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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Aneurysmal malformation of the vein of Galen (AVMG) is a rare malformation of the intracranial venous system. The incidence is estimated at 1:10,000-25,0000 births. The clinical picture is very variable, in the neonatal period it includes seizures and heart failure. It is very difficult to diagnose, but by doing it in a timely manner, mortality is greatly reduced. It can be detected by prenatal ultrasounds and, at birth, the gold standard imaging study for its diagnosis is cerebral resonance and angioresonance. However, 50% of AVMG cannot be corrected and there is evidence that 77% of untreated cases result in death. Clinical case: The case of a newborn with a prenatal diagnosis is presented and at birth the diagnosis of MAVG was corroborated by neurosonography, and subsequently con- firmed by venoresonance. His clinical evolution was documented, which included placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and vascular embolization; however, there was a fatal outcome. Conclusions: In MAVG it is important to define the anatomy of the lesion, due to the clinical, therapeutic and prognostic implications that this represents. B-mode ultrasound, together with Doppler mode, are essential complementary tools for the diagnosis of AVMG, as well as for prognostic evaluation and to provide information for counseling parents and for optimal management. Successful treatment remains a complex therapeutic challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the prevalence and type of rotator cuff injuries in Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners. Method: A cross-sectional and association evaluating patients through non-probabilistic, convenience sampling, performing a bilateral shoulder ultrasound. Results: In the present study, 40 patients practicing Brazilian jiu-jitsu were evaluated; 75% (n = 30) were male and 25% (n = 10) were female, in an age range of 19 to 53 years, with an average age of 31 years, a weight of 80.5 kg (BMI of 27), 82.5% (n = 33) reported pain or discomfort in any of the shoulder arcs of movement, with abduction being more common, with an overall prevalence of 70% (n = 28), followed by flexion (35%, n = 14), extension (22.5%, n = 9), internal rotation (17.5%, n = 7), rotation external (7.5%, n = 3) and adduction (7.5%, n = 3). Conclusions: Eighty percent presented ultrasound findings compatible with rotator cuff injury; the supraspinatus muscle tendon was the most affected element (72.5%). The most frequent finding was tendinopathy in 70% of the practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Determine the prevalence of breast cancer in male patients treated at the Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis Center (CDDCM) of the ISSSTE. Method: Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study. All men aged between 18 and 90 years with palpable breast and/or axillary nodule, increased breast volume, nipple discharge, mastalgia, and changes in the skin of the breast who underwent mammography and/or ultrasound studies and biopsy at the CDDCM from January 1, 2019, to March 31, 2023, were included. Descriptive statistical methods were used for data analysis. Results: Forty-two patients were studied. The palpable nodule was the most frequent symptom in 95.2% of the patients. Twenty-eight-point six percent of patients required image-guided biopsy for histopathological correlation. The prevalence of breast cancer was 4%. Conclusion: The prevalence of breast cancer in men was higher than that reported by national reference centers. Breast image studies in men are performed in 100% of cases for diagnostic purposes. Spreading awareness of breast pathology in men will facilitate timely cancer detection in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El uso de ultrasonidos como nueva tecnología de procesamiento de leche ha demostrado ser un método innovador y prometedor en la industria láctea. El propósito de esta revisión es (i) analizar el efecto del ultrasonido, especialmente el método termosónico, en la reducción de patógenos en la leche, (ii) evaluar su efectividad y ventajas sobre los métodos tradicionales de pasteurización, y (iii) su potencial para explorar aplicaciones en el procesamiento de lácteos. Se describen detalladamente los principios básicos y aplicaciones del ultrasonido, destacando su capacidad para mejorar la calidad microbiológica de la leche sin comprometer sus propiedades sensoriales y nutricionales. Se concluye que el ultrasonido es una tecnología con efecto positivo y prometedor en la optimización de los procesos de procesamiento de leche. Su uso permite minimizar las consecuencias negativas de los métodos tradicionales de pasteurización, aumentando así la calidad y seguridad de los productos lácteos. Se recomienda realizar más investigaciones y pruebas a escala industrial para confirmar estos hallazgos y explorar nuevas aplicaciones del sonido térmico en otros sectores de la industria alimentaria.

