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With the acceleration of urbanization and continuous population growth in China, transportation issues in central cities, especially large and mega-cities, have become increasingly prominent. A series of problems such as economic efficiency decline and reduced residents' well-being caused by traffic congestion have become significant factors constraining the sustainable development of cities. As a core component of the urban transportation system, the prioritized development of urban public transportation is crucial for alleviating traffic congestion, improving environmental quality, and enhancing residents' quality of life. However, from the beginning of 2023, the share of public transportation in residents' travel has gradually decreased, with the total passenger volume still lower than the same period in 2019. In response to the challenges faced by the public transportation system under the new circumstances, this paper reviews the necessity of prioritized development of urban public transportation, analyzes the reasons for the decline in the share of public transportation in residents' overall travel modes, and proposes targeted suggestions. On this basis, the paper explores the intrinsic connection between the strategy of prioritizing public transportation development and sustainable urban development.

Rapid urbanization has resulted in various challenges, including a decline in environmental quality, traffic congestion, housing tensions, and employment difficulties. To address these issues, the United Nations introduced the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development". One of the specific targets, 11.2.1, aims to tackle transportation problems. This study focuses on Guilin City, which is designated as an innovation demonstration zone for the national sustainable development agenda. The research conducted in this study examines the state of public transportation in six urban areas of Guilin City from 2015 to 2021, utilizing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) indicator system, evaluation method, geospatial analysis, and entropy value method. The findings reveal that the coverage area of public transportation in the six urban areas of Guilin City expanded from 147.98 km2 in 2015 to 259.18 km2 in 2021. The percentage of the population with access to public transportation increased from 69.06% in 2015 to 71.63% in 2018 and further to 75.60% in 2021. While the accessibility of public transportation in the other four districts exceeds 90%, Lingui District and Yanshan District have lower accessibility, but it is gradually improving. The center of gravity for public transportation is also shifting towards the southwest, with Lingui District and Yanshan District experiencing gradual development. The evaluation score for sustainable development increased from 64.30 to 74.48, indicating a transition from a low sustainable development level to medium sustainable development level. Significant progress has been made in the indicators of the share of new energy buses, the rate of bus sharing, the coverage rate of bus stops, and the number of public transportation vehicles per 10,000 people. However, the indicators for the average distance between bus stops, the average speed of public transportation, and the density of public transportation routes are growing at a slower pace. The development of urban public transportation continues to improve, and the overall trend is positive. The sustainable development evaluation framework and positioning method proposed in this study serve as a reference for the sustainable development of Guilin City. Additionally, it provides insights for evaluating the sustainable development goals of public transportation in tourist cities like Guilin in China and worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urbanization and the increasing frequency of extreme climates affect the sustainability of urban public transportation systems, and improving resilience is one of the primary directions for sustainable development. To scientifically assess the resilience of urban public transportation systems, a resilience assessment model based on structure and function is established in this study. This model mathematically quantifies and simulates the structural and functional changes in public transportation systems under disruption scenarios and provides a comprehensive assessment of six abilities: 1) structural resistance, 2) structural recoverability, 3) functional resistance, 4) functional recoverability, 5) passenger adaptability, and 6) management adaptability. Depending on the initial failure stations, this model can simulate the resilience of a public transportation system under various scenarios. This model is applied to assess the resilience of public transportation systems in a provincial capital city under an equipment failure scenario. The results show that the impact of equipment failure on resilience varies according to the metro lines, and improvement strategies for functional recoverability and management adaptability are proposed. The weaknesses in the resilience of urban public transportation systems can be identified using the proposed model, which helps provide strategies for improving the capacity to face perturbations.

