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Resumen El artículo tiene como objetivo proponer que la amplitud teórica de Henri Lefebvre conlleva distintos diseños metodológicos, además del método dialéctico. Para cumplir con lo anterior, se apela a que el pensamiento de Lefebvre se concibe de manera tríadica y su postura epistemológica corresponde a un enfoque heterodoxo que da luz sobre la cuestión del método. A partir de esto, se pone de relieve algunos postulados que respaldan la presente investigación como: el método regresivo-progresivo; los juegos de tríadas se pueden relacionar promoviendo un diseño metodológico de totalidades abiertas; y, la teoría unitaria de la producción del espacio que fragmentada por dimensiones espaciales responden a configurar un método de análisis teórico-conceptual, aunque dejando diversas posibilidades al usuario del punto de aplicación que serviría como sustento teórico-metodológico en las proposiciones en David Harvey, Edward Soja y Neil Brenner. Abstract The article aims to propose that the theoretical breadth of Henri Lefebvre entails different methodological designs, in addition to the dialectical method. In order to accomplish the above, it is appealed that the thought of Lefebvre is conceived in a triadic way and his epistemological posture corresponds to a heterodox aproach that gives light on the question of the method. From this, it highlights some postulates that support the present research as: the regressive-progressive method; triad games can be related by promoting a methodological design of open totalities; and, the unitary theory of the production of space that fragmented down by spatial dimensions respond to configure a theoretical-analysys methodconceptual, although leaving various possibilities to the user of the point of application that would serve as theoretical-methodological support in the propositions in David Harvey, Edward Soja and Neil Brenner. Resumo O artigo tem como objetivo propor que a amplitude teórica de Henri Lefebvre implica diferentes desenhos metodológicos, além do método dialético. Para cumprir com o anterior, apela-se a que o pensamento de Lefebvre seja concebido de forma tríplice e sua postura epistemológica corresponde a uma abordagem heterodoxo que dá luz sobre a questão do método. A partir disto, destaca-se alguns postulados que apoiam a presente pesquisa como: o método regressivo-progressivo; os jogos de Tríades podem se relacionar promovendo um desenho metodológico de totalidades abertas; e, a teoria unitária da produção do espaço que fragmentada por dimensões espaciais respondem a configurar um método de análise teórico-conceitual, embora deixando diversas possibilidades ao usuário do ponto de aplicação que serviria como sustento teórico-metodológico nas proposições em David Harvey, Edward Soja e Neil Brenner.

Community detection in directed networks appears as one of the most relevant topics in the field of network analysis. One common theme in some formalizations is that flows should tend to stay within communities and could be centered round core nodes called "kernels". Hence, we expecttriads to play an important role in the detection of that kind of community. Triads for directed graph are directed sub-graphs of 3 nodes involving at least 2 links between them. To identify communities in directed networks, this paper proposes an undirected edge-weighting scheme based on directed triads. We also propose a new metric on quality of the communities that is based on the triad density of communities. To validate our approach, an experiment was conducted on some networks which show that it has better performance on triad-based density over some state-of-the-art methods.; La détection des communautés dans les graphes orientés constitue un domaine crucial de l'analyse des réseaux. Dans une communauté, les noeuds sont plus densément connectés entre eux, et peuvent être centrés autour d'autres noeuds " coeurs " appelés "Kernels". Nous estimons que les triades orientés sont d'un rôle capital dans la détection des communautés engendrées par un ensemble de noeuds. Une triade dans un graphe orienté est un sous-graphe de 3 noeuds impliqués dans au moins 2 liens. Afin d'extraire les communautés, nous proposons une méthode de transformation du graphe orienté en non orienté et valué, en se basant sur les triades orientées. Et nous proposons une nouvelle mesure de qualité basée sur la densité en triades dans les communautés. La validation de cette approche par des expérimentations sur des réseaux montre qu'elle découvre des communautés plus significatives, de densité en triades plus importantes que d'autres méthodes de l'état de l'art.

I would like to tell you a word about what I think of the links between Organized Crime and terrorist networks. Because a lot of people pretend there are strong links between Organised Crime and terrorist networks, which is absolutely wrong. Both are professional, but they have not the same goals. Terrorist organizations can receive the help of petty delinquent groups, but not share their activities with organized criminal networks. First idea, for discussing about that, we have to come back ...

Among all the minorities in South East Asia, the Chinese Diaspora is by far the most influential. Its centuries-old presence, its demographic weight, the richness of its transnational network, its cultural, economical and political influence in some countries in the zone raise a series of question. The Diaspora role is essentially a political question. Who really are they? Who is Chinese and how integrated in their host country could they be? Does the multi dimensional influence of these grou...

Ethnic Chinese is considered one of so many minorities in Indonesia. The majority of Indonesians are Javanese and Sundanese making up to 50% of the total population of Indonesia which is about 220 million people. On the other hand, the fact shows the important role of the Chinese – Indonesians particularly in the economy and trade sector. Although the ethnic Chinese in Indonesia is the largest community among the other countries in South East Asia but they are still facing ongoing problem of ...

