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Introduction: The changes made to the Brazilian Forestry Legislation, with Law No. 12,651/12,727 (2012), impacted the demarcation and restoration of Permanent Preservation Areas (APP). Objective: The objective of this work was to delimit and evaluate the APP scenarios in the municipality of Porciúncula/RJ, Brazil, inserted in the Atlantic Forest biome, following the variations of the Brazilian forest legislation since the 1965 Forestry Code until nowadays. Methods: All data analysis was performed using RapidEye-REIS satellite scenes from 2014 and 2015, supervised classification of land use and land cover, basin hydrography, digital elevation model and processing in ArcGIS 10.2 software. The scenarios adopted were: I) Law No. 4,771/1965 and CONAMA Resolution No. 303/2002; II) Laws No. 12,651/2012 and No. 12,727/2012; III) Laws No. 12,651/2012 and No. 12,727/2012 and INEA Resolution No. 93/2014. Results: There was a predominance of agricultural and forest areas, adding more than 90% of the municipality, in the mapping with 96% global accuracy and Kappa index of 0.91. As for the evaluation of the scenarios, it was identified that Scenarios II and III impacted the reduction of APPs by 11.42% and 10.19%, demonstrating the impact of changes in accordance with changes in legislation over the years. In contrast, the legislation of the State of Rio de Janeiro provides a greater percentage of the protected area. Conclusion: It is concluded that the current forest legislation has caused loss of protection in important environmental areas and may increase the fragility of the entire ecosystem in the municipality and region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Remote sensing allows for identification of regularities and irregularities in land use and land coverage (LULC) change in relation to environmental legislation. The aim of this study was to delimit scenarios in the permanent preservation areas (PPAs) according to the Brazilian forestry law, with or without consolidated uses in the basin of Capivari River and the State of Rio de Janeiro in the Atlantic Forest biome. Mapping and analysis were performed on LULC in areas of permanent preservation using the following data: RapidEye-REIS satellite scenes acquired in 2012 and Bhattacharyya distance classifier and hydrography of the basin and digital elevation model (1:25.000) using Spring and ArcGIS software. The legal scenarios adopted were as follows: I) Federal Law N°. 4,771/1965 and the National Council for the Environment (CONAMA) N°. 303/2002; II) Federal Law N°. 12,651/2012; and III) Federal Law N°. 12,651/2012 and N°. 12,727/2012. The classification presented an excellent overall accuracy of 91.15% and a Kappa Index of 0.86 in relation to the samples of the six multipurpose classes having the anthropic uses of agriculture, burned pasture, exposed soil and urbanization, which were present with conflicting uses for Scenarios I, II and III. The new forest legislation for the PPAs of Scenario III impacted the reduction of 68% compared to Scenario I, which corroborates with the concerns on the conservation of water and soil resources.