In the city of Tehran, many problems have become unsolvable problems, and the main reason for that is the existence of a project-oriented perspective in solving Tehran's urban problems. Tehran's urban public transportation is one of these problems that has led to a lot of dissatisfaction among citizens. In order to apply correct management in any field, appropriate policy making should be done because the policy making process is considered as the basis of management. One of the most important frameworks in policy making is the use of network governance due to the creation of a multifaceted perspective in solving complex problems. In this research, in order to adopt urban public transport policy in network governance, its challenges have been investigated. This research has been conducted using a qualitative method using thematic analysis strategy. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview with scientific and executive experts, the interviews were coded using a descriptive method, and the coding reliability was calculated using the agreement method between the coders, and the agreement coefficient was 90%, which is acceptable. Then, the data was analyzed with MaxQD software and a network of themes was created regarding the challenges, in this network, the challenges are divided into five themes of organizing effective and relevant institutions, the structure of institutions, the way institutions are coordinated, the duties of institutions and conditions. environment were identified.

Copyright of International Journal of Engineering Research & Development (IJERAD) is the property of International Journal of Engineering Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ulaştırma altyapısı bir ülkenin gelişmişlik düzeyini gösteren en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Bu nedenle yaşam kalitesi endeksi yüksek olan şehirlerde ileri düzeyde toplu taşıma sistemleri bulunduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Günümüzde kentiçi nüfusun artışına paralel olarak insan hareketliliği fazlalaşmış ve toplu taşıma şehir yaşamının en önemli unsurlarından biri haline gelmiştir. Kentiçi toplu taşıma yatırımlarının yüksek maliyetli olması, karar vericilerin kısa vadede yeni yatırımlara odaklanmalarından ziyade ilave yatırım gerektirmeyen ve mevcut filoların daha etkin kullanılmasını sağlayacak performans artırıcı çalışmalara yönelmelerine neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Erzurum Büyükşehir Belediyesi Başkanlığına ait toplamda 29 otobüs hattından oluşan kentiçi toplu taşıma sistemi incelenerek mevcut sistemin verimliliğinin artırılmasına yönelik bir karışık tamsayılı programlama modeli geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen model ile haftaiçi ve haftasonu yolcu talepleri, otobüs tip ve kapasiteleri de gözönüne alınarak, hatlarda hizmet veren otobüs sayıları ile atıl kapasitenin minimizasyonu amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda karar vericilerin geçmiş tecrübelerine ve taleplerine göre matematiksel modelde değişiklikler yapılarak alternatif senaryo ve çözümler üretilmiştir.

In this study, we propose a novel multi-objective nonlinear mixed-integer mathematical programming model for the transit network design and frequency setting problem that aims at designing the routes and determining the frequencies of the routes to satisfy passenger demand in a transit network. The proposed model incorporates the features of real-life transit network systems and reflects the views of both passengers and the transit agency by considering the in-vehicle travel time, transfers, waiting times at the boarding and transfer stops, overcrowding and under-utilization of vehicles, and vehicle fleet size. Unlike previous studies that simplify several aspects of the transit network design and frequency setting problem, the proposed model is the first to determine routes and their frequencies simultaneously from scratch, i.e., without using line and frequency pools while considering the aforementioned issues, such as transfers and waiting. We solve the proposed model using Gurobi. We provide the results of what-if analyses conducted using a real-world public bus transport network in the city of Kayseri in Türkiye. We also present the results of computational tests implemented to validate and verify the model using Mandl benchmark instances from the literature. The results indicate that the model produces better solutions than the state-of-the-art algorithms in the literature and that the model can be used by public transit planners as a decision aid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary goal of this research study is to perform a comparative analysis of the growth and coverage of the urban public transport system in the city of Manizales (Colombia) between the years 2010, 2015, and 2021. Geostatistical models are applied as a methodological basis, complemented with coverage and supply change analyses. The results show an increase in travel time between 2010 and 2015, suggesting stagnation in the expansion of the transportation system. There is a significant leap in public transport coverage between 2015 and 2021, which may be explained by transport infrastructure improvements in the city. It is concluded that the dynamics of coverage and access offered by an urban public transport system may be affected by the