Summary This article seeks to portray a realistic picture of the current situation af the Chinese diaspora in this frontier region and perhaps defend the reputation of this community, the members of which are often systematically accused of being implicated in the flesh trade, in their capacity as the main people concerned as well as participants, for if some members of the Chinese community are indeed involved in prostitution and flesh trade, all are not necessarily concerned and there are r...

As an introduction to the second day, Alain Forest warns against the unfair association that can be made between the Chinese presence on the one hand, and illegal or underground activities on the other. That all the Chinese more or less belong to mafias is an old cliché, arising particularly from the existence of an organization (sometimes under colonial impulsion as in French Indochina) of congregations generally based on the origin of Chinese immigrants; a cliché that is obviously reinforce...

Antony, Robert James. (1988). Pirates, bandits, and brotherhoods: A study of crime and law in Kwangtung Province, 1796-1839. Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Hawaii. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii. Billingsley, Phil. (1988). Bandits in Republican China. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1988. Black, David. (1991). Triad Takeover: A Terrifying Account of the Spread of Triad Crime in the West. London, UK, UK: Sidgwick & Jackson. Bolton, Kingsley (ed.) (2000...

Overview With its 1.3 billion inhabitants and stable economic growth, China is becoming a very significant country. One might have heard of China being referred to as the Dragon, the Big Brother, or the World Market, the names reflecting on the country’s position. One thing is clear, though, even when considering the purchase of one item, the numbers become enormous when multiplied by 1.3 billion, which is why the name “China” works as an eye-opener. Not so long ago, when someone talked about...

Concerning these communities I would like to make two comparative remarks: one concerns Thailand and the other concerns Burma. 1) When we speak about the Chinese in this country there is a sort of taboo. As people in general do not like too much to speak about the Chinese during conversations with strangers some subjects concerning that community are never mentionned or are systematically concealed. The reason for such a discreet attitude is obvious. For most of the foreigners the inhabitants...

In most Southeast Asian countries, the members of the Chinese Diaspora have secured important position in the fields of administration, education and religion. Thanks to their capacity to work and to adapt as well as their frugality, their cultural influence continues to grow. Clans and factions form the essential structure of the ancient Chinese society. If Imperial China never developed a Civil Law, it's probably because the ancient Chinese society never really saw the need for it. This structure of relations could also explain why the Chinese civilisation didn't develop a real territorial reference. The Chinese Diaspora today covers different political and economical realities which could be conflicting. What primarily characterises the Diaspora is apparently its great capacity to organise itself in any economical, political, social or cultural environment. The capacity if its economic and administrative elites had been the determining factor of their development. However, the existence of informal and trans-national networks can also help the development of criminal activities. The presence of mafia groups and gangs of Chinese origin and their collusion with the world of finance and politics are historical facts in the region and could represent today a real threat for its stability. These criminal networks tend to forge business link with their Japanese, Russian, Korea, Italian or South American counterparts and sometimes could interfere with the process of political decision making.

From the neon-lit streets in the heart of triad territory in Hong Kong and China’s ganglands dominating the sex, extortion and drug trade; to counterfeiting luxury goods straight off the shelves of the Parisian fashion houses of Louis Vuitton, Pierre Cardin and Chanel; right down to hired assassins, the illegal shark fin trade and clandestine methamphetamine factories on the tropical island paradise of Fiji, they are everywhere. They run casino loansharking and operate multi-billion dollar bl...

Overview In its most common form, the collective term triad refers to underground criminal fraternities. These fraternities are almost exclusively made up of Chinese membership, and although having originated in Mainland China, these societies have followed the migratory movements of the Chinese across the globe. Originally the triads were formed with political aims in mind, but over time they degenerated into criminal societies driven by greed. Today they are both opportunist and organized c...

“Na thi dai mi chao chin apphayop na thi ni cha mi samakhom yu duai samoe.” M.R. Ayumongkol Sonakul, a newspaperman from royal ancestry translates this sentence as “They (the secret societies) existed everywhere there was a large Chinese community” (Sonakul 1985: 16; Leotphanitkun 2525: 1; 2528: 72). The word ang-yi (อั้งยี่) is quite familiar with the Thai people. However, all Thai dictionaries do not include it. One of the largest Thai-English dictionaries gives “Chinese secret society” a...

1. Hong Kong Triads Triad societies appeared in Hong Kong even before the Chinese ceded it to be a British colony in 1842. Although the triads in Hong Kong had some indirect links with those in China, the take-off of Hong Kong triads was a direct response to the conflicts between different migratory dialect groups for job opportunities in the labour market by the turn of the 20th century. According to the record of the Hong Kong police, there were more than 300 triad societies in the ...

