Levantinka i Lastovka osjetljivi na pozebe.
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- 2018
49. Microgreens kao funkcionalna hrana
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Anja Šagud, Fabijan Kos, Antonia Skomrak, Marijan Butković, Nevena Opačić, Josipa Đurak, and Sanja Fabek Uher
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vegetables ,production ,minerals ,vitamins ,povrće, uzgoj, minerali, vitamini ,povrće ,uzgoj ,minerali ,vitamini - Abstract
Među funkcionalnim namirnicama posljednjih godina često se ističu microgreens različitog povrća, aromatičnog bilja i žitarica kao izvor polifenola, vitamina i minerala, koji pokazuju pozitivan utjecaj na ljudsko zdravlje. Microgreens se konzumiraju u fazi kotiledona i nepotpuno razvijenih prvih pravih listova u svježem stanju pa ne dolazi do gubitka hranjivih tvari tijekom obrade. Nutricionisti preporučuju konzumaciju microgreensa zbog veće količine vitamina i minerala, odnosno, manje količine nitrata u odnosu na potpuno razvijene biljke. U radu je, na temelju pregleda literature, prikazan izbor vrsta, nutritivna vrijednost, tehnologija uzgoja i upotreba microgreensa., Among functional foods, microgreens of different vegetables, aromatic herbs and grains are highlighted as a source of polyphenols, vitamins and minerals. Their consummation has a positive effect on human health. Microgreens are consumed raw, in the cotyledon phase with not fully developed first real leaves, therefore there is no nutrient loss during thermal processing. Nutritionists recommend the microgreens due to a higher content of vitamins and minerals, i.e. lower content of nitrates, compared to mature plants. This paper provides an overview about the selection of species, nutritional value, production technology and use of microgreens according to the recent studies.
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- 2018
50. Wirtschaftliche Nachhaltigkeit einer nicht kommerziellen und intensiven Kaninchenzucht: Fallstudie aus Slowenien
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Jernej Prišenk, Ivo Grgić, Jernej Turk, Karmen Pažek, and Marjan Janžeković
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Kaninchen ,Zucht ,Fleisch ,wirtschaftliche Analyse ,conejo ,cría ,carne ,análisis económica ,kunić ,uzgoj ,meso ,ekonomska analiza ,food and beverages ,rabbit ,breeding ,meat ,economic analysis ,coniglio ,allevamento ,analisi economica - Abstract
The aim of this study is to present the calculation of technological and economic viability in rabbit meat production. The input data and due results were based on a real case (farm) from Slovenia. The farm primarily produces rabbit meat for self-sufficient consumption, not for commercial purposes. The economic calculations were based on data collected from two production cycles, totalling 221 rabbits. Results show that production is economically justified when the selling price of rabbit meat amounts to at least 8 EUR/kg. Should the selling price of rabbit meat reach 9 EUR/kg, the financial result would increase for approximately 15 %. The analysis of economic viability in rabbit meat production confirms that such production is economically justified., Cilj ovog rada je prikazati tehnološku i ekonomsku održivost proizvodnje mesa kunića. Ulazni podaci i dobiveni rezultati preuzeti su iz poslovanja odabrane farme u Sloveniji. Farma meso kunića prvenstveno proizvodi za vlastite potrebe, a ne u komercijalne svrhe. Izračuni ekonomskih pokazatelja temelje se na podacima prikupljenima tijekom dva proizvodna ciklusa, ukupno 221 kunić. Rezultati pokazuju da je proizvodnja ekonomski opravdana pri prodajnoj cijeni mesa kunića od najmanje 8 EUR/kg. Kada bi se postigla prodajna cijena mesa kuniće od 9 EUR/kg, financijski bi rezultati bili uvećani za otprilike 15 %. Analiza ekonomske održivosti proizvodnje mesa kunića potvrđuje ekonomsku opravdanost njegove proizvodnje., Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die technologische und wirtschaftliche Nachhaltigkeit der Herstellung von Kaninchenfleisch zu zeigen. Die Eingangsangaben und gewonnenen Ergebnisse wurden aus der geschäftlichen Tätigkeit einer auserwählten Farm aus Slowenien übernommen. Die Farm stellt Kaninchenfleisch in erster Linie für den Eigenbedarf und nicht zu kommerziellen Zwecken her. Die Berechnung der wirtschaftlichen Parameter beruht auf Angaben, die während zwei Herstellungszyklen gesammelt wurden, von insgesamt 221 Kaninchen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine wirtschaftliche Produktion bei einem Verkaufspreis für Kaninchenfleisch von mindesten 8 EUR/kg. Bei einem Verkaufspreis für Kaninchenfleisch von 9 EUR/kg, würden die finanziellen Ergebnisse um circa 15% ansteigen. Die Analyse der wirtschaftlichen Nachhaltigkeit der Herstellung von Kaninchenfleisch bestätigt die Wirtschaftlichkeit seiner Herstellung., L’obiettivo di questo studio consiste nell’illustrare la sostenibilità tecnologica ed economica della produzione della carne di coniglio. I dati d’input e i risultati ottenuti sono stati attinti dall’attività di una certa fattoria operante in Slovenia. Questa fattoria produce carne di coniglio prevalentemente per uso proprio; non si tratta, dunque, di un allevamento commerciale. I calcoli degli indicatori economici si basano sui dati raccolti nel corso di due cicli di produzione, per un totale di 221 conigli. I risultati ottenuti ci dicono che tale produzione sarà giustificata dal punto di vista economico se il prezzo di vendita della carne del coniglio sarà pari ad almeno 8 EUR/kg. Se si riuscisse ad ottenere un prezzo di vendita pari a 9 EUR/kg, i risultati finanziari subirebbero un aumento di circa il 15%. L’analisi della sostenibilità economica della produzione della carne di coniglio conferma la giustificazione economica della sua produzione., El objetivo de este trabajo fue mostrar la sostenibilidad tecnológica y económica de la producción de carne de conejos. Los datos de entrada y los resultados fueron tomados de una granja elegida de Eslovenia. La granja produce la carne de conejos principalmente para sus propias necesidades y no con el fin comercial. El cálculo de indicadores económicos está basado en datos recogidos de dos ciclos de producción, con 221 conejos en total. Los resultados muestran que la producción tiene la justificación económica con el precio de venta de carne de conejos por lo menos 8 EUR/kg. Si se alcanzaría el precio de venta de carne de conejos de 9 EUR/kg, los resultados financieros aumentarían aproximadamente 15%. El análisis de sostenibilidad económica de la producción de carne de conejos confirma la justificación económica de su producción.
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- 2018
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