dynamics of urban growth if substantial and relevant interventions are not made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of twenty-first century, most nations are involved with serious issues and challenges related to urbanisation. Urbanisation is the result of rising income, the majority of which is spent on meeting the demands of growing mobility. People travel on a regular basis for a variety of physical, psychological, and economic reasons, including employment, shopping, leisure, recreation, and so on. Increased population, a high proportion of urbanisation rate, and rapid growth of private vehicles, along with rising transportation needs, are a major source of concern. The aim is to find efficiencies in Jaipur metro transportation system by using a non-parametric procedure such as data envelopment analysis. The methodology was implemented utilising a weighted sum of outputs to weighted sum of inputs ratio. Various parameters like in-vehicle travel time, out-of-vehicle travel time, ingress and egress time were calculated during the study. The findings can be used by city planners, municipal governments, transportation authorities, and others to improve the effectiveness of the Jaipur Metro system. Only a small percentage of the data set was found to be efficient. Inefficient units can further analyse their flaws in order to improve their efficiency. Despite the fact that the investigation was thorough and comprehensive, future prospects must be considered. Various other parameters, such as land area, and city population, may differ from city to city, making efficiency measurement a dynamic process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving the travel ratio of public transportation (PTR) is important for realizing low-carbon transportation and sustainable city development. However, limited by data resolution and model accuracy, existing research rarely involves the spatially refined calculation of PTR and the quantitative analysis of its influencing factors. In this study, based on multi-source geospatial big data, we propose a novel computational framework to solve the above problems. Specifically, we first design a linear programming-based three-step method, which realizes the calculation of PTR at 500-meter grid-pair scale for the first time; secondly, we develop a Beta-binomial model for regression analysis, which improves by more than 50% compared with traditional generalized linear models. The case of Wangjing area in Beijing shows that: the overall PTR in Wangjing is only 16%, which is much lower than the official expectation (45%), and less than 20% of origin–destination (OD) pairs meet the standard; among the influencing factors, the travel duration gap between public transportation and private cars, walking distance, number of transfers, and residential parking density have significant negative effects on PTR. Finally, this paper provides an implication of the proposed computational framework, i.e., the accurate detection of public transportation (PT) supply–demand imbalance areas, which proves its great potential in refined transportation optimization and sustainable urban planning.

Urban public transportation is transportation system developed for the public interest that prioritizes the optimal integration of various resources and infrastructure in order to achieve sustainable city that is guided by green technology. The development of urban public transportation through scientific evolution that prioritizes the diversity of knowledge and technology as effort to create environmentally friendly city that is oriented towards sustainable development. Qualitative methods are applied in the analysis of themes studied by developing a meta-analysis. Primary data was obtained from the collection of scientific journals published from 1966 to 2020 as part the analysis of scientific literature. The results of study stated that there was significant increase in the number of papers and number of citations in last twenty years which indicated an improvement in knowledge development. There are several topics that have novelty that were found after an analysis on the theme of urban public transportation includes service quality, public space, transportation engineering, regulation, and bus rapid transit. For this reason, new topics found need to be followed up in further research in line with current technological developments.

In today'sworld, the needs for transportation have increased and the existing solutionshave become insufficient in response to the demand especially with the increaseof urban life and the widespread urbanisation. For this reason, local authorities aim toimprove urban public transportation services, one of the effective in-citytransportation solutions, in order to solve the current needs of transport andreduce or regulate the current traffic intensity. In this study, geographicalinformation system (GIS) was used to analyse the relationship between the busroutes and related stops being offered by Sakarya Metropolitan Municipality(SBB) public transportation service along with the population living in theregion to evaluate the level of available current service to the population ineach region. An alternative optimisation for the locations of bus stops waspresented through a proposed model by comparing the results obtained from theexisting positions.