Lyric after Pindar should be seen not as declining and petering out, but as developing in ways which radically question or play with the fundamentals of the genre (or “super-genre”). The stanza is a crucial feature of lyric up to Pindar, especially when seen textually; “modernist” expansion into huge astrophic entities (Timotheus, etc.) and “postmodern” reduction into stichic lines (Callimachus, etc.) both involve radical rethinking of the super-genre, and one is a reaction to the other. However, the most innovative postmodernists are the poets somewhat earlier than Callimachus and Theocritus (Simmias, Philicus, etc.); Callimachus and Theocritus continue their ideas with new twists and new point. And the stanza is not really dead: within Timotheus’ and Callimachus’ poems stanza-like structures are built up. The late-classical and Hellenistic development of lyric is as dynamic and thought-provoking as that of sculpture. On ne devrait pas considérer que la lyrique après Pindare décline et s’épuise, mais plutôt qu’elle se développe selon des voies qui questionnent radicalement ou jouent avec les fondements du genre (ou « super-genre »). La strophe est une caractéristique cruciale de la lyrique jusqu’à Pindare, surtout d’un point de vue textuel ; l’expansion « moderniste » en grandes entités astrophiques (Timothée entre autres) et la réduction « postmoderne » à des vers stichiques (Callimaque entre autres) impliquent toutes deux une remise en cause radicale du super-genre, et l’une est une réaction à l’autre. Cependant, les postmodernistes les plus novateurs sont les poètes un peu antérieurs à Callimaque et Théocrite (Simmias, Philicos entre autres) ; Callimaque et Théocrite prolongent leurs idées avec de nouveaux ajustements et de nouveaux objectifs. Mais la strophe n’est pas réellement morte : dans les poèmes de Timothée et de Callimaque se construisent des structures d’apparence strophique. Le développement tardif et hellénistique de la lyrique est aussi dynamique et stimulant que celui de la sculpture. Dopo Pindaro la poesia lirica non declina e non si esaurisce, ma si sviluppa in modi che mettono in discussione o giocano con i fondamenti del genere (o sopra-genere). La stanza è un aspetto cruciale della lirica fino a Pindaro, specialmente se considerata da un punto di vista testuale; un’espansione “modernista” in enormi entità astrofiche (Timoteo, ecc.) e una riduzione “postmoderna” in versi stichici (Callimaco, ecc.) implicano entrambe un totale ripensamento del sopra-genere e l’una è una reazione all’altra. Tuttavia, i postmodernisti più innovativi sono i poeti che collochiamo un po’ prima di Callimaco e Teocrito (Simmia, Filico, ecc.). Callimaco e Teocrico riprendono il loro pensiero con nuovi sviluppi e una nuova prospettiva critica. La stanza non è davvero morta. Con i poemi di Timoteo e Callimaco vengono costruite strutture simili alla stanza. Lo sviluppo tardo-classico e ellenistico della lirica è dinamico e stimolante come quello della scultura.

International audience; In contrast to conventional statistical analysis, statistical models for social networks must account for dependencies between observations. To address this issue, a specific class of models has been developed, Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGM). The basis for these models is the fundamental idea of triads, a longstanding concept within sociology, as seen in Simmel’s work. This article aims to present for the first time in French ERGM’s theoretical foundations, and reviews the usefulness of the triadic approach for exploring social processes. Using a case study of a business law firm, the ERGM estimation process is presented in detail, followed by a review of recent research using ERGM.; La statistique des réseaux sociaux, contrairement à la statistique classique, fait face à l’épineux problème de la dépendance des observations. Pour le résoudre, elle propose un nouveau type de modélisation statistique, les Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGM). À la base de ces modèles, se trouve la notion élémentaire de triade, discutée de longue date dans la littérature sociologique, en premier lieu chez Simmel. Cet article, qui vise, pour la première fois, à présenter en français, les fondements des ERGM, fait le point sur l’intérêt de l’approche triadique pour l’analyse des processus sociaux. Il donne un exemple détaillé de mise en œuvre des ERGM sur des données de réseau (celles d’un cabinet d’avocats d’affaires), et présente quelques travaux récents qui les mobilisent pour appréhender par exemple la sociabilité des adolescents ou les coopérations inter-organisationnelles.

O esquema das tríades divinas (associações de três divindades, inicialmente de uma mesma cidade, depois também em locais geográficos diferentes) é o agrupamento de divindades egípcias mais frequente do antigo Egipto. A constituição de uma tríade respondia directamente à intenção e ao interesse do(s) sacerdócio(s) em estabelecer uma ligação entre os vários cultos de uma determinada localidade ou entre os cultos de regiões distintas. As funções dos membros desses agrupamentos dependiam inteiramente do contexto mítico ou ritual em que eram invocadas e em que justificavam as suas associações, em que, em todos os casos, se procurava «a unidade na diversidade». The scheme of divine triads (associations of three deities, originally from the same city, later also from different geographic locations) is the most frequent group of deities of ancient Egypt. The formation of a triad resulted directly from the intention and interest of the priesthood(s) in establishing a link between the various cults of a particular locality or between services of different regions. The functions of the members of these groups depended entirely on the mythical or ritual context in which they were invoked and in which they justify their associations that, in all cases, was an attempt for «unity in diversity».