Background: Extubation is a critical process in the ICU. Pulmonary USG has different applications, those that predict success in extubation, such as the diaphragmatic excursion time index (DEIT). Objective: To determine the diaphragmatic excursion time index is a predictor of the success of weaning off mechanical ventilation in patients in the intensive care unit. Material and methods: Diagnostic performance study in patients in the ICU and in the extubation protocol. Diaphragmatic measurement by USG, evaluating DEIT; cut-off point of 2.42 ± 1.55 cm/s. In the hypothesis test, a JI square was carried out between the two qualitative variables, in order to accept or reject H0, with a statistical significance of p < 0.05 to determine if there is dependence between the dependent and independent variables. Results: Total of 200 patients from the population, with successful extubation in 52.5% and extubation failure in 47.5%. Prognostic values of the DEIT were: S: 77.1% (68.2-84.1%), E: 56.8% (46.8-66.3%). ROC curve for ITED, AUC of 0.665 (0.58-0.74; p = 0.001). In secondary objectives, a correlation was made between ventilatory and demographic variables for successful extubation; with FvT (Rho: 0.680, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: The DEIT for withdrawal of mechanical ventilation has low sensitivity and specificity as a result of successful extubation. The finding that DEIT is not an adequate predictor determining the outcome of successful extubation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granular cell tumors (GCT) are rare primary tumors of the breast that represent a diagnostic challenge due to their ability to mimic breast carcinoma. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman who presented for screening mammography (MG) and ultrasound (US) identifying an irregular, spiculated nodule, BI-RADS 4C; core needle biopsy was performed, with histopathologic (HP) and immunohistochemical (IHC) report of breast GCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Desde los anales de la historia de la medicina se ha asociado la dureza de tejidos con patologías inflamatorias o tumorales al comparar con tejidos blandos sanos, el uso de ultrasonido de alta frecuencia en modo B y Doppler han sido ampliamente reconocidos para el diagnóstico y seguimientos de lesiones musculo-esqueléticas desde hace décadas. A pesar de ello, presenta limitaciones para detección de patologías traumáticas de instauración precoz. El desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías incorporadas a los equipos de ecografía como es la elastografía han supuesto una herramienta de importancia para superar estas barreras, y por lo tanto brindarle al estudio ecográfico reconocido por su alta disponibilidad, bajo costo e inocuidad una ventaja extra. El uso de la elastografía por compresión, pero sobre todo la elastografía de ondas de corte (SWE por sus siglas en inglés) han inspirado a investigadores de todo el mundo, el estudio de las propiedades biomecánicas de tejidos como músculos, tendones, fascias, ligamentos y nervios, y los posibles cambios de rigidez inducidos por proceso patológicos para un correcto diagnóstico de estas lesiones.

Introducción: la contractura capsular (CC) es una complicación común en la mamoplastia de aumento, resultante de una respuesta inflamatoria exagerada al implante, que causa formación de una cápsula de tejido cicatricial. Este fenómeno puede generar dolor, asimetría y rigidez en la mama afectada, y se asocia con factores como biopelícula bacteriana, radioterapia previa, tabaquismo, y un índice de masa corporal elevado. Métodos: consiste en un estudio clínico transversal de corte descriptivo ambispectivo. Resultados: se incluyeron 266 pacientes a quienes se les realizó ultrasonido de alta resolución para analizar características del complejo cápsula cubierta (CCC), como su grosor, calcificaciones periprotésicas, lobulaciones, pliegues radiales, rotura intra o extracapsular y líquido periprotésico. Los resultados muestran que el promedio de edad de las pacientes evaluadas fue de 50 años, con una desviación estándar de 11,22 años. El 29% de las pacientes tuvo afectación de ambas mamas, el 21% presentó engrosamiento del CCC superior a 1.5 mm, indicando una posible CC. Además, se observó calcificación en el 5% de los casos y líquido periprotésico en un 5.66%. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la efectividad del ultrasonido en la detección de signos sugestivos de CC, permitiendo una evaluación detallada del CCC y de otras anomalías asociadas, proporcionando un recurso diagnóstico no invasivo y accesible. Conclusiones: esta investigación contribuye al campo de la imagenología en Venezuela y respalda la implementación del ultrasonido en el monitoreo de pacientes con mamoplastia de aumento, facilitando la toma de decisiones clínicas y el tratamiento oportuno.