The extensive proliferation of urban transit cards and smartphones has witnessed the feasibility of the collection of citywide travel behaviors and the estimation of traffic status in real-time. In this paper, an urban public traffic dynamic network based on the cyber-physical-social system (CPSS-UPTDN) is proposed as a universal framework for advanced public transportation systems, which can optimize the urban public transportation based on big data and AI methods. Firstly, we introduce three modules and two loops which composes of the novel framework. Then, the key technologies in CPSS-UPTDN are studied, especially collecting and analyzing traffic information by big data and AI methods, and a particular implementation of CPSS-UPTDN is discussed, namely the artificial system, computational experiments, and parallel execution (ACP) method. Finally, a case study is performed. The data sources include both traffic congestion data from physical space and cellular data from social space, which can improve the prediction performance for traffic status. Furthermore, the service quality of urban public transportation can be promoted by optimizing the bus dispatching based on the parallel execution in our framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive proliferation of urban transit cards and smartphones has witnessed the feasibility of the collection of citywide travel behaviors and the estimation of traffic status in real-time. In this paper, an urban public traffic dynamic network based on the cyber-physical-social system (CPSS-UPTDN) is proposed as a universal framework for advanced public transportation systems, which can optimize the urban public transportation based on big data and AI methods. Firstly, we introduce three modules and two loops which composes of the novel framework. Then, the key technologies in CPSS-UPTDN are studied, especially collecting and analyzing traffic information by big data and AI methods, and a particular implementation of CPSS-UPTDN is discussed, namely the artificial system, computational experiments, and parallel execution (ACP) method. Finally, a case study is performed. The data sources include both traffic congestion data from physical space and cellular data from social space, which can improve the prediction performance for traffic status. Furthermore, the service quality of urban public transportation can be promoted by optimizing the bus dispatching based on the parallel execution in our framework.

Copyright of Sakarya University Journal of Science (SAUJS) / Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Sakarya University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a product of the development of the Internet and the sharing economy, shared bicycles are beneficial in solving the last mile problem of public transportation for urban residents and expanding the service area of urban public transportation to a certain extent. This paper analyses the spatial-temporal characteristics of shared bicycles in the city of Beijing by using kernel density estimation and statistical analysis methods. The maximum coverage location problem model is used to quantify the effects of shared bicycles on the subway and bus urban public transportation systems. The analysis results are of great importance to identify the effects of shared bicycle usage on an urban bus public transportation system from the view of space-time. The results show that (1) shared bicycles are largely located within 1.5 km from the subway station and 500 m from the bus stations; (2) the number of the shared bicycle usage changes along with the distance from the subway and bus stations; (3) subway and bus stations are divided into six types based on the sink-source characteristics of shared bicycles; (4) the service areas of subway and bus stations are expanded by approximately 2.34 and 1.33 times, respectively, after the implementation of shared bicycles.

The last few decades have seen a significant increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs) for private and public transportation around the world. This has resulted in high power demands on the electrical grid, especially when fast and ultra-fast or flash (at the bus-stop) charging are required. Consequently, a ground storage should be used in order to mitigate the peak power request period. This paper deals with an innovative and simple fast charging infrastructure based on supercapacitors, used to charge the energy storage system on board electric buses. According to the charging level of the electric bus, the proposed fast charging system is able to provide the maximum power of 180 kW without exceeding 30 s and without using DC−DC converters. In order to limit the maximum charging current, the electric bus is charged in three steps through three different connectors placed between the supercapacitors on board the bus and the fast charging system. The fast charging system has been carefully designed, taking into account several system parameters, such as charging time, maximum current, and voltage. Experimental tests have been performed on a fast charging station prototype to validate the theoretical analysis and functionality of the proposed architecture.