Nuclear movements are important for multiple cellular functions and are driven by forces originating from motor proteins and cytoskeleton. During skeletal myofiber formation or regeneration, nuclei move from the center to the periphery of the myofiber for proper muscle function. Furthermore, centrally located nuclei are found in different muscle disorders. Using theoretical and experimental approaches, we demonstrate that nuclear movement to the periphery of myofibers is mediated by centripetal forces around the nucleus in combination with local changes of nuclear stiffness. The centripetal forces are generated by myofibril contraction, cross-linking and zipping around the nucleus. Local changes of nuclear stiffness are achieved by asymmetric distribution of lamin A/C. Beginning with BIN1, gene mutated in centronuclear myopathies (CNMs); we identified the molecular cascade involved in nuclear movement to the periphery. We show that Amphipysin 2 (BIN1) is important for N-WASP recruitment which itself activates the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization. This cascade is important for nuclear movement to the periphery and transversal triad formation. This pathway is perturbed in certain patients harboring BIN1 mutations as it leads to mis-localized amphiphysin 2. Despite originating from the same pathway, peripheral nuclear movement and transversal triad formation are independent processes. An Arp2/3 complex containing Arpc5L together with γ-actin organize desmin to cross-link and zip myofibrils for nuclear movement whereas an Arp2/3 complex containing Arpc5 together with β-actin is required for transversal triad formation., Les mouvements nucléaires sont importants pour une multitude de fonctions cellulaires et sont induits par des forces produites par des protéines moteurs et le cytosquelette. Lors de la formation et régénération de myofibres, les noyaux migrent du centre à la périphérie de la cellule pour son bon fonctionnement. De plus, certaines maladies musculaires sont caractérisées par une accumulation de noyaux centraux. En utilisant une approche théorique et empirique, nous démontrons que le mouvement de noyaux vers la périphérie des myofibres est induit par des forces centripètes autour des noyaux ainsi que par des changements locaux de rigidité nucléaire. Ces forces centripètes sont générées par la contraction de myofibrilles et par leur réticulation autour des noyaux. Les changements de rigidité nucléaire relèvent d’une asymétrie de la distribution de la lamin A/C. En débutant par BIN1, gène muté dans les myopathies centro-nucléés (CNM), nous avons identifié la cascade moléculaire à l’origine du mouvement des noyaux. Nous montrons que l’Amphiphysin 2 (BIN1) est indispensable pour le recrutement de N-WASP, activateur du complexe Arp2/3 afin de promouvoir la polymérisation de l’actine. Cette cascade est nécessaire au mouvement des noyaux vers la périphérie et pour la formation de triades transversales. Cet enchainement est perturbé chez certains patients portant des mutations de BIN1 car cela affecte la bonne localisation de l’Amphiphysin 2. Bien que provenant de la même cascade, le mouvement des noyaux vers la périphérie et la formation transversale de triades sont des processus indépendants. Un complexe de Arp2/3 contenant Arpc5L avec la γ-actine organisent la desmine et donc la réticulation des myofibrilles important pour le mouvement nucléaire. En revanche, un complexe de Arp2/3 contenant Arpc5 avec la β-actine est nécessaires à la formation de triades transversales.