Introduction: this study aimed to compare the efficacy of two different endodontic activation systems in removing debris from the mesial canals of mandibular molars across root thirds. Methods: the mesial canals of fifteen human mandibular first molars were prepared with files, irrigated with 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite and 17 % EDTA, and divided into three groups (n=5) based on the type of activation: Control (activation with master cone), Ultrasound Irrigation (UI), and Ultra X (Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation - PUI). The roots were sectioned into thirds (cervical, mid, and apical), exposing root canals, and prepared for scanning electron microscopy. A total of 135 microphotographs (3 microphotographs for each root level) were obtained. To determine the most effective activation system, three calibrated endodontic specialists evaluated all images. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (95 %). Results: the PUI system demonstrated the highest efficacy, followed by UI, while the control was the least efficient (p

This paper provides an overview of the various applications of the bioactive compounds found in S. rosmarinus. at present. Additionally, it explores emerging technologies for its extraction, such as ultrasound, which is an effective, fast, and sustainable technology for obtaining these secondary metabolites from this millenary plant. S. rosmarinus has gained considerable importance due to its beneficial properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic effects. These effects result from the different metabolites, which, without the use of ultrasound, are produced in S. rosmarinus. The main objective of this research is to provide an overview of some of the main applications in which S. rosmarinus is involved and to present a viable and effective alternative for the extraction of the different metabolites it contains using a technique such as ultrasound. The literature review was performed by searching for information on digital platforms such as SciFinder, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, using keywords such as Rosemary, S. rosmarinus, ultrasound, green extraction, and secondary metabolite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peripheral venous cannulation is the procedure mostly performed in pediatric emergencies. In more than 50% of cases it will not be possible on the first attempt, because children have risk factors that make this procedure more complicated. It is essential to detect children with difficult venous access to avoid complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly prevalent pathology in today's society. The prevalence of CKD increases progressively with aging, together with other diseases such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and arteriosclerosis. In patients with advanced chronic kidney disease, vascular access is required to start hemodialysis as renal replacement therapy. Vascular access for hemodialysis becomes the key point of treatment since without functioning vascular access there is no possibility of performing it. Creation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in the upper extremity for hemodialysis; connects the arteries and veins of the upper body. It can be a native connection or a polytetrafluoroethylene grafted connection. The native AVF is preferred as the ideal type of vascular access, mainly because of its long duration, longer survival, and low complication rate. AVF can be performed in any upper extremity without complications, but the general advice is to choose the nondominant arm first, to encourage and support the patient's movement in the dominant extremity, and to provide as much comfort as possible during hemodialysis sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Osteosynthesis hardware removal is one of the most frequent practices in Orthopaedic electives surgeries and is usually carried out guided under fluoroscopy. There are other tools such as ultrasound that allow us to visualise the hardware with the advantage of being free of ionising radiation and with better availability. The objective of our study is to analyse the results obtained in patients undergoing hardware removal in the operating room under ultrasound assistance and local anaesthesia. Material and methods: A descriptive study was carried out collecting variables such as demographic data, reason for the removal, pain during the procedure and in subsequent days, as well as the duration and rate of success of the procedure and the degree of satisfaction. Results: We obtained a 100% success in ultrasound-guided extraction without the need for conventional radiology, with a mean VAS of 1.91 and need for subsequent analgesia in 36.4% of the cases, with syndesmotic dynamisation being the most frequent reason for intervention. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a useful tool in osteosynthesis hardware removal, and that may be sufficient by itself; also saving health personnel and patients from ionising radiation resulting from the use of conventional fluoroscopy. Resumen: Introducción: La extracción de material de osteosíntesis es una de las prácticas más frecuentes en los quirófanos de traumatología, y habitualmente se realiza guiado bajo escopia. Otras herramientas más accesibles, como la ecografía, permiten la visualización del material con la ventaja de evitar las radiaciones ionizantes. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar los resultados obtenidos en pacientes intervenidos de extracción de material de osteosíntesis en el quirófano bajo asistencia ecográfica y anestesia local. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo recogiendo variables como los datos demográficos, el motivo de la extracción, el dolor durante el procedimiento y en días posteriores, así como la duración y el éxito del procedimiento y el grado de satisfacción. Resultados: Se obtuvo un éxito en la extracción ecoguiada sin precisar radiología convencional del 100%, con una EVA media de 1,91 y necesidad de analgesia posterior en el 36,4%, siendo la dinamización sindesmal el motivo más frecuente de intervención. Conclusión: La ecografía supone una herramienta útil en la extracción de material de osteosíntesis, la cual permite ahorrar al paciente y al personal sanitario las radiaciones ionizantes consecuencia del uso de la fluoroscopia convencional.

