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Women in Reformation The position of women developed throughout history. Religious reformation, which took place in the early 16th century in the German speaking countries and hundred years earlier in the Czech Kingdom, was one of the movements which changed radically the position of women in the society. First, the religious leaders beginning with Martin Luther changed the clerical view which saw women as incompetent, incomplete and sinful beings into one of respect to the gender and its specifics and to the biological role played by women - motherhood. As a result, women were respected in the society as wives and mothers; nobody wrote preaching about them being danger to men anymore. But with the attack on the monasteries women were deprived of the only way for higher education and independence offered to them in these institutions. The Czech reformation never fully changed its view on marriage. Celibacy and virginity were still considered better ways to salvation then marriage and especially its consummation. In the end both Utraquists and the Unity of Brethren accepted Luther's view on marriage, especially the marriage of priests, but never fully. They tended to see celibacy as the better although for most people impossible way. But the position of women in these branches of Czech reformation was...

This study deals with the life of utraquist clergyman Jiřík Tesák Mošovský in urban community of Bohemian countries in the 16th and 17th century. The main topic was especially his world of ideas and his opinion of local community. In the four following chapters will be present step by step the relations between clerical and secular patrons, administration of the city Český Brod as well the routine life of Jiřík Tesák Mošovský. There were used old prints writing by Jiřík Tesák Mošovský to understand his personality. Extending knowledges about activities in the utraquist parishes before the battle of White Mountain was the main purpose of this study. New discoveries should extend knowledge about importance of the utraquist Church in history of Bohemian countries.