Lawyers of the Early Middle Ages produced a large body of texts, mostly directed at law students or learning practitioners. Those texts, containing rules seemingly applicable to the whole island, are the witness of a certain judicial unity and give a priori the impression of a relative homogeneity. But this unity may sometime only be an appearance, and may hide variations linked to the age of the texts, their geographical origin, or their authors' train of thought. Indeed, lawyers do not always use the same terminology to express their own way to think of the law. Nonetheless they belong to the same judicial culture, which leads them to arrange their sources of law in triads, using different words in the various tracts to express the same rules., Les juristes du haut Moyen Age ont produit de nombreux textes qui s'adressent principalement à des étudiants en droit ou à des praticiens en cours de perfectionnement. Ces textes qui semblent contenir des règles applicables dans toute l'île, témoignent d'une certaine unité juridique et donnent a priori l'impression d'une relative homogénéité. Mais cette unité n'est parfois qu'apparente et cache des variations liées à la date des textes, à leur origine géographique ou à la pensée de leurs auteurs. Les juristes n'ont en effet pas toujours recours à la même terminologie pour exprimer leur manière de concevoir le droit. Pourtant ils appartiennent à la même tradition juridique, qui les amène à classer leurs sources du droit par séries de trois en utilisant des termes différents selon les traités, pour désigner les mêmes règles.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-10-19T12:41:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VIVIAN SEBBEN ADAMI_.pdf: 2714217 bytes, checksum: 0d285db93644d5612c6864a6baeacd87 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-19T12:41:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VIVIAN SEBBEN ADAMI_.pdf: 2714217 bytes, checksum: 0d285db93644d5612c6864a6baeacd87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-29 Nenhuma Uma das prioridades da agenda sustentável mundial é a promoção do uso de fontes energéticas renováveis, como a energia eólica. O crescimento do uso dessa fonte desenvolveu uma indústria na Europa e nos Estados Unidos para atender à demanda desses mercados precursores. Na última década, o Brasil, juntamente com a China e a Índia, vem investindo na geração eólica, e destacando-se no cenário mundial. A implantação de parques eólicos acontece por meio de projetos interorganizacionais (PIOs), envolvendo atividades compartilhadas entre empresas com interesses e capacidades diferentes em um ambiente de riscos e incertezas. Esta pesquisa propõe-se a contribuir com a temática ainda nova dos PIOs da indústria eólica, tendo sustentação nos progressos recentes do conhecimento sobre redes e propriedades estruturais. O objetivo principal é compreender as implicações das propriedades estruturais das redes estabelecidas no contexto dos PIOs de geração de energia eólica para seu gerenciamento. Estudos recentes têm adotado a perspectiva de redes para a compreensão e o aprimoramento das relações nos PIOs. Nesses estudos, os PIOs são entendidos como uma rede de atores interdependentes que pode ser detalhada a partir de suas propriedades estruturais em vários níveis. O mapeamento da rede, sua análise e caracterização a partir de múltiplos níveis iluminam questões até então complexas para o desenvolvimento dos parques eólicos. A introdução do nível triádico permitiu novas visões aos aspectos estruturais e posicionais dos atores. As redes são um fenômeno relativamente recente, e o campo de estudos ainda se ressente com a falta de pesquisas que abordem as estruturas relacionais entre os atores. A utilização conjunta de abordagens quantitativas, com a adoção da Análise de Redes Sociais, e qualitativas, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, possibilitou incorporar diferentes (e complementares) perspectivas de análises ao fenômeno. Em termos acadêmicos, uma das contribuições da pesquisa foi o desenvolvimento de um conceitual teórico para as propriedades estruturais dos PIOs em vários níveis, reforçando o poder explicativo da estrutura frente ao dos atributos individuais dos atores. Outra contribuição foi a identificação de relações e papéis-chave para a estruturação de modelos de gestão mais efetivos. Relações informais, invisíveis nas redes de fornecimento e contratos, acontecem dentro de uma lógica cooperativa, e são importantes na coordenação do projeto. Em termos gerenciais, as contribuições centraram-se na compreensão da estrutura relacional dos PIOs, de seu funcionamento, e em aspectos relacionados às implicações das propriedades estruturais para seu gerenciamento. A composição e organização dos PIOs foi revelada assim como a importância da cooperação ou de uma estrutura relacional que estimule a cooperação entre os participantes do projeto. One of the priorities of sustainable world agenda is promoting the use of renewable energy sources, like wind power. The growth of this source developed an industry in Europe and in the United States to supply the demand of these precursors markets. Recently (in the last decade), Brazil along with China and India has been investing in wind generation and emerging on the world scenario. The deployment of wind farms happens through inter-organizational projects (IOPs), involving shared activities among companies with different interests and capabilities in an environment of risks and uncertainties. This research aims to contribute to the still new topic of the wind industry IOPs, having support in recent progress of knowledge on networks and structural properties. Its main goal is to understand how the characteristics of networks established in the context of wind power generation IOPs affect the development of Brazilian initiatives. Recent studies have adopted social networking perspective for understanding and improving relations in IOPs. In these studies, IOPs are understood as a network of interdependent actors that can be detailed from their structural properties at various levels. Network mapping, analysis and characterization from multiple levels shed light to issues hitherto complex for the development of wind farms. The introduction of the triadic level, still little explored in studies of interorganizational networks, enables new visions to actors structural and positional aspects. The networks are a relatively new phenomenon, and the field of study still resents the lack of research that address the relational structures between the actors. The joint use of quantitative approaches, with the adoption of social network analysis, and qualitative, based on semi-structured interviews, made it possible to incorporate different (and complementary) analysis perspectives to the phenomenon. In academic terms, one of the research contributions was the development of a theoretical framework for the structural properties of IOPs on many levels, reinforcing the explanatory power of the structure over the individual attributes of the actors. Another result was the identification of relations and key roles for structuring more effective management models. Informal relations, invisible in supply and procurement networks, happen within a cooperative logic and are important in coordinating the project. In managerial terms, the contributions focused on understanding the relational structure of the IOPs, their operation, and issues related to the implications of the structural properties to its management. The composition and organization of IOPs was revealed as well as the importance of cooperation or of a relational structure that encourages cooperation between project participants.