The main objective of our paper is to develop a set of indicators to measure the performance of an urban public transportation system considering the important role of such a system in the economy of cities. Local passenger transport activity is an existing activity with a larger surface ensuring the moving of residents within the city while having implications for tourism by providing connections to all sights of the town. The performance of such a company should be evaluated through well selected indicators in coordination with the particularities of urban public transportation and the objectives of such a company. In this study we start by highlighting the importance of performance measurement, than we present the particularities of an urban transportation system and at the end we propose a set of indicators from key result indicators to key performance indicators specific for this domain of activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The smartphone exemplifies the rhetorical smart city movement. This paper examines one potential use of smartphone technology—mapping public transportation services in a megacity of the Global South. We examine the potential user impacts of introducing a smartphone-generated and analogue-delivered schematic bus map in Dhaka, Bangladesh. After distributing the map, we used a web-based survey to investigate impacts on users’ knowledge, as measured by their stated understanding, navigation and perceptions of the system. While a small and biased sample, the results suggest that the map fills a knowledge gap, provides useful and valued information and may stimulate ‘exploration’ of the city and its bus system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In spite of the difficulties of the transition period, city authorities managed to preserve the functionality of the urban transportation system in Timisoara and even to perform important modernization actions. Timisoara holds several national premieres in the public transportation sector: the first electric tramway on the present territory of Romania (1899) and the first trolleybus in the country (1942). The public transportation network developed continuously, so that the Municipality of Timisoara has at the moment a dense public transportation network which serves all the quarters of the city. As researches reveal that in Timişoara of the year 2030 the private car will remain one of the main means of transportation, a fast and functional public transportation system becomes and imperative condition to ensure urban accessibility and mobility. The projects of the local authorities aim to give the public transportation system of the Municipality of Timisoara European features speed, efficiency and modernity, to develop the local public infrastructure to ensure mobility in the historical center and to render accessibility to the suburbs of the Municipality of Timisoara. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Public Economics Review / Revista de Economía Pública Urbana is the property of Urban Public Economics Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The work discusses the Traveler Information System of Urban Public Transportation in the city of Curitiba, the most motorized capital in Brazil. System responsible for integrating the user with the manager of the transportation, to receive information about the transportation. The objective of this paper is to analyze the usability by the point of view of the pre-trip within the Traveler Information System in use in Urban Public Transport in the city of Curitiba. An alternative tool is presented, which is already in use in the main capitals of Brazil. Nielsen's Heuristic Evaluation was used in laboratory experiments to analyze the usability of the Traveler Information System of the City of Curitiba and the proposed tool. And after, compared the results found between them. Concluding that the Traveler Information System in use in the city of Curitiba is presented in a slightly ergonomic way, and contain information gaps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to the Belgrade Master Plan for 2021, the public transportation system for the city and its region will include three rail modes: a modernized existing tramway, regional rail, and a new light rail transit (LRT) mode. In the coming years all three rail modes should be developed simultaneously and in a coordinated manner. The introduction of LRT is to be realized in several phases, and its first line will partially follow the alignment of an existing tramway line. As the present tramway vehicles are obsolete, new rolling stock must be designed and purchased to be compatible with many of the elements of the LRT. Ways to adjust the new tramways to the LRT rolling stock represent the central topic of this paper. The basic technical and operating characteristics of the new tramway are defined with respect to their required compatibility with the LRT stock and infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Public transportation in a metropolitan area often is supplied by multiple types of transit. This paper develops and illustrates a DEA-based procedure for estimating: overall efficiency of an area’s public transportation; technical efficiencies of the individual transit types; effect of each type on overall efficiency; and efficiency of the allocation of resources among types and an algorithm for improving it. The paper concludes that the overall efficiency of an urban area’s public transportation can be validly estimated only if the technical efficiency of each major transport type and the efficiency in allocating resources among them are taken into consideration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The urban public transportation system is an important part of urban transportation, and the rationality of public transportation routes layout plays a vital role in the transportation