La medición del índice de resistencia renal (IR) mediante ecografía Doppler es una técnica común para detectar problemas en el sistema vascular renal. A pesar de su aplicación previa en felinos sanos y con enfermedad renal, su utilidad clínica es incierta. Este estudio buscó correlacionar el IR con marcadores renales (creatinina, BUN/urea y densidad urinaria) en gatos adultos sanos. Se utilizaron 18 gatos mayores de 5 años de Bogotá y Zipaquirá, Colombia, en un estudio descriptivo. Se tomaron muestras de sangre periférica y se midieron BUN, urea y creatinina sérica. Se utilizó el análisis de color espectral Doppler para medir el flujo arterial renal. Los datos se analizaron con el software R® (nivel de confianza del 95%). Los valores promedio obtenidos fueron: creatinina 1,14 ± 0,3 mg/dl, BUN 32,60 ± 6,9 mg/dl, urea 64,10 ± 17,64 mg/dl, densidad urinaria 1052 ± 74,98 e IR 0,69 ± 0,071. Hubo una correlación positiva y estadísticamente significativa (P

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tesla Revista Científica is the property of Puerto Madero Editorial Academica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tesla Revista Científica is the property of Puerto Madero Editorial Academica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La malformación arteriovenosa uterina es una conexión anormal entre arterias y venas, que carecen de red capilar intermedia, que compromete el miometrio y puede causar hemorragia potencialmente mortal. Generalmente secundaria a procedimientos quirúrgicos gineco obstétricos tales como: legrado uterino, cesáreas, tratamientos conservadores de embarazo ectópico, entre otros. Su diagnóstico depende fundamentalmente de una adecuada evaluación ultrasonográfica transvaginal y Doppler, para poder realizar un tratamiento certero y oportuno, con la intención de poder preservar el útero y de esta manera la fertilidad.

In this work, we study and develop a system for two-dimensional ultrasonic tomography. The main focus of the development was to make the system suitable for reuse in other applications of a similar nature. For this purpose, we carried out the design and implementation of a system to explore the sample under estudy using only one commercial immersion transducer and the development of a reconstruction algorithm to generate the images from the measured acoustic signals. Moreover, we implemented a software to simulate the tomographic system. Finally, in order to evaluate the performance of the real and simulated system, we used the Pearson correlation and the peak signal-to-noise ratio as figure of merits between the reconstructed and the reference images.

Introducción: Las plantas pertenecientes al género Aristolochia contienen niveles significativos de ácidos aristolóquicos, tanto del tipo I como del tipo II, los cuales están asociados con el desarrollo de nefropatía y cáncer uroendotelial y vesical. Este estudio se enfoca en la determinación de métodos extractivos y de aislamiento de ácido aristolóquico a partir de matrices naturales de Aristolochia, con el objetivo de obtener un extracto estandarizado de la planta. Métodos: Para llevar a cabo la investigación, se seleccionaron muestras del bejuco de Zaragoza (Aristolochia) provenientes de las ciudades de Puyo y Macas-Ecuador. Se emplearon técnicas de extracción con fluidos supercríticos y extracción asistida con ultrasonido, utilizando metanol como solvente. Posteriormente, se identificaron los metabolitos obtenidos mediante cromatografía en capa fina (TLC) para verificar la presencia de ácido aristolóquico en las muestras analizadas. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que el ácido aristolóquico presenta un factor de retención en rangos de Rf 0.61-0.77. Estos resultados fueron visibles a través de bandas de coloración amarilla bajo luz blanca, oscura o gris bajo luz UV de 254 nm, y coloración negra con un halo amarillo bajo luz UV de 366 nm. Estas características permitieron evidenciar de manera concluyente la presencia de ácido aristolóquico en las muestras analizadas. Conclusión: Este estudio ha proporcionado métodos efectivos para la extracción y aislamiento de ácido aristolóquico de plantas del géneroAristolochia. Los resultados obtenidos mediante cromatografía en capa fina han confirmado la presencia de este compuesto en las muestras analizadas, lo cual respalda la preocupación por la toxicidad de estas plantas medicinales. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de la estandarización de extractos de Aristolochia y resaltan los riesgos asociados con su uso en la salud humana.