The differentiation between functional areas is necessary for organizations to be able to meet the challenges posed by the environment. This same differentiation, however, requires the functional integration for organization can operate to achieve their goals and use their resources efficient. This paper uses the perspective of triads, an approach of Social Psychology that studies groups of subjects for the analysis of phenomena associated with the relationships between functional areas of an organization. This approach has been used recently in the study of the relationship between organizations in supply chains. Multiple case studies was conducted in three industrial companies in the region of Uberlandia (MG) and six categories of phenomena that help to understand the relationship between functional areas were identified: Urgency, Capacity vs. Demand, Motivation, Challenge and Respect. Existing theories that adopt the perspective of triads, the Theory of Balance of Heider, Theory of Structural Holes, by Simmel and Theory of Coalitions by Caplow were also used for data analysis. Seven propositions were made regarding the phenomena associated with functional integration from the perspective of triads that can contribute to future studies in this research field. A diferenciação entre as áreas funcionais é necessária para que as organizações sejam capazes de enfrentar os desafios impostos pelo ambiente. Essa mesma diferenciação, no entanto, exige a integração interfuncional para que a organização consiga operar de forma a atingir seus objetivos, utilizando seus recursos de forma eficiente. Este trabalho utiliza a perspectiva de tríades, uma abordagem da Psicologia Social que estuda grupos de indivíduos, para a análise dos fenômenos associados aos relacionamentos entre as áreas funcionais de uma organização. Essa abordagem tem sido recentemente utilizada no estudo do relacionamento entre organizações nas cadeias de suprimentos. Foi realizado um estudo de múltiplos casos em três empresas industriais da região de Uberlândia (MG) e a partir dos dados foram identificadas seis categorias de fenômenos que ajudam a compreender o relacionamento entre as áreas funcionais: Urgência, Capacidade versus Demanda, Motivação, Desafio e Respeito. As teorias existentes que adotam a perspectiva de tríades, a Teoria do Equilíbrio de Heider, a Teoria dos Buracos Estruturais, de Simmel e a Teoria das Coalizões, de Caplow também foram utilizadas para a análise dos dados. Foram feitas sete proposições a respeito dos fenômenos associados à integração interfuncional a partir da perspectiva de tríades que podem contribuir com estudos futuros neste campo de pesquisa. Mestre em Administração

Submitted by Ana Claudia Rodrigues Ferreira (anaclaudiaf@ucb.br) on 2017-07-03T16:29:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PolianaNunesDeOliveira.pdf: 824017 bytes, checksum: 3451bc9fe0f44c7e936642a28c9e6e35 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-07-03T20:48:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PolianaNunesDeOliveira.pdf: 824017 bytes, checksum: 3451bc9fe0f44c7e936642a28c9e6e35 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-03T20:48:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PolianaNunesDeOliveira.pdf: 824017 bytes, checksum: 3451bc9fe0f44c7e936642a28c9e6e35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 O texto apresenta e compara as tríades desenvolvidas por Charles Sanders Peirce e Victoria Lady Welby. O filósofo trabalha na área da Semiótica, com os três tipos de interpretante. Welby apresenta a tricotomia do sentido desenvolvida em sua ciência, hoje conhecida como Significs. Ambas as tríades foram desenvolvidas no século XIX e representam hoje um importante estudo para a Linguística. The paper presents and compares the triads developed by Charles Sanders Peirce and Victoria Lady Welby. The philosopher works in the field of Semiotics, with the three kinds of interpretant. Welby presents us her trichotomy of sense, developed in her science, today known as Significs. Both triads were developed in the nineteenth century and today represent an important study for Linguistic.

El esquema de las tríadas divinas (asociaciones de tres deidades, originalmente de la misma ciudad, posteriormente también de diferentes ubicaciones geográficas) es el grupo más frecuente de deidades del Antiguo Egipto. La formación de una tríada era producto directo de la intención e interés del sacerdocio en establecer un nexo entre los distintos cultos de una localidad particular o entre los oficios de diferentes regiones. Las funciones de los miembros de estos grupos dependían completamente del contexto mítico o ritual en el que ellos se encontraban invocados y en el que ellos justificaban sus asociaciones que, en todos los casos, eran un intento de “unidad en la diversidad”. O esquema das tríades divinas (associações de três divindades, inicialmente de uma mesma cidade, depois também em locais geográficos diferentes) é o agrupamento de divindades egípcias mais frequente do antigo Egipto. A constituição de uma tríade respondia directamente à intenção e ao interesse do(s) sacerdócio(s) em estabelecer uma ligação entre os vários cultos de uma determinada localidade ou entre os cultos de regiões distintas. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

