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V diplomski nalogi sem predstavila in se osredotočila na izvršitelje, njihovo delo, naloge, pristojnosti in odgovornosti. Prav tako sem seveda skušala zajeti tudi vse ostalo, kar je z njimi povezano in pomembno tako pri njihovem delu kot tudi pri uspešnem opravljanju izvršilnih dejanj. Teorijo sem na določenih mestih podkrepila s primeri iz sodne prakse. V zadnjem delu diplomske naloge je opisan pogovor z izvršiteljem, ki bralcu ponudi odgovore na konkretno zastavljena vprašanja. Omogoča vpogled v delo, primere in življenjske izkušnje enega izmed slovenskih izvršiteljev. The focus of this diploma thesis are enforcement agents and their duties and functions as well as their authority and liability. It also covers other aspects of their work and elements that are essential for a successful execution of enforcement activities. In certain parts, the theory is substantiated by concrete examples from the case law. The last part of this diploma thesis contains an interview with an enforcement agent, which offers answers to concrete questions. The interview gives insight into the work, concrete examples and life experiences of one of the enforcement agents in Slovenia.

Diplomska naloga Pravni in procesni položaj bank v izvršilnem postopku je nastala predvsem zaradi večletnih izkušenj z delom v oddelku sodne izterjave banke. Obravnava faze izvršilnega postopka, ki jih morajo pri svojem delu spoštovati tudi uslužbenci banke, predvsem na tistih področjih, ki se nanašajo na izvršilni postopek. Glede na to, da se je v času gospodarske krize povečalo tudi zadolževanje tako pravnih kakor tudi fizičnih oseb, so postopki, ki obravnavajo izvršilno zakonodajo, zelo aktualni. Namen izvršilnega postopka je predvsem pomoč upnikom. Nemalokrat se zgodi, da mora upnik terjatev do dolžnika, katero bi dolžnik moral izpolniti prostovoljno oziroma skladno s pravicami in dolžnostmi na podlagi sklenjene pogodbe, izterjati s pomočjo prisilnih sredstev in sodišča. Podlaga za to je Zakon o izvršbi in zavarovanju (ZIZ). V uvodu diplomske naloge sem predstavila splošne pojme, ki jih srečamo pri izvršilnem postopku. V nadaljevanju pa sem se osredotočila na sam potek izvršilnega postopka, v katerega sem podrobneje vključila položaj upnika, konkretneje banke kot upnika, tako s pravnega kot tudi s procesnega vidika. Upnik lahko vloži predlog za izvršbo le v primeru, da razpolaga z izvršilnim naslovom ali verodostojno listino. Na drugi strani, pa mora tudi dolžnik izpolnjevati določene pogoje, ki mu pomagajo omiliti posledice izvršbe (npr. pri odlogu izvršbe). Na obravnavanem področju se je izoblikovalo zelo veliko sodne prakse, ki nas preko cele diplomske naloge pripelje do še boljšega razumevanja izvršilnega prava. The thesis Legal and banks’ procedural status in execution procedure arose mainly due to several years of experience in the department of banks’ judicial enforcement. The bank employees have to comply with the execution procedure phases, especially in those areas which relate to the execution procedure. According to the fact that the borrowings of both legal and natural person increased in the time of the economic crisis, the procedures that deal with executive legislation are very much present. Above all, the creditor’s help is the execution procedure’s purpose. It often happens that the creditor claims against the debtor, which the debtor would have to voluntarily fulfil and in accordance with the contract’s rights and obligations. Therefore, the creditor has to recover it with the help of coercive measures and the court. The Claim Enforcement and Security Act is the foundation for it. In the introduction, I presented the general concepts encountered in the execution procedure. Further on, I focused on the execution procedure’s course, in which I included the creditor’s position in great detail, especially bank, both from legal and procedural aspect. The creditor can file a proposal for enforcement only in such case that it has an executive title or an authentic document. On the other hand, the debtor must fulfil certain conditions which help him alleviate the enforcement’s consequences (enforcement’s delay). A lot of case-law was formed on the discussed field, which leads us to a better understanding of the executive law throughout the whole thesis.

Diplomsko delo obravnava razloge zoper priznanje in izvršitev tujih sodnih odločb v okviru Bruseljske uredbe Ia. Podrobneje sta kot razlog nepriznanja opisana pridržek javnega reda in kršitve načela kontradiktornosti. Delo skozi primere sodne prakse prikazuje odločitve Sodišča EU glede vprašanj, ki so jih nanj naslovila sodišča držav članic v zvezi z zavrnitvenimi razlogi zoper priznanje in izvršitev tuje sodne odločbe. Predstavljeno je vročanje tujih sodnih odločb in posledice nevročitve, ki predstavljajo razlog za zavrnitev tuje sodne odločbe bodisi z vidika poseganja v javni red države, v kateri se zahteva priznanje tuje sodne odločbe, ali pa zaradi kršitve temeljnih pravic posameznika. Vsakdo ima pravico do sodelovanja v postopku, ki teče zoper njega, prav tako pa mu mora biti dana možnost priprave obrambe, da se lahko uspešno brani pred sodiščem. Poudarjena je omejena razlaga javnega reda in njegovana restriktivna vloga, kot se je izoblikovala tudi v praksi Sodišča EU. Iz diplomskega dela je razvidno, da je klavzula javnega reda zelo omejena in se lahko uporabi samo v izjemnih primerih. Na drugi strani pa je pomembno tudi razmejevanje med javnim redom in načelom kontradiktornosti. Delo tako izpostavlja in analizira prakso Sodiščae EU, ki je v zvezi s temje v podobnih primerih podalo različno razlago na vprašanje glede uporabea ali se lahko uporabijo določbe javnega reda inalikateri drug razlog iz 45. člena BU Ia za zavrnitev tuje sodne odločbe določbe o kontradiktornosti, zaradi česar je lahko obseg razlage obeh razlogov za zavrnitev priznanja oziroma njuno medsebojno razlikovanje v določeni meri nejasno. This thesis discusses grounds against enforcement and recognition of foreign judgments under the Brussels Regulation Ia. It is focused on refusal grounds of public order clause and breach of contradictoriness principle. Through the cases the study shows Court of Justice decisions about questions sent by courts of Member States regarding refusal grounds for non-recognition and non-enforcement of the judgment. Delivery of foreign judgments and consequences of non-delivery that represent grounds of non-recognition are interpreted in the study either from interfering into public policy of Member state where recognition is sought or when a breach of fundamental rights of individual takes place. Every individual has the right to cooperate in the procedure against him or her and has to be given an opportunity to prepare defense and be able to successfully defend before the Court. The focus is on the limited explanation of the Public Policy and its restrictive role as shown from practice of Court of Justice. It is evident from the thesis that the Public Policy Clause is very restrictive and can only be applied in exceptional cases. On the other hand, it is important to delimit Public Policy and contradictoriness principle. Thesis exposes and analyzes practice of Court of Justice which in respect to similar cases gave a different interpretation to the question of the application of the provisions of Public Policy and provisions of contradictoriness, for this reason the scope of the interpretation of the two grounds for non-recognition and their mutual differentiation is at certain extent unclear.