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Lung ultrasound is a bedside tool that allows the evaluation of pulmonary parenchymal involvement in pediatric patients through the lung ultrasound score (LUS). We aimed to evaluate a group of patients under 3 years of age with lower respiratory tract infections using LUS at the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora. Methods: We included patients younger than 3 years admitted to the emergency department with lower respiratory tract infections. A lung ultrasound was performed within the first 24 h of admission to the emergency department and evaluated using LUS. We analyzed age, sex, etiology of infection, days of stay, use of mechanical ventilation, Downes scale, failure of mechanical ventilation on admission, and mortality. Descriptive analysis was performed with frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables and medians and interquartile intervals for quantitative variables. Differences in the distribution of LUS variables were evaluated with the Fishers' exact test and Student's t-test. Results: We included a total of 19 patients with lower respiratory tract infections, 73.7% with bronchiolitis. Fifty percent of the cases scored 7 on the LUS, 91.7% were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, and 53.8% required invasive mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: The use of LUS in lower respiratory tract infections can predict the need for PICU admission, the use of invasive ventilatory support, and prolonged hospital stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most common type of neoplasm among women worldwide. Screening programs have favored its detection in the early stages of the disease, allowing the development of diagnostic and oncosurgical procedures such as percutaneous biopsies, modified mastectomies, and conservative and reconstructive breast surgeries with optimal results. These procedures lead to morphological changes in breast tissues, reflected in imaging studies, and may complicate radiological interpretation. We present a literature review of indications and breast surgical techniques, as well as postoperative radiological findings derived from ultrasound and mammography, with the aim to expand the radiologist's knowledge and positively impact on the reduction of morbidity and mortality of patients. With the correct interpretation of imaging studies, radiologists can avoid unnecessary invasive procedures for patients and act promptly in the presence of suspicious findings of recurrence or new-onset cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los fenómenos meteorológicos como ráfagas de viento afectan a El Salvador y son monitoreados por distintas estaciones meteorológicas alrededor del país. Para complementar dichos equipos de manera local, se propuso la creación de un prototipo de anemómetro ultrasónico, agregándole otras variables de monitoreo, capacidad de transmitir datos de manera inalámbrica mediante redes IoT locales, desarrollado a partir de materiales de bajo costo y accesibles en el país, realizando una comparación entre ellos. Además, se presentaron los resultados de las pruebas de laboratorio para comprobar su funcionamiento con base a procesos normados para este tipo de instrumentos.

La colocación de implantes mamarios en la actualidad representa una herramienta con fines estéticos y reconstructivos. Como todo procedimiento quirúrgico, las mamoplastias de aumento se pueden asociar con efectos adversos a corto, mediano y largo plazo, siendo la Contractura Capsular (CC) la complicación más habitual. Su etiología ha sido ampliamente estudiada y se ha concluido que la patogénesis es multifactorial. La CC es producida debido a que el cuerpo origina una cápsula de tejido fibroso alrededor del implante mamario, existen pacientes donde esta respuesta fibrótica se produce de forma severa ocasionando engrosamiento y/o calcificación de la cápsula periprotésica originando, dolor intenso, firmeza excesiva y deformidad de la mama afectada. Otra teoría, propone el papel de una biopelícula de gérmenes grampositivos que en conjunto con el proceso inflamatorio desarrollan esta entidad. Actualmente, el diagnóstico y la gravedad de la CC son evaluadas clínicamente utilizando la escala de Baker, este sistema toma en cuenta la sensibilidad, la textura y el aspecto de la mama. No obstante, esta clasificación es ampliamente utilizada a nivel mundial, sigue siendo bastante subjetiva, generando así la necesidad de otras herramientas de evaluación más objetivas, confiables y reproducibles. Ante esto, encontramos como solución potencial el complemento clínico con métodos de imagen sensibles y específicos para la evaluación de implantes mamarios como lo son el ultrasonido de alta resolución y la resonancia magnética. En los cuales los hallazgos van desde engrosamiento del complejo cápsula cubierta, cambios en la morfología del implante, presencia de pliegues, entre otros.

La descripción de señales de ecolocalización de las especies de murciélagos neotropicales, validadas con especímenes testigo, es vital para generar de llamadas de referencia. En Colombia, documentar las llamadas de ecolocalización es una tarea urgente que puede contribuir a entender la presencia de muchas especies de difícil registro. En esta nota hacemos una descripción de las señales de ecolocalización de Histiotus colombiae a partir de individuos grabados en vuelo libre fuera de un refugio en el municipio de Guachetá, departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Obtuvimos siete grabaciones de H. colombiae. Las señales de ecolocalización se caracterizan por presentar un diseño de barrido de frecuencia modulada descendente con un componente de frecuencia cuasi constante, en un rango de frecuencias entre 20 KHz y 40 KHz.