of the city. Improving the efficiency of public transportation can have a positive impact on the operation of the public transportation system. This paper uses complex network theory and the symmetry of the up and down bus routes and stations to establish an urban public transit network model and calculates the probability of passengers choosing different routes in the public transit network according to passenger travel impedance. Based on passenger travel impedance, travel path probability and passenger travel demand, the links are weighed, and the network efficiency calculation method is improved. Finally, the public transit network optimization model was established with network efficiency as the objective function and solved by the ant colony algorithm. In order to verify the effectiveness of the model and the solution method, this paper selects areas in Nanguan District of Changchun City for example analysis. The result shows that the efficiency of the optimized network is 8.5% higher than that of the original network, which proves the feasibility of the optimized model and solution method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reliable and safe operation of an urban public transportation (UPT) system is of great significance to the sustainable development of a city. In-depth analyses of UPT network by exploring the topological structure and passenger travel features can help explain the mechanisms driving reliable UPT operations. Based on complex network theory, we proposed a robust model for a Bus-Subway double-layered network (B–S DLN) from the structural and functional perspectives. The following indicators were used to quantify the structural robustness of B–S DLN : average path length (APL), relative size of giant component (RSGC) and global network efficiency (GNE). The functional robustness was measured using the ratio of passenger flow loss (R). Using urban traffic data from the Xicheng District of Beijing, we analyzed the cascading failure of B–S DLN based on a nonlinear load-capacity model with two capacity control parameters: α and β. The simulation results show that α and β significantly impact the cascading failure process of B–S DLN. An increase in β or decrease in α can enhance the network's ability to resist cascading failure. The parameter control method revealed that the B–S DLN achieves strong robustness when α = 0.2 and β = 0.5. Comparing the network robustness under a random attack and intentional attack, the B–S DLN is more robust under an intentional attack than in the random attack mode. This indicates that the robustness of B–S DLN can be significantly improved by rationally increasing station capacities. • The bus-subway double-layered network (B–S DLN) is constructed based on complex network theory. • The cascading failure of B–S DLN is studied by nonlinear load-capacity model. • The robustness evaluation indicator system of B–S DLN consists of structural and functional robustness indicators. • The ability of B–S DLN to resist cascading failures can be strongly enhanced by increasing network node capacities. • The transportation department can significantly improve the B–S DLN robustness by rationally planning station capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a product of the development of the Internet and the sharing economy, shared bicycles are beneficial in solving the last mile problem of public transportation for urban residents and expanding the service area of urban public transportation to a certain extent. This paper analyses the spatial-temporal characteristics of shared bicycles in the city of Beijing by using kernel density estimation and statistical analysis methods. The maximum coverage location problem model is used to quantify the effects of shared bicycles on the subway and bus urban public transportation systems. The analysis results are of great importance to identify the effects of shared bicycle usage on an urban bus public transportation system from the view of space-time. The results show that (1) shared bicycles are largely located within 1.5 km from the subway station and 500 m from the bus stations; (2) the number of the shared bicycle usage changes along with the distance from the subway and bus stations; (3) subway and bus stations are divided into six types based on the sink-source characteristics of shared bicycles; (4) the service areas of subway and bus stations are expanded by approximately 2.34 and 1.33 times, respectively, after the implementation of shared bicycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last few decades have seen a significant increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs) for private and public transportation around the world. This has resulted in high power demands on the electrical grid, especially when fast and ultra-fast or flash (at the bus-stop) charging are required. Consequently, a ground storage should be used in order to mitigate the peak power request period. This paper deals with an innovative and simple fast charging infrastructure based on supercapacitors, used to charge the energy storage system on board electric buses. According to the charging level of the electric bus, the proposed fast charging system is able to provide the maximum power of 180 kW without exceeding 30 s and without using DC–DC converters. In order to limit the maximum charging current, the electric bus is charged in three steps through three different connectors placed between the supercapacitors on board the bus and the fast charging system. The fast charging system has been carefully designed, taking into account several system parameters, such as charging time, maximum current, and voltage. Experimental tests have been performed on a fast charging station prototype to validate the theoretical analysis and functionality of the proposed architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]