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Copyright of Acta Vet Indones. The Indonesian Veterinary Journal / Jurnal Acta Veterinaria Indonesiana is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Blang Krueng Village has potential in the field of animal husbandry, but the livestock raised is still traditional, so that many livestock lack feed, this causes the supply of minerals to the livestock's body to decrease. Urea molasses multinutrient block (UMMB) is one of the additional feeds with a high content of nutritional supplements, especially minerals for ruminants in solid form. The purpose of the service activity is to increase community income based on the development of the ability of the farmer community by increasing the knowledge and skills of farmers regarding technology for making nutrient block and capa leaf cream to increase their cattle production. The method that used in this activity is to use the approach of community participation methods in development or Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). The results of this activity showed that 95% of participants are interested in practicing, developing, and transmitting their knowledge of how to make UMMB and capa leaf cream to members of farmer groups around them. The conclusion, farmers will share the knowledge that has been obtained during the service to other farmer group members as the target group of service activities.

A study was conducted on the fifteen-lactating crossbred for 90 days during winter. Cows were divided into three groups on basis of their milk yield/day and subjected to three dietary treatments were formulated with feed supplements i.e., concentrate mixture (T1), concentrate mixture + UMMB (T2) and concentrate mixture + Azolla (T3) and the studied for nutrient intake, their physiological and behavioral pattern of crossbred cows. Average maximum and minimum temperature (oC) were 23.470±0.301 and 13.044±0.334 in closed barn. The averages dry matter intake on 100 kg body weight were 2.734±0.189, 2.940±0.168 and 2.837±0.212 kg in T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The mean DCPI and TDNI on 100kg body weight were 0.183±0.021, 0.210±0.018 and 0.190±0.024 & 1.814±0.072, 1.958±0.182 and 1.840±0.144kg in T1, T2 and T3 group’s cows, respectively. The rectal temperature and respiration rate was not significantly affected (P<0.05) by the treatments. The animals spent more time (minutes) in eating during day than in night in all the groups. Average eating time (minutes)/day (24 hours) was more (P<0.05) in T2 (306.22) group as compared to T3 (300.00) and T1 (283.95) groups. The average resting time (minutes)/day (24 hours) was higher (P<0.05) in T2 (668.33) and as compared to T1 (660.89). It may be inferred that feeding of concentrate mixture on low quality roughage diet with UMMB supplement was improved the nutrient intake, eating time and better physical performance of crossbred cows during winter season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of urea molasses multi-nutrient mineral block (UMMB) and medicated urea molasses multi-nutrient mineral block (MUMB) supplemented group on milk composition and milk quality of Saanen lactating does. A 90-day feed trial was conducted at a dairy goat farm in Felda Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan, Malaysia. Twenty four (24) Saanen lactating does (average milk yield < 1 L/d) were randomly assigned to four groups with six (6) goats each. Animals fed a basal diet, which consisted of 3 kg Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 1 kg commercial goat pellet as a control group. The experimental groups received equal amounts of basal diet with supplementation of UMMB and MUMB which were formulated using local agriculture by-products; and commercial mineral block (CMB), respectively. Milk samples were collected every two weeks for the analyses of milk composition, i.e., protein, fat, lactose, total solids, density, freezing point, pH, and temperature using EKOmilk analyzer. All results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test by SPSS software version 23. It was found that milk yield in the group supplemented with UMMB (1.52 L/d) was significantly higher (p0.05) on milk composition and total bacteria count. Meanwhile, iron milk content in goat supplemented with MUMB (1.46 mg/g) was significantly lowered (p