Existen varias metodologías para determinar la condición corporal del caballo deportivo, siendo unas más objetivas que otras; sin embargo, la escala de condición corporal es la más usada para estimar las reservas corporales de animales en actividad atlética. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar, por métodos no invasivos, el espesor de grasa subcutánea y desarrollo muscular de caballos deportivos, de una academia de Cundinamarca y calcular algunos índices que definen la composición corporal. Se escogieron 29 caballos adultos (9 hembras, 20 machos), de cuatro tipos raciales; caballo deporte colombiano, criollo, polo argentino, Pura sangre inglés. Para evaluar la grasa subcutánea se usó el puntaje de condición corporal (PCC) escala Henneke, el ultrasonido en tiempo real UTR, midiendo espesor de grasa dorsal y de cadera. La musculatura se determinó usando UTR a nivel dorsal, midiendo el ojo del lomo y el glúteo medio. Se tomaron pesos y medidas morfométricas: altura de cruz, longitud corporal, perímetro torácico. Con estas medidas corporales o ecográficas se calcularon índices de desempeño o composición corporal: índice corporal (IC), índice de carga al paso-1 y al trote-2 (IC1 y IC2), % de grasa corporal (%GC), Índice de masa corporal (IMC), relación perímetro torácico–altura cruz (PT:AC), índice muscular (IM) e índice musculoesquelético (IME). Los índices de carga y de composición corporal indicaron diferencias entre tipos raciales (p

Introduction: the management of adhesive capsulitis (AC) remains a topic of debate among orthopedic surgeons, with a wide variation in the literature. Conservative treatment relies as the first-line option as clinical studies report positive outcomes. However, there is variability in the effectiveness of different treatment modalities. Material and methods: this study aimed to analyzed functional and clinical outcomes of patients with AC who underwent the arthrodilation protocol, including three ultrasound-guided injections administered on a weekly basis: two corticosteroid injections and one injection of hyaluronic acid combined with corticosteroids. Additionally, patients received a specific rehabilitation therapy. Visual analogue scale (VAS), the university of California-Los Angeles shoulder score (UCLA) and Constant-Murley score were assessed before treatment and after 3-month followup period. Results: 23 patients were included, receiving the same treatment protocol with a mean onset of symptoms of 4.9 ± 1.7 months. Among these patients, there was a clear predominance of females (65.2%). Age distribution ranged from 39 to 74 years (mean = 56) indicating that individuals in their mid-50s were more susceptible to developing this condition. Furthermore, a slight majority (52.2%) exhibited AC in their right shoulder. VAS significantly decreased (-6.09 ± 1.9 [p ≤ 0.05]). Similarly, UCLA score (10.9 ± 2.9 to 31.7 ± 2.2) and Constant-Murley score (22.3 ± 6.1 to 62.0 ± 6.2) improved significantly. Pre-to-post treatment evaluation showed improvement in both UCLA (mean = 20.8 ± 2.9 [p ≤ 0.05]) and Constant-Murley (mean = 39.7 ± 9 [p ≤ 0.05]). Conclusion: arthrodilation protocol demonstrated promising results, with patients achieving good to excellent outcomes and safely resuming their regular daily activities within a short-term follow-up period. These findings provide support for arthrodilation as a viable conservative management option and contribute valuable insights to the ongoing research aimed at identifying optimal treatment approaches for adhesive capsulitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cirugía y Cirujanos is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research study aims to evaluate the effect of ultrasound (US) pretreatment on the quality of crude palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil (ACP) during three stages of the extraction process: 1) press liquor (LP), pre-clarifier input (EC), and pre-clarifier output sludge (LS). Spectrophotometry is used to determine the bleaching deterioration index (DOBI). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is applied to identify phenolic compounds and antioxidants. Color changes are established by photocolorimetry with the CIELab scale. The results show that applying US (40 and 80 kHz/30 min) during the extraction stages significantly increases antioxidant and phenolic compound concentrations, preserving and attenuating the ACP’s color. There are no significant changes in DOBI when compared to the control. In conclusion, ultrasound is a technology that preserves ACP quality by not altering its properties and by improving some nutritional attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The no-ventilation no-oxygenation situation is extremely important due to its high mortality. In these cases, open cricothyroidotomy is indicated. Around fifty percent of the difficulties are the result of inadequate identification of the cricothyroid membrane (CTM). Objective: To determine whether ultrasonography is superior to palpation to identify the CTM at the first attempt. Methods: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted on the identification of the cricothyroid membrane versus palpation in Medline/Central and Embase. Clinical controlled trials and observational