CAPES o presente estudo apresenta uma ampla revisão sobre a produção acadêmica acerca da Teoria do Apego, partindo desde os primórdios de sua elaboração por John Bowlby (1969) e posteriormente Mary Ainsworth e colaboradores (1978) até as mais recentes explorações sobre o tema, enfatizando a ausência de estudos na área que avaliem a relação de tríades (pais, mães e filhos) de etnia não branca, de classe socioeconômica baixa e média e do contexto brasileiro, e as interações dos estilos de apego daqueles primeiros no estabelecimento dos estilos de apego de seus filhos. O problema de pesquisa do presente trabalho se delineou da seguinte forma: a combinação dos estilos de apego de pais e mães ou casais cuidadores exerce alguma influência no estabelecimento dos estilos de apego de seus filhos e filhas? As hipóteses: Quando o casal que cuida dos filhos possui estilos de apego semelhantes, os estilos de apego do filho(s) ou filha(s) tenderão a se caracterizar da mesma forma dos pais. Quando o casal possui um, o estilo seguro, o outro, o estilo inseguro; os estilos de apego do filho(s) ou filha(s) tenderão a se caracterizar de maneira mais próxima ao pai ou mãe de estilo de apego seguro. O objetivo maior da presente iniciativa de pesquisa foi de verificar o efeito combinado dos estilos de apego dos pais ou casal cuidador no estabelecimento do estilo de apego de seus filhos e filhas. Foram envolvidos na pesquisa 57 crianças entre 7 e 9 anos com média de idade 7,7 anos DP (.78), 45 mães e 33 pais brasileiros (N= 135), todos habitantes recifenses, de classe social C e D e de origem étnica mista não branca e estruturas familiares das mais diversas. para a avaliação dos estilos de apego dos pais/cuidadores foi utilizado o questionário Experiences in Close Relationship(ECR) e para a avaliação dos estilos de apego das crianças envolvidas na pesquisa aplicou-se uma versão adaptada (por Atilli, 2001) do SeparationAnxiety Test (SAT) de Klagsbrun e Bowlby (1976), a qual foi, por sua vez, foi adaptada para realidade Brasileira (SAT-B). Foram realizadas análises descritivas de frequência e cluster two-wayjoining, correlacionaltetracórica, teste canônico da diferença entre proporções e de qui-quadrado. Os resultados dão suporte a hipótese 1 e demonstram uma tendência a corroborar a hipótese 2. Assim como revelam também uma diferença significativa entre a influência dos pais (homens) de estilos apego seguros nos filhos de estilos de apego seguros e outras combinações parentais com filhos de ambos os sexos. Os resultados apontam ainda uma maior incidência de estilos de apego seguros e uma menor de estilos de apego inseguros entre as meninas, uma maior incidência de estilos de apego inseguros e menor de estilos de apego seguros entre os meninos. Finalmente, a análise das respostas obtidas através do SAT-B apoiam a aplicabilidade do instrumento para a realidade brasileira.

The scheme of divine triads (associations of three deities, originally from the same city, later also from different geographic locations) is the most frequent group of deities of ancient Egypt. The formation of a triad resulted directly from the intention and interest of the priesthood(s) in establishing a link between the various cults of a particular locality or between services of different regions. The functions of the members of these groups depended entirely on the mythical or ritual context in which they were invoked and in which they justify their associations that, in all cases, was an attempt for 'unity in diversity'. O esquema das tríades divinas (associações de três divindades, inicialmente de uma mesma cidade, depois também em locais geográficos diferentes) é o agrupamento de divindades egípcias mais frequente do antigo Egipto. A constituição de uma tríade respondia directamente à intenção e ao interesse do(s) sacerdócio(s) em estabelecer uma ligação entre os vários cultos de uma determinada localidade ou entre os cultos de regiões distintas. As funções dos membros desses agrupamentos dependiam inteiramente do contexto mítico ou ritual em que eram invocadas e em que justificavam as suas associações, em que, em todos os casos, se procurava «a unidade na diversidade».

International audience; [fr] Attestée selon toute vraisemblance dès l'époque thinite et présente dans les Textes des pyramides mêmes, la déesse d'Imet (Imt.yt) ne s'est implantée en un point précis du territoire que tardivement dans son histoire. Après une présence marquée dans la zone d'Avaris dès le Moyen Empire où la déesse acquiert le nom de Ouadjet Dame d'Imet, c'est au début de la XVIIIe dynastie que celle-ci a vu son culte s'implanter plus spécifiquement sur ce qui est aujourd'hui Tell Far[2BF?]oun (Delta oriental). La documentation laisse ensuite percevoir l'évolution qu'a connue son culte ainsi que la venue progressive d'autres divinités à ses côtés.\\Dans cette communication, nous essayerons d'analyser ces évolutions et de mettre en évidence les éléments significatifs caractérisant ce passage d'une seule divinité locale à une triade au cours du Ier millénaire av. J.-C., époque particulièrement riche de développements théologiques.; [en] Attested from the Thinite Period (ca 3100-2650 BC) onwards and mentioned in the Text Pyramids, the goddess of Imet (Imtyt) settled in a specific part of the Egyptian land only at a late stage of her history. After being present in the area of the ancient Avaris from the Middle Kingdom (1990-1760 BC) on, where she acquired the name of Uadjet, Lady of Imet, it is at the very beginning of the 18th Dynasty (1539-1292 BC) that her cult settled in what is nowadays the modern site of Tell el-Faraun, in the Eastern Delta. Documents from and about Imet allow to trace the theological evolution of the place, which shows the appearance and disappearance of several deities at the goddess' side. This paper examines these evolutions and especially focuses on the development of a local Triad during the 1st Millennium BC.