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of urea molasses multi-nutrient mineral block (UMMB) and medicated urea molasses multi-nutrient mineral block (MUMB) supplemented group on milk composition and milk quality of Saanen lactating does. A 90-day feed trial was conducted at a dairy goat farm in Felda Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan, Malaysia. Twenty four (24) Saanen lactating does (average milk yield < 1 L/d) were randomly assigned to four groups with six (6) goats each. Animals fed a basal diet, which consisted of 3 kg Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 1 kg commercial goat pellet as a control group. The experimental groups received equal amounts of basal diet with supplementation of UMMB and MUMB which were formulated using local agriculture by-products; and commercial mineral block (CMB), respectively. Milk samples were collected every two weeks for the analyses of milk composition, i.e., protein, fat, lactose, total solids, density, freezing point, pH, and temperature using EKOmilk analyzer. All results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test by SPSS software version 23. It was found that milk yield in the group supplemented with UMMB (1.52 L/d) was significantly higher (p<0.05), followed by MUMB (1.31 L/d), CMB (0.96 L/d), and control (0.78 L/d). Besides, the different group did not cause significant effect (p>0.05) on milk composition and total bacteria count. Meanwhile, iron milk content in goat supplemented with MUMB (1.46 mg/g) was significantly lowered (p<0.05), approaching the optimum value (0.36-0.75) compared to the control (4.08 mg/kg). In conclusion, UMMB and MUMB supplements had improved milk quality in terms of iron content and fatty acid concentration, which potentially can be utilized as feed supplements to increase the productivity of lactating goats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, 24 Saanen lactating does raised by a smallholder in Kemahang, Tanah Merah, Kelantan were randomly assigned to four groups with six goats in each group. The trial included evaluation of four dietary treatments, that is, T1: control group fed on basal diet only, which consisted of 3 kg Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and 1 kg commercial goat pellet. Animals in T2, T3 and T4 received equal amounts of basal diet with supplementation of urea molasses multi-nutrient block (UMMB), medicated urea molasses multi-nutrient block (MUMB) and commercial mineral block (CMB) respectively. The total dry matter intake (DMI) (kg/d) in T2 (1.28) and T3 (1.24) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in T1 (1.14) and T4 (1.15). However, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) between treatments on average daily gain (ADG) and body measurements. Highest ADG (g/d) were recorded in T2 (53.57) followed by T3 (45.63), T4 (39.68) and T1 (37.70). Similar trend was also recorded in body condition score (BCS) but there were no significant differences (p>0.05) between treatments. At the end of the 90 days of feeding trial, both T2 and T3 showed acceptable BCS, that is, at 3.25 and 3.08 respectively, while low BCS were recorded in T1 (2.63) and T4 (2.71). There was significant difference (p<0.05) between treatments on feed conversion ratio (FCR) which were at 0.84, 0.95, 1.20 and 1.46 for T2, T3, T4 and T1 respectively. Both UMMB and MUMB were effective in enhancing appetite, DMI and ADG of the dairy goats, apart from minimising weight loss during lactation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urea molasses multi-nutrient block (UMMB) is a feed supplement and one of the best formulas constructed by the National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN). This supplement contains soya bean meal (SBM) and has been developed using different protein sources, such as Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Ec), soya bean waste sauce (SBWs), wheat pollard (WP) and WP bypass protein (WPBp). It has also been developed using medicated block (MB). The objective is to introduce the P-32 tracer for obtaining a new feed supplement, to apply UMMB-SBM on beef cattle for fattening, and to test UMMB-MB on cows in the field. Parameters measured include microbial protein synthesis (MPS) in rumen liquid, daily live weight gain (DLWG), milk production and total count of worm in feces. Statistical analysis used were Latin squares, Student’s t-test, and completely randomized design. The UMMB-SBM was better than UMMB-Ec, UMMB-SBWs, and UMMB-WP, because it was able to increase MPS by up to 205.67%, superior to the other feed supplements (51.01%, 34.04%, and 73.94% respectively). On the other hand, with UMMB-WPBp supplementation, MPS was enhanced by 425.27%. The UMMB-SBM was able to increase DLWG by 0.34, 0.30, 0.38 and 0.36 kg/(animal d) on Bali cattle, Ongole, Simmental, and Frisian Holstein cross breed respectively. The increase of cost benefit ratio was affected by increasing DLWG. These values were 1:1.89; 1: 1.34; 1:1.45 and 1:1.35 respectively. UMMB-MB-C. aeruginosa and albendazole increased milk production by 4.23% and 46.56% respectively. In the first communal group, beef cows that received UMMB-MB albendazole were able to increase feed consumption, including dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and total digestible nutrient, at P

Fifteen rumen fistulated male buffalo calves were divided into three groups of five animals each and were fed upon conventional diet, wheat straw alone and wheat straw supplemented with urea molasses mineral block (UMMB). Rumen liquor samples were collected at different time intervals for 3 consecutive days after 21 days. The results revealed that the ruminal pH, SAT and MBRT values were significantly (P<0.05) lower while levels of TVFA, NH3-N and total nitrogen were significantly (P<0.05) higher in UMMB supplemented group than other groups. The Body weight was significantly (P<0.05) increased in UMMB supplemented group and on conventional diet as compared to exclusively fed wheat straw group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was undertaken to assess the blood biochemical parameters of off season Mecheri male lambs, under concentrate and urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) supplementation. In the growth trial, 24 lambs in three groups of eight lambs each were reared under grazing for a period of 180 days; T1 - Grazing alone, T2- Grazing + concentrate supplementation, T3 - Grazing + UMMB supplementation. Blood samples were collected at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days of experiment. Serum protein increased (P < 0.05) in supplemented groups whereas, serum albumin increased significantly (P < 0.05) only in concentrate supplemented group (T2). Serum calcium (P < 0.01) and phosphorus (P < 0.05) values were higher in supplemented groups Concentrate supplemented group had higher (P < 0.05) serum cholesterol than unsupplemented group. UMMB supplemented group had significantly (P < 0.01) higher BUN values than the unsupplemented group. It was concluded that blood biochemical parameters of off season Mecheri lambs were influenced by supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights a study that found the efficacy of feeding urea molasses minerals block on crossbred cattle in terms of improving their feed efficiency, milk production and composition and reproductive performance, which was conducted by KVK Panchmahals in Gujarat, India in 2012-13. Topics discussed include the impact of UMMB feeding on the cattle's milk composition and yield, the nutritional benefits observed in the UMMB supplemented group and the cost associated with feeding UMMB.

A study was undertaken to observe the variation in blood glucose and free fatty acid levels in postpartum buffaloes during winter and summer seasons. Twenty seven freshly calved buffaloes were selected and they were divided into two groups. In the experimental group, UMMB was supplemented and the animals were observed for the manifestation of first behavioral estrus up to 60 days postpartum. There was non significant (P = 0.05) variation of blood glucose between experimental and control groups during both the seasons. However, the plasma free fatty acids were significantly (P= 0.05) higher in summer season and there was no significant variation of plasma free fatty acid levels by UMMB feeding during both the seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study focusing on the impact of urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) supplementation on rumen microbiology in Bubalus Bubalis buffalo calves. The findings include increase in microbial population with UMMB supplementation and the percent holotrich population found to be higher for UMMB supplemented group than wheat straw alone.

The article discusses a study which examined the effect of different feed additives supplementation on rumino-reticular motility in buffalo calves. Topics covered include the usefulness of salinomycin and Urea Molasses Mineral Block (UMMB) in enhancing the digestive efficiency of ruminants, and the potential effect of such feed additives in cases of rumen dysfunctions.

The article focuses on the effectiveness of urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) supplementation in improving productive performance of crossbred cattle, particularly on milk yield and cost effectiveness. Topics discussed include the chemical composition of the feeds and fodders, the observed significant improvement in intake from dry fodder after UMMB supplementation and the cost associated with UMMB supplementation.