studies were included. Two authors independently and in duplicate selected the studies, assessed the biases and extracted the data; a random effects meta-analysis was successfully conducted for the correct identification of the CTM. The risk of bias was assessed and the certainty of the evidence was qualified. CRD42021223961. Results: 464 studies were included of which 15 met the eligibility criteria; 6 were clinical trials y 9 were observational. Ultrasound is superior to palpation in the detection of the CTM (RR 1.88, 95 % CI 1.05-3.36) according to the clinical trials, and it was also superior in observational studies (RR 1.76, 95 % CI 1.36-2.28). The association was preserved in the sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Ultrasonography is superior to palpation for the correct identification of the TCM, though the certainty of the evidence is low. Further studies with better methodology are needed to improve both certainty and precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The use of local anesthetics as part of multimodal analgesia is an attractive concept in pediatric patients, since the evaluation and management of pain is a challenge in children under 7 years of age. Despite having guidelines and multiple studies on volume calculation, no safe and effective recommendation has been issued. Objective: To demonstrate that ultrasound-guided caudal block with a dose of 0.75 mL/kg of 0.2% ropivacaine has the same analgesic effect as a dose of 1.2 mL/kg. Material and methods: Randomized, prospective, longitudinal, comparative equivalence clinical trial. One hundred patients 0-7 years of age scheduled for elective or emergency infraumbilical surgery were enrolled between April 2021 and January 2022. Children were randomized 1:1 to be assigned to ultrasound-guided caudal block. Results: 100 patients divided into two groups with 0.2% ropivacaine volumes (0.75 mL vs. 1.2 mL). Both groups demonstrated the trans-anesthetic and post-anesthetic sedoanalgesia variables without significant differences for both groups on the FLACC pain scale after surgery and in recovery (p > 0.5), in the pain reassessment on the FLACC scale in the office called chronic pain (p > 0.5) in both groups. No complications were reported in the follow-up consultations and no arrhythmias were reported in both groups during surgery. Conclusions: The results of both groups did not show differences between a volume of 0.75 mL and 1.2 mL, the administration of 0.2% ropivacaine is favored with the use of ultrasound, which allows effective administration of lower doses of local anesthetic with reduced risk of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food preservation is one of the most important concerns of food engineering and its importance is reflected in a longer shelf life. In this work it was evaluated how temperature and panela in different concentrations affect the diffusivity coefficients of water (De,w) and solids (De,s) in the osmodehydration (OD) of Physalis peruviana with the application of ultrasound (40 kHz) and agitation (50-100 rpm). For this purpose, the fruits were osmodehydrated in panela at concentrations between 30 and 60% (by weight) and temperatures between 30 and 60 °C for a period of 7 hours, after which, the values of De,w and De,s. The results show that ultrasound improves water loss (WL) and solids gain (SG), whose values were 14,25 and 46,62 %, respectively. The De,w values in agitation were between 2,004 and 4,694x10-10 m²/s while the De,s varied between 1,93 and 4,23 x 10-10 m²/s; while with ultrasound, De,w values between 2,76 and 5,90 x 10-10 m²/s and De,s between 2,617 and 4,925 x 10-10 m²/s were obtained. The influence of panela concentration and temperature on De,w and De,s shows that it is significant (p<0,05). On the other hand, in the treatments whose values for the independent variables were the highest, there was a loss of vitamin C of 60,23 % for agitation, 58,67 % for the control treatment and 25,47 % with the application of ultrasound. Similar effect was obtained for the antioxidant capacity. In the ultrasound treatment, an additional calcium gain was obtained, with an increase of 11,45 %. Consequently, the increase in temperature and concentration of osmotic agent increases the diffusive processes of the DO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in women; the most frequent sites of metastasis are to the bone, lung and liver and less common to the skin. The purpose of this case series is to review the clinical and imaging presentation of patients with skin metastases secondary to breast cancer. Method: Retrospective, crosssectional study. A review of the results of cutaneous metastases due to breast cancer was carried out in our institution over a period of 5 years; its clinical and imaging findings were analyzed. Our results are compared with that reported in the literature. Results: The prevalence of skin metastases was 0.6%, the age range was from 36 to 68 years. Most of our patients presented palpable nodularity. The most common ultrasound finding was multiple nodules with indistinct and avascular margins on color Doppler. The diagnosis was by ultrasound and biopsy. Conclusion: Cutaneous metastases due to breast cancer are rare, however it is extremely important for the radiologist to know this pathology for its diagnosis, in order to provide adequate treatment and reduce the mortality of the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To correlate the results of ultrasound liver elastography in patients with steatosis with the results of liver function tests. Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted including patients with steatosis and liver function tests of at least 3 previous months in a period of 1 year who attended an abdominal ultrasound, obtaining at least 6 measurements with a LogicTM E9 ultrasound equipment, featuring shear-wave elastography with good quality measurements. Pearson or Spearman correlations were made according to the normality of the variables. Results: The elastography values show a slight correlation with aspartate transaminase (GOT) (r: 0.641; p = 0.001), alanine transaminase (GPT) (r: 0.441; p = 0.001) and a strong correlation with triglycerides (r: 0.859; p = 0.001). Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that there is a correlation between liver function tests and elastography levels, specifically with GOT, GPT, and triglycerides. Elastography gives us results that correlate with laboratory markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este artículo presenta una actividad didáctica desarrollada en el aula universitaria dentro del marco del aprendizaje basado en la indagación (Inquiry-Based Learning). En la misma, estudiantes del profesorado y la licenciatura en ciencias físicas generaron nuevas preguntas e hipótesis haciendo uso de un diseño experimental previamente construido: un interferómetro acústico de ultrasonido. Se muestran los resultados de dos grupos de estudiantes que tomaron el dispositivo y modificaron su diseño original. En este trabajo se puede observar los recursos teóricos y metodológicos utilizados en clases de laboratorio de física ondulatoria con materiales de bajo costo. Se tuvo en cuenta también en el diseño de esta actividad formar a los estudiantes en las competencias propias de su carrera.

Background: The edible green algae Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh (Caulerpaceae), also known as "sea grape", is an excellent source of phenolic compounds known for their activity to reduce free radicals. Objectives: The research aims to evaluate the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of C. racemosa (70% ethanol extracts) obtained from different extraction methods, such as maceration, Soxhlet, and ultrasound. Methods: Total phenolics of the extracts were determined by the colorimetry method using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Total phenol content was expressed as mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g extract. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical was used to assess the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Results: the ethanol extract of C. racemosa obtained from the ultrasonic methods had the highest phenolic content (39.38 mg GAE/g) compared to other extraction methods (Soxhlet was 37.31 mg GAE/g and maceration was 22.05 mg GAE/g). The IC50 value against DPPH of the C. racemosa ethanol extracts using ultrasonic, Soxhlet, and maceration was 352.95, 365.73, and 375.84 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: the variation of the extraction methods affected the total phenolics content of C. racemosa ethanol extracts and their antioxidant activity. We reported here the potential of C. racemosa extracts as an antioxidant raw material from marine plants for medicinal, nutraceutical, cosmetics, and food products; however, more research is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción: La cirugía de cataratas es una de las más practicada a nivel mundial, la anestesia ocular tiene como objetivo la analgesia, acinesia y normotonia, la efectividad del bloqueo peribulbar es poco predecible y es necesaria la administración de más anestésico hasta en la mitad de los casos, la propagación y la extensión de la mezcla anestésica dentro del contenido de la órbita es variable y esta característica de reproducibilidad inadecuada es la principal desventaja. El ultrasonido supone una mejoría en la predicción de la calidad anestésica alcanzada según el análisis de las imágenes obtenidas. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia del bloqueo peribulbar de acuerdo con la propagación de la mezcla anestésica determinado por ultrasonido. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional de carácter descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal con una muestra de 52 pacientes a quienes se les aplico bloqueo peribulbar y visualización por ultrasonido de la dispersión de la mezcla anestésica, sometidos a cirugía de cataratas. Resultados: La detección de la mezcla anestésica en el espacio extraconal total, intraconal parcial e intraconal total deriva en una sensibilidad del 92%, especificidad del 78,57% y un valor predictivo positivo del 92,11% con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Conclusión: Se describieron cuatro patrones de propagación de la mezcla anestésica en el espacio retroocular y se calculó estadísticamente una proyección de efectividad la cual se correlaciono con las condiciones clínicas de los pacientes.