Ten years after Hong Kong's retrocession to China, the traditional Triads, in partnership with other Chinesecriminal organizations, have broadened their field of intervention on a worldwide basis. This is partly due toglobalization and Western Europe is one of their key targets.The modus operandi of those «transnational criminal groups» in France and elsewhere is better understoodwhen one studies the origins and traditional rites of those secret societies deeply rooted in China's history.Simultaneously, describing their current activities naturally leads to assessing the major problems faced by securityagencies in the battle against Chinese organized crime., Dix ans après la rétrocession de Hong Kong à la Chine continentale et l'effet propagateur de lamondialisation, les Triades, en association avec d'autres organisations criminelles chinoises, sesont redéployées à l'échelle mondiale et singulièrement dans le monde occidental.Après avoir rappelé l'origine et le mode de fonctionnement rituel de ces sociétés secrètes nouspermettant ainsi de mieux appréhender le modus operandi de ces véritables « groupes criminelstransnationaux », cet article se propose de dresser un tableau des différentes organisationsopérant à l'heure actuelle en Europe, de faire le point sur leurs activités croissantes sur nosterritoires, ceci afin de nous éclairer sur les problèmes majeurs auxquels se heurtent les servicesde sécurité dans leur lutte contre le crime organisé chinois, pour enfin explorer quelques pistesde réflexion pour juguler cette criminalité.

“Profane knowledge on AIDS: from rational uncertainty to relational certainty”Ideas and knowledge relating to diseases and the appropriate cures, together with norms on what one ought to do regarding the latter, encompass major and numerous uncertainties. Inside the theoretical framework of structural interactionnism, we conceive the (trans) formation of such “profane knowledge” as processes intrinsic to interactions. Now, interactions are considered as able to produce cognitions and norms. Close to models of communicational convergence, we assume that actors work out their answers through interpersonal discussions : the way people think is produced and shared through the spectrum of these interactions. Nevertheless, a given actor often belongs to various circles or networks, which themselves respectively carry heterogeneous knowledge, beliefs and representations. We construct an original method in order to measure the changes in opinion of a given actor in function of the nature of its interlocutors/interviewers.; Les idées et connaissances relatives aux maladies et aux traitements, les normes sur ce qu'il convient de faire, comportent des incertitudes nombreuses et profondes.Dans le champ théorique de l'interactionnisrne structural, nous concevons la (trans)formation de ces « savoirs profanes» comme des processus intrinsèques aux interactions qui ont une capacité de production cognitive et normative. Proches des modèles de convergence communicationnelIe, nous supposons que les acteurs élaborent des réponses à travers des discussions interpersonnelles : la pensée est produite et partagée dans l'interaction. Mais il est fréquent qu'un acteur appartienne à des cercles ou des réseaux porteurs de savoirs, de croyances, de représentations, hétérogènes. Ceci peut conduire un même acteur à partager des pensées différentes sur le même objet. Une méthode originale a été élaborée pour enregistrer les changements d'opinions d'un acteur lorsqu'il s'exprime avec deux interlocuteurs successifs différents.

2ème Congrès de l'Association Française de Sociologie, RT 19 « Santé, Médecine, Maladie et Handicap », Bordeaux, 5-8 Septembre; La communication présente une recherche réalisée par S.Tazé utilisant un protocole d'enquête original permettant de saisir deux expressions d'opinions d'un acteur dans deux contextes relationnels cognitivement et normativement différents. Elle met en évidence les conditions relationnelles dans lesquelles un acteur peut exprimer deux opinions différentes sur le même objet. Il est ainsi montré que, en situation d'incertitude, des savoirs profanes sont intrinsèques à des relations et à des réseaux, et non aux consciences d'acteurs isolés.

Les Chinois d'outre-mer forment ce que l'on estime être la diaspora la plus riche au monde. Ils se sont implantés partout dans le monde au fur et à mesure de plus de quinze siècles d'un phénomène migratoire sans équivalent. Les causes de cet exode, puisque d'exode il s'agit si l'on parle de diaspora, plongent dans l'histoire de la Chine ancienne et dans les valeurs profondes de sa civilisation. Confucianisme et stratégie chinoise ont très fortement contribué à former ce que certains appellent désormais une "tribu globale" dont les capitaux pourraient même dépasser ceux de la République populaire de Chine elle-même. The Chinese Overseas form what one estimates to be the world's wealthiest diaspora. They progressively settled throughout the world for more than fifteen centuries, a migratory phenomenon still unmatched. The causes of this exodus, for exodus applies if one speaks about diaspora, plunge in the history of ancient China and the major values of its civilization. Confucianism and Chinese strategy contributed very strongly to form what some now call a "global tribe" whose assets could even exceed those of the